辽宁省锦州市锦州中学高一上学期新生入学英语答案

英语入学测试考试时间：150分钟，试卷满分：200分（含25分附加题）考试开始前，请仔细阅读考试注意事项。注意事项：1.请同学们诚信考试，认真作答2.发到试卷后请翻到第五页阅读第六大题听力部分，听力音频将在考试开始2分钟内播放，请同学们做好准备。另：听力15题每小题只读1遍，610题每段材料读2遍3.请同学们将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效，考试结束后只上交答题卡。请同学们妥善保管试卷，日后会进行讲解。4.注意考试时间分配，时间来不及的时候先写作文，作文每个人一定要写，为了了解同学们真实的作文水平。推荐附加题也要尽量写，实在不会除外。一、单选题（本大题共7小题，共7分）1.—Whencanweseethefilmsinourtown?—Notuntilthecinema________nextyearA.builds B.willbuild C.isbuilt D.willbebuilt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：——我们镇上什么时候能看电影?——直到明年电影院建成。分析句意再根据until可知，此处时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，又因为thecinema和动词built之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故选C项。2.—Mike,whereisyourfather?—He________toNewYorkonbusiness.He________theairportatfiveinthemorning.A.hasgone;hasleftfor B.hasbeen;hasleftforC.hasgone;leftfor D.hasbeen;leftfor【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——迈克，你父亲在哪儿？——他到纽约出差去了。他早上5点动身去的机场。第一空表示已经去了，现在人不在这里，应用have/hasgoneto；而have/hasbeento表示已经去过，如今已经回来了；第二空根据后文atfiveinthemorning描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故选C。3.Unless_______,hekeptsilentallthetime.A.spoken B.beingspokento C.spokento D.speakingto【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查条件状语从句的省略。句意：除非有人跟他说话，否则他一直保持沉默。分析句子可知，本句考查的是unless引导的条件状语从句的省略，从句主语与主句主语he一致，且含有be动词，即省略了hewas，又因空处与其主语he之间是动宾关系，所以需用过去分词表示被动，speak表示“说话”时示“和某人说话”。故选C项。4.Ifyouputastoneinthewayofanant,itwillgoaround,over,underorontop,withoutstopping,untilitfindsawaytoget______itneedstobe.A.what B.how C.which D.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：如果你把一块石头挡住蚂蚁的去路，它会不停地四处走动，从上面、下面或上面，不会停止，直到它找到到达它需要的地方的方法。get表示“到达”，为不及物动词，后面需要的是地点状语从句，表示“到达它要去的地方”，用where引导的地点状语从句，故选D项。5.Hesuggestedthattheproblems______paidspecialattentionto.A.referredtobeing B.refertobeing C.referredtobe D.referringtobe【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词、语态和虚拟语气。句意：他建议应该要对涉及到的问题给予重视。分析句子可知，宾语从句中的谓语动词是paid，故空格处用非谓语，根据与逻辑主语problems是被动关系，故用过去分词referredto；主句的谓语动词是suggested，表示“建议”，其后面的宾语从句用shoulddo，should可以省略，与主语problems是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。【点睛】suggest一般用作及物动词，接名词、代词、动名词、带疑问词的动词不定式或由that/wh引导的从句作宾语。suggest作“建议”“提议”解后接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式；作“表明，暗示”“使想起”等解时，从句中的谓语动词可用陈述式。6.（2014·福建）nomoderntelemunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.A.Werethere B.HadtherebeenC.Ifthereare D.Iftherehavebeen【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查if虚拟条件句的省略和倒装。句意：“如果没有现代的电信业，要想得到世界各地的消息，我们就不得不等几个星期。”本题是一个表示与现在相反if虚拟条件句，if从句中使用“did/were”,主句使用“情态动词(would/could/should/might)+动词原形”；而if虚拟条件句发生省略和倒装的条件是：从句谓语部分含有were/had/should。若满足该条件，可将if省去，将were/had/should提于句首，发生部分倒装。故A正确。考点：if虚拟条件句的省略和倒装7.—____________thathedidn’tdaretomoveaninch.—So____________,andso____________you,wereyouinthedark.A.Sofrightenedwashe;washe;would B.Hewassofrightened;hewas;wereC.Sofrightenedwashe;hewas;would D.Sofrightenedhewas;washe;were【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查部分倒装和固定句型。句意：——他吓得一步也不敢动。——他是这样，如果你在黑暗中，你也会这样。第一空，在so…that…句式中，如果so位于句首，主句中的主语和谓语需部分倒装，即将助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语之前，其他语序不变，故排除B、D选项；第二空，句型“so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词”表示同意上文或对方刚说的话，意为“确实就是……”；第三空为句型“so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”，表示前面所陈述的情况也适用于另外一人，意为“……也一样”。故选C。二、阅读理解（本大题共31小题，共分）PassageA（共5小题，分）WhileIwasjumpingrope,mysmartphonetookafalltothefloorwhichcreatedcracks(裂缝)onmyscreen.However,themusickeptplaying.30minuteslater,Icouldseeonlyonetenthofmyscreenwhiletherestwasblack.Thenextmorning,Idecidednottouseitfor24hours.Ifeltasenseofcalmthatday,whichledtomynotusingitforoneweek.Oneweekendedupbeing60daysintotalwithoutmysmartphone.HerearesomeadvantagesInoticedinthischallenge.You'llbee“bored”Withoutmyphone,Ibecamebored,butmymindwentthroughallkindsoftopics,Boredom(无聊)isaperfectwaytocreatenewideasonabusinessorproject.Whenyouarebored,youallowyourmindtorelaxtoreachallpossibilities.You'llbeabletoreduceyour“work”hoursAsurveyfoundthatadultscheckedtheirsmartphones85timesaday,oronceevery10minutes.AsIlearnedinmychallenge,bynothavingmysmartphone,Ifellintodeepworkmoreeasily,soIpletedmytasksinashortertime.You’llimproveyourmentalhealthWithoutmyphone,Iavoidedreadingnegativenewsandments.Whilethathelpedmakeabigimprovementinmymentalhealth,thebiggestreasonforitwastrulymunicatingwithpeople.Itbroughtmemoreconnectionswithhumansintherealworld.Iwenttomoredinnerswithfriendsandaskedmorequestionstostrangers.8.Whathappenedtothewriter’ssmartphone?A.Itwaslost. B.Ithadnosound.C.Itsmusicstoppedplaying. D.Itsscreenwasmostlyblack.9.Howlongdidthewriterstopusingthephoneintheend?A.For24hours. B.Foroneweek. C.Foronemonth. D.Forsixtydays.10.Boredomisagoodwayforthewriter________.A.tocreatenewideas B.tostartabusinessC.tosetupaproject D.torelaxthebody11.Withoutthesmartphone,thewritercouldfinishthework________.A.moreterribly B.morequickly C.morecarelessly D.morefortably12.Whatcanimprovepeople’smentalhealthaccordingtothepassage?A.Chattingonthephone. B.Readingnegativenews.C.municatingintherealworld. D.Avoidingmeetingfriendsandstrangers.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B12.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。作者通过自己60天没有使用智能的经历，讲述了没有智能的好处，你会变得无聊，但会让头脑放松；可以减少你的工作时间；心理健康会大有改善。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文中第一段中“30minuteslater,Icouldseeonlyonetenthofmyscreenwhiletherestwasblack.(30分钟后，我只能看到屏幕的十分之一，其余的都是黑色的。)”可知，作者的智能屏幕大部分是黑色的。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据文中第一段中“Oneweekendedupbeing60daysintotalwithoutmysmartphone.(一个星期最后变成了整整60天没有用我的智能。)”可知，作者停止使用的时间是六十天。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据You'llbee“bored”部分中的“Boredomisaperfectwaytocreatenewideasonabusinessorproject.(无聊是在商业或项目上创造新想法的完美方式。)”可知，无聊是作者创造新的想法的好方法。故选A。4.细节理解题。根据You'llbeabletoreduceyour“work”hours部分中的“AsIlearnedinmychallenge,bynothavingmysmartphone,Ifellintodeepworkmoreeasily,soIpletedmytasksinashortertime.(正如我在我的挑战中所学到的，由于没有智能，我更容易投入到深层次的工作中，所以我在更短的时间内完成了我的任务。)”可知，没有智能，作者就可以更快地完成这项工作。故选B。5.细节理解题。根据文中最后一段“Withoutmyphone,Iavoidedreadingnegativenewsandments.Whilethathelpedmakeabigimprovementinmymentalhealth,thebiggestreasonforitwastrulymunicatingwithpeople.Itbroughtmemoreconnectionswithhumansintherealworld.Iwenttomoredinnerswithfriendsandaskedmorequestionstostrangers.(没有，我避免阅读负面新闻和评论。虽然这有助于我的心理健康有了很大的改善，但最大的原因是真正与人沟通。它给我带来了更多与现实世界中的人类的联系。我和朋友一起吃了更多的晚餐，向陌生人问了更多的问题。)”可知，在现实世界中交流能改善人们的心理健康。故选C。PassageB（共5小题，分）“Children,tomorrowIshallexpectallofyoutowritepositions,”saidateacherofLoveLaneSchool.“Then,onFridaythosewhohavedonethebestmaystandupandreadtheirpositionstotheschool.”Someofthechildrenwerepleased,andsomewerenot.“Whatshallwewriteabout?”theyasked.Someofthemthoughtthat“Home”wasagoodsubject.Othersliked“School”.Onelittleboychose“TheHorse”.Alittlegirlsaidshewouldwriteabout“Summer”.Thenextday,everypupilexceptHenryLongfellowhadwrittenaposition.“Well,then,”saidtheteacher,“youmaytakeyournotebookandgooutbehindtheschoolhouseforhalfanhour.Thinkofsomethingtowriteabout,andwritethewordonyournotebook.Thentrytotellwhatitis,whatitislike,whatitisgoodfor,andwhatisdonewithit.Thatisthewaytowriteaposition.”Henrytookhisnotebookandwentout.JustbehindtheschoolhousewasMr.Finney’sbarn.Quiteclosetothebarnwasagarden.Andinthegarden,Henrysawaturnip(萝卜).“Well,Iknowwhatthatis,”hesaidtohimselfandhewrotethewordturniponhisnotebook.Thenhetriedtotellwhatitwaslike,whatitwasgoodfor,andwhatwasdonewithit.Withinhalfanhour,hehadwrittenaveryneatpositiononhisnotebook.Hethenwentintothehouse,andwaitedwhiletheteacherreadit.Theteacherwassurprisedandpleased.Hesaid,“HenryLongfellow,youhavedoneverywell.Todayyoumaystandupbeforetheschoolandreadwhatyouhavewrittenabouttheturnip.”Manyyearsafterthat,somefunnylittlepoemsaboutMr.Finney’sturnipwereprintedinanewspaper.SomepeoplesaidthattheywerewhatHenryLongfellowwroteonhisnotebookthatdayatschool.13.Somestudentswerenotpleasedprobablybecause________.A.theteacherwouldnotreadtheirpositions B.theydidworsethanotherstudentsatschoolC.theydidn’tknowwhattowriteabouttheposition D.theywouldhavenotimetoenjoythemselvesatall14.Thesecondparagraphismainlytotellusthat________.A.Henrywasalazyboy B.studentswrotepositionsondifferenttopicsC.otherstudentswasclevererthanHenry D.Henrywouldliketostandoutsidealone15.WhydidtheteacheraskHenrytostandbehindtheschoolhouse?A.Towriteaposition. B.Topunishhimseriously.C.Tohaveagoodtime. D.TohelpMr.Finney.16.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofHenry’sposition?A.Noonelikedit. B.Itstopicwasverystrangetopeople.C.Henrywroteitespeciallyforanewspaper. D.Itwasbetterthanotherstudents’positions.17.WecanlearnfromHenry’sstorythat________.A.actionsspeaklouderthanwords B.goodworksefromdiscoveryoflifeC.allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy D.afriendwithoutmistakesisneverfound【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.D17.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要通过老师让HenryLongfellow到校舍后面自己观察和思考写作文的故事告诉我们，好的作品来自对生活的发现。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Someofthechildrenwerepleased,andsomewerenot.“Whatshallwewriteabout?”theyasked.(有些孩子很高兴，有些孩子不高兴。“我们应该写些什么？”他们问道。)”可知，有些学生不高兴可能是因为他们不知道该写什么作文。故选C项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Someofthemthoughtthat“Home”wasagoodsubject.Othersliked“School”.Onelittleboychose“TheHorse”.Alittlegirlsaidshewouldwriteabout“Summer”.(他们中的一些人认为“家”是一个好主题。另一些人喜欢“学校”。一个小男孩选择了“马”。一位小女孩说她会写“夏天”。)”可知，第二段主要是告诉我们学生们写关于不同主题的作文。故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Well,then,”saidtheteacher,“youmaytakeyournotebookandgooutbehindtheschoolhouseforhalfanhour.Thinkofsomethingtowriteabout,andwritethewordonyournotebook.Thentrytotellwhatitis,whatitislike,whatitisgoodfor,andwhatisdonewithit.Thatisthewaytowriteaposition.”(“好吧，那么，”老师说，“你可以带着你的笔记本到校舍后面去半个小时。想一些要写的东西，把它写在笔记本上。然后试着说出它是什么，它是什么样子的，它有什么好处，以及用它做了什么。这就是写作文的方法。”)”可知，老师要Henry站在校舍后面是为了让他写一篇作文。故选A项。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Then,onFridaythosewhohavedonethebestmaystandupandreadtheirpositionstotheschool.(然后，在周五，那些表现最好的孩子可以站起来给学校读作文。)”第和七段“Theteacherwassurprisedandpleased.Hesaid,“HenryLongfellow,youhavedoneverywell.Todayyoumaystandupbeforetheschoolandreadwhatyouhavewrittenabouttheturnip.”(老师既惊讶又高兴。他说：“亨利·朗费罗，你做得很好。今天你可以站在学校面前，读你写的关于萝卜的文章。”)”可知，亨利的作文应该比其他学生的作文好。故选D项。【17题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过老师让HenryLongfellow到校舍后面自己观察和思考写作文的故事告诉我们，好的作品来自对生活的发现。故选B项。PassageC（共5小题，分）Theworldisfullofscreens.TheyareonTVs,putersandsmartphones.Screensareatschool,athome,andjustabouteverywhereinbetween.Thetimepeoplespendeverydaylookingatscreensisknownas“screentime.”Mostfamilieshaverulesabouthowmuchtimechildrencanspendwithscreens.Whydotheyhaverules?Aretheregoodreasonstolimitscreentime?Inmanyways,screensarehelpfulformunicationandconnectingwithotherpeople.Socialmediaandvideocallsallowpeopletobealwaysintouchwithoneanother.________Bysharingandmentingonvideos,photos,gamesormusic,peoplecanmeetotherswhohavesimilarinterests.However,someadultsareworriedthatyoungpeoplespendtoomuchtimeonscreensandnotenoughtimemeetingpeopleinreallife.Asaresult,theymaynotproperlyunderstandfeelingsordevelopstrongrelationships.Manykindsofscreentimemaybegoodforstudents.Studentsmayusescreentimetodeveloptheirskillsincreatingmusicorvideos.Theymayevenlearnskillssuchascoding(编程)puterprograms.Whenstudentsusetheirscreentimetodoresearchonline,theymaymeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromthemorideastheyhaveneverthoughtaboutbefore.However,someresearchersthinkthatscreenschangehowthebrainprocessesinformation.Somehavelinked(连接)screentimetolowertestscoresorlessattentiontime.Inthefuture,scientistswillcontinuestudyingtheeffectsofscreentime.Parentswilllikelycontinuetomakeruleslimitingscreentime.Plentyofgoodthingscanefromallthisscreentime,butit’sagoodideaforpeopletopayattentiontohowmuchtimeinadaytheyspendlookingatascreen.Theyshouldknowhowscreentimeinfluencestheirhealth,relationships,andlearning.18.Choosethebestsentencetofillintheblank“________”inParagraph2.A.Peoplecreatevideosandphotoswiththeirscreentime.B.Peoplespendtoomuchtimesharingphotosandvideos.C.Screentimecanalsohelppeoplebuildnewrelationships.D.Screentimeencouragespeopletomeetfriendsinreallife.19.Whichgroupofscreentimeactivitieswould“coding”belongto?A.Socialmedia. B.LearningSkills.C.PlayingGames. D.Researchingonline.20.What’stheauthor’sopiniononscreentime?A.Itshouldbeincreased. B.ItshouldnotbelimitedC.Itshouldbemadegooduseof. D.Itshouldnotbeallowedatschool.21.Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.22.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatIsScreenTime? B.ScreenTimeandLearning.C.ScreenTime:GoodorBad? D.ScreenTimeandSocialLife.【答案】18.C19.B20.C21.D22.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代社会中屏幕时间的问题。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Inmanyways,screensarehelpfulformunicationandconnectingwithotherpeople.Socialmediaandvideocallsallowpeopletobealwaysintouchwithoneanother.(在许多方面，屏幕有助于与他人交流和联系。社交媒体和视频通话使人们能够始终保持联系。)”和“Bysharingandmentingonvideos,photos,gamesormusic,peoplecanmeetotherswhohavesimilarinterests.(通过分享和评论视频、照片、游戏或音乐，人们可以遇到有相似兴趣的人。)”可推断，屏幕时间也可以帮助人们建立新的关系。故选C。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theymayevenlearnskillssuchascoding(编程)puterprograms.(他们甚至可以学习诸如编写计算机程序之类的技能。)”可知，编程属于学习技能这组屏幕时间活动。故选B。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Plentyofgoodthingscanefromallthisscreentime,butit'sagoodideaforpeopletopayattentiontohowmuchtimeinadaytheyspendlookingatascreen.(看屏幕的时间可以带来很多好处，但人们最好注意一下自己一天看屏幕的时间。)”可推断，作者对屏幕时间的看法是应该好好利用。故选C。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段提出问题“Aretheregoodreasonstolimitscreentime?(限制看屏幕的时间有什么好的理由吗？)”，第二段和第四段讨论了屏幕时间的优点，第三段和第五段讨论了屏幕时间的缺点。第六段总结要合理利用屏幕时间。故文章的结构为总→分→总结构，故选D。【22题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段“Inthefuture,scientistswillcontinuestudyingtheeffectsofscreentime.(未来，科学家将继续研究屏幕时间的影响。)”及全文可知，本文主要讨论了现代社会中屏幕时间时长优缺点的问题。故最佳标题应为“ScreenTime:GoodorBad?(屏幕时间：好还是坏？)”故选C。PassageD（共4小题，10分）ScientistsatPurdueUniversitycreatedtheworld’swhitestpaint—adiscoverythatnotonlyaddsyetanotherchoicetothe“whichwhiteshouldwepaintthiswall”dilemma,butalsomighthelptheclimatecrisis.ThepaintwasdevelopedbyPurduemechanicalengineeringprofessorXiulinRuanandhisteam.Itworksthroughapassivecoolingtechnologythatoffersgreatpromisestoreducespacecoolingcostandglobalwarming.“Whenwestartedthisprojectsevenyearsago,wehadsavingenergyandfightingclimatechangeinmind,”Ruansaidinapodeast(播客)episodeofThisIsPurdue.Theywantedtocreateapaintthatwouldreflectsunlightawayfromabuilding,dramaticallydecreasingtheneedforairconditioning.Heating,cooling,andlightingaccountfor28percentoftheworld’stotalgreenhousegasemissions.Andoverusingairconditioningcanoverwhelmacity’spowergridandcauseblackouts(停电).InaQueensblackoutin2006,175,000peoplewereleftwithoutpower,whichleadto40deaths.Thispaintcouldeffectivelybeanalternativetoairconditionersinsomeplaces.Thepaintreflects98.1%ofsolarradiationwhilealsogivingoutinfrared(红外线的)heat.Becausethepainttakesinlessheatfromthesunthanitgivesout,asurfacecoatedwiththispaintiscooledbelowthesurroundingtemperaturewithoutusingpower.Coveringaroofareaof1,000squarefeetwiththepaintcouldcreate10kilowattsofcoolingpower,theresearchersfound.“That’smorepowerfulthantheairconditionersusedbymosthouses,”RuantoldThisIsPurdue.Youcan’tbuythepaintjustyet,butresearchersarepartneringwithapanytoputthepaintonthemarket.Whileindividualactiontofightelimatechangecanhelpsaveourplanet,it’simportanttonotethatthevastmajorityoftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissionscanbetracedbackto100panies.Maybewecandouse(浇)thosepanieswiththiswhitepaint,too—itcouldbeworthashot.23.Whatisknownaboutthepaint?A.Ithasdifferentcolors. B.Itdoesn’tcostmuch.C.Itusesheatingtechnology. D.Itisclimatefriendly.24.WhatistheQueensblackoutmentionedtoshow?A.Thepoormanagementofpower. B.Thesignificanceofthepaint.C.Theimportanceofairconditioning. D.Theresultofglobalwarming.25.WhichaspectofthepaintistalkedaboutinParagraph4?A.Itsapplication. B.Itsfunction.C.Itsposition. D.Itsdisadvantage.26.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Thequalityofthepaintneedsimproving.B.Thepaintwillbringprofitstothe100panies.C.Researcherswanttoseethepaintinmercialuse.D.Individualeffortsmatterincreatingthewhitestpaint.【答案】23.D24.B25.B26.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了普渡大学的科学家们创造了世界上最白的涂料——这一发现不仅为“我们应该把这面墙涂成哪种白色”的困境增加了另一个选择，而且可能有助于解决气候危机。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThepaintwasdevelopedbyPurduemechanicalengineeringprofessorXiulinRuanandhisteam.Itworksthroughapassivecoolingtechnologythatoffersgreatpromisestoreducespacecoolingcostandglobalwarming.”（这种涂料是由普渡大学机械工程教授阮秀林和他的团队开发的。它的工作原理是一种被动冷却技术，这种技术很有希望降低空间冷却成本和全球变暖。）可知，关于涂料我们知道它是气候友好型的。故选D项。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“InaQueensblackoutin2006,175,000peoplewereleftwithoutpower,whichleadto40deaths.Thispaintcouldeffectivelybeanalternativetoairconditionersinsomeplaces.”（在2006年皇后区的一次大停电中，万人没有电，导致40人死亡。在一些地方，这种涂料可以有效地替代空调。）可推知，皇后区停电事件是为了说明涂料的意义。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thepaintreflects98.1%ofsolarradiationwhilealsogivingoutinfrared(红外线的)heat.Becausethepainttakesinlessheatfromthesunthanitgivesout,asurfacecoatedwiththispaintiscooledbelowthesurroundingtemperaturewithoutusingpower.Coveringaroofareaof1,000squarefeetwiththepaintcouldcreate10kilowattsofcoolingpower,theresearchersfound.“That’smorepowerfulthantheairconditionersusedbymosthouses,”RuantoldThisIsPurdue.”（这种涂料能反射98.1%的太阳辐射，同时还能发出红外线。由于这种涂料从太阳吸收的热量比散发的热量少，涂上这种涂料的表面可以在不使用电力的情况下冷却到周围温度以下。研究人员发现，用这种涂料覆盖1000平方英尺的屋顶可以产生10千瓦的冷却功率。“这比大多数家庭使用的空调更强大，”阮告诉ThisIsPurdue。）可知，第4段主要谈论了涂料的功能方面的内容。故选B项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Youcan’tbuythepaintjustyet,butresearchersarepartneringwithapanytoputthepaintonthemarket.Whileindividualactiontofightelimatechangecanhelpsaveourplanet,it’simportanttonotethatthevastmajorityoftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissionscanbetracedbackto100panies.Maybewecandouse(浇)thosepanieswiththiswhitepaint,too—itcouldbeworthashot.”（你现在还不能买到这种涂料，但研究人员正在与一家公司合作，将这种涂料推向市场。虽然个人行动对抗气候变化可以帮助拯救我们的地球，但重要的是要注意，世界上绝大多数温室气体排放可以追溯到100家公司。也许我们可以把这些公司也涂上这种白漆——值得一试。）可推知，从最后一段可以得知研究人员希望看到这种涂料在商业上的应用。故选C项。PassageE（共4小题，10分）Tetraplegicpaticnts(thosewhocan’tmovetheirupperorlowerbody)areprisonersoftheirownbodies.Nowarobotarmistohelptheminteractwiththeirworld.ThisresearchwaspletedbyresearchersattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyLausanne(EPFL).ProfessorAudeBillardandJosedelR.Millanworkedtogethertocreateaputerprogramthatcancontrolarobotusingelectricalsignalsfromapatient’sbrain.First,theuserwearsanEEGcaptohavetheirelectricalsignalsinsidetheirbrainscanned(扫描)effectively,whicharetheninterpretedbythemachinelearningalgorithm(算法).Theputerthensendssignalstotherobotarmtodeterminehowitmoves.Astherobotarmperformsamotion,thealgorithmislookingtogetfeedbackfromtheuserwhenitmakesamistake:perhapsitmovedtoofast,ortooviolently.Theendgoalisthattherobotcanlearntherightmovementsforataskinagivencontext.Forexample,youmightwantthearmtouseabitofforcetothrowapaperball,butyoumightwantittobegentlerwhenputtingglassbottles.Intheteam’sresearch,theytrainedtherobotarmtopickupaglass.Thearmwouldmovetowardstheglassandtheuser’sbrainwoulddecideiftheyfeltitwastoocloseortoofaraway.Theprocessisrepeateduntiltherobotunderstandstheoptimalroutefortheindividual’spreferencenottooclosetobeariskbutnotsofarawaytowastemovement.“Traininganalgorithmtoreadbrainwavesinaconsistentfashionwasthemostchallengingpart,becausethebrainisnotonlyfocusedonthehandbutalsoprocessingmanyotherthings,”saidMillan.“Thismeansouralgorithmwillneverbe100%accurate.”Theresearchershopetoeventuallyusetheiralgorithmtocontrolwheelchairs,whichwouldallowpeopleinwheelchairstohavegreatercontrolovertheirmovements,speedsandgeneralsafety.However,thisdoesrequireconsistencyovertimetothealgorithm.27.Whichparagraphmentionstheworkingprocess?A.Paragraph1. B.Paragraph2. C.Paragraph3. D.Paragraph4.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimal”inparagraph3mean?A.Indirect. B.Best. C.Regular. D.Alternative.29Howcantheaccuracyofreadingbrainwavesbeimproved?A.Bycontrollingpeople’sbrain. B.Byensuringgeneralsafety.C.Byprocessingotherinformation. D.Bygainingdatacontinuously.30.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Thisrobotarmcanreadyourmind.B.Robotarmscontrolyourmovement.C.Algorithmfindscureforthedisabled.D.Machinelearningalgorithmcantrainrobots.【答案】27.B28.B29.D30.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究，为了帮助四肢瘫痪的患者，科学家们发明了机器人手臂，患者可以用大脑电信号控制机器人手臂。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“First,theuserwearsanEEGcaptohavetheirelectricalsignalsinsidetheirbrainscanned(扫描)effectively,whicharetheninterpretedbythemachinelearningalgorithm(算法).Theputerthensendssignalstotherobotarmtodeterminehowitmoves.Astherobotarmperformsamotion,thealgorithmislookingtogetfeedbackfromtheuserwhenitmakesamistake:perhapsitmovedtoofast,ortooviolently.Theendgoalisthattherobotcanlearntherightmovementsforataskinagivencontext.(首先，用户戴上脑电图帽，有效地扫描他们大脑中的电信号，然后由机器学习算法解释)。然后，计算机向机器人手臂发送信号，以确定它如何移动。当机器人手臂执行一个动作时，算法会在它犯错误时从用户那里得到反馈:可能移动得太快或太剧烈。最终目标是机器人能够在给定的环境中学习完成任务的正确动作。)”可知，第二段描述了机器人手臂的操作流程。故选B。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词后半句“nottooclosetobeariskbutnotsofarawaytowastemovement.(既不会太近而有风险，又不会太远而浪费移动时间。)”可知，最终机器人会了解到适合个体偏好的最佳路线。所以optimal为“最佳的”之意。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theresearchershopetoeventuallyusetheiralgorithmtocontrolwheelchairs,whichwouldallowpeopleinwheelchairstohavegreatercontrolovertheirmovements,speedsandgeneralsafety.(研究人员希望最终能使用他们的算法来控制轮椅，这样坐轮椅的人就能更好地控制自己的行动、速度和总体安全。)”可推断，他们是通过不断获得数据来提高准确性的。故选D。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nowarobotarmistohelptheminteractwiththeirworld.ThisresearchwaspletedbyresearchersattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyLausanne(EPFL).ProfessorAudeBillardandJosedelR.Millanworkedtogethertocreateaputerprogramthatcancontrolarobotusingelectricalsignalsfromapatient’sbrain.(现在，机器人手臂可以帮助他们与自己的世界进行互动。这项研究由瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院(EPFL)的研究人员完成。AudeBillard教授和JosedelR.Millan教授合作开发了一个计算机程序，该程序可以利用病人大脑的电信号来控制机器人。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项新的研究，为了帮助四肢瘫痪的患者，科学家们发明了机器人手臂，患者可以用大脑电信号控制机器人手臂。所以“Thisrobotarmcanreadyourmind.(这个机器人手臂能读心术。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。PassageF（共4小题，10分）Sittinginthegardenformyfriend’sbirthday.Ifeltabuzz(振动)inmypocket.MyheartracedwhenIsawtheemailsender’sname.Theemailstartedoff:“DearMrGreen,thankyouforyourinterest”and“thereviewprocesstooklongerthanexpected.”Itendedwith“Wearesorrytoinformyou…”andmyvisionblurred(模糊).Theposition—measuringsoilqualityintheSaharaDesertaspartofanundergraduateresearchprogramme—hadfeltliketheanswerIhadspentyearslookingfor.Ihadputsomuchtimeandemotionalenergyintoapplying,andIthoughttherejectionmeanttheendoftheroadformysciencecareer.SoIwasshockedwhen,notlongaftertheemail,ProfessorMaryDevon,whowasrunningtheprogramme,invitedmetoobservetheworkbeingdoneinherlab.Ijumpedatthechance,andafewweekslaterIwasequallyshocked—andoverjoyed—whensheinvitedmetotalkwithheraboutpotentialprojectsIcouldpursueinherlab.Whatsheproposeddidn’tseemasexcitingastheoriginalprojectIhadappliedto,butIwasgoingtogiveitmyall.Ifoundmyselfworkingwitharoboticsprofessorontechniquesforcollectingdatafromthedesertremotely.Thatproject,whichIcouldpletefrommysofainsteadofintheburningheatofthedesert,notonlysurvivedthelockdownbutworkedwheretraditionalmethodsdidn’t.Intheend,Ihadanewscientificinteresttopursue.WhenIappliedtograduateschool,Ifoundthreeprogrammespromisingtoallowmetofollowmydesiredresearchdirection.AndIappliedwiththesameanxiousexcitementasbefore.WhenIwasrejectedfromonethathadseemedlikeaperfectfit,itwasundoubtedlydifficult.ButthistimeIhadtheperspective(视角)tokeepitfromsendingmeintopanic.IthelpedthatintheendIwasacceptedintooneoftheotherprogrammesIwasalsoexcitedabout.Ratherthansettingplansinstone,I’velearnedthatsometimesIneedtotaketheopportunitiesthatareoffered,eveniftheydon’tsoundperfectatthetime,andmakethemostofthem.31.Howdidtheauthorfeeluponseeingtheemailsender’sname?A.Anxious. B.Angry. C.Surprised. D.Settled.32.AftertalkingwithProfessorDevon,theauthordecidedto________.A.criticisethereviewprocess B.staylongerintheSaharaDesertC.applytotheoriginalprojectagain D.puthisheartandsoulintothelabwork33.Accordingtotheauthor,theprojectwiththeroboticsprofessorwas________.A.demanding B.inspiring C.misleading D.amusing34.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Aninvitationisareputation. B.Aninnovationisaresolution.C.Arejectioncanbearedirection. D.Areflectioncanbearestriction.【答案】31.A32.D33.B34.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章中作者结合自己被拒绝后得到了更好的职业发展机会，告诉我们最初的拒绝给予了更好的方向。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“MyheartracedwhenIsawtheemailsender’sname.Theemailstartedoff:“DearMrGreen,thankyouforyourinterest”and“thereviewprocesstooklongerthanexpected.”Itendedwith“Wearesorrytoinformyou…”andmyvisionblurred(模糊).(当我看到邮件发件人的名字时，我的心跳加速了。这封邮件是这样开头的：“亲爱的格林先生，感谢您的关注”，“审核过程比预期的要长。”信的结尾是“我们很抱歉地通知你……”，我的视线模糊了)”可知，收到的是被拒绝的邮件，所以推测作者在看到电子邮件发件人的名字时感到焦虑。故选A。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“SoIwassh