2015广东高考英语试题及答案及解析

2014年广东高考英语试题及答案解析I语言知识及应用（共两节，满分 45分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1~15各题所给的ABC和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Parents feelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Thenagain,teenagershave1 feelingabouttheirparents,sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch,themostcommon2 betweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand,parents gomadover3 rooms,clothers thrownonthefloorandtheirchildren'srefusaltohelpwiththe4 .Ontheotherhand,teenagerslosetheirpatieneecontinually whenparentsblamethemfor5 thetowelinthebathroom,notcleaningtheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesuppermarket.Theresearch,conductedbySt.GeorgeUniversity, showsthatdifferent parentshavedifferent6 totheseproblems.Howeversomeapproachesaremore7 thanothers.Forexample,thosesparentswhoyellattheirchildrenfortheiruntidiness,but8 cleantheroomforthem,havefewerchancesofchangingtheirchildren's9 .Onthecontrary,thosewholetteeenagersexperieneethe10 oftheiractionscandobetter.Forexample,whenteenagerswhodon'thelptheirparentswiththeshoppingdon'tfindtheirfavoritedrinkintherefrigerator,theyareforcedto11 theiractions.Psychologistssaythat12 isthemostimportantthinginparent-childrelationships. Parentsshould13 totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay.Parentsmay14 theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidy buttheyshouldalso understand thattheirroomistheirownprivatespace.Communicationisatwo-wayprocess.Itonlybylisteningtoand15 eachotherthatprobemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.A.naturalA.interestA.noisyA.homeworkA.washingA.naturalA.interestA.noisyA.homeworkA.washingA.approachesstrongargumentcrowdedhouseworkusingguiltylinkmessyproblemdroppingsimilarknowledgelockedresearchreplacingB.contributionsC.introductionsD.attitudesA.complexA.laterpopularC.scientificD.successfuldeliberatelyC.seldomA.complexA.laterpopularC.scientificD.successfuldeliberatelyC.seldomD.thoroughlyA.behaviorB.tastefutureD.natureA.behaviorB.tastefutureD.natureA.failuresB.changesconsequences D.thrillsA.failuresB.changesconsequences D.thrillsA.defendB.delayA.communicationB.bondC.repeatD.reconsiderA.defendB.delayA.communicationB.bondC.repeatD.reconsiderC.friendshipD.trustA.replyB.attendA.hateB.scoldA.lovingB.observingC.attachD.talkA.replyB.attendA.hateB.scoldA.lovingB.observingC.attachD.talkC.frightenD.stopC.understandingD.praising答案及解析： （“可乐”解释）本文首先指出父母与十几岁的孩子之间存在矛盾冲突及其原因， 然后是研究发现的不同父母对此采取的不同方法，有的方法较另一些方法更有效果， 最后一段是心理学家对解决冲突的建议。D由noteasylivingwiththem（theirparents）（ 孩子觉得与父母生活在一起不易）与difficulttolivewithteenagers（ 父母觉得与十几岁的孩子生活在一起很难 ）可知，孩子与父母有“相似的”感受。 （逻辑推断）B 由前两句，可知父母之间有"矛盾"，再根据 regardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks（ 关于不整洁和日常事情），对照各选项，只有 argument（争吵）适合。（逻辑推断）C由前句的untidiness 和后面的clothesthrownonthefloor 可知，房间是messy（凌乱不堪的）。（逻辑推断；也可将untidiness与messy看作是近义复现）B 由上文提到的收拾房间之类的事，应是 housework（家务活）。（上下义复现）C由后面的notcleaninguptheirroomorrefusingtodotheshopping 可知，这里应是droppingthetowelinthebathroom ，一起为blamethem的原因。（逻辑推断，或词语同现，受责备的应都是负面的意思）A由下句的However,someapproaches提示，可知这里是指"不同的父母对待这些问题有不同的’方法’”。 （原词复现）D从下面的例子可以看出，有的方法比别的方法更能“达到预期的目的（successful）"。下文中的 dobetter也有提示作用。（逻辑推断）A指yellattheirchildren（ 对孩子大声叫喊）之后，意为“但是’后来'又为他们清扫房间”。（逻辑推断）A 改变孩子不爱整洁的“行为（behavior）”。 （逻辑推断）C 据下文所举的例子“不帮父母去买东西”“在冰箱里就找不到自己最喜欢的饮料”可知，这是让孩子“感受到自己的行为产生的’后果’”。 （逻辑推断）D 在有了上述经历之后，他们就会“重新考虑”他们的行动。 （逻辑推断）A由下文中的Communicationisatwo-wayprocess可知，此处填communication。事实上，当完成第13空后，就基本上确定此题选 A了。（原词复现）D由but可知，要选与lendanearto（=listento 倾听）相对的talk。（词语同现；逻辑推断）B由but可知，要选与understand（理解）相对的scold（责骂）。（词语同现；逻辑推断）C 此句是强调结构，是对前两句的总结，一句是说要 lendanearto（=listento倾听），一句是说要 understand（倾听），所以总结为“只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母与孩子之间的问题才可得到解决”。 （原词复现）第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 在空格处填入一个适当的词或者括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 16~25的相应位置上。Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid 16 wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.AfterourplaneIanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths 17 （early）,butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We18 （tell）thatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatweek, 19 fortheweekafter.Ididn'tunderstand 20 thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged 21 thereservation. What'sworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas 22 （surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon 23 topfloor.Wehad neverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andweweren'tchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach 24 wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle 25 （sunburn）,butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn'tmind.答案及解析：（“可乐”解释）本文是讲我和我兄弟去 Miami（迈阿密）旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的， 且该宾馆房间已订满。 正当不知如何办时， 经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的 VIP房间，且不另外收他们的钱，这真是个意外的意外。it在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的 Miami这个地方，应用itoearlier 在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，可考虑用比较级；由时态hadmade可知是“早在六个月前”就订好了。weretold由句意或tellsb.sth. 这一句型结构可知，是“我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。but 这是考虑not…but…结构，意为“不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”。why/how意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事 /这是怎样发生的”，故用why/how引导宾语从句。for因charge…for…是习惯搭配。surprisingly 因本句已有作表语的形容词 helpful，所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful，指“令人惊讶地，意外的”，故填 surprisingly 。the 特指“在顶楼”。where 先行词是地点thebeach且在定语从句中作状语，故填 where（=onwhich=andonthebeach=andthere）。sunburnt 在表示“变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词； sunburn是名词。n阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASamuelOsmondisa19-year-oldlawstudentfromCornwall,England.Heneverstudiedthepiano.However,hecanplayverydifficultmusicalpiecesbymusicianssuchasChopinandBeethovenjustafewminutesafterhehearsthem.Helearnsapieceofmusicbylisteningtoitinparts.Thenhethinksaboutthenotesinhishead.Twoyearsago,heplayedhisfirstpieceMoonlightSonata（奏鸣曲）byBeethoven.Hesurprisedeveryonearoundhim.Amazedthatherememberedthislonganddifficultpiece ofmusicandplayeditperfectly,histeacherssaySamuelisunbelievable.Theysayhisabilityisveryrare,butSamueldoesn'tevenrealizethatwhathecandoisspecial. Samuelwantedtobecomealawyerasitwasthewishofhisparents,butmusicteacherstoldhimheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now,hestudieslawandmusic.Samuelcan'tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised.“Igrewupwithmusic.Mymotherplayedthepianoandmyfatherplayedtheguitar.Abouttwoyearsago,Isuddenlydecidedtostart playingthepiano,withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwithouthavinganylessons.Itcomeseasilytome---1hearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind---eachandeverynote, ”saysSamuel.Recently,Samuelperformedapieceduringaspecialeventathiscollege.Thepiecehadmorethanathousandnotes.Theaudieneewasimpressedbyhisamazingperformanee.Heisnowlearningapiecethatissodifficultthatmanyprofessionalpianistscan'tplayit.Samuelsaysconfidently,“It'sallaboutsupermemory---IguessIhavethatgift.”However,Samuel'sabilitytorememberthingsdoesn 'tstopwithmusic.Hisfamilysaysthatevenwhenhewasayoungboy,Samuelheardsomeonereadastory,andthenhecouldretellthestorywordforword.Samuelisstillonlyateenager.Hedoesn 'tknowwhathewantstodointhefuture.Fornow,heisjusthappytoplaybeautifulmusicandcontinuehisstudies.WhatisspecialaboutSamuelOsmond?Hehasagiftforwritingmusic.Hecanwritedownthenotehehears.Heisatopstudentatthelawschool.Hecanplaythemusicalpiecehehears.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?Samuelchoselawagainstthewishofhisparents.Samuelplannedtobealawyerratherthanamusician.Samuelthinksofhimselfasamanofgreatmusicalability.Samuelstudieslawandmusicontheadviceofhisteachers.EveryonearoundSamuelwassurprisedbecausehe .receivedagoodearlyeducationinmusicplayedtheguitarandthepianoperfectlycouldplaythepianowithoutreadingmusiccouldplaytheguitarbetterthanhisfatherWhatcanweinferaboutSamuelinParagraph4?Hebecamefamousduringaspecialeventathiscollege.Heisproudofhisabilitytorememberthingsaccurately.Heplaysthepianobetterthanmanyprofessionalpianists.Heimpressedtheaudieneebyplayingallthemusicalpieces.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?TheQualitiesofaMusicianTheStoryofaMusicalTalentTheImportaneeofEarlyEducationTheRelationshipbetweenMemoryandMusic.答案及解析：本文是记叙文，介绍有音乐天才的 SamuelOsmond。D细节理解题。由第一段中的 However,hecanplayverydifficultmusicalpiecesbymusicianssuchasChopinandBeethovenjustafewminutesafterhehearsthem可知选D。顺便提醒，有however或but的地方往往是出题的地方，可以注意哟。B 细节理解题。由第二段最后两句 “Samuelwantedtobecomealawyerasitwasthewishofhisparents,butmusicteacherstold himheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now,hestudieslawandmusic”可知选 B,Samuel按照父母的意愿是想做律师的，而不是做音乐家。因按父母的意愿是学法律，按老师的建议学音乐，故 D错。C 综合细节题。由第三段最一句 Samuelcan'tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised禾口第三四句 “Isuddenlydecidedtostartplayingthepiano,withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwithouthavinganylessons.Itcomeseasilytome---Ihearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind--- eachandeverynote”可知，他不用看音符就能演奏钢琴，故选GB 推断隐含意义。由第四段最后一句Samuelsaysconfidently, “It'sallaboutsupermemory---IguessIhavethatgift. ”可推出。B 选择标题题。也属主旨要义题。每段都有 Samuel，全文都是说学法津的 Samuel有音乐天才。BItwasacoldwinterday.AwomandroveuptotheRainbowBridgetollbooth（ 收费站）. “I'mpayingformyself,andforthesixcarsbehindme, ”shesaidwithasmile,handingoverseventickets. Oneafteranother,thenextsixdriversarrivingatthetollboothwereinformed, “Someladyupaheadalreadypaidyourfare.”Itturnedoutthatthewoman,NatalieSmith,hadreadsomethingon afriend'srefrigerator: “Practicerandomkindnessandsenselessactsofbeauty.”Thephraseimpressedhersomuchthatshecopieditdown.JudyForemanspottedthesamephraseonawarehousewallfarawayfromhome.Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown. “Ithoughtitwasbeautiful, ”shesaid,explainingwhyshe'dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters,“likeamessagefromabove.”Herhusband,Frank,likedthephrasesomuchthatheputitupontheclassroomwallforhisstudents,oneofwhomwasthedaughterofAliceJohnson,alocalnewsreporter.Aliceputitinthenewspaper,admittingthatthoughshelikedit,shedidn'tknowwhereitcamefromorwhatitreallymeant.Twodayslater,AlicegotacallfromAnneHerbert,awomanlivinginMarin.ItwasinarestaurantthatAnnewrotethephrasedownonapieceofpaper,afterturningitaroundinhermindfordays.“Here'stheidea,”Annesays.“Anythingyouthinkthereshouldbemoreof,doitrandomly.”Herfantasiesincludepainting theclassroomsofshabbyschools,leavinghotmealsonkitchentablesinthepoorpartoftown,andgivingmoneysecretlytoaproudoldlady.Annesays, “Kindnesscanbuildonitselfasmuchasvioleneecan.”Theactsofrandomkindnessspread.Ifyouwereoneofthosedriverswhofoundyourfarepaid,whoknowswhatyoumighthavebeeninspiredtodoforsomeoneelselater.Likeallgreatevents,kindnessbeginsslowly,witheverysingleact.Letitbeyours!WhydidNatalieSmithpayforthesixcarsbehindher?Sheknewthecardriverswell.B.Shewantedtoshowkindness.C.Shehopedtopleaseothers.D.Shehadseventickets.JudyForemancopieddownthephrasebecauseshe .thoughtitwasbeautifullywrittenwantedtoknowwhatitreallymeantdecidedtowriteitonawarehousewallwantedherhusbandtoputitupintheclassroomWhocameupwiththephraseaccordingtothepassage?JudyForeman.B.NatalieSmith.C.AliceJohnson.D.AnneHerbert.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisclosestinthemeaningtotheunderlinedsentenceabove?Kindnessandvioleneecanchangetheworld.Kindnessandvioleneecanaffec tone'sbehavior.Kindnessandvioleneecan