高中英语(外研版)必修三课件：Module-3-Period-3-Grammar-语法专题课-探究导学课型

Module3

TheViolenceofNaturePeriod3

Grammar语法专题课过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语Module3TheViolenceofNatur高中英语(外研版)必修三课件：Module-3-Period-3-Grammar-语法专题课-探究导学课型Ⅰ.过去完成时的被动语态【课前热身】用所给词的正确形式填空①Bythetimethetornadoended,morethan700people______________(kill).②CoghlantravelledbacktoCanada—afterhe_______________(bury)inTexas.

hadbeenkilledhadbeenburiedⅠ.过去完成时的被动语态hadbeenkilledha③Shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniture_______________(ruin)bytheflood.④Whenhewokeup,hefoundhishouse_________________(destroy)bythethunderstorm.hadbeenruinedhadbeendestroyed③Shereturnedhomeandfounda【课堂诠解】过去完成时的被动结构由“hadbeen+过去分词”构成,表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的被动的动作,句中常用by,before,until,when等词引导时间状语。【课堂诠解】过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况:1.主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。常用于before,bythetime,until,when,after,once,assoonas等引导的状语从句中谓语动词是一般过去时,以及by,before,until+过去的时间点。过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况:①Bytheendoflastyear,20,000cars__________________.到去年年末,(该厂)已经生产了两万辆轿车。②Theclassroom__________________beforetheteachercame.老师来之前,教室还没有打扫。hadbeenproducedhadn’tbeencleaned①Bytheendoflastyear,20,③Howmanybuildings__________________whenthehurricaneended?飓风结束时有多少建筑被毁?④Allofthedishes________________tillthen.到那时盘子全部洗完了。hadbeendestroyedhadbeenwashed③Howmanybuildings_________2.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作时,用过去完成时。①Theysaidtheproductioncosts________________.他们说生产成本降低了。②Iwastoldthatthebook____________intheroom.我被告知把那本书落在那个房间里了。hadbeenreducedhadbeenleft2.在told,said,knew,heard,t3.根据语意可以判断出动作先后的用过去完成时。(用所给词的正确形式填空)①Asthework_____________(do),hebegantowatchTV.②Thegirldidwhatshe____________(tell)to.hadbeendonehadbeentold3.根据语意可以判断出动作先后的用过去完成时。hadbeⅡ.间接引语【课前热身】将下列句子中直接引语转化为间接引语①Tomsaid,“Iwanttogoshopping.”→Tomsaid(that)__________togoshopping.②Thegirlaskedme,“Canyouhelpme?”→Thegirlaskedme___couldhelp___.

hewantedifIherⅡ.间接引语hewantedifIher③Iaskedtheboy,“Whyareyoulateagain?”→Iaskedtheboy____he____lateagain.④Hesaidtome,“Shutthewindow,please.”→Hetoldme______thewindow.whywastoshut③Iaskedtheboy,“Whyareyou【课堂诠解】直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。将直接引语改为间接引语时,人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语作相应的变化。【课堂诠解】1.直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时由连词that引导。①Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaid______________verymuch.他说他非常喜欢它。②Hesaid,“Youtoldmethisstory.”→Hesaidthat_____________thatstory.他说我给他讲过那个故事。thathelikeditIhadtoldhim1.直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时由连词that引th【名师指津】口语中that可以省略;that从句之前常用say,tell等动词。2.直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时变成if/whether引导的宾语从句。①Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”→HeaskedJohn_________hecouldswim.他问约翰是否会游泳。if/whether【名师指津】if/whether②Iaskedhim,“Willyoustayathomeorgotoseeafilmtonight?”→Iaskedhim________hewouldstayathome__gotoseeafilmthatnight.我问他那天晚上他是待在家里还是去看电影。whetheror②Iaskedhim,“Willyoustaya【名师指津】大多数情况下if和whether引导宾语从句时可以互换,但后紧跟ornot时,一般用whether。【名师指津】3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为由who,what,when,where,why,how等疑问词引导的宾语从句(但注意从句须是陈述语序)。①Hesaid,“WhereisMrWang?”→Heasked___________________.他问王先生在哪里。whereMrWangwas3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为由②Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”→Heaskedhismother_________________it.他问他妈妈是怎么找到它的。howshehadfound②Heasked,“Howdidyoufindi4.直接引语是祈使句,变为“主语+ask/order/tell/beg等+宾语+宾语补足语(动词不定式)”这一句型。①Theteachersaid,“Listentomecarefully.”→Theteacher____us__listentohercarefully.老师告诉我们认真听她讲。toldto4.直接引语是祈使句,变为“主语+ask/order/t②“Don’ttouchanythinginthelab.”theteachersaidtous.→Theteacher____us_____touchanythinginthelab.老师告诉我们不要动实验室里的任何东西。toldnotto②“Don’ttouchanythinginthe【巧学助记】人称的变化一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。即直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语,第二人称取决于主句的宾语,第三人称一般不变。【巧学助记】人称的变化*Hesaid,“I’mforty.”→Hesaidthathewasforty.(一随主)*Shesaidtome,“Yourpronunciationisbetterthanmine.”→Shetoldmethatmypronunciationwasbetterthanhers.(二随宾)*Theysaid,“IseverythingOK?”→TheyaskedifeverythingwasOK.(第三人称不更新)*Hesaid,“I’mforty.”5.直接引语变间接引语时,如果谓语动词是过去式,时态的变化如下:直接引语的时态间接引语的时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时5.直接引语变间接引语时,如果谓语动词是过去式,时态的注意:情态动词也作相应改变:can→could;may→might;must→must/hadto①Hesaid,“IusuallywatchTVonSunday.”→Hesaidthatheusually________TVonSunday.②Hesaid,“I’musingtheknife.”→Hesaidthathe_________theknife.watchedwasusing注意:情态动词也作相应改变:can→could;may③Hesaid,“I’llgiveyouanexaminationnextMonday.”→Hetoldusthathe__________usanexaminationthenextMonday.④Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”→Hesaidthat____________tohelpme.⑤Shesaid,“IhavenotheardfromhimsinceMay.”→Shesaidthatshe_____________fromhimsinceMay.wouldgivehehadcomehadnotheard③Hesaid,“I’llgiveyouanex⑥Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”→Hesaidthathe___________hishomeworkbeforesupper.⑦Hesaid,“Iwenttocollegein1994.”→Hetoldusthathe_____tocollegein1994.hadfinishedwent⑥Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyh⑧Ourteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”→Ourteachertoldusthatlight______fasterthansound.travels⑧Ourteachersaidtous,“Ligh【名师指津】(1)直接引语是客观事