BEC H 真题辑2 Test2阅读解析

人邮第二辑真题TEST4READINGPART1

1、Successfulleadershipinvolvesmakingsurethatemployeesacceptnewideas.

2、Agoodleadercanbringsuccesstoacompanyindifficulties

3、Leadersshouldbeassessedonthebasisoftheirachievements

4、Thepersonalitiesofgoodleadersaregenerallydifferentfromthoseofothermanagers

5、Patienceisavaluablequalityinasuccessfulleader

6、Leadersconsiderpotentialchangesinwhattheircompanydoesforothers

7、Goodleaderswillencouragetheirstaffiftheirorganizationisindifficulties

8、Leadersneedtoadapttheirbehaviourtosuitdifferentcircumstances

AMaurizioVerna

Long-term,visionarybusinessleadersmustbepreparedtoinvesttogetwhattheywantfortheircompany.Theyknowwhenandhowtoapplypressureandtotakerisks,whentheyneedtodisplayamorehands-offapproach.Ihaveaprettyclearviewofmyidealbusinessleader,andofcoursethat’swhereI‘mtryingtohead:heorsheshouldstartupandgrowacash-rich,multi-interestinternationalorganizationoftremendousstrengthanddepth.

BSueTucker

Thepaceoftechnologicalchange,andtherateatwhichbusinessesarechanging,requiresleaderstohaveaparticularaptitudefortechnologyandanunderstandingoftheinternet.Alotofpeopleareawareoftheopportunitieshere,butawarenessaloneisn’tenough:inatrueleaderthisneedstobecoupledwithclevermarketing,productdesignandtechnologicalinnovation,andkeepingabreastofeverythinggoingoninthecompany.Infacttheacidtest,Ithink,isbeingabletousealloftheseskillstoturnaroundafailingcompany.

CCarolGodfrey

Effectiveleadersstandoutfromtheherd.They’reoftenidiosyncratic,eveneccentric.Theyhavetheconfidencetobethemselves,andnottoadoptthelanguageandattributesoftherun-of-the-millprofessionalmanagersandaccountants.What’scrucialishavingthecharismaorwhateveritisthatgivestheirstaffconfidenceinthem,sotheycankeepeveryoneonboardwhentheywanttomakeinnovations.Sooftenthesedon’tgetoffthegroundbecauseoflackofleadership,becauseafterall,ourresponsetochangeissignificantlyaffectedbyhowit’sintroduced.

DBrianMatthews

Leadershipisaboutmakingthingshappenandbeingjudgedbyresults.Goodideasthatgonowhereareawasteoftime.Anticipateneeds-thoseofcustomersforinstance-andinitiateactiontomeetthoseneedsbeforethepeopleconcernedhaveevenrecognizedthey’vegotthem.Thatwayyou’llalwaysbeaheadofthegame,whateverlineyou’rein.Forinstance,topstockbrokerswilllearnallaboutyouandyourbusinessandkeepthemselvescompletelyuptodatewithyourfieldinordertoadviseyou.Ifthey’rereallygoodthey‘llrecognizetrendsevenbeforeyoudo.

EAnaCosta

Outstandingleadersunderstandbothtacticsandstrategy,andarepreparedtoplayaverylonggametoachievetheirobjectives.Theyunderstandthatinnegotiationstheyneedthe“win-win”concept,becauselosersrisklosingtheirdignity,whichisnogoodforyourlong-termbusinessrelationshipwiththem.Leadersmuststayoptimistic,whatevertheodds,andkeepupmoraleoftheircompany,evenwhenthegoing’stough.It’simportanttobeverymuchhands-on,too.Agoodleaderwillchampionideasthatkeepthecompanyintheforefront.

关于领导力（leadership）的文章，领导的水平对一个企业是至关重要的。

第一题，说好的领导力涉及到确保员工能接受新的观点。答案在C段：sotheycankeepeveryoneonboardwhentheywanttomakeinnovations.这里onboard的意思是：aspartofagrouporteam,especiallyforaspecialpurpose。所以这句的意思是想要变革创新的时候能保证所有人都参与其中。还有这一段的最后一句ourresponsetochangeissignificantlyaffectedbyhowit’sintroduced.变化引进的方式会严重影响我们对变化的反应。意思也就是说，你用一种什么样的方式来要求大家change，最后是会影响大家对change的态度的。那么好的领导力当然会让大家接受change。选C。

第二题，好的领导能给处于困境的公司带来成功。答案是B段的这么一句：isbeingabletousealloftheseskillstoturnaroundafailingcompany.。动用所有的技能扭转一个濒临失败边缘公司的状况。

第三题，评估领导必须以成就为基础。答案是D段的第一句话：Leadershipisaboutmakingthingshappenandbeingjudgedbyresults。以结果来评价。结果，就是所作出的贡献，就是成就（achievements）。

第四题，好的领导的素质通常是不同于其他经理们的。答案是C段的这么一句：nottoadoptthelanguageandattributesoftherun-of-the-millprofessionalmanagersandaccountants.。Run-of-the-mill是个形容词，一般性的，普通的。attribute是特性。不采用那些一般性的职业经理和会计师的言语和特质。也就是different。

第五题，耐性是个成功领导的珍贵品质。答案是E段的第一句话：Outstandingleadersunderstandbothtacticsandstrategy,andarepreparedtoplayaverylonggametoachievetheirobjectives。为了实现自己的目标，要准备打一场持久战。Playaverylonggame，需要的就是patience。（这题出的也忒绝了，考场上咋想的出来？！）

第六题，领导必须考虑公司为他人所作的可能变化。这话有点绕口，其实意思就是要考虑潜在的变化。答案是D段的这么一句：Anticipateneeds-thoseofcustomersforinstance-andinitiateactiontomeetthoseneedsbeforethepeopleconcernedhaveevenrecognizedthey’vegotthem.预测需求，在人们还没有意识到之前就采取措施来满足这些需求。Anticipateneeds，就是potentialchangesinwhattheircompanydoesforothers。

第七题，好的领导会在公司陷入困境时鼓励员工的。答案在E段，比较明显：whatevertheodds,andkeepupmoraleoftheircompany,evenwhenthegoing’stough.不管有多大的可能性，保持公司的士气，即便是在情况艰难的时候。Keepthemorale，就是encouragethestaff。

第八题，领导需要让他们的行为适应不同的情况。这题也很抽象。选A：Theyknowwhenandhowtoapplypressureandtotakerisks,whentheyneedtodisplayamorehands-offapproach.什么时候需要施加压力并且冒险，什么时候需要采用一个防守的策略。也就是根据不同的情况采用不同的措施。真是高度的抽象概括。人邮第二辑真题TEST4READINGPART2

Searchforthe“worldly–wise”companyexecutives

Thequestforinternationalmanagersisunderwayinvirtuallyeveryindustrializedeconomy,thesearchhasbeenmadeurgentbytheglobalizationofworldmarketsandthegrowthincrossbordermergersandacquisitions.(0)Manyfirmsreportbeingsostretchedthattheysimplydonothaveenoughofthehigh-qualitypeopletheyrequiretoleadtheirtheirglobalexpansion.

Othercompaniesarehavingdifficultiesreleasingexperiencedpeoplefromexistingoperationsinordertoleadnewinternationalventures.Thereareindicationsthatashorftageofinternationallyskilledpeoplemaybeanimportantconstraintonfirms’internationalambitions.(9)However,identifyingtheneedforinternationalmanagersiseasierthandevelopingthem.

Sowhatmakesaninternationalmanager?PaulEvans,aprofessoratINSEAD,theEuropeanbusinessschool,doesnotbelievethatanyparticularnationalityproducesamoreinternationalmanager.Neitherdoeshebelievethatit’samatterofhavingtheabilitytocopewithalifestylethatinvolvesworkinginMadridoneday,LondonthenextandBerlinthedayafter.(10)Rather,hebelievesthatthesecretofbeingagoodinternationalmangerisbeingcomfortablewithmanagingdiversity.

FordofEurope,whichhasencouragedthedevelopmentofinternationalmanagersformorethan20years,saysthatitsmanagersareglobally-mindedbeforetheybecomeglobaloperators.(11)acarthatyoubuyintheUK,forexample,isgoingtobethesamecarthatsellsinGermany,FinlandandPortugal,sothepeoplewhoareinvolvedinthecar’sdevelopmenthavetobeawareofthemarketrequirementsinallthosedifferentcountries.

Generally,itseemsthattheonlyeffectivewaytodevelopinternationalskillsandperspectivesisthroughdirectinternationalexperience.(12)Suchexperiencesopenpeople’smindstothefactthatthingsaredonedifferentlylesewhereandencouragesthemtothinkinawildercontext..

Formulatingeffectivestrategiesfordevelopingacompany’smanagementresourceisademandingexercise,withconflictingissuestobesolved(13)Anotherdilemmaiswhethertouselocalmanagersorexpatriates.

Therecruitmentanddevelopmentofeffectiveinternationalmanagersrequiresconsiderablefinancialresourcesandcanbehardtojustifyatbudgetmeetings.(14)however,withoutthem,companieswillcontinuetofindtheirexpansionplansfrustratedbyalackofinternationallyeffectivemanagers.

AFromthemomenttheyjointhecompany,employeesarefacedwithhavingtothinkinternationally

BThiscanbethroughinvolvementininternationaltaskforcesorthroughlivingandworkingabroad.

CShould,forexample,onlyanelitefewreceiveinternationalexperienceinpreparationfortopjobsorshoulditbeofferedtoawidergroup?

DTheseproblemsmeanthatdevelopingmanagerswhothinkandoperategloballyisabsolutelyvitalforcompaniesoperatinginforeignmarkets.

ELanguagetraining,overseasvisitsandin-housemanagementcoursesareallexpensivetoimplement.

FJet-settingbetweeninternationaloperationsmerelycreatesabusinessequivalentoftheover-packagedtourist

GCompaniesarenowemphasizingthehumanskillsinvolvedinmanagingotherpeople

HThesetrendsarepushingcompanies’existingmanagementresourcestothelimit

国际化是趋势，寻找具有国际眼光的经理成了重中之重。

开篇第一段和第二段是介绍寻找国际化的经理们的必要性和难度。人才难得。第九空的前面说的就是具备国际技能的人才短缺对公司发展的限制。第九空后面有个however，说认识到对国际化的经理们的需求远比培养他们要容易。可见空格地方说的还是对国际化人才的需要（也就是indentifyingtheneedforinternationalmanagers），选D：这些问题说明培养具有全球思维和操作能力的经理对于公司在国外市场的操作是至关重要的。Theseproblems，是指代前面说的ashortageofinternationallyskilledpeople。至关重要（vital），也就是认识到了这种需要。

第三段说国际化的经理需要哪些素质。不一定是具有某个国籍的人，也不需要能适应不同国家的生活方式（lifestyle）。成为一个好的国际化的经理的秘诀是能够应对多样性(managingdiversity)。第十空的前面列举了一些错误的想法(国籍和生活方式)，然后空格后面有个rather，表示转折，后面跟着说明真正需要的素质是什么。那么第十空的内容应该还是和前面列举的错误观点相关的。前面观点说的就是国际化的经理们要能在不同背景的国家中生活，今天马德里明天伦敦后天柏林，而事实上这并不需要。满足这个要求的选项是F，有点隐晦。选项中的jet-setting的意思是：Aninternationalsocialsetmadeupofwealthypeoplewhotravelfromonefashionableplacetoanother.富豪们乘着喷气式飞机从一个地方飞到另一个地方。所以这个选项翻译过来就是：国际操作中的喷气机旅行只是创造出了一种类似于过度包装的旅游业的商业。否定的意思。

第四段是以FORD公司来举例。该公司培养国际化的经理已经超过了20年，这些经理们在进行全球操作之前就已经具有全球的思维了（globally-minded）。第十一空后面也是举例，这些经理应该满足什么样的条件。那么总观这么一段，说的就是FORD公司对人才的培养，有什么样的要求。没有globaloperation之前就是globally-minded，说明公司从一开始就有意识的对这些人进行全球眼光的培养。第十一空选A：从这些人进公司起，就面临着怎么进行国际化的思考的问题。

第十二题，上下文稍微明显一些。空格前面说貌似最有效的培养方法是通过直接的国际化经验。空格后面有个suchexperience，说明空格地方讲的就是internationalexperience。选B，B选项里的internationaltask和livingandworkingabroad就是internationalexperience。

第十三题，这一段是讲的培养过程中的一些问题（withconflictingissuestobesolved）。空格后面有个anotherdilemma，另一个困境，到底是使用本地的经理还是外地的(localorexpatriate)。那么空格处说的也是问题。选C：是让少数精英接受国际经验，为高层的工作做准备呢，还是为一个更广泛的人群普遍提供国际经验？精英教育还是大众教育，这是个问题。这个问题和后面的localorexpatriate算是一个系列的dilemma。

第十四题，这题算是比较明显的。文章前半部分说了一堆培养上的麻烦，现在终于谈到关键点上了：钱。商业社会，利益至上。干什么都是要讲究成本的。空格前面说requireconsiderableresources，这里在预算会议上很难说清楚（justify）。空格后面一个however，虽然贵，但是是必要的。空格处的内容还是和钱有关。满足这个条件的选项是E，看到该选项中的expensive，答案就呼之欲出了。人邮第二辑真题TEST4READINGPART3

Inthelastfewyears,managersthroughoutindustryhaveseenmorechangesthanmanyofthemcouldhaveexpectedtoseeintheirentireworkingliveshavingtocommunicateinformationwhichoftenleadstofeelingsofinsecurityhasbecomeakeyactivity.Frombeingregardedasrelativelyunimportantinmanycompanies,managementemployeecommunicationhasbecomeacentralcorporateneed.

ConcordiaInternationalprovidesagoodexampleofacompanythathasadjustedwelltothechangingneedsforcommunication.since1995,Concordiahasbeenturnedinside-outandupside-down,toensurethatitisamarketing–led,customer-responsivebusiness,onethatlooksoutwardsatcustomersandcompetitors,ratherthaninwardsatitsownprocessesandthewaythingsweredoneinthepast.Inthelasteightyears,Concordiahasreduceditsworkforcebymorethan80.000people-or35%-onavoluntarybasis,withfurtherdownsizinganticipated.

Frombeinganengineeringcompany,Concordiaisnowremakingitselfasaservicecompany.Theroleofemployeecommunicationinsuchacontextistobuildpeople’sself-confidence,topersuadethemthat,althoughitisinevitablethatthechangeswillgoahead,theyalsobringwiththemnewopportunitiesforemployees.However,thisisnotaneasytask.Peopletendtobeskepticaloftheseclaimsandtofeelthattheyarelosingtouchwiththecompanytheyhaveworkedforovermanyyears.Thisisunderstandable,sincemanyoftheoldcertaintiesarebeingsweptaway,includingthecoreactivitiesofthecompanytheyworkfor.Aboveall,theyhavehadtofaceuptothefactthattheynolongerhaveajobforlife.

Researchindicatesthatpeoplerespondtothispredicamentinavarietyofways.Thebulkofemployeesfallintotwomaincategoriesintermsoftheirresponsetothenewsituation:ontheonehandtherearethe“pragmatists”andontheother“thehighlyanxious”theformerseetheirjobasameanstoanendandhavearelativelyshort-termperspective,withstrongloyaltytotheirlocalterm,ratherthanthecompanyasawhole.Thesecondcategory,usuallythemajority,mayrespondtothreatenedchangeswithafeelingofhavingbeenletdown,andevenfeelangeratthecompanyforwhattheyseeaschangingthetermsoftheiremployment.

`Theemployeecommunicationprocessneedstobecapableofaccuratelydirectingitsmessagesatavarietyofemployeegroupsanddepartmentswithintheworkforce.thisiswhymiddlemanagersandlinemanagersaresokeytocommunication.Theyarethepeoplewhoknowaboutthefullrageofconcernsamongtheworkforce.Theprobleminthepastwasthatthiscrucialareawasoftentheresponsibilityofaseparate,relativelyisolatedunit.Concordiaputsresponsibilityforcommunicationfirmlyonlinemanagers.Alltheirresearchpointstothesameconclusion:peopleprefertogettheirinformationface-to-facefromtheirlinemanagers.Thatisthekeyrelationshipandwhereargumentsandheartsandminds–arelost.

Thegeneralruleincompanycommunicationistotellemployeesasmuchasyoucanassoonasyoucan.Ifyoucan’tprovidedetails,thenatleastputthenewsincontextandcommityourselftoprovidinggreaterdetailwhenitbecomesavailableanotherruleofcompanycommunicationisthattheremustbeafitbetweenwhatthecompanyistellingitsemployeesandwhatitistellingitsshareholders.

15Inthelasteightyears,Concordiahas

Amadeover80.000employeesreduncdant

Bcompletedaperiodofdownsizing

Creduceditsworkforceof80.000by35%

Dgiven35%ofdepartingemployeesvoluntaryredundancy

16FromConcordia’spointofview,theroleofcommunicationisto

Awinemployeesupportbeforegoingaheadwiththechanges

Bchangethecompany’scoreactivities.

Cemphasisethepositiveaspectsofthechanges

Dexplaintheneedforthechanges17whatdoesresearchshowaboutmostemployees’responsetochange?

Atheyexpectittohaveabadeffectonthecompany

Btheyfeelcompletelypowerless

Ctheybecomelessloyal

Dtheyfelltheyhavebeentreatedunfairly

18Concordia’scommunicationprocessmainlyrelieson

Aprintedcommunication

Bdepartmentalheads

Cpersonalcommunication

Daseparate,specializedunit

19Accordingtothewriter,whatistheguidingprincipleaboutgivinginformationwithinanorganization?

ANevermakepromisesaboutfuturedevelopments

BGivepeopleanoverallviewattheearliestpossiblestage

Calwaysincludeplentyofhardinformation

DHoldbackuntilallthedetailscanbeprovided

20whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthearticle?

Aemployeeattitudestocompanycommunication

Bmakingcompanycommunicationmoreeffective

CResearchingcompanycommmucation

DMakingemployeesfeellesspowerless

文章取材自一本管理手册，说的是一个组织里的有效沟通问题。这套题目有些特别，不像之前的阅读的第三部分，六道题目分别依次对应文章的六个段落，这题的答案稍微分散了些。

15题，答案很明显，但是选项很有迷惑性。答案是第二段的最后一句：Inthelasteightyears,Concordiahasreduceditsworkforcebymorethan80.000people-or35%-onavoluntarybasis,withfurtherdownsizinganticipated.减少了80000员工（或者说减少了35%的员工），预期还会减少更多。A选项是对的，maderedundant是前面某套题目阅读的第五部分考过的词组；B不对，没有完成（completed），因为预期还会裁减更多（withfurtherdownsizinganticipated）；C也不对，迷惑性最大，reduceditsworkforceof80.000，用了介词of，所以这句的意思是一共就80000员工，而实际情况是减少了80000员工；D不对，35%的员工被裁减，都是在自愿的基础上的，而不是离开的人中有35%是自愿的。

16题，问根据此人的观点，沟通的角色是什么。也就是问沟通的目的或者作用是什么。答案在第三段。沟通是为了帮助人树立自信，说服他们虽然要面临一些变化，但是同样也会拥有一些新的机会。说白了，就是鼓励这些被裁的人。答案选C，强调变化的积极方面。这里的positiveaspects是对前面说的bringwiththemnewopportunities的一个概括。（想起了电影《在云端》，upintheair，里面那个老男人的工作就是职业裁员专家，专门对被裁的人说些这样的话。）

17题，问调查显示大多数人对change的反应是什么。这题在答案中也很明显，但是选项很纠结。都有点似是而非。Thesecondcategory,usuallythemajority,mayrespondtothreatenedchangeswithafeelingofhavingbeenletdown.,andevenfeelangeratthecompanyforwhattheyseeaschangingthetermsoftheiremployment.大多数员工的反应就是很失望，甚至会很愤怒。个人觉得这题出的不够严谨，没有哪个选项能严格从原文中提炼出来。对比下D要好点，因为对公司失望和愤怒，就是觉得受到了不公正的待遇。此题有待高手补充更完美的理由。

18题，问沟通过程主要依赖于什么。答案是第五段的这句：peopleprefertogettheirinformationface-to-facefromtheirlinemanagers。喜欢面对面的从直属经理那里获取信息。所以选C，个人的交流。

19题，问组织内部提供信息的指导准则是什么。最后一段的第一句就是：Thegeneralruleincompanycommunicationistotellemployeesasmuchasyoucanassoonasyoucan。尽可能的快，尽可能的多。不能提供细节的，至少给个大致的背景消息（putthenewsincontext）。时机成熟了，再告知更多。选B：在可能的最早的阶段让人有个总体的印象。

20题，给文章选标题。这种题在BEC的阅读里还真不多见。选标题，就是要挑选文章的最主要意思，从整体上把握文章的mainideas。这篇文章通篇说的就是communication，前面介绍了沟通的背景：裁员；接着说了员工对裁员的反应；然后最后两段，一段说员工喜欢什么样的沟通方式，一段说沟通的原则是什么。综合起来，就是关于怎样进行有效沟通的问题。选B。A不对，片面了，只是文中某部分的内容，并且这部分内容是为后面做背景介绍，不是主要的；C不对，不是简单的research，research仅仅是介绍状况，文章还有关于实现措施的。人邮第二辑真题TEST4READINGPART4

Twoyearagoweundertooktoincreaseoursalesandtoatleast(10)ourearnings.Wepublishedthis(21)inordertodemonstrateourresolvetoleadthebusinesssuccessfullythroughthedemandingperiodfollowingtheexpiryofpatentswhichhadgivenustheexclusiverighttodeveloptwoofourmajorproducts.

Iamverypleaseto(22)thatweachievedwhatweset(23)todo.Wehaveachievedincreasedof4%and6%insalesandearnings(24)thiscomesdespiteconsiderablelosses(25)theexpiryofthepatents.Itistestimonytothedepthandvitalityofourportfolioofmedicinesthatwehavebeenabletosurvivethelargestsinglepatentexpiryourindustryhasknown.

Lookingfurtherahead,Ifirmlybelievethatthiscompanycancontinuetodeliverstrong,sustainablegrowth,enablingustostayatthe(28)oftheresearch-basedpharmaceuticalindustry.

Thepowerandpaceoftechnologicalandscientificdevelopment,combinedwitheconomicandsocialpressures,are(29)hugechangesinourindustry,thesuccessfulcompaniesofthefuturewillbethosethatanticipateand(30)tothischange,integratenewtechnologieseffectively,andareclosesttotheircustomers.Ihavefullconfidenceinourabilitytoremainamajorplayerinourindustry.

21AwarrantyBobligationCcommitmentDcontract

22AinformBspecifyCnotifyDreport

23AinBoutCasideDup

24ArespectivelyBseriallyCconsecutivelyDsequentially

25ApursuingBresultingCfollowingDdepending

26AcontributionBdonationCinvestmentDsubsidy

27AnumbersBfiguresCsumsDpoints

28AforegroundBforefrontCleadDadvance

29AforcingBimpellingCurgingDthrusting

30AmeetBsuitCcorrespondDrespond

这篇文章与其说是一则报告，不如说是一个有点承诺和保证性质的宣言（statement）。一个医药公司，在各种不利因素下，怎么克服困难，实现预定目标。

21题，要做对这题得从全文来看。上面已经说了，这篇文章不是简单的报告，主席在会上对众人表态：公司要继续增长，然后实现预期目标。相当于是承诺书和保证书。这句里有个词很关键：resolve，决心、决定的意思。把保证书出版出来，彰显我们的决心。所以这空用commitment。不选A，warranty是合同里的保证书，专业术语，保险里的保单、保证。

22题，很高兴的向各位报告我们达到了预期的目的。用rm和notify都是通知，在这里意思不对。原本就是在做报告，不是通知。

23题，setouttodo，开始着手时，出发时要做的事。setaside，把什么放置一旁，不予理会；setup，创建。

24题，销售和收益分别取得了4%和6%的增长。用respectively，表示分别的，各自的。serially是连续的，一系列的；consecutively是连续的，连贯的；sequentially是按次序的，相继的。

25题，理解了意思容易选。是说专利到期后有巨额亏损。用following，表示considerablelosses是跟随在专利到期后的。B不对，除非是用resultedfrom。

26题，也要理解前后文意思。这一句就是说在多方利好条件下，公司将实现终极目标（deliverthefinalpartourtarget，话说deliver这个动词用的有看头）。26空就是关于5个新发布的产品的，该产品也会对最终的目标做出贡献，用contribution，捐赠、投资和补贴，都不吻合这里的意思。

27题，以两位数在增长。英文里两位数的说法是doublefigures，美语是doubledigits:：thenumbersfrom10to99。

28题，这是地道的报告中的套话。“我相信，通过。。。。的努力，公司能够保持强劲的增长，使我们能保持在行业的最前端。”forefront，最前部。foreground是最突出的位置。

29题，科技的发展，经济和社会的压力，敦促我们行业产生了巨大的变革。四个词的中文意思貌似都可以，但用法有区别。impel是推动某人做某事；urge是力劝，一般也和人有关；thrust是猛推，刺，看个例句：Thetreethrustsitsbrancheshigh.这棵树的枝条伸得高高的。用force。

30题，respondto，对什么做出回应，固定用法。用meet的话不需要后面的to。人邮第二辑真题TEST4READINGPART5

Thereisacommonlyheldviewthattheonlywaytoget(0)decentpayincreaseistomoveon:togooutintothejobmarketandfindsomeone(31)ispreparedtopayyouafiguremoreinline(32)thetalentsyoucanoffer.Whilstchangingemployersfromtime(33)timeissomethingweprobablyallneedtodotoadvanceourcareersinthedirectionswewantthemtotake,itisneverthelessanactivitythatcarriesquitedefiniterisks.Irrespectiveof(34)wellweresearchprospectiveemployers,anewjobisstilllargelyastepintotheunknown.Itmayturn(35)tobeagoodmoveoritcouldprovetobeacompletedisaster:mostofus(36)hadexperienceofboth.Thepointhere,though,isthatchangingemployersisnotsomethingwewanttobedoingallthetimeandcertainlynot(37)timewefeeltheurgeforbetterpay.We’d(38)takingmorerisksthanweneededtojusttoachieveapayrise.Gettingapayriseshouldalwaysbeviewed(39)aseriousbusiness.Therearenoquickfixesorgoldmethodswith“guaranteed“results.Quickfixesonlyservetotrivializetheissuesandcould(40)somecircumstancesgetyouintoveryseroustroubleindeed.

关于加薪的文章，教你怎么样实现加薪。这道题目不难，但是抛开题目，单说文章里谈的加薪的方法，各位还是要辩证的看。要想人生第一份工作就找到自己满意的，是挺难，可是以加薪为目的跳槽，也未必是什么明智的好办法。

31题，太明显的定语从句，前面是someone，那么当然填入表示人的关系代词who。

32题，inlinewith，和什么一致，固定搭配，在中级的选词版完型里常考到这个词组。这句的意思是