中考英语专题复习：主谓一致

PAGE中考英语专项复习主谓一致【主谓一致命题】主谓一致的语法一致原则主谓一致的整体一致原则主谓一致的就近一致原则主谓一致的意义一致原则主谓一致的附加原则【考点】一、由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...,whether...or...等连接并列主语时,常采用就近原则,动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。【考例】NotonlyJimbutalsohissister______afewcitiesinthesouthsincetheycametoChina．[临沂市]A．willvisit B.hasvisited C．havevisited D．visitedNeitherJimnorhiscousins_______toAmerica,but_____ofthemknowthecountryverywell.[0潍坊市]A．havebeen；a11B.havebeen;both Chasbeen;all D．hasbeen;both二、thenumberof+复数名词,主语是thenumber(数量),谓语动词用单数;anumberof+复数名词,主语是复数名词,anumberof作定语,相当于many,谓语动词用复数。【考例】Look!There_______playingwiththetouristsonYinheSquare.(包头)A.areanumberofdeerB.areanumberofdeersC.isanumberofdeerD.isanumberofdeersThenumberof________inourclass________fifty.(烟台)A.student,isB.thestudents,are C.thestudents,isD.students,are三、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。【考例】Asthesaying________,"Wherethereisawill;thereisaway."[昆明市]A.go B.goes C.going D.went但what从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数。Whatwebadlyneedhereareexperiencedteachers.我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。四、and连接的两个单数名词作主语。【考例】Treesandflowers________everyyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.[陕西]A.isplanted B.wasplanted C.areplanted D.wereplanted五、表示时间、距离、金钱、体积或数字等的词语作主语且表示总量时，谓语动词用单数。【考例】Howmuch________theshoes?Fivedollars_________enough．[青岛市]A．is；is Bare；is C．are；are D．is；areHowtimeflies!Tenyears________passed.(天津)A.haveB.hasC.isD.are六、就近原则--There__________nomilkinthefridge.Couldyougetsomeforme,Dick?--Allright,Mum.[福州市]A.is B.are C.was D.wereNotonlyJimbutalsohissister______afewcitiesinthesouthsincetheycametoChina．[临沂市]A．willvisit B.hasvisited C．havevisited D．visitedNeitherJimnorhiscousins_______toAmerica,but_____ofthemknowthecountryverywell.[潍坊市]A．havebeen；a11B.havebeen;both Chasbeen;all D．hasbeen;both【语法回顾】主谓一致1.语法一致的原则2.意义一致的原则3.邻近一致的原则谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。在英语中，谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致，叫做主谓一致。通常采用下列三个原则来处理，即：语法形式一致的原则、逻辑意义一致的原则、就近（或毗邻）一致的原则。一、语法形式一致的原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。如：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。但须注意下列几种情况：1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Muchlandhasbeendesertedinthisareainthepastfewyears.Tostartsmokingisquiteeasy,buttogiveitupneedscourage.ReadingEnglishnewspapersisagoodwayofimprovingyouEnglish.Whatyouneedmostistohaveagoodsleep.Howyoucangetthereisaproblem.[注意：]由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时，主句的谓语动词用复数。例如：WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooksWhatIsayanddois(are)helpfulforyou.2、由and或both...and来连接并列主语时，谓语用复数。例如：Swimmingandwalkingaregoodexercises.HeandIwereclassmateswhenwewereatcollege.BothJohnandAnnhavegotpen-friends.。BothZhouLanandYangPeilikesports[注意]1）但是，并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式（这时and后的名词前没有冠词）。例如：Themanagerandsecretarywasabsentatthemeeting.Themanagerandthesecretaryarebusynow.。TheirteacherandfriendisMr.Li.2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no,each,every或manya，morethanone修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.在我们国家里，每个男孩和女孩都有权利受教育。Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtohelp.每个男士和妇女都被请来帮忙。Manyastudentishavingpracticeinthatfactory.许多学生正在那家工厂实习。Morethanonestudentisinterestedinthebook.不止一个学生对这本书感兴趣。[注意]在“morethanone＋单数名词”作主语时，若在Therebe句型中，亦可用复数。如：Thereis/aremorethanonemanhere.这儿不止一个人。3、如果主语是单数，尽管后面跟有(together)with,aswellas,like,but,except,besides，including,nolessthan,ratherthan,asmuchas，morethan，alongwithinadditionto等介词短语，其谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数。例如：AnEnglishteachertogetherwithsomestudentshasclimbedtothetopofthemountain.一位英语老师和几个学生已经爬到了山顶。Maryaswellasherfriendslikesthispainting.玛丽和她的朋友都喜欢这幅画。Nooneexceptmyclosefriendsknowsanythingaboutthismatter.除了我的亲密朋友谁也不知道这件事。She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.像你和汤姆那样她很高。4、不定代词each,either,neither和由some,any,no,every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Each(ofus)takesacupofcoffee.(我们)每人喝一杯咖啡。Everyoneknowssmokingcigarettesisbadforhealth.大家都知道吸烟不利于身体健康。中考英语专项复习———主谓一致【中考训练】()1.(河北).Everyone______IcomefromSichuan.Actually,IcomefromShandong.A.findB.thinkC.findsD.thinks()2.（湖北黄冈）-Davidhasbeenawayformorethan25days.-Imisshimverymuch.Youknow,25days________short.A.isB.isn'tC.areD.aren't()3.（湖北十堰）Climbinghills______ofgreathelptoourhealth.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are()4.（山东省莱芜）YaoMingworkshardonhisEnglishand________A．soLiuXiangdoesB．soisLiuXiangC．sodoesLiuXiangD．soLiuXiangis()5.(北京市）Thereadingroom______veryquiet.Ienjoyreadingbooksthere.A.amB.isC.areD.be()6.（广西）There_______somemilkintheglass.A.isB.areC.beD.has()7.（山东滨州）Howtimeflies!Threeyears_______reallyashorttime.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()8.（四川巴中）Inourschoollibrary,there______anumberofbooksonscienceandthenumberofthem_______growinglargerandlarger.A.is;areB.are;isC.have;isD.is;have()9.NobodybutLiHua______thesecret.A.knowsB.knowC.haveknownD.isknown()10.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth______sea.A.is B.areC.wereD.hasbeen()11Allbutone______herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were()12.Whenandwheretobuildtheschool_______yet.A.isnotdecided B.arenotdecidedC.hasn’tbeendecidedD.havenotdecided()13.Aforkandknife______onthetable.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen()14Where________awill,thereisaway.A.therehasB.isC.thereisD.thereare()15.Eachboyandeachgirl_______anEnglishdictionaryyesterday.A.aregivenB.wasgivenC.beinggivenD.weregiven()16.Theold______takengoodcareofinChina.A.is B.has C.are D.have()17.Halfofthestudents______gotthesamesuggestion.A.has B.have C.is D.are()18.Sheistheonlyoneofallthestudentswho_______achancetogoabroad.A.have B.hasC.isD.are()19.Something______wrongwithmyTVset.A.has B.have C.is D.are()20.EitherTimorI_______aboss.A.amB.isC.areD.be()21.Fiftyyuan_______enoughforthebluecoat.A.is B.are C.has D.have22.Tenplusfive________fifteen.A.is B.are C.was D.were23．Howtimeflies!Tenyears________passed.A.have B.has C.is D.are24．Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother_______totheSummerPalace.Theyhaven’tbeenback.A.havebeen B.havegone C.hasbeen D.hasgone25．Neithermyfather_______goingtoseethepatient.A.norIamB.norIare C.ormeareD.ormeis26．Look!There_______playingwiththetouristsonYinheSquare.(包头)A.areanumberofdeerB.areanumberofdeersC.isanumberofdeerD.isanumberofdeers27．Thenumberof________inourclass________fifty.A.student,isB.thestudents,are C.thestudents,isD.students,are28．Thenumberofthestudentsinourclass_______54.A.is B.are

C.has

D.have29．NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary________tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother．A．is B．are C．am D．be30．Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_______tot