UnitGettingalongwithothers《悦读教材》高二英语译林牛津版

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Unit1Gettingalongwithothers学会自我陪伴更会与人相处Itakemyselfondates。Igotothemoviesalone.Iwandermuseumsalone。Ieatmealsalone（andyes,thatmeansIresistalltemptationtoscrollthroughInstagramwhilewaitingformymeal).Isitincoffeeshopsandjournalalone.Itakethetrainandgotonewtownsandwalkaroundalone.我跟自己去约会：我独自看电影，独自在博物馆闲逛，独自吃饭（是的,这是说在等待饭菜上来时，我抵制住所有刷Instagram的诱惑)。我坐在咖啡馆里，独自写着日志。我一个人乘火车，前往新的城镇，然后独自在那里四处走走玩玩。Irealizethismaysoundsuperdorky.You’reprobablythinkingthatImustbeprettyweirdandverylonely.Interestinglyenough，IwaswaymorelonelybeforeIstartedspendingtimealone。ThefeelinglikeIneededtobearoundpeopleallthetimetotakeadeepbreath—thatwasloneliness.Thefeelingofcompleteanxietyandfearwhenaboyfriendbrokeupwithme-thatwasloneliness.Butthis?Thisispeace.Thisisfun。Thisiswhatself—esteemisbuiltof.Here’showIlearnedtospendtimealone。我意识到也许这听起来超级蠢。你很可能会想，我肯定十分怪异、非常寂寞.有趣的是,我在开始独自生活前是更加孤单的.那种就像我需要一直跟别人待在一起才能做深呼吸的感觉，是孤单。男朋友跟我分手，那种极为焦虑恐慌的感受,是寂寞。但现在这种场景呢？这是平静，是趣味，是构建自信心的基础。以下是我学会独处的方法。1.Ijustdidit。Andletgooftryingtolook＂cool＂.我只是一个人独处，并不去想怎么尽量看起来酷。2.Makealistofyourfavoritethings。Anddon’twaitforanyone.列出你最爱的事物，不要等任何人跟你一起去践行。3.ScheduleIt.Anddon’tcancelonyourself.计划时间,不要取消与自己的约会。Forthepastyear,I’vebeensinglebychoice。Notbycircumstance。NotbecausenoonewillaskmeoutorIcan’tfindanyoneeligible。It’shardforsomepeopletobelievethatIamchoosingnottodate,andIoftengetweirdlooksandconfusedgruntsfrommyoldauntandcollegefriendsalike。Whywouldsomeonevoluntarilychoosetostaysingle?Tospendtimealone？Aren'tImissingoutonlifebynotgoingonTinderdates？WhatifTheOneisouttherebutIdon’tcatchhimbecauseI’mtoobusystayingsingle？过去一年中，我选择保持单身.这不是因为环境因素，不是因为没人约我出去或是我不能找到合适人选。有些人很难相信我选择不去约会。大姨和大学同学们老是对我投以怪异的眼神和不解地咕哝。为什么会有人愿意保持单身？愿意独自一人消磨时光?没有继续在Tinder络交友平台）上相亲的我，难道不是错过了生活(的乐趣）吗？要是我命中注定的另一半就在Tinder上，但我因为忙着保持单身而错过了他，那怎么办?I’mnottheslightestbitembarrassedtosayoutloudthatI'vebeendatingmyselfandit’sbeenthemostnurturing，sustainable，andnon-anxietyinducingrelationshipI’veeverhad.There’snowaitingtobetextedback（orobsessingaboutifmytextistooflirty,tooneedy,toowordy),andthere'snofeelinglikeanotherpersonjustdoesn’tunderstandme.大声说出我正和自己相约，一点也不让我尴尬，而且它是我所有的关系中最滋养人、最持久也最不会引发焦虑的。我不需要等待他人的回复（或是费神考虑我的短信是否太过轻浮、有求于人或是冗长啰嗦），另外我也不会再有那种就是有人无法明白我的感觉了。Thatdoesn’tmeanIdon'tplanondatingotherpeopleinfuture—Idefinitelydo。ButIknownowthattherelationshipI’vebuiltwithmyselfisamodelfortherelationshipIwanttobein。I'mkindandpatientandgentleandlovingandforgivingofmyself.IlaughatmymistakesandIletgoofmyerrors.Iamstrongandcourageous。That’sthekindofpersonIwanttobewithandthetypeofrelationshipIhopetobein。这不意味着我将来不打算谈恋爱(我当然会谈啦)。可我如今明白，与自己建立的这种关系是我想要与另一半相处的模式.我友善、耐心、温柔、友爱又宽容。我对自己犯的错误一笑了之.我强大而勇敢。这便是我想要的对象，也是我希望同他建立起的恋爱关系.IknownowthatI’mnotgoingintotherelationshipasahalf,I’mgoinginasawhole.Sowhetheritworksoutordoesn’tworkout，deepdown，Ihaven’tlostanything。I’mstillme.I'mstillcomplete.IstillhavethefriendshipI’vebuiltwiththemethatI’vegrowntoknowandloveoverthepast23years。That’sthegreatestreliefI’veeverknown.我现在知道了，我不会在恋爱关系中有所保留，而将会是全身心投入。因此无论这段关系是否有好的结果，在内心深处我都没有任何损失。我仍然是我自己,我仍然完好无损，我同自己建立起的友谊依旧存在,那是我在过去23年中渐渐了解并爱上的.这便是我所知的最大欣慰。DealingwithDifficultPeople如何与难相处的人打交道Dr。MannyAlvarez:Whodoesn’thaveadifficultcolleague,friend，orfamilymember?Thebadnews,oftentimes,you’reforcedtointeractwiththesepeopleonadailybasisandtheycouldhaveapersonalitydisorder.Butthegoodnewsistherearesimplewaysyoucanlearntodealwiththeirbehaviors.Dr。AndrewTwardon：Apersonwithaparanoidpersonalityissomeonewhoisverymuchpreoccupiedwithloyaltyofotherpeople,uh,itisapersonwhoconstantlyscanstheenvironmentandotherpeople,lookingforpossibleindicationsorsignsofsomesortofdeception。Dr.Alvarez:ThesolutionDr。Twardonsuggests，sticktoconversationtopicsthataresafe，andnottoopersonal.Avoidanysignsofcriticismsorattack,andrefrainfromusinglanguagethatispatronizingorcondescending。Dr.Twardon：Anarcissisticpersonreallybelievesthatsheisbetterthanyou.AndbecauseIambetterthanyou，Iamentitledtoexpectthatyoudothethingsforme.Iamentitledtobefocusedexclusivelyonmyownneedsandkindofdisregardyours.Dr。Alvarez：Sohowdoyoudealwiththoseego-maniacs?Don’tbedefensivewiththisperson;itcouldtriggerafight,andtrytomakeyourselfanimportantpartofhisorherworldinordertokeepuptherelationship.Dr。Twardon：Thatisessentiallyapersonwhoisdealingwithalotofinternal..。callitinsecurity，orinternalanxiety，andinternalconflicts。Andthewayofresolvinginternalconflictsisbyorganizingtheexternalenvironment.Dr。Alvarez：Dr.TwardonistalkingaboutObsessiveCompulsiveDisorder,whichcanmakeothersjumpy.Tryacknowledgingtheirhardworkwithcompliments，compromisewiththemwhenpossible，andalsoavoidconflict.AndDr.Twardonremindsusweallhavealittlebitofthesepersonalitiesinourselves，sotreatothersasyouwouldliketobetreated.曼尼·阿尔瓦雷斯医生：谁没有难相处的同事、朋友或家人呢？坏消息是，人们通常不得不每天和这些人打交道,而他们可能有人格障碍.但好消息是你可以学习一些应对他们行为的简单方法.安德鲁·托登医生：性格偏执的人非常注重其他人的忠诚,嗯，这类人会不断地审视环境和其他人以找到某种欺骗的可能迹象或征兆。阿尔瓦雷斯医生:托登医生建议的解决方法是：紧紧围绕＂安全＂的话题，不要过于涉及私事。避免任何批评或抨击的痕迹,不要使用傲慢或有优越感的措辞。托登医生：自恋的人确信她比你优秀。因为我比你优秀，所以我有权让你为我做事，我有权只注重自己的需要，而有时忽略你的需要.阿尔瓦雷斯医生：怎样跟那些自恋狂打交道呢？不用对这种人持防御姿态，这会引发争吵,试着让自己成为他或她的世界里重要的一员来维持你们的关系.托登医生：本质上来说有一种人在不断解决很多内在的……叫作不安全感或内在焦虑、内在冲突。他们需要通过使外部环境条理化来解决内在冲突。阿尔瓦雷斯医生：托登医生说的是会让其他人胆战心惊的强迫症。试着用赞美的话来肯定他们的辛勤工作，可能的话对他们妥协，同样要避免冲突。托登医生提醒我们：我们自己的性格中都会有一点这些个性，所以要像你希望自己被对待的方式那样来对待别人。与身边人更好相处的10个重要原则1。Modelbehavior。Themostimportantthingyoucandotoconvertotherstoyourideasistobethebestmodelpossible。Walkthewalk,anddoitvisibly,sootherscanseewhatyou’redoing.Thisgoesforyourspouse,foryourkids,forfamilyandfriends，forco—workers。Justshowinghowtodoitcanbeapowerfultoolindeed.Declutteryourlife,livemoresimply，andyou’llgoalongwaytoconvertingothers。1。榜样的力量。想让别人相信你的观点最重要的一点就是尽可能地做一个好榜样。走自己的路，正大光明，所以别人才能够看到你做的。这样做是为了你的配偶,孩子,家庭，朋友以及同事.事实上，如何做到这一点可能要好好思量.好好生活,过更简单的生活。去改变别人,你还有很长一段路要走。2。Sharehowimportantitistoyou，andthebenefits.Thisisreallythesecondpartofbeingarolemodel:asyoustarttolivethesimplelife,showothershowgreatitistoyou，howimportantapartofyourlifethisis.Talkwiththemaboutit，andtellthemwhyyou'redoingthis。Whenpeopleunderstandyourmotivation,theycanstarttogetonboard,oratleaststopfeelingsothreatened.Andwhentheyseehowgreatitisforyou，howhappyitmakesyouandallthegreatthingsitbringsintoyourlife,they'llmovecloserandclosertoyourway。2。于你而言，分享是非常重要且有利的。这是成为一个真正的榜样的第二步：对你而言，当你开始过上简单的日子，告诉其他人这样的日子是多么的精彩,这样的日子是多么的重要.与他们谈论这件事，并且告诉他们你这样做的目的是什么。一旦他们理解了你的目的，他们便会开始赞同你，至少不会再感到威胁。当他们看到你的日子如此精彩，你是如此快乐，它给你的生活带来了如此多的美好事物时.他们会越来越认同你的方法。3。Askforhelp.3.寻求帮助。我与女儿Eva相处，首要的是寻求她的支持。不仅仅是她口头上的赞同，而是她实际的帮助。我承认我不能独立完成一些事,所以我需要她的帮助.很多人,如果他们真的关心你，他们就会想要帮助你。他们想要你快乐，如果你告知他们什么方法能够助你成功的话，他们将会全力以赴。如果可能,团队合作会让事情更加简单，不仅仅是你正在做的一些事情，而是所有的事大家一起做。让它变得有趣些。4。Educate.Thebestwaytoeducateothersis,asIsaidabove，byyourgoodexample。Butbeyondthat,youmaywanttosharebooksandwebsitesandblogsyou’rereading，notinawaythatinsiststhattheychange，butjusttoshowwhatyou’reinterestedinandhowtheymightlearnmoreifthey’reinterested.Documentaries，podcasts，magazines，andothergoodsourcesofinformationarehelpfulaswell。Youcan'tforcepeopletoreadorwatch,butyoucanmakeitavailable.Inaddition，talkwiththemaboutit—again,notinapushywaybutinawaythatshowshowexcitedyouareandhowyou’dliketosharewhatyou’relearningabout.Iftheyseemputoff，don’tdroneonandon。4.教育.正如我以上所说，教育别人最好的方法就是以身作则。但是除此之外，你可能想要与人分享你正在看的书、浏览的网站或是博客，不是以坚持要求他们改变这种方式，而是只需要表明你感兴趣的，如果他们感兴趣，他们可能会学得更多。纪录片、博客、杂志以及其他好的信息来源也对我们有益。你不能强迫别人去读或者看，但是你能让其变得有效。另外，与他们讨论这件事，同样,不要以一种强求的方式，而是表明你对此很激动，并且想要分享你正在了解的。如果他们看起来精神不集中，就不要一直讲下去了。5.Helpthemsucceed。Ifyoudohavesomesuccessconvertingsomeoftheimportantpeopleinyourlifetoyourwayofthinking，atleasttoaminordegree,don'tcriticizewhentheydon’tdoitaswellasyou'dlike，ortotheextentyou'dlike。Instead，beencouraging，behappyforthem,andsupporttheminanywayyoucan.Again，makeitateameffort。5.帮助他人成功。如果在你生命中一些重要的人,确实成功地被你的思考方式，至少是较小程度上的改变，如果他们没有按照你想的那么做，也不要去批评.相反，你应该鼓励他们,为他们感到高兴，只要你能办到，无论怎样都要支持他们。同样地，一起努力.6.Realizeyoucan’tcontrolorchangeothers.6.认清你不能控制或者改变他人.当人们试着去控制他人或者是强迫他人改变时，最常见的挫折之一也随着而来.这是灾难的秘诀。你可以试着去控制他人，但是通常会很纠结，在某种程度上，总是会失败。这些适用于你重要的人，甚至是孩子。我们试着去控制他们,但是事实上，我们控制不了他们。相反，试着去影响他们，鼓励他们，支持他们，帮助他们找到幸福.让控制欲随风而去吧.虽然很难，但是十分必要。一旦你放弃了控制欲，你将会发现更多的幸福.7.Setboundaries。Onceyoustoptryingtocontrolothers，youhavetofindwaystolivetogetherwithdifferentgoalsanddifferentwaysoflife.Ifyouwanttosimplifyandtheothersyouliveorworkwithdon’t，howcanyoupeacefullycoexistinthesamespace？Somepossibilities(butnowherenearanexhaustivelist)：decidewhoownswhatandjustsimplifyyourownthings;splitupthehouseorofficeintoyourareaandtheirs；findahappycompromisebetweensimplicityandmajorclutter。7.设置边界.一旦你不再试图去控制别人，你不得不与有着不同目标、不同的生活方式的人共存。如果你想要简化，然而与你生活或是同时工作的人却不那样想，你怎样在相同的地方与这些人和平共处呢？有如下可能性(但是,是其他地方没有的完整清单）：决定由谁拥有，简化你自己的事情；在家里和办公室里划分不同阵营的区域；在简单与复杂之间找一个令人满意的折衷。8。Havepatience.Don’texpectotherstochangeovernightjustbecauseyouhave.Theimportantpeopleinyourlifemightnotgetquiteasexcitedaboutthischange,becauseit’snotcomingfromthem。Theymightnotlearnitasquicklyasyouhave,orgoquiteasfar.Ortheymightnotwanttochangeorsupportyourchangeatall,atfirst…butlater,theymightcomearound。Again,don’tpushorbeobnoxiousaboutit，butinsteadbepatient，encouraging,withanattitudeofsharingwhatyou’relearningandexcitedabout。8.有耐心.不要期望别人一夜之间就改变,你生命中重要的人未必会为这种改变所激动，因为那不是出自于他们.他们可能不像你变化得那么快、那么很，或者他们一开始可能根本不想改变或支持你改变……但是后来，他们也许就好了。同样地不要强迫也不要焦急，而是耐心地鼓励自己与别人分享你正在学习和感激的.9。Changewhatyoucan。Sometimesyoucan’tchangeeverythingyou’dlike,andyouhavetolearntoacceptthat.Findareasyoucancontrol,findplacesthatotherswillallowyoutochange,andfocusonthose。Theotherareasmightcomelater(ortheymightnot)。Thisiswhatcomesfromhavingothersinyourlife-yougiveupcompletecontrol,butyoualsogetthewonderofsharingyourlifewithotherhumanbeings，somethingI’dnevergiveup.9.改变你能的改变的。有时候，你无法改变一切,所以你必须学着接受。找到你能控制的领域，找到别人允许你改变的地方，聚焦在这些上.其他的领域也许会晚些时候出现（也许不会出现）。这就是你生活中来自于其他的部分：你放弃完全控制，但是你也感受到了与其他人分享生活的奇妙,有些事，我从未放弃过。10。Findsupport.Ifyoucan’tgetsupportfromsomepeopleinyourlife，finditelsewhereifpossible。Thismightbefromotherswhoaredoingthesamethingasyou—friendsorfamily,orpeopleinyourcommunity.Itcouldbefromonlinecommunities,suchassocialnetworksorforums。Therearetonsofpeopleouttherewhoaretryingtosimplify(theZenHabitsforumsarejustoneexample）。Shareyourprogress，challenges，frustrationswiththem，andyou’llfindhelpfrompeoplewhounderstand.10.寻求支持.如果你不能从你生活中的一些人那里得到支持，尽可能地去别处寻找吧。它可能来自与你正在做同样事情的朋友、家人或者同小区的人.也可能是来自在线社区,比如说社交网络和论坛。在那里有非常多的人正在尝试着简化（禅宗习惯论坛就是一个例子）。与他们分享你的进步、挑战、挫折，你就可以从过来人那里获得帮助。【试题导读】我们每个人都希望生活在友好、愉快、轻松的氛围中，都希望自己的周围充满善良、宽容和温馨……这就需要我们每一个人以友善的态度与同学相处、与老师相处、与家人相处，用一颗包容的心去对待身边的人。高考试题对人际关系这一话题的考查以各种题型呈现着，从下面的高考试题可见一斑。=1\＊ROMANI。阅读理解体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文作者与PaulNewman之间的深厚友情291★★★☆☆5分钟A(2017·全国新课标卷II）IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill，thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid，introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswell-knownasPaul-hestoodupforme。Idon’tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat；theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference，webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV。Wewererespectfulofcraft（技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay。BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous，aggressive，andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection。Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival。PaulandIdidn’tseeeachotherallthatregularly，butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents。Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He’dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas，andwedidn’ttalkaboutit。Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn’tneedalotofwords。24.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletoauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidn’tlikehisagent。C.Hewasn’tfamousenough。D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.25.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship？A.Theywereofthesameage。B。Theyworkedinthesametheater。C.Theywerebothgoodactors。D.Theyhassimilarcharacteristics。26。Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂that＂inparagraph3referto?A.Theirbelief。B。Theircareforchildren.C。Theirsuccess。D。Theirsupportforeachother.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetest？A。Toshowhisloveoffilms。B。Torememberafriend.C.Tointroduceanewmovie.D.Tosharehisactingexperience.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文.主要讲述了作者与PaulNewman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时,PaulNewman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持,相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。25.D细节理解题。根据＂BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous，aggressive，andmakingfunofeachother-butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore（核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen＂可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。26.A细节理解题。根据＂Wesharedthebriefthatifyou’refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback＂，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文＂hewithhisNewman’sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill，andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival＂是作者举的例子，因此＂sharingthatbroughtustogether。＂that指代前面提到的信仰.故选A。27.B主旨大意题。根据＂Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago。He'dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn’ttalkaboutit＂可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文的＂IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968＂，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。B体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文结交新朋友成为写作素材320★★★☆☆6分钟(2016﹒全国新课标卷III）OnoneofhertripstoNewYorkseveralyearsago，EudoraWeltydecidedtotakeacoupleofNewYorkfriendsouttodinner。TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSidecafeandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable。＂Hey，aren’tyoufromMississippi?＂theelegant，white—hairedwriterrememberedbeingaskedbythestranger.＂I’mfromMississippitoo。＂Withoutasecondthought,thewomanjoinedtheWeltyparty.Whenherdinnerpartnershowedup,shealsopulledupachair.＂TheybegantellingmeallthenewsofMississippi，＂Weltysaid。＂Ididn’tknowwhatmyNewYorkfriendswerethinking。＂TaxisonarainyNewYorknightarerarerthansunshine.Bythetimethegroupgotuptoleave，itwaspouringoutside.Welty’snewfriendsimmediatelysentawaitertofindacab。Headingbackdowntowntowardherhotel,herbig—cityfriendswereamazedattheturnofeventsthathadchangedtheirBigAppledinnerintoaMississippi。＂Myfriendssaid：‘Nowwebelieveyourstories，’＂Weltyadded。＂AndIsaid:‘Nowyouknow.Thesearethepeoplethatmakemewritethem。’＂Sittingonasofainherroom，Welty，aslimfigureinasimplegraydress,lookedpleasedwiththisexplanation。＂Idon’tmakethemup,＂shesaidofthecharactersinherfictiontheselast50orsoyears.＂Idon’thaveto。＂Beauticians，bartenders，pianoplayersandpeoplewithpurplehats,Welty'speoplecomefromafternoonsspentvisitingwitholdfriends，fromwalksthroughthestreetsofhernativeJackson,Miss.,fromconversationsoverheardonabus.ItannoysWeltythat,at78，herleftearhasnowgivenout。Sometimes,sittingonabusoratrain，shehearsonlyafragment(片段)ofaparticularlyinterestingstory.5.WhathappenedwhenWeltywaswithherfriendsatthecafe?A.Twostrangersjoinedher。 B.Herchildhoodfriendscamein.C.Aheavyrainruinedthedinner. D.Somepeopleheldapartythere.6.Theunderlinedword＂them＂inParagraph6referstoWelty's___________.A。readers B。parties C.friends D.stories7。WhatcanwelearnaboutthecharactersinWelty’sfiction?A。Theyliveinbigcities. B。Theyaremostlywomen.C.Theycomefromreallife. D.Theyarepleasureseekers.【文章大意】本文介绍了美国著名女作家Welty在纽约通过晚餐结交了新朋友，并且这件事也成为了她的写作素材.5。A细节理解题。第三段中的＂thewoman＂指的是第二段中的那个陌生人,根据第三段中的＂Whenherdinnerpartnershowedup，shealsopulledupachair＂可知，陌生女子的晚餐伙伴也加入了她们的行列中，故有两个陌生人加入到了Welty和朋友的晚餐中.7.C推理判断题。根据＂Idon’tmakethemup＂和＂Welty'speoplecomefromafternoonsspentvisitingwitholdfriends，fromwalksthroughthestreetsofhernativeJackson,Miss。,fromconversationsoverheardonabus。＂可知，Welty小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选C。=2\*ROMANII。完形填空Cloze1体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文邻里关系263★★★★☆15分钟（2017·新课标卷II）In1973，Iwasteachingelementaryschool.Eachday,27kids41＂TheThinkingLaboratory。＂Thatwasthe42studentsvotedforafterdecidingthat＂Room104＂wastoo43.Freddywasanaverage44，butnotanaverageperson.Hehadtherarebalanceoffunandcompassion(同情）.Hewould45theloudestoverfunandbethesaddestoveranyone’s46。Beforetheschoolyear47,Igavethekidsaspecial48，T-shirtswiththewords＂VerbsArethingstheydothroughouttheirliveswillbeverbs。Throughtheyears,I’drunintoformerstudentswhowouldprovide51onoldclassmates.IlearnedthatFreddydidseveraljobsafterhis52fromhighschoolandremainedthesame53personImetfortyyearsbefore。Once,whileworkingovernightatastore,heletahomelessman54inhistruck.Anothertime，he55afriendmoneytobuyahouse.theinterruptionandhandedmeanenvelope。Istoppedteachingand58itup。Insidewerethe＂Verbs＂shirtanda59fromFreddy’smother.＂FreddypassedawayonThanksgiving。Hewantedyoutohavethis。＂Itoldthestorytotheclass。Assadasitwas,Icouldn’thelpsmiling.AlthoughFreddywastakenfromus,weall60somethingfromFreddy。41。A。built B。entered C。decorated D。ran42。A。name B。rule C.brand D.plan43.A。small B。dark C.strange D.dull44。A。scholar B。student C。citizen D.worker45。A。speak B.sing C.question D。laugh46。A.misfortune B.disbelief C。dishonesty D.mistake47。A。changed B.approached C.returned D.ended48。A。lesson B。gift C。report D。message49.A.Friends B。Awards C。Masters D。Tasks50.A。simple B。unique C.fun D.clever51。A.assessments B。comments C.instructions D。updates52.A.graduation B。retirement C.separation D。resignation53。A.daring B。modest C。caring D。smart54。A。wait B.sleep C。study D。live55.A。paid B.charged C.lent D。owed56.A。observing B。preparing C.designing D。conducting57。A.regretted B。avoided C。excused D。ignored58。A。opened B。packed C.gave D。held59.A.picture B.bill C.note D。diary60。A。chose B。took C。expected D。borrowed【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了作者的一个学生Freddy既有趣又有同情心，作者在Freddy高中毕业前送给他一件衬衫,上面写着告诫他＂动词＂在人生中的重要性，而他在毕业后也保持着乐于助人的品质，但不幸的是Freddy在若干年后去世了，而那件衬衫也回到了作者的手中，作者以及他的学生们都从Freddy身上学到了一些宝贵的品质。41。B考查动词词义辨析.A.built建造;B。entered进入；C。decorated装饰;D.ran跑步，根据句意：每天,27个孩子都会＂进入＂＂思想实验室＂，故选B。42。A考查名词词义辨析。A.name名字;B。rule规则；C.brand品牌；D.plan计划，结合文意：应该是＂思想实验室＂这个＂名字＂是同学们投票得来的,故选A.43.D考查形容词词义辨析。A.small小的；B。dark黑的;C。strange奇怪的；D.dull无聊的,由后文可知，同学们是因为＂104班级＂这个名字太＂无聊＂才把名字改为＂思想实验室＂的，故选D.44.B考查名词词义辨析.A。scholar学者；B.student学生；C.citizen市民;D。worker工人,通读全文可知Freddy是作者的一名＂学生＂，故选B。45。D考查动词词义辨析。A.speak说；B。sing唱歌；C。question质问；D.laugh大笑，结合文意:对于好玩的事情，他会＂笑＂地最大声，故选D。46.A考查名词词义辨析。A.misfortune不幸;B。disbelief怀疑；C.dishonesty不诚实；D.mistake错误，根据前句：Freddy在有趣和富有同情心之间可以做到罕见的平衡，所以对于任何人的＂不幸＂，他会很悲伤，故选A。47。D考查动词词义辨析。A。changed改变；B.approached接近；C。returned返回;D。ended结束，结合句意：在学期＂结束＂之前,我……，故选D。49.A考查名词词义辨析。A。Friends朋友;B.Awards奖；C。Masters主人;D.Tasks任务，结合文意：衬衫上写着＂动词是你的朋友＂，故选A。50.C考查形容词词义辨析。A.simple简单的；B.unique独特的；C.fun有趣的；D。clever聪明的，根据转折词while可知前后句意是相反的,＂尽管动词也许看起来很无聊,但人们的一生当中做的大部分有趣之事都将是动词＂,＂无聊＂与＂有趣＂相对,故选C。51.D考查名词词义辨析。A.assessments评估；B.comments评论；C.instructions指导；D.updates更新,根据句意：我遇到过以前的学生，他们常常会提供一些老同学的＂最新情况＂,故选D。52.A考查名词词义辨析。A.graduation毕业；B。retirement退休；C。separation分离；D.resignation辞职，结合文意:在Freddy高中毕业后,做了好几份工作，故选A.53.C考查形容词词义辨析。A.daring勇敢的；B.modest谦虚的；C。caring贴心的;D.smart聪明的，根据后一句他让无家可归的人睡在了他的卡车上，可知他仍然是很爱关照人的，贴心的,故选C。54.B考查动词词义辨析.A.wait等待；B。sleep睡觉；C.study学习；D。live居住,结合文意:他让一位无家可归的人＂睡在＂他的卡车上，故选B。55。C考查动词词义辨析。A.paid支付；B.charged索要;C.lent借出；D.owed欠，结合文意：还有一次，他借钱给朋友，让朋友买到房，故选C。56。D考查动词词义辨析.A。observing观察;B。preparing准备；C.designing设计；D.conducting组织，实施，执行，结合上下文：我正在班级里组织一个专题研讨会的时候,突然有人敲门,故选D。58。A考查动词词义辨析。A.opened打开；B.packed打包；C。gave给予;D.held握住，结合文意：我停止教学，打开信,故选A。59.C考查名词词义辨析.A。picture图片；B.bill账单；C。note纸条，便笺；D。diary日记，根据后文的描述，可知衬衫上是一个便笺,上面写着……,故选C.60。B考查动词词义辨析。A.chose选择；B。took拿走；C。expected期待;D.borrowed借入，结合文意：尽管Freddy离开了我们，我们从他的身上也带走了一些东西,故选B。Cloze2体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文邻里关系443★★★★☆18分钟AWelcomeGift（2015·北京卷）Darioandhismotherlovedtheirnewapartment.Thelivingroomwaslargeenoughfortheirpiano。Thatnight,thetwoofthem36sidebysideatthepiano。Theyplayedjazzmusictocelebratetheirnewhome。Theloud37filledtheroomandmadethemfeelveryhappy.Thenextmorning,38，theirhappinessdisappeared.Someonehadlefta39undertheirdoorduringthenight.Oneoftheirneighborhadwrittentocomplain（抱怨）aboutthesoundofthepiano.Dario'smotherpeopleandhecouldn’timagineanyofthemhaddonethat。Laterthatmorning，Dariosuggestedthattheywritealettertotheir41andapologizefortheirplaying。＂Maybewecouldgoand42everyoneinperson。＂hismothersaid.＂Whatifweinvitedthemtocomeherefora43instead?＂Darioasked。theirguests.Theydecoratedtheapartmentwithstreamers（彩带)andpartylights.Finally,thedayoftheparty46.Someguestsbroughtpresents.Othersbroughtflowers。Someevenbroughtdessertsto47。Onewoman，Mrs。Gilbert,48Dario'smotherwithabookofpianomusicbyChopin。＂Iheardyouplayingtheothernight，＂shesaid.＂Thesoundswokemeoutofbed。I49thatyoumightplaylikethiseverynight.SoIwroteashortnote.Ihopeyoudon’tthinkIdislikedtheplaying。＂Dario'smothersmiledatMrs.Gilbert。＂Ithinkmaybewe50youanapology.＂shesaid.＂Ididn’t51howlateitwaswhenwewereplaying。Maybeweshouldplaysomequietermusicatnight。＂＂Youplay,youplay！＂Mrs。Gilbertsaid.＂Ilikewhatyouplay！Justnotsoloudatnight。＂Shepointedtothebookshehadgiventhem。＂Thesesongsarenotsuch52music。＂＂Thesesongsarebeautifulmusic。＂Dario'smothersaid.＂Wewillbe53toplaythemintheevening.＂＂Andwewon'tplaysoloudorlate！＂Dariosaid。Hewasalreadylookingforwardto54thenewmusic。Morethanthat，however,hewashappytoseethebigsmileonhismother'sface.Itgavehimafeelingof55andmadehimfeelthattheywerehomeatlast。36.A。sat B.stood C。lay D。walked37。A.voice B.ring C.music D.cry38。A.therefore B。however C.otherwise D。instead39。A。note B。poster C.bill D.report40。A.proud B.rich C.lucky D。nice41。A.neighbors B。friends C。relatives D。audience42.A.blame B。instruct C.question D.visit43.A.party B.concert C。show D。play44.A。experience B。idea C.performance D。action45.A.to B。with C.for D.from46。A。continued B.arrived C.passed D.finished47.A.order B。sell C。share D。advertise48。A.treated B.presented C。helped D。served49.A.promised B.admitted C。agreed D。worried50。A。give B。send C。offer D。owe51.A.realize B。remember C.understand D。accept52.A.sweet B.strange C.funny D.loud53.A。brave B.sorry C。happy D。afraid54。A。changing B。practicing C.recording D.writing55。A。equality B。freedom C.warmth D.sympathy【文章大意】文章讲述了一对母子搬入新家，非常高兴,在深夜弹钢琴庆祝，却打扰了邻居。邻居留言抱怨投诉,母子积极回应，为邻居办了一场派对来缓和邻里关系，从而得到了邻居的谅解。36。A考查动词辨析。根据后文内容在钢琴旁边弹琴的环节可知,应是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏。sit坐，符合题意。37。C考查名词辨析。由前文中的jazzmusic可知,这里是指音乐充满了房间。故选C。38。B考查副词辨析.通过上一段的欢乐幸福气氛和空后的幸福消失了的强烈对比可知，此处需要一个转折副词。故选B。however然而。40.D考查形容词辨析.proud骄傲的，自豪的；rich富裕的;lucky幸运的；nice美好的，愉快的。母子二人向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，由转折词But可知管理员也不知道,由此可知大家通常都是通情达理的,故选D.41.A考查名词辨析。neighbors邻居们；friends朋友们；relatives亲属，亲戚；audiences听众.此题线索明显，全文都是围绕主人公和周围邻居展开的，故选A。42.D考查动词辨析.blame归咎于，指责；instruct通知，命令；question询问，质问；visit参观，拜访。由上文可知，母子两人对于扰民之事十分抱歉,想要去道歉，因此＂指责＂＂指导＂和＂质问＂都不符合语境,故选D。43。A考查名词辨析。party聚会;concert音乐会；show展览；play游戏，比赛。此题为线索题且为原词复现，由后文可知母子为解决此事办了一场派对，并邀请邻居们参加，故选A。44。B考查名词辨析.experience经历，经验;idea主意;performance表演;action行为.此题可用排除法,母子打算办派对,这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演或行为。故选B。45.C考查介词辨析。to到；with伴随着；for为了；from来自。母子办派对，准备了甜点是为了招待客人们，介词for有＂为了＂的含义，故选C。46。B考查动词辨析.continue继续；arrive到达；pass通过；finish完成。根据上文，他们举办了一次聚会，准备许久，这一天终于到来了，故选B。47。C考查动词辨析。order命令，点菜；sell买；share分享；advertise做广告。根据本句话的意思：甚至有人带了甜点来分享,故选C.48。B考查动词辨析。句意：Mrs。Gibert送给Dario的妈妈一本乐谱，能表达出＂送＂这个动作的只有present(呈现……,给……）,故选B。49.D考查动词辨析.根据