人教版八年级上册unit3知识点讲解

第三讲Unit3I'mmoreoutgoingthanmysister重要短语theonewithshorthair头发较短的那个人befantastic好极了runfast跑的快aslongas只要，既然bedifferentfrom与….不同bringout使显现，使表现出thesameas和…..相同infact实际上besimilarto与…相像的primaryschool小学carebout关心Tina要比Tina要比Tara外向些。Tina和Tara工作一样努力Lisa比Nelly唱的好一些＜TinaismoreoutgoingthanTara.TaraworksashardasTina.LisasangbetterthanNelly.ButyoucantellthatLisapracticedalotmoreandreallywanttowin.但是你知道Lisa练习得更多，她真的想赢得比赛的胜利Themostimportantthingistolearnsomethingandhavefun.最重要的是能学有所得，乐在其中。6.1thinkfriendsarelikebooks—youdon'tneedalotofthemaslongastheyregood.我认为朋友就像书籍。你要不需要太多，只要他们足够好。Idon'reallycareifmyfriendsarethesameasmeordifferent.我真的不在意朋友是否和我相同或是有所不同。Agoodfriendislikeamirror.好朋友就像镜子一样。三.考点精讲1、hard-workingadj工作努力的，辛勤的hard-workingadjMy mother ishard-working.我妈妈工作努力。WorkhardV+advHeworkshardinscienee.他努力学习科学。Heworkshardtobeahard-workingstudent.他为了成为一名努力的学生而努力学习。2.as….as和口…..—■样as+adj/adv+aseg.Thisroomisasbigasthaton这个房间和那个房间一样大。Tomrunsasfastashisbrother.Tor跑的和她弟弟一样快。例题Listeningisjustas asspeakinginIanguagelearning上海）AimportantBmoreimportantCmostimportantDthemostimportant

3.singingcompetition歌唱比赛英语中，动词-ing形式可以充当前置定语修饰后面的名词拓展：动名词修饰名词的短语：Swimmingpool游泳池Shoppinglist购物篮Readingroom阅览室Walkingstick拐杖Changingroom更衣室Dressingroom梳妆台4.tellv—词多义告诉Pleasetellmeaboutit.Youshouldtellhimthetruth.讲述Marylikestellingjokes.玛丽喜欢讲笑话。吩咐；命令Thepolicemantoldthedrivertomovehiscar.辨别；区分Canyoutellmethedifferencesbetweenthetwopictures?5.winv赢得现在分词winning， 过去式和过去分词均为won.Whichteamwon?哪个队赢了?辨析win和beatWin过去式won意为“赢，获胜”通常和“game,war，match,prize等之类的名词作宾语，即Winsthobeat过去式beat意为“击败；胜过，后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词，即beatsb.Theywonthegameyesterda他们昨天赢得了那场比赛。ZhangYiningwonagoldmedalinthewomen'singles张怡宁赢得了女子单打金牌。3Webeatthemandwonthegame我们打败他们赢得了比赛。例题Healways thematchwhenweplayping-pong.AbeatBwinCbeatsDwinstalentedadj有才能的，有才干的=giftedBetalentedin….在…..有天赋Betalentedinsth/doingsth在….有天赋EgMozartwastalentedinmusic.莫扌L特有音乐的天赋。同意词giftedadj有天赋的Sheisagiftedviolinist.她是位有天赋的小提琴手。拓展二Talentn天赋haveatalentfor .有天赋, 才能eg.Thewomanhasatalentforcooking.4.trulyadv真正，确实EgIt'trulyamemorableoccasion.这确实是一件值得纪念的盛事。Trueadj真实的EgItisatruestory.真实的故事。truthn真相EgPleasetellmethetruth.trulyAdv由衷地，真诚的EgHetrulyloveshischildren.他由衷地爱着他的孩子们。5.careabout关心EgDoyoucareaboutyourfuture?你关心自己的未来吗？vCareabout关心；在意Hedoesn'tcareaboutthenews.他对这条新闻不关心。Carefor喜欢，愿意Wouldyoucareforacupofcoffee?你愿意喝咖啡吗？takecare小心Heisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.他长大了，能自己照顾自己了。Takecareof照顾，照顾Lindatakesgoodcareofheryoungerbrother.Linda很好地照顾她弟弟。7.makeV做，制做，迫使Look!Theyaremakingpaperboats.看！他们在做纸船。Myfathermadeaplaneformeyesterday.昨天爸爸给我做了个飞机模型。Make是使役动词，意为"使 ”后接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语，即makesbdosth.EgHowdidhemakethebabystopcrying?他怎么让宝宝停止哭泣的？Herjokemakeuslaugh.他的笑话让我们大笑例题Theboymadefaces hisclassmates .

Amake,laughBtomake,laughCmake,tolaughDtomake,tolaugh拓展： 常接动词原形的使役动词letsbdosth让….做…EgLetmehaveatry.让我试一试。havesbdosth让某人干某事EgHehadmegivehimahelp他让我帮个忙。make+宾语+形容词egThebadnewsmakemesad这个坏消息让我很伤心。=Thebadnewsmakemefeelsad.这个坏消息让我感到很伤心。拓展make短语Makemoney挣钱Makefriends交朋友Makeamistake犯错误Makethebed整理床铺Makefaces做鬼脸Makefire生火Makeaplan制疋计划Makeateam组建一支队伍典例I amistake.Heisangrywithme.AmakeBmadeCwillmakeDhadmade8」aughv笑，发笑EgHelaughsbestwholaughslast.谁笑到最后，笑得最好。拓展laughat嘲笑EgDon'laughatothers.别嘲笑他人。thesameas禾口…..一样thesameas和bedifferentfrom的区另UThesameas禾口….一样Idon'liketodothesamethingsasher.我不想和她做一样的事。Myhairstyleisthesameashers.我的发型和她的发型一样。Bedifferentfrom与…..不同MyhobbiesaredifferentfromLucy'.我的爱好和Lucy的不同。拓展：thesametoyou!你也一样!Happynewyear!新年快乐！Thesametoyou!你也一样！例题ThroughLilyandLucyaretwins,theylook eachother.AthesameasBthesameCdifferentfrom Ddifferentbothadv两个，两个都AdjAdv置于被修饰的名词前BothstudentslikeEnglish.AdjAdv置于被修饰的名词前BothstudentslikeEnglish.两个学生都喜欢英语。主语后，实义动词前。Be动词之TheybothlikeEnglish.TheyarebothChinese.他俩都是中国人。后PrepBothof…BothofthemareChinese.他俩是中国人。---WhichofthetwoEnglishdietionarieswillyoubuy?---1willbuy ofthem,soIcangiveonetomyfriends,HelenAeitherBneitherCallDbothBoth与all的区别Both两者都Bothplansaregood.两个计划都很好。all三者或三者以上都Allteachersliketogothere.所有的老师都喜欢去那儿。Samlookslikehisdad.Theyare tall.AeitherBanyCallDbothseriousadj严肃的、稳重的EgMrSmithisaseriousman.Smith是个严肃的人。Whoismoreserious,SamorTom?Seriouslyadv认真地，严肃地EgYoutakeworkseriously.你工作真认真。reachfor伸手去拿EgHereachedoverforthelastcake.他伸手过来拿最后一块蛋糕。辨析reach/getto/arrivein/atReach+地点IreachedBeijinglastnight.Getto+地点IgottoBeijinglastnight.Arrivein+大地点Arriveat+小地点IarrivedinBeijinglastnight.IarrivedatBeijingairportlastnight.12.breakV使…..破坏break---breaks—breaking—----broke--- brokenV原三单现在分词过去式过去分词.EgTheplatebrokeintopieceswhenitfellonthefloor.break+身体部位 弄破，弄断eg.Hefelldownandbrokehisleftleg.他跌倒摔断了左腿。——Whyisn'Tomheretoday?----He hisarmyesterday,andnowheisinthehospital.AbreakBbreaksCbroken Dbroken13.shareV分享，共用，分摊Share---sharing---shared---shared拓展：share ..withsb与某人分享EgMyfriendssharetheirhappinessandsadnesswithme.loudadj响亮的，大声的LoudAdj大声的，响亮的Themusicistooloud.loudlyAdv 大声地，响亮地Healwaysspeaksloudly.13.informationn信息，消息information为不可数名词,一则消息"apieceofinformation”Theygotmuch ontheInternet.AphotoBideaCmessageDinformation语法专讲 形容词、副词比较级一、变化形式规则变化：1） 力卩 er,est: great---greater,small----smallerclean—cleaner,fast----faster,long---IongerThebusrunsfast.Thecarrunsfasterthanthebus.Theracingcarrunsfastestofthethree.2） 以e结尾的直接力卩r:late--later, fine--finer, nice--nicer,wide---wider,large--largerTomgoestoschoollate.--JimgoestoschoollaterthanJim.--Kategoestoschoollatestinherclass.3） 辅音字母力卩y结尾的,把y变i加er,est:busy--busier,easy--easier,funny--funnier,heavy-heavierMrmonkeyisbusy-MrduckisbusierthanMrmonkey.-Mrcatisthebusiestofalltheanimals.4） 元音加辅音结尾的，双写辅音字母加 er,est:sad--sadder,hot-hotter,big--bigger,red--redder,fat---fatter,thin--thinnerLilyissad-Lucyissadderthanlily.-Kateisthesaddestinthefamily.5） 其他多音节词在前面加 more,themost:beautiful----morebeautiful,careful---morecareful,difficult---moredifficult,delicious---moredelicious,tired---moretired,pleased---morepleasedWhichisthemostimportantinvention?IthinkTVisimportant,IthinkfridgeismoreimportantthanTV.-Ithinkcomputeristhemostimportantinvention.6） 有些形容词没有比较级:right,wrong,favorite7） 比较级用much,alittle 修饰，最高级用of,in不规则变化：Good-better-best;bad-worse-worst;much/many-more-most;little-less-least;old-older/elder;farAs...as/notso...as/notas...asThisbuildinglooksnotso(as)highasthatoneMs．SunspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyouThisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.二、比较级的用法双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级十than”的结构表示．例如：Thispenisbetterthanthatone.表示一方不及另一方时，用“less十原级十than”的结构表示．例如：Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone．表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如：even，alot，abit，alittle ，still，much，far，yet，byfar等修饰．例如：Heworksevenharderthanbefore．注意：英语的比较级前如无even，still，或yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”，如：Sheisbetterthanshewasyesterday ．她比昨天好些了．Pleasecomeearliertomorrow．请明天早点来．注意：byfar通常用于强调最高级．用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”．如Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the十比较级(主语十谓语)，the十比较级(主语十谓语)”的结构．例如：Theharderheworks，thehappierhefeels．不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级十and十比较级”的结构．例如：Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Thegirlbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful．在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物．that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词.例如：Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthanthatonthedesk.Aboxmadeofironisstrongerthanonemadeofwood ．表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Aisthree(four，ete)timesthesize(height，length，width，ete)ofB.例如；Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone ．这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍]).Aisthree(four，etc)timesasbig(high，long，wide，etc.)asB.例如：AsiaisfourtimesaslaregasEurope ，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍.)Aisthree(four，etc．)timesbigger(higher，longer，wider，etc．)thanB．例如：Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours ，你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍．(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大．)用times表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数．表示两倍可以用twice或double三、最高级的用法三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the十最高级”的结构表示．这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语．例如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree ．Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.最高级可被序数词以及much，byfar，nearly，almost，bynomeans，notquite，notreally，nothinglike等词语所修饰.例如：Thishatisbyfar ／much／nearly／almost／notnearly／bynomeans/notquite／nothinglikethebiggest ．Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcoat?表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级．形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略．Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass ．作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词．例如0falltheboyshecame(the)earliest．Unit3针对性训练一、写出下列单词的比较级1.short 2.smart funny 4.friendly--- lazy--- 6.good-- 7.loudly--- 8.guiet-- 9.clearly-- 10.hard—working 二、单项选择1.LucyhasmorefriendsthanLily AisBhaveCwasDdoes2.It'saniceday, Aisn'titBisitCwasn'titDwasit3.Tom'sclothesareshorterthan AmeBICmyDmine4.IsLiLeias asLintao?AmoreoutgoingBoutgoingCtallerDolder5.Thispenisn't cheap thatone.Aas,soBso,asCthesame,asDso,soIthinkTomcan thefirstprize.AwinBbeatCwonDwinning---Doyouthinkmo