考研阅读必备真题英语一2023

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考研阅读必备真题英语一1

Twoyearsago.RupertMurdochsdaughter,spokeattheunsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethatthemechanisminsocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarketwethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinuedItsincreasinglyabsenceofpurpose，ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,couldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.Thissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompanies,suchasInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldforehadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes-findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindingthepredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge-thewidedearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2023tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thislongstorystillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefencewasthatsheknewnothing.

Intodaysworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions-norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.

36.Accordigntothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby

(A)theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.

(B)companiesfinanciallossduetoimmoralpractices

(C)governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.

(D)thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions.

37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that

(A)GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.

(B)morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.

(C)AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.

(D)phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.

38.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrookssdefence

(A)revealedacunningpersonality.

(B)centeredontrivialissues.

(C)washardlyconvincing.

(D)waspartofaconspiracy.

39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows

(A)generallydistortedvalues.

(B)unfairwealthdistribution.

(C)amarginalizedlifestyle.

(D)arigidmoralcode.

40Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

(A)Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.

(B)Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.

(C)Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.

(D)Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

36.Atheconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism

37.Bmorejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking

38.Cwashardlyconvincing

39.Agenerallydistortedvalues

40.Cmoralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper

考研阅读必备真题英语一2

Text4

“TheHeartoftheMatter,”thejust-releasedreportbytheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences,deservespraiseforaffirmingtheimportanceofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencestotheprosperityandsecurityofliberaldemocracyinAmerica.Regrettably,however,thereportsfailuretoaddressthetruenatureofthecrisisfacingliberaleducationmaycausemoreharmthangood.

In2023,leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicanssentletterstotheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.

Inresponse,theAmericanAcademyformedtheCommissionontheHumanitiesandSocialSciences,withDukeUniversityPresidentRichardBrodheadandretiredExelonCEOJohnRoweasco-chairmen.Amongthecommissions51membersaretop-tier-universitypresidents,scholars,lawyers,judges,andbusinessexecutives,aswellasprominentfiguresfromdiplomacy,filmmaking,musicandjournalism.

Thegoalsidentifiedinthereportaregenerallyadmirable.Becauserepresentativegovernmentpresupposesaninformedcitizenry,thereportsupportsfullliteracy;stressesthestudyofhistoryandgovernment,particularlyAmericanhistoryandAmericangovernment;andencouragestheuseofnewdigitaltechnologies.

Toencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcallsforincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudentsabilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday.Thereportalsoadvocatesgreaterstudyofforeignlanguages,internationalaffairsandtheexpansionofstudyabroadprograms.

OneofthemorenovelideasinthereportisthecreationofaCultureCorpsincitiesandtownacrossAmericatotransmithumanisticandsocialscientificexpertisefromonegenerationtothenext.

Unfortunately,despite2?yearsinthemaking,TheHeartoftheMatternevergetstotheheartofthematter:theilliberalnatureofliberaleducationatourleadingcollegesanduniversities.

ThecommissionignoresthatforseveraldecadesAmericascollegesanduniversitieshaveproducedgraduateswhodontknowthecontentandcharacterofliberaleducationandarethusdeprivedofitsbenefits.Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceathomeoncampushasbeenreplacedbytheuseofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesasvehiclesfordisseminatingprogressive,orleft-liberalpropaganda.

Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,self-relianceandadistrustofcentralplanning—asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectualinvestigation.

TheAAASdisplaysgreatenthusiasmforliberaleducation.Yetitsreportmaywellsetbackreformbyobscuringthedepthandbreadthofthechallengethatcongressaskedittoilluminate.

36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheAAAS’sreport?

[A]Critical

[B]Appreciative

[C]Contemptuous

[D]Tolerant

本篇文章选自华尔街日报。主要讲的是非自由教育以及”问题核心”这个报告。

答案解析：

36.选A，该题是细节态度题。并非考察全文的态度，也就是说要细节定位。依据题干定位原则，定位第一段AAAS消失之处，并且肯定要找到表示评价的部分。该题迷惑性很强，由于文章在AAAS后面就又”praise”所以简单误导大家选择答案B“appreciative(观赏的)”，但是我们应当看到有however，我们知道假如第一段消失转折，那此转折肯定跟主旨有关。同时各个题都与主旨相关，所以这道题应当于主旨相关，后文中的“maycausemoreharmthangood.”让我们知道它的还多余利，所以答案选择A，批判性的。

37.InfluentialfiguresintheCongressrequiredthattheAAASreportonhowto

[A]retainpeople’sinterestinliberaleducation

[B]definethegovernment’sroleineducation

[C]keepaleadingpositioninliberaleducation

[D]safeguardindividualsrightstoeducation

37，选C，细节题。依据自然段定位原则，36题在第一段出题，38题在第三段出题，那37题在其次段出题的可能性就很大。同时题干定位”InfluentialfiguresintheCongress”与“leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicans”同义替换。定位的答案是askingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateand…..,individualbenefactorsandotherstoaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.“Inhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.“也就是说答案重点在maintainnationalexcellence刚好与选项C中的leadingposition进行同义替换。ABD与文章不符合。

38.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereportsuggests

[A]anexclusivestudyofAmericanhistory

[B]agreateremphasisontheoreticalsubjects

[C]theapplicationofemergingtechnologies

[D]fundingforthestudyofforeignlanguages

38，选C，推理题。Suggest是推理题的标志。先化选项关键词，发觉选项A是讲Americanhistory选项B;是讲theoreticalsubjects;选项C]emergingtechnologies;选项Dfundingforeignlanguages。返回原文定位的时候，A选项中的“exclusive排外”并没有在“stressesthestudyofhistoryandgovernment,particularlyAmericanhistoryandAmericangovernment;”这句话中体现。B选项中的理论学科没有定位点。D选项与原文“increasedfundingforteachers”以及“greaterstudyofforeignlanguages,”不符。属于张冠李戴。“encouragestheuseofnewdigitaltechnologies.”与选项C同义替换。

39.TheauthorimpliesinParagraphSthatprofessorsare

[A]supportiveoffreemarkets

[B]cautiousaboutintellectualinvestigation

[C]conservativeaboutpublicpolicy

[D]biasedagainstclassicalliberalideas

39题选B，属于推理题。Implies是推理题的标志。同时依据提题干定位第五段，找professor.“professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,self-reliance—asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectualinvestigation.”A选项中的freemarkets前面的修饰词语是conservativeorliberalideas没有体现A选项中的supportive。C选项中的conservative与文中progressivepublicpolicy不符合。D选项中biased没有体现，故排解。所以选B。

40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]WaystoGrasp“TheHeartoftheMatter”

[B]IlliberalEducationand“TheHeartoftheMatter”

[C]TheAAAS’sContributiontoLiberalEducation

[D]ProgressivePolicyvs.LiberalEducation

40.题选择B。主旨大意题。先看其他题题干，我们锁定关键词是report，而report就是“theheartofthematter“故排解C和D.而我们看A发觉文章并没有讲如何抓住“问题核心”的各个方法。排解A，选择B

考研阅读必备真题英语一3

Text4

Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedoutmuchofArizona’simmigrationlawMonday-amodestpolicyvictoryfortheObamaAdministration.ButonthemoreimportantmatteroftheConstitution,thedecisionwasan8-0defeatfortheAdministration’sefforttoupsetthebalanceofpowerbetweenthefederalgovernmentandthestates.

InArizonav.UnitedStates,themajorityoverturnedthreeofthefourcontestedprovisionsofArizona’scontroversialplantohavestateandlocalpoliceenforcefederalimmigrationlaw.TheConstitutionalprinciplesthatWashingtonalonehasthepowerto“establishauniformRuleofNaturalization”andthatfederallawsprecedestatelawsarenoncontroversial.Arizonahadattemptedtofashionstatepoliciesthatranparalleltotheexistingfederalones.

JusticeAnthonyKennedy,joinedbyChiefJusticeJohnRobertsandtheCourt’sliberals,ruledthatthestateflewtooclosetothefederalsun.Ontheoverturnedprovisionsthemajorityheldthecongresshaddeliberately“occupiedthefield”andArizonahadthusintrudedonthefederal’sprivilegedpowers.

However,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbeallowedtoverifythelegalstatusofpeoplewhocomeincontactwithlawenforcement.That’sbecauseCongresshasalwaysenvisionedjointfederal-stateimmigrationenforcementandexplicitlyencouragesstateofficerstoshareinformationandcooperatewithfederalcolleagues.

TwoofthethreeobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoandClarenceThomas-agreedwiththisConstitutionallogicbutdisagreedaboutwhichArizonarulesconflictedwiththefederalstatute.TheonlymajorobjectioncamefromJusticeAntoninScalia,whoofferedanevenmorerobustdefenseofstateprivilegesgoingbacktothealienandSeditionActs.

The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJusticeSamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“ashockingassertionassertionoffederalexecutivepower”.TheWhiteHousearguedthatArizona’slawsconflictedwithitsenforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompliedwithfederalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,theWhiteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.

Somepowersdobelongexclusivelytothefederalgovernment,andcontrolofcitizenshipandthebordersisamongthem.ButifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheirownresourcestocheckimmigrationstatus,itcould.Itneverdidso.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthatbecauseitdidn’twanttocarryoutCongress’simmigrationwishes,nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.EveryJusticerightlyrejectedthisremarkableclaim.

36.ThreeprovisionsofArizona’splanwereoverturnedbecausethey

[A]deprivedthefederalpoliceofConstitutionalpowers.

[B]disturbedthepowerbalancebetweendifferentstates.

[C]oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigrationlaw.

[D]contradictedboththefederalandstatepolicies.

37.OnwhichofthefollowingdidtheJusticesagree,accordingtoParagraph4?

[A]Federalofficers’dutytowithholdimmigrants’information.

[B]States’independencefromfederalimmigrationlaw.

[C]States’legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement.

[D]Congress’sinterventioninimmigrationenforcement.

38.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thattheAlienandSeditionActs

[A]violatedtheConstitution.

[B]underminedthestates’interests.

[C]supportedthefederalstatute.

[D]stoodinfavorofthestates.

39.TheWhiteHouseclaimsthatitspowerofenforcement

[A]outweighsthatheldbythestates.

[B]isdependentonthestates’support.

[C]isestablishedbyfederalstatutes.

[D]rarelygoesagainststatelaws.

40.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

[A]ImmigrationissuesareusuallydecidedbyCongress.

[B]JusticesintendedtocheckthepoweroftheAdministrstion.

[C]JusticeswantedtostrengthenitscoordinationwithCongress.

[D]TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.

考研阅读必备真题英语一4

Text4

It‘snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightful，provocativemagazinecoverstory，“IloveMyChildren，IHateMyLife，”isarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfilling，life-enrichingexperience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable，Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness：insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy，weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard，Seniorwritesthat“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.”

ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullock，aswellastheusual“JenniferAnistonispregnant”news.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom，ormom-to-be，smilingonthenewsstands.

Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation，isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?Itdoesn‘tseemquitefair，then，tocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkids，butunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld：obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives.

Ofcourse，theimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealistic，especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples，singleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere，consideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohe