06月大学英语四考试真题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutetowriteashortessayonthetopicofstudentsselectingtheirlectures.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？.也会带来一些问题.你的看法？FreeadmissiontomuseumsPartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HowDoYouSeeDiversity?Asamanager,Tiffanyisresponsibleforinterviewingapplicantsforsomeofthepositionswithhercompany.Duringoneinterview,shenoticedthatthecandidatenevermadedirecteyecontact.Shewaspuzzledandsomewhatdisappointedbecauseshelikedtheindividualotherwise.Hehadaperfectresumeandgavegoodresponsestoherquestions,butthefactthatheneverlookedherintheeyesaid“untrustworthy」soshedecidedtoofferthejobtohersecondchoice.“Itwasn'tuntilIattendedadiversityworkshopthatIrealizedthepersonwepassedoverwastheperfectperson/9Tiffanyconfesses.Whatshehadn'tknownatthetimeoftheinterviewwasthatthecandidate's"different“behaviorwassimplyaculturalmisunderstanding.HewasanAsian-Americanraisedinahouseholdwhererespectforthoseinauthoritywasshownbyaverting(避开)youreyes.“Iwasjustthrownoffbythelackofyecontact;notrealizingitwascultural/9Tiffanysays."Imissedout5butwillnotmissthatopportunityagain.”Manyofushavehadsimilarencounterswithbehaviorsweperceiveasdifferent.Astheworldbecomessmallerandourworkplacesmorediverse,itisbecomingessentialtoexpandourunder-standingofothersandtoreexaminesomeofourfalseassumptions.HireAdvantageAtatimewhenhiringqualifiedpeopleisbecomingmoredifficult,employerswhocaneliminateinvalidbiases(偏爱)fromtheprocesshaveadistinctadvantage.Mycompany,MindsetsLLC,helpsorganizationsandindividualsseetheirownblindspots.Arealestaterecruiterweworkedwithillustratesthepositivedifferencesuchtrainingcanmake.“DuringmyMindsetscoachingsession,1wastaughthowtorecruitadiversifiedworkforce.Irecruitedpeoplefromdifferentculturesandskillsets.Theagentswereabletoutilizetheirfullpotentialandexperiencestobuildupthecompany.Whentherealestatemarketbegantochange,itwasbecausewehadadiverseagentpoolthatwewereabletostayintherealestatemarketmuchlongerthanothersinthesameprofession.^BlindedbyGenderDaleisanaccountexecutivewhoattendedoneofmyworkshopsonsupervisingadiverseworkforce."Throughoneofthesessions,1discoveredmypersonalbiasherecalls,"IlearnedIhadnotbeenlookingatapersonasawholeperson,andbeingopentodifferencesInhiscase,85afurthersalesdeclineof1.2percentthisyear.Someexpertsbelievethatifthetrendcontinuesformuchlonger,furtherconsolidation(合并)intheautomotivesectoris86.A)profitpaymentA)mostlyA)profitpaymentA)mostlypartiallyA)ThereforeB)BesidesA)driftB)tideA)remarkablyB)essentiallyA)WhileBecauseA)surgingstretchingA)unlessifA)lowerslighterA)liabletointermsofA)uniquesimilarA)overagainstA)messboomA)proceededB)relievedA)quickeningB)wideningA)averageB)massiveA)labelscyclesA)oruntilA)concludespredictsA)distantlikelyincomebudgetoccasionallyrarelyC)OtherwiseD)ConsequentlycurrenttrendspeciallyD)particularlyC)WhenSinceC)slippingD)shakingasafterbroaderlargerthankstoinviewofmysteriousstrangeonbehindgrowthdecaylaunchedrevisedstrengtheningD)lengtheningC)abundantgeneralvehiclesdevicesbutthenC)reckonsD)prescribesC)temporaryD)immediatePartVITranslation(5minutes)Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.Soonafterhetransferredtothenewschool,Alifoundthathehad （很难跟上班里的同学）inmathandEnglish.Ifshehadreturnedanhourearlier,Mary（就不会被大雨淋湿了）.Itissaidthatthosewhoarestressedorworkingovertimeare（更有可能增加体重）.（很多人所没有意识到的）isthatSimonisaloverofsports,andfootballinparticular.Thestudyshowsthatthepoorfunctioningofthehumanbodyis（与缺乏锻炼密切相关）参考答案PartIWritingFreeAdmissiontoMuseumsNowadays,anincreasingnumberofmuseumsareadmission-freetovisitorshomeandabroad.Thehiddenreasonbehindthisisnothardtoanalyzeasthere9sagrowingawarenessfortheauthoritiesregardingtheurgencyofpopularizationofculture,knowledgeandhistorywitheveryaveragepersoninoursociety.Onlywithfreeaccesstothislive4database\canmostpeoplefullyenjoywhatmuseumscouldoffertothem.However,freeadmissiontomuseumsmightleadtosomesocialproblemsaswell.Themostobviousproblemisthatitmightgivemuseumsaveryheavyeconomicburdenwhichdirectlyimpedesthesustainabledevelopmentoftheseorganizations.Asaresult,ourgovernmenthastoworkoutotherwaystocollectfundsfromdifferentchannels,whichmightbedifficulttooperateorcontrol.Ontheotherhand,freeadmissionattractstoomanyvisitors,someofwhichmightnotbewell-purposedanddosomeconsciousorunconsciousdamagetothevaluabletreasureswhichusedtobewell-preservedinthemuseums.Asauniversitystudent,Iaminfavorofthefree-admissionconduct.Yetitisproposedthatsomemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvethepotentialproblemscausedbyit.Forexample,museumscanmakesomeregulationstoguidethebehaviorofvisitorsorsetsome'closed'daysformuseumsfbrregularmaintenance.Onlyinthiswaycanfree-admissiontomuseumsbecomealong-lastingphenomenonandhavesustainabledevelopment.PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）阅读答案A.Hejustwouldn,tlookherinthedye。CculturalignoranceBIncreasingunderstandingofpeopleofotherculturesoBApersonneltrainingcompanyoDhemustgetridofhisgenderbiasCIthelpedhimmakefairdecisionsoAHetoldhimtogetthedatesrightoembarrassedinclusivenessdifferencesandsimilarities听力：短对话ShehasalwaysenjoyedgreatpopularityTheyaregoingtohaveaholidayHewasverycourageousBuyanewwashingmachineHeisnotexcitedabouthisnewpositionThemanofferstodrivethewomentothepartyFinalizingacontractSheorderedsomepaper长对话HecannolongerworkatseaShepassedawayyearsagoShehasnevergotonwithherfatherHeisexcellentbutlooksbad-temperedSomeofthepacksdonotcontainmanualssolvetheproblemathercompany'scostIdeal短文：26Cit'sentertaining27Ctheymaycatchsomedisease28Dcontinuethefeedingtillitgetwarm29Chewillliewheneverhewants30Ashemadehimapologize31Dmovefurnitureforher32Atheatmospheretheyliveinisratherunreal33Dhehastoomuchtoknowthevalueofthings34Dshehasnotimetodoitherself35DthelifestyledepictedinHollywoodmovies复合式听写答案：36concentrated 40row37information38depends37information38depends39straight42phenomenon（现象）43efficiently44oursecondruleoflearningisthis:itisbettertostudyfairlybrieflybutoften。45Let'ssayyouaretryingtolearnsomenewandratherdifficultEnglishvocabularyusingastackofcardso46Theanswerisitisbettertospaceoutthepresentationsofthewordyouaretolearno47.Mrequire48.Ipainful49.Fespecially50.Eenormous51.Hmission52.Denhance53.Bdaily54.Jperformance55.Kprofession56AdailyAitinspiredmanyleadingdesignerstostartgoinggreenDqualityorganicreplacementsforsyntheticsarenotreadilyavailableDaregainingmoreandmoresupportAshedoesn'tseemtocareaboutitBithasaverypromisingfutureBaperson'shairmayrevealwheretheyhavelivedoCfoodanddrinkleavetracesinone'sbodytissuesBthewateritdeliversbecomeslighterwhenitmovesinlandoDachartillustratingthemovementoftherainsystemoCithelpsthepolicenarrowdownpossibililitiesindetectiveworko完型:D.budget71.D.particularlyA.mostly 69.B.besides72.A.while73.D.shaking70.D.trend.D.largerA.proceeded86.B.likely.D.inviewof77.A.unique74.B.ifD.budget71.D.particularlyA.mostly 69.B.besides72.A.while73.D.shaking70.D.trend.D.largerA.proceeded86.B.likely.D.inviewof77.A.unique74.B.if78.A.over81.B.widening82.B.massive83.C.vehicles79.D.decay 80.84.A.or 85.B.predict翻译difficulty(in)catchingupwithhisclassmateswouldn'thavebeencaughtbytherainmorelikelytoputonweightWhatmanypeopledon'trealizecloselyrelativetothelackofexercisetheblindnesswasnotaboutculturebutrathergender.“Ihadamanagementpositionopeninmydepartment;andthetwofinalistswereamanandawoman.HadInotattendedthisworkshop,Iwouldhaveautomaticallyassumedthemanwasthebestcandidatebecausethepositionrequiredquiteabitofextensivetravel.Myreasoningwouldhavebeenthateventhoughbothcandidatesweregreatandcouldhavebeensuccessfulintheposition,Iassumedthewomanwouldhavewantedtobehomewithherchildrenandnottravel."Dale'sassumptionsareanotherexampleofthewell-intentionedbutincorrectthinkingthatlimitsanorganization'sabilitytotapintothefullpotentialofadiverseworkforce.“Ilearnedfromtheclassthatinsteadofimposingmygenderbiasesintothesituation,Ineededtopresentthefullrangeofduties,responsibilitiesandexpectationstoallcandidatesandallowthemtomakeaninformeddecisionDalecreditstheworkshop,"becauseithelpedmemakedecisionsbasedonfairnessYearoftheKnow-It-AllDougisanothersupervisorwhoattendedoneofmyworkshops.Herecallsamajorlessonlearnedfromhisownemployee.“OneofmymostembarrassingmomentswaswhenIhadaChinese-AmericanemployeeputinarequesttotaketimeofftocelebrateChineseNewYear.Inmyignorance,Iassumedhehadhisdateswrong,asthefirstofJanuaryhadjustpassed.WhenIadvisedhimofthis,Igavehimalongtalking-toaboutturninginrequestsearlywiththeproperdates.“Hepatientlywaited9thenwhenIwasdone,hesaidhewouldlikeChineseNewYeardidnotbeginJanuaryfirst,andthatChineseNewYear,whichistiedtothelunarcycle,isoneofthemostcelebratedholidaysontheChinesecalendar.Needlesstosay,Ifeltveryembarrassedinassuminghehadhisdatesmixedup.ButIlearnedagreatdealaboutassumptions,andthatthetimingofholidaysvariesconsiderablyfromculturetoculture."AttendingthediversityworkshophelpedmerealizehowmuchIcouldlearnbysimplyaskingquestionsandcreatingdialogueswithmyemployees,ratherthanmakingassumptionsandtryingtobeaknow-it-allJDougadmits."ThebiggestthingItookawayfromtheworkshopislearninghowtobemore'inclusive'todifferences/9AbetterBottomLineAnopenmindaboutdiversitynotonlyimprovesorganizationsinternally,itisprofitableaswell.Thesecommentsfromacustomerservicerepresentativeshowhowaninclusiveattitudecanimprovesales."MostofmycustomersspeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.Oneofthebestthingsmycompanyhasdoneistocontractwithalanguageservicethatofferstranslationsoverthephone.Itwasn'tuntilmybossreceivedMindsets'trainingthatshewasabletounderstandhowimportantinclusivenesswastocustomerservice.Asresult,ourcustomerbasehasincreasedOncewestarttoseepeopleasindividuals.anddiscardthestereotypes,wecanmovepositivelytowardinclusivenessforeveryone.Diversityisaboutcomingtogetherandtakingadvantageofourdifferencesandsimilarities.Itisaboutbuildingbettercommunitiesandorganizationsthatenhanceusasindividualsandreinforceoursharedhumanity.Whenwebegintoquestionourassumptionsandchallengewhatwethinkwehavelearnedfromourpast,fromthemedia,peers,family,friends,etc,webegintorealizethatsomeofourconclusionsareflawed（有缺陷的）orcontrarytoourfundamentalvalues.Weneedtotrainour-selvestothinkdifferently,shiftourmindsetsandrealizethatdiversityopensdoorsforallofus,creatingopportunitiesinorganizationsandcommunitiesthatbenefiteveryone.WhatbotheredTiffanyduringaninterviewwithhercandidate?Hejustwouldn'tlookherintheeye.Hewasslowinansweringherquestions.Hisanswerstosomeofherquestionswereirrelevant.Hisanswerstosomeofherquestionswereirrelevant.Tiffany'smisjudgmentaboutthecandidatestemmedfrom.Racialstereotypes.C)Racialstereotypes.Invalidpersonalbias.D)EmphasisonphysicalappearanceWhatisbecomingessentialinthecourseofeconomicglobalizationaccordingtotheauthor?Hiringqualifiedtechnicalandmanagementpersonnel.Increasingunderstandingofpeopleofothercultures.Constantlyupdatingknowledgeandequipment.Expandingdomesticandinternationalmarkets.WhatkindoforganizationisMindsetsLLC?Arealestateagency.C)Aculturalexchangeorganization.Apersonneltrainingcompany.D)Ahi-techcompanyAfteroneoftheworkshops,accountexecutiveDalerealizedthat.Hehadhiredthewrongperson.Hecouldhavedonemoreforhiscompany.Hehadnotmanagedhisworkforcewell.Hemustgetridofhisgenderbias.WhatdidDalethinkofMindsetsLLC'sworkshop?Itwaswell-intentionedbutpoorlyconducted.Ittappedintotheexecutives5fullpotential.Ithelpedhimmakefairdecisions.Itmetparticipants9diverseneeds.HowdidDoug,asupervisor,respondtoaChinese-Americanemployee'srequestforleave?Hetoldhimtogetthedatesright.C)HeflatlyturneditdownHedemandedanexplanation.D)Hereadilyapprovedit.Dougfeltwhenherealizedthathisassumptionwaswrong.AfterattendingMindsets'workshops,theparticipantscametoknowtheimportanceoftotheirbusiness.Whenweviewpeopleasindividualsandgetridofstereotypes,wecanachievediversityandbenefitfromthebetweenus.PartIII ListeningComprehension (35Minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.A)Sheexpectedmorepeopleatherparty.Sheenjoysentertainingsmallchildren.ShethrewasurprisepartyforherfriendShehasalwaysenjoyedgreatpopularity.A)Theyarenotusedtolivinginacoldplace.TheyfeelluckytoliveinFlorida.Theyaregoingtohaveaholiday.Theyhavenotbookedtheirairticketsyet.A)Hewaspleasedtogetthemedal.Hewasverycourageous.A)Hewaspleasedtogetthemedal.Hewasverycourageous.A)Makeaprofitableinvestment.BuyanewwashingmachineHeusedtobeafirefighter.Hewasaccusedofcausingafire.GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.B)Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.C)Thewomandoesn'tknowhowtogettotheparty.D)Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.A)Drawingupabusinessplan.Discussingatermpaper.A)Sheorderedsomepaper.Shehadtheprinterrepaired.Finalizingacontract.Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.ShechattedonlinewithafriendShefilledinanapplicationformQuestions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Hishealthisgettingworse.Hecannolongerworkatsea.A)Hishealthisgettingworse.Hecannolongerworkatsea.A)Shepassedawayyearsago.Sheusedtoworkasamodel.Hispastlifeupsetshimagooddeal.Hehasnotgottheexpectedpension.Shehasbeenworkingataclinic.Shehasbeenseriouslyillforyears.A)Shehasmadelotsofmoneyasadoctor.Sheisgoingtotakecareofherolddad.Shehasnevergotonwithherfather.Sheiskindandgenerousbynature.A)Hedinesoutwithhiswifeeveryweekend.Heisexcellentbutlookshad-tempered.Hedoesnotcareabouthisappearance.Heisnotquitepopularwithhispatients.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)ThemanhassenttheordertothewomanbymistakeSomeofthetelephonesystemsdon'tworkproperlySomeofthepacksdonotcontainanymanuals.Thequalityofthegoodsisnotuptothestandard.A)Sendaserviceengineertodotherepairs.Consultherbossaboutthebestsolution.Passtheman'sordertotherightperson.Thequalityofthegoodsisnotuptothestandard.A)Ideal. C)PartialTemporary D)CreativeSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage.Youwillhearsomequestions.Bossthepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itisentertaining.Itisacostlyhobby.A)Itisentertaining.Itisacostlyhobby.A)Theycanharmnearbyplants.Theymaycatchsomedisease.A)Placethefoodonwarmerspots.Usepreparedfeedmixturesonly.Ittakeslotsoftime.Itrequirestraining.Theyfighteachotherforfood.Theymaypollutetheenvironment.Avoidusinganycontaminatedfood.Continuethefeedingtillitgetswarm.PassageTwoQuestions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Hewillbetrayevenhisbestfriends.Heisabletomakeupgoodexcuses.Hewillliewheneverhewants.HetriestoachievehisgoalatanycostA)ShemadehimapologizeB)ShereadilyforgavehimA)Buyheranewsetoftires.A)ShemadehimapologizeB)ShereadilyforgavehimA)Buyheranewsetoftires.Helpcleanherapartment.Shebrokeupwithhim.SherefusedtoanswerhiscallsLendherhisbatteries.Movefurnitureforher.PassageThreeQuestions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theatmospheretheyliveinisratherunreal.Theirparentsputtoomuchpressureonthem.It'shardfbrthemtogetalongwithotherkids.Theyhavetoliveintheshadowoftheirparents.A)Healwaysboastsabouthisrichfather.Hewillgrowuptobegoodfornothing.Hehastoomuchtoknowthevalueofthings.Heistooyoungtomanagehisinheritedproperty.A)ShewantsAmandatogetprofessionalcare.Shehasnoexperienceinraisingchildren.Shewantstoshowoffherwealth.Shehasnotimetodoitherself.A)ThelifestyledepictedinHollywoodmovies.Theworshipofmoney,beautyandpleasure.Theattentionthemediafocusesonthem.Thepursuingofperfectioninperformance.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Around120yearsago,Ebbinghausbeganhisstudyofmemory.He(36).onstudyinghowquicklythehumanmindcanremember(37) .Oneresultofhisresearchisknownasthetotaltimehypothesis(假设),whichsimplymeanstheamountyoulearn(38)onthetimeyouspendtryingtolearnit.Thiscanbetakenasourfirstruleoflearning.Althoughitisusuallytruethatstudyingforfourhoursisbetterthanstudyingforone,thereisstillthequestionofhowweshouldusethefourhours.Forexample,isitbettertostudyforfourhours(39)ortostudyforonehouradayforfourdaysina(40) ?.Theanswer,asyoumayhave(41) ,isthatitisbettertospreadoutthestudytimes.This(42) ,throughwhichwecanlearnmore(43).bydividingourpracticetime,isknownasthedistributionofpracticeeffect.Thus,(44)*Butwe'renotfinishedyet.Wehaven'tconsideredhowweshouldstudyoververyshortperiodsoftime.(45).Shouldyoulookatthesamewordinrapidsuccession,orlookatthewordandthenhavesomedelaybeforeyoulookatitagain?(46)•PartIVReadingComprehension(readingindepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.EveryyearinthefirstweekofmyEnglishclass,somestudentsinformmethatwrithingistoohard.Theyneverwrite,unlessassignments47it.Theyfinethewritingprocess48anddifficult.Howawfultobeabletospeakinalanguagebutnottowriteinit-49English,withitsrichvocabulary.Beingabletospeakbutnotwriteislikelivinginan50mansion(豪宅)andneverleavingonesmallroom.WhenImeetstudentswhothinktheycan'twrite,Iknowasateachermy51istoshowthemtherestoftherooms.Mytaskistobuildfluencywhileprovidingtheopportunityinherentinanywritingactivityto52themoralandemotionaldevelopmentofmystudents.Onegreatwaytodothisisbyhavingstudentswriteinajournalinclasseveryday.Writingabilityislikestrengthtraining.Writingneedstobedone53,justlikeexercise;justasmusclesgrowstrongerwithexercise,writingskillsimprovequicklywithwritingpractice.Ioftenseeariseinstudentconfidenceand54afteronlyafewweeksofjournalwriting.ExpressingoneselfinwritingisoneofthemostimportantskillsIteachtostrengthenthewholestudent.Whenmystudentspracticejournalwriting,theyarepracticingfortheirfutureacademic,political,and55lives.Theybuildskillssothatsomedaytheymightwriteagreatnovel,apieceofsorelyneededlegislation,or56tofluency,theperfectloveletter.Everydaythattheywriteintheirjournalsputsthemastepeloquence(雄辩)，andcommandoflanguage.56tofluency,I)painfulJ)performanceK)professionL)remarkablyM)requireN)sensitiveO)urgeI)painfulJ)performanceK)professionL)remarkablyM)requireN)sensitiveO)urgedailyC)emotionalD)enhanceE)enormousF)especiallyG)hinderH)missionSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheJanuaryfashionshow,calledFutureFashion,exemplifiedhowfargreendesignhascome.OrganizedbytheNewYork-basednonprofitEarthPledge,theshowinspiredmanytopdesignerstoworkwithsustainablefabricsforthefirsttime.Severalhavesincemadepledgestoincludeorganicfabricsintheirlines.Thedesignerswhoundertakegreenfashionstillfacemanychallenges.ScottHahn,cofounderwithGregoryofRoganandLoomstate,whichusesall-organiccotton,sayshigh-qualitysustainablematerialscanstillbetoughtofine."Mostdesignerswithexistinglabelsarefindingtherearen'tcomparablefabricsthatcanjustreplacewhatyou'redoingandshatyourcustomersareusedto,“hesays.Forexample,organiccottonandnon-organiccottonarevirtuallyindistinguishableoncewovenintoadress.Butsomepopularsynthetics,likestretchnylon,stillhavefeweco-friendlyequivalents.Thosewhodomaketheswitcharefindingtheyhavemoresupport.LastyeartheinfluentialtradeshowDesigners&Agentsstoppedchargingitsparticipationfeeforyounggreenentrepreneurs(企业家)whoattenditstwospringtimeshowsinLosAngelesandNewYorkandgavespecialrecognitiontodesignerswhosecollectionsareatleast25%sustainable.Itnowcountsmorethan50greendesigners,upfromfewerthanadozentwoyearsago.ThisweekWal-Martissettoannounceamajorinitiativeaimedathelpingcottonfarmersgoorganic:itwillbuytransitional(过渡型的)cottonathigherprices,thushelpingtoexpandthesupplyofakeysustainablematerial."Mainstreamisabouttooccur,“saysHahn.Someanalysts(分析师)arelesssure.Amongconsumers,only18%areevenawarethatecofashionexists,upfrom6%fouryearsago.NatalieHormilla,afashionwriter,isanexampleoftheunconvertedconsumer,whenaskedifsheownedanysustainableclothes,shereplied:"NotthatI'mawareof,"Likemostconsumers,shefindslittletimetoshop,andwhenshedoes,she'sonthehuntfor"cutestuffthatisn'ttooexpensive.^^Byherownadmission,greenjustisn'tyetonhermind.But-thankstothecombinedeffortsofdesigners,retailersandsuppliers-onedayitwillbe.WhatissaidaboutFutureFashion?Itinspiredmanyleadingdesignerstostartgoinggreen.Itshowedthatdesignersusingorganicfabricswouldgofar.Itservedasanexampleofhowfashionshowsshouldbeorganized.Itconvincedthepublicthatfashionableclothesshouldbemadedurable.AccordingtoScottHahn,onebigchallengetodesignerswhowillgoorganicisthat .muchmoretimeisneededtofinishadressusingsustainablematerials.theyhavetocreatenewbrandsforclothesmadeoforganicmaterials.customershavedifficultytellingorganicfromnon-organicmaterials.qualityorganicreplacementsforsyntheticsarenotreadilyavailable.WelearnfromParagraph3thatdesignerswhoundertakegreenfashion .canattendvarioustradeshowsfree.arereadilyrecognizedbythefashionworldcanbuyorganiccottonatfavorablepric