新视野大学英语预备级2教案

新视野大学英语读写教程（预备级第二册）教案NewHorizonCollegeEnglish大学外语教研部Unit1GoingoutonDatesI.Discussion:Doyouthinkparentsshouldgivefullinstructionstotheirsonsordaughterswhentheyhavedates?Why?Wouldyoudoastheauthor,smotherdidtoteachyoursonhowtodatewhenheisstillyoung?Why?SentenceAnalysis.…andmostoftheguyshadgoneouton...(Para.2)guy：n.1)[C]aman男人e.g.Doyouknowtheguystandingbehindthebridge?你认识那个站在桥后边的男人吗？2)(pl.)agroupofpeople一伙人e.g.Hey,guys!Comehere.嗨，各位！请到这儿来。Note:在美国英语里，不论对男士或女士说话，都可以用youguys：Whatdoyouguyswanttoeat?你们想吃什么？2.…makingascene,andsaying...(Para.4)makeascene:giveabadshowofoneself当众吵闹；出丑Shewantedtomakeagoodshowofherself,butfinallyshemadeascene,她本来想显示一下自己是个能干的女人，结果却大出洋相。e.g.I’mashamedofyou,makingasceneintherestaurantlikethat.你在饭馆里那样大吵大闹，我真为你感到羞耻。scene:n.1)[C]ashowofemotionsinpublic当众显露情绪e.g.Shewantedtocreateascene.她想当众大闹一场。2)[C]apictureorview景色e.g.Therearesomeprettyscenesinthepark.公园里有许多美丽景色。Itwasabigadventureforme,andIwasfeelingnervousandalittleshy.(Para.6)adventure:n.1)[C]anexperiencethatisstrange,excitingordangerous冒险的经历e.g.Shelefthometotravel,hopingforexcitementandadventure.她离家出游，寻求刺激和冒险的生活。e.g.TheexplorertoldtheboysabouthisadventuresintheNorthPole.探险家把自己在北极的探险经历讲给孩子们听。[U]participationinsth.exciting冒险，冒险活动e.g.He,samanfullofadventure他是一个充满冒险精神的男子。Meaning:Formetodateagirlwasveryexciting,andIwasfeelingnervousaboutitanddidn,tfinditeasytotalktoagirlwhomIdidn,tknowwell.中文翻译：这对于我来说是一次十分激动人心的特别的经历，我感到紧张，甚至有点儿害羞。IwasbotheredbythethoughtthattheotherboyswouldthinkIwasweak,andtobestuckforweeksplaying“DanceoftheFlowers”wastoomuchforme.(Para.7)bother:vt.causetroubleorworrytosb.打扰，烦扰e,g.Idon,twanttobebotheredbyanyoneatthemoment.目前我不想为任何事烦恼。bestuck:beunabletogofurtherordoanythingfurther,esp.becauseofdifficulties被困住的；被难住的e.g.Hewasstuckinthemiddle.他处于进退两难的境地。Meaning:IwasworriedthattheotherboyswouldthinkIwasnotcleverenough.Iplayed“DanceoftheFlowers”forweekswithoutbeingabletodoanythingelseandIwasreallytiredofit.中文翻译：其他男孩会以为我是笨蛋，这种想法困扰着我。连续几个星期辛辛苦苦弹奏"花之圆舞曲”却没有多大进展，这对我来说太难受了。Iwasreallysensitiveaboutshowing...(Para.7)besensitiveabout:easilybecomeworriedorunhappyabout对……敏感的，易受……影响的e.g.Don,tsayanythingbadaboutherwork;she,sverysensitiveaboutit.千万别说她的工作不好，她就怕别人提这件事。sensitive:adj.easilyorquicklymovedbywhatotherssayordo易受影响的；敏感的e.g.Don,tbesosensitive.Iwasonlyjoking.别太敏感，我只不过开了个玩笑。ThenexttimeIwentoutonadate...(Para.11)onadate:meetingaboyfriendorgirlfriend约会e.g.Becausetheyareonadate,manyofusbelievethattheyareinlove.因为他们在约会，我们很多人相信他们在恋爱。in.WordStudy.pushv.①useforceagainststh.forthepurposeofmovingit推e.g.Shepushedthechairoutoftheway.她把挡道的椅子推开。makeone'swaybypushing挤；推进e.g.Hepushedhiswaythroughthecrowd.他在人群中向前挤。trytoforcesb.todosth.催促；逼迫e.g.Don'tpushyourselftoohard,oryou'llgetill.工作别太卖命了，要不然你要生病的。e.g.Hepushedherintomakingadecision.他催促她做出决定。2.embarrassv.causetofeelanxiousanduncomfortable使发窘，使尴尬不好意思e.g.Shedidnotwanttoembarrasshiminfrontofsomanyguestsbyrefusinghisrequests.她不想在那么多客人面前拒绝他的要求，使他感到尴尬。e.g.Ihadverylittletosayatthemeetingandfeltratherembarrassed.我在会上没什么可说的，感到十分不好意思。3.stickv.stuckstuck①causetobefixed,notmove卡住；困住e.g.Afishbonestuckinmythroat.一根鱼刺卡在我喉咙里。②keepto;notgiveup坚持e.g.Healwaysstickstohiswords.他一向信守诺言。4.welcomeadj.gladlyaccepted受欢迎的e.g.You'realwayswelcomeatourhouse.欢迎您随时光临寒舍。v.greetinafriendlyway欢迎e.g.Thesuggestionwaswarmlywelcomed.这项建议受到热烈欢迎。n.[C]agreetinggiventosb.whenheorshearrives欢迎e.g.Wereceivedagreatwelcome.我们受到热烈欢迎。starev.lookwithoutmovingtheeyesawayforalongtime盯着看e.g.Everybodystaredathishat.人人都盯着他的帽子看。e.g.Hewasstaringoutofthewindow.他凝视着窗外。invitesb.to(n.):asksb.to(n.)邀请某人去( )e.g.Themanagerofteninvitedmetodinneratarestaurantnotfarfromthecompany.经理经常邀请我去一家离公司不远的饭馆吃晚饭。callfor:①comeandgetsb.orsth.邀请；要求e.g.HecalledforElizaandtookhertothedance.他邀请伊莱扎去跳舞。②need需要e.g.Thissortofworkcallsforalotoftime.这种工作需要大量的时间。IV.Exercises5.1Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(P6)periodpinkpausesweetinstructionpushtraditionwelcomeshakeshystickadventureDuringthetimeofalecture,itisbythateveryonekeepssilentandthatnooneisallowedtostopthespeaker.Key:bytradition:照传统Lucywasandquietwhileherbrotherwassureandnoisy.Key:shyNote:While:usedtoemphasizethedifferencebetweentwosituations,activities,etc.去却，而(用于强调两种情况、活动等之间的差别)Wehavetowaitforaoftimeandthenwewillaskthepeopleinchargetogiveusanswers.Key:periodNote:incharge:主管、负责ThisisapoliticalquestionandnowitisagoodtimetostarttheGovernment.Thegovernmentshouldgiveusareply.Key:pushingNote:push:这里意为催促Heloveshisjobbecauseitoffers,travels,andexperience.Key:adventuresTheteacherduringhislecturecametotheendofthefirstpointandwithoutahewasoffonthesecondpoint.Key:pauseYourpartnerisalso.Sowhynotcomealongtogetherwithhimtodiscussthedifferentmethodsofbirthcontrol?Key:welcomeNote:birthcontrol:出生控制，计划生育Itmademeangry,andthatsortofaccidentmademegetinforhours.Key:stuck5.2TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsinthebrackets.(P7).如果明天天气晴朗，他将带他的女友去海滩玩。(takesb.to)Iftheweatherisfinetomorrow,hewilltakehisgirlfriendtothebeach..当他是个年轻小伙子的时候，他对自己的言行非常敏感。(besensitiveabout)Whenhewasayoungfellow,hewasverysensitiveaboutwhathesaidanddid..他对一位女孩特别感兴趣，经常同她一起去上海大剧院(ShanghaiGrandTheater)看戏。(beinterestedin)HeisinterestedinaparticulargirlandoftengoeswithhertoShanghaiGrandTheatertowatchplays..他一说完要说的话，旁边的那个伙伴便兴奋至极，哈哈大笑。(nextto)Assoonashefinishedwhathehadtosay,theguynexttohimgotallexcitedandlaughedloudly..那个男孩那天不愿去上课，他父母不得不反复催促他上学。(bewillingto)Onthatday,theboywasnotwillingtogotoschool,sohisparentshadtopushhim.5.3TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.(P7)Prettysoontheguyswereallstandingaroundme,makingascene,andsaying,“Well,sayit,Feynman!”不一会儿，大伙儿都围着我站了一圈，吵吵嚷嚷地对我说：“好的，范曼，说出来呀！”Iwenthomeandtoldmymotheraboutit.Shegavemeallkindsofinstructionsonhowtodothisandthat.回到家里，我把这件事告诉了妈妈。她给了我各种各样的指导，告诉我如何做这样那样的事。Shewasfollowingatradition:womenteachtheirsonshowtotreatthenextgenerationofwomenwell.她遵守这样一个传统：母亲教儿子如何善待下一代女性。Shewasstillupstairsgettingreadyofcourse(it'salwayslikethat),soherfamilyhadmewaitforherinthediningroom,wheretheyandtheirfriendswereeatingpie.当时她还在楼上做准备，这是意料中的事(女孩子临行前总是那样)，因此，她的家人让我在餐厅里等她。他们在餐厅里踉朋友一起吃馅饼。Itoldherhow,whenIwasyounger,myparentsmademelearnpianoforaperiodoftime,butaftersixmonthsIwasstillplaying“DanceoftheFlowers”andcouldn,tstanditanymore.我告诉她，在我年幼的时候，父母让我学了一段时间的钢琴，六个月后我还在弹“花之圆舞曲”，于是我忍无可忍了。V.SpotlightonGrammarwould和usedto的比较Theyknewalotofdifferentgirls,andwouldoftengotothebeachwiththemiftheweatherwasgood.)(PassageA,Unit1)Thatusedtosuggestaman,notawoman.(PassageA,Unit2,Preband1)Thinkofallthewordsthatusedtoendin-man.(PassageA,Unit2,Preband1)上面第(1)例中的would表示过去的习惯动作；第(2)、(3)例中的usedto则表示过去的状态。情态助动词would和usedto都可用来表示过去经常的或习惯的动作，两者常可替换使用。例如：Whenwewerechildren,wewould/usedtogoswimmingeverysummer.Hewould/usedtoreadinthislibrarywhenhewasatthisuniversity.两者相比，usedto更强调现在已不复存在的过去的习惯。例如：Heusedtoplayfootball,butitwasalongtimeago.Iusedtogotothecinemaveryoften,butnowIseldomdothat.除了表示过去的动作以外，usedto还可表示过去持续的状态或情形。在这种情况下，只可用usedto,不可用would。例如：TheyusedtoliveinNewYork.［误］TheywouldliveinNewYork.Heusedtobebetteroffthanheisnow.［误］Hewouldbebetteroffthanheisnow.此外，请注意：usedto表示不确定的过去时间，通常不能与表示次数或延续时间的时间状语连用。例如：［误］IusedtogotoFranceseventimes.［误］HeusedtostayinParisfortwoweeks.需要注意的还有：usedto和beusedto形式上接近，但意义、结构和用法都不同，不可混淆。例如：Heusedtolivehere.(他过去住在这里。)Heisusedtolivinghere.(他住在这里已经习惯了。)Unit2HOMEDiscussion:Inwhichcitydoyouliketosettledowninfuture?Andwhatkindofhousedoyouwanttolivein?Whatarethedifferencebetween“home”and“house”?Listentotheaudioclipformoreunderstanding.SentenceAnalysis…whenoneofthemstartedtryingtoremember...(Para.1)Note:start和begin后面均可接带to的不定式或动词的-ing形式：Thebabystarted/begantocry/crying.娃娃开始哭了。当start或begin为-ing形式时，必须后接带to的不定式：Thebabywasjustbeginning/startingtocry. 娃娃刚开始哭。Wepaidoffthemoneyweowedonthehouseeightyearsago.(Para.1)payoff:1)payallthemoneythatyouoweforsth.把钱全部还清I,venowpaidoffallmydebt,我现在已经还清所有的债务了。Heexpectedtopayoffallthemoneyshortlyafterheborrowedfromhisfriends.他预计不久就能还清向朋友们借的钱。2)besuccessful取得成功；得到好结果Alltheirhardworkhaspaidoff!Thehouseisfinishedatlast.他们的辛勤努力终于有了结果！房子建成了。Didyourplanpayoff?你的计划成功了吗？I'minnowaycleverwithmoneyexceptwhenitcomestospendingit.(Para.4)innoway:notatall一点也不Iinnowaywanttodiscussthematterwithhimnow.我现在根本不想和他讨论那件事。Meaning:I'mnotatallgoodatusingmoneywiselyexceptthatIspenditfast.中文翻译：对钱我除了会花以外，别的一窍不通。Asamatteroffact,IlikeitmuchmorethanIdidwhenthebankownedpartofit.(Para.asamatteroffact:totellthetruth其实；事实上Ilikeherverymuch,asamatteroffact.其实，我很喜欢她。Asamatteroffact,hehasn'ttoldmewhathappenedlastnight:事实上，他没有告诉我发生了什么事。Meaning:Totellthetruth,IlikethehousemuchmorethanIdidwhenIhadtoowethebankmoneytobuythehouse.中文翻译：事实上，我现在对房子喜爱的程度大大超出了当年银行也部分地拥有这房子的时候。don,tknowwhythisissuchapopularsubjectofconversationthesedays,butourhouseisnotforsale.(Para.10)forsale:Ifsomethingisforsale,itsownerwantstosellit.待售e.g.Isthishouseforsale? 这栋房子卖吗？Thispaintingisnotforsale.这幅画是非卖品。Meaning:Idon,tknowwhyalotofpeoplearesointerestedintalkingaboutitthesedays,butwedon,twanttosellourhouse.中文翻译：我不理解为什么如今这已成了一个流行的话题，但我们的房屋是不出售的。Itistheplacewegotowhenwedon,tfeellikegoinganywhere.(Para.10)feellikedoingsth.:wanttodosth.想要做某事Ifeellikehavingacupoftea. 我想要喝杯茶。Ifeellikesaying,"Whydon,tyoushutup?”我想说：“你为什么不闭嘴？”IamwelcomedbyfamiliarfurniturewhenIenterandI'mwarmedbyeverythinginourhousewhichmaymerelybedust,butitisourdustandIlikeit.(Para.19)中文翻译：我走进屋子里，熟悉的家具在欢迎我，屋里的每一样东西都温暖着我的心，哪怕或许仅仅是灰尘，那也是我家的灰尘，我喜欢它。Meaning:WhenIcomeintothehouse,I,mdelightedtoseethefurniturethatIknowsowell,andevendustgivesmeapleasantfeelingoffriendlinessbecauseitisourhome.in.WordStudyowev.①havetopayforsth.alreadydoneorgiven欠(债等)e.g.Istillowetheyoungmanforthoserepairs.我还没有付那个年青人的修理费呢。②havesth.forthereasongiven归功于e.g.Sheoweshersuccesstoherhardwork.她的成功归因于辛勤工作。salen.①[C]theactofgivingsth.tosb.inexchangeformoney卖；出售e.g.Salesofcarshaveincreased.汽车的销售增加了。②[C]aspecialofferingofgoodsinashopatlowerpricesthanusual减价出售；大减价e.g.Thegirlboughtherdressinasale.那女孩是在大减价时买的那件衣服。risev.roserisen①getup起床e.g.Sherisesbeforeitislight.她黎明即起。②goup上升e.g.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳从东方升起，从西边落下。n.[C]anincrease增加e.g.Therehasbeenariseinthenumberofpeopleoutofwork.失业人数增加了。oppositeprep.ontheothersideof在对面e.g.Helivesoppositeme.他住在我的对面。Ialwaysbuymypaperfromtheshopoppositeourftat(X寓).我一向都在公寓对面的商店买报纸。adj.asdifferentaspossiblefromsth.else相反的；对立的e.g.Therearetwooppositewaysofimporvingit.有两种截然相反的方法都可以使它得以改善。familiaradj.knowingwell熟悉的e.g.Iheardafamiliarvoiceinthenextroom.我听见隔壁有个熟悉的声音。befamiliarwithe.g.Areyoufamiliarwiththistypeofmachine?你熟悉这种机器吗？enter:v.①comeorgointoaplace进去e.g.Thestudentsstoppedtalkingwhentheteacherenteredtheclassroom.老师走进教室时，学生就不再讲话了。writedownsth.(inanotebook,account,etc.)在笔记、账本等上登记，登录e.g.Pleaseenteryourname,address^址)anddateofbirth.请填上你的姓名、地址和出生日期。becomeamemberofanorganization,aschool,etc.成为 的一员；就读e.g.Sheentereduniversityin1980.她是1980年进大学学习的。settle:v.①gotoliveinanewplaceandstaythere定居；落户e.g.Howdidyoucometosettlehere? 你怎么到这儿定居的？②decideon,makethelastarrangementsabout决定；确定e.g.Shehassettledeverythingwiththecompany.她与公司把所有的事情都了结了。IV.Exercises5.1Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(P27)populationvaluableleaksectionfamiliarcarpetfurnituremerelysettleenterinvestmentwelcomeThankyouforyourtime,experienceandserviceaswell.Key:valuableHongKong'shashelpedchangeanddevelopthecityintoamodernone.Key:investmentItisreportedthattheinthenorthandeastpartofthecountryarenowlivinginterribleconditions.Key:populationNote:Itisreportedthat…据说，据报道。这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。Theroofsandthewallsweredamp(潮湿的). Key:leakedInordertolearnaforeignlanguagewell,weshouldmakeourselveswiththecultureofthatcountry.Key:familiarTheyspentawholedayplacingthe;nowtheyhaveacomfortableandnewhousetolivein.Key:furnitureDon'ttakewhathesaidtooseriously;heisaskingaboutthepossibilityoffurtherinvestment.Key:merelyHetheprofessionafter4yearsatcollege.Key:entered2TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsinthebrackets.(P27).同学们散坐在教室的各处讨论问题，就在这时老师进来了。(sitaround)Thestudentsweresittingaroundtheclassroomanddiscussingquestionswhentheirteachercamein..我去年买了这幢房子，所欠房款还未付清。(payoff)Lastyear,Iboughtthishouse,butIhavenotpaidoffthemoneyIoweonit..我的朋友向我点点头，然后仔细考虑我提出的问题。(nod)MyfriendnoddedtomeandthoughtoverthequestionsIputforward..住房成为当今的流行话题，这是不难理解的。(apopularsubject)Itisnotdifficulttounderstandthathousinghasbecomeapopularsubjectofconversationthesedays..你渐渐习惯了老房子的这些问题，就像习惯了自己的缺点一样。(getusedto)Youhavegotusedtotheseproblemsofyouroldhouse,justlikeyourownshortcomings.5.3TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.(P28)1.OneSaturdaynightweweresittingaroundourratherwornlivingroomwithsomeoldfriendswhenoneofthemstartedtryingtorememberhowlongwe’dlivedthere.一个星期六的晚上，我们和一些老朋友散坐在我们相当破旧的起居室里，就在这时一个朋友开始努力回想我们已经在这里住了多久。10“Towhomisitnotasvaluable?”IaskedhiminavoicethatwaslouderthannecessaryforhimtohearwhatIwassaying.“这房子对谁来说不那么值钱了？”我大声地问他，音量超过了使他听清楚所必需的程度。Behindthecurtainofthewindownearestmywife,sdesk,thereisasectionofwallwhichisfourincheswide.Ithasmissedthelastfourcoatsofpaintsothatthelittlechalkmarkswithdatesoppositethemwouldnotbelost.在靠近我妻子书桌的窗帘后面，有一块四英寸的墙没有涂最后四层涂料，一遍保留那些小小的粉笔印记和对面的日期。Ifsomethingdoesn'tworkquiteright,thecarpetisworn,thetoiletorbathroombasinleaks,oryouhaveabadneighbor,yougetusedtothemand,likeyourownshortcomings,youfindwaystoignorethem.如果有什么东西出了问题，如果地毯破旧了，卫生间或事浴室的水池漏水了，邻居不友好，你渐渐习惯于这些问题，并像对待自己的缺点一样，有办法听之任之。IamwelcomedbyfamiliarfurniturewhenIenterandI'mwarmedbysomefeeling,whichmaymerelybedust,butitisourdustandIlikeit.我走进屋子里，熟悉的家具在欢迎我，某种感觉温暖着我的心，带来这种感觉的东西或许仅仅是灰尘而已，但它是我家的灰尘，我喜欢它。V.SpotlightonGrammar带介词的不定式短语作后置修饰语Itisnotatentinwhichtospendthenightbeforeweriseinthemorningtogoontosomeotherplace.(PassageA,Unit2)Thereasonisthattherearetoomanythingstopickfrom….(PassageA,Unit5,Preband1)(3)…thebadpeoplehadfewerandfeweremptybuildingstohangoutin.(PassageA,Unit8,Preband1)(4)Supposeyouwanttofindsomeonetoplaybridgewith.(PassageA,Unit10,Preband1)上面各句中的斜体部分是一个带介词的不定式短语，作后置修饰语，修饰它前面的名词短语。就其意义而言，这四句中的后置修饰语都可用关系分句(relativeclauses,即定语从句)来改写：(1)Thereasonisthatyouhavetoomanythingsfromwhichyoucanpick...(2)…thebadpeoplehadfewerandfeweremptybuildingsinwhichtheycouldhangout.不定式短语作名词短语的修饰语(modifiers,即定语)，通常放在它所修饰的名词短语之后，也就是说，它通常充当名词短语的后置修饰语(post-modifiers)。当不定式短语和它所修饰的名词短语之间的关系需要通过介词来起中介作用时，不定式短语的末尾就必须有一个合适的介词，如上例(2)、(3)、(4)。又如：Inthelibrarywehavemanybookstochoosefrom.图书馆里有许多书可供选择。11Youneedfirsttofindsometoolstocleanthetoiletwith.首先你必须找几样工具来打扫厕所。有时，为了避免句子以介词收尾，可把介词前移，使之紧踉被修饰的名词短语。这时，介词后必须用一个关系代词(relativepronoun)，如which,whom等，如上例(1)。又如：Inthelibrarywehavemanybooksfromwhichtochoose.Youneedfirsttofindsometoolswithwhichtocleanthetoilet.需注意，把介词前移再加关系代词的用法只适用于动词与介词的关系较松散的情况。如果动词与介词的关系较紧密，从而形成了固定的短语动词，则用以介词收尾的结构比较合适。例如：Thereisnothingtoworryabout.没什么可担心的。［误］Thereisnothingaboutwhichtoworry.Thenursehaseightpatientstolookafter.这个护士要照顾八个病人。［误］Thenursehaseightpatientsafterwhomtolook.Unit3MoretheSamethanDifferentDiscussion:HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheformerSovietUnion?Inyouropinion,whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthewesternandeasternculture?SentenceAnalysis....don’tmakeacirclewithyourthumbandfirstfinger...(Para.2)thumb:n.［C］thefingerthatisshortandthickandsetapartfromtheotherfour大拇指e.g.Hehadhisthumbinjured(受伤)whenhewasplayingbasketball.他打篮球时弄伤了拇指。.”…thumbandfirstfinger,”thewomanannounced.(Para.2)announce:v.tellaboutsth.publiclyorofficially;declare宣布Wearepleasedtoannouncetheopeningofournewdepartmentstore.谨此宣布新百货公司正式开业。HeannouncedtohisfriendshismarriagewithMissBrown.他向朋友们宣布他已与布朗小姐成婚。ThewomanwaspreparingtheAmericansfortheirvoyagetothecommunistSovietUnion.(Para.6)preparesb.for:makesb.readyfor使做好准备e.g.ListeningisacoursethatpreparesstudentsfortheEnglishexams.听力是为学生参加英语考试而设的课程。e.g.I’mafraidyou,regoingtohavetoprepareyourselfforashock.恐怕你要做好经受意外打击的心理准备。TheAmericanswerecurioustolearnaboutthesedifferencesbeforetheirvoyage.(Para.6)curious:adj.eagertoknoworlearn好奇的12e.g.Iwascurioustoknowwhathadhappened.我很好奇，想知道发生了什么事。learnabout:gettoknowsth.矢口晓e.g.WhendidyoulearnaboutMary,sdivorce?玛丽离婚的事你什么时候知道的？e.g.Ilearnedabouthislonelylifeafterhiswife,sdeath.我获悉他的妻子死后他生活寂寞。TheSoviets,liketheAmericans,preparedfortheirvisitbylearningaboutlifeintheothercountry.(Para.8)preparefor:getreadyfor准备e.g.Ididn,tleavemyselfenoughtimetopreparefortheexam.我没有预留足够的时间来准备考试。e.g.Bobhelpedmepreparefortheparty.鲍勃协助我筹备聚会。TheyweresurprisedatthedifferencebetweendailylifeintheSovietUnionandthatintheUnitedStates.(Para.10)besurprisedat:对 感到惊讶e.g.Everyoneissurprisedatthefactthatthehumanpopulationisexplodingsorapidly.每个人都为人类人口的急速增长而感到震惊。AndIlearnedthatpeopleallovertheworldaremorethesamethantheyaredifferent.(Para.13)Meaning:AndIlearnedthatpeopleallovertheworldhavemorethingsincommonthandifferences.中文翻译：我还明白了一点：全世界的人们大同小异，共性大于差异。in.Words&Phrasesadmirev.thinkoforlookatwithpleasureandrespect赞美；羡慕；钦佩e.g.Ireallyadmireherbeauty.我真的很羡慕她的美貌。e.g.Everyoneadmiredthewayhedealtwiththeproblem.大家都赞赏他处理这个问题的方式。exchangen.[C;U]theactofgivingandreceivinginreturn交换e.g.Wehadanexchangeofviewsamongourselves.我们内部交换了意见。v.giveandreceiveinreturn交换e.g.Iexchangedseatswithhim.我和他互换了座位。pourv.①causetoflowcontinuously(outoforintoacontainer)倒；灌e.g.Hepouredthewineintoherglass.他往她的杯里倒酒。②flowsteadilyandrapidly不断流出e.g.Smokewaspouringoutfromthewindow.烟不断从窗口冒出来。e.g.Tearspoureddownhercheeks.她泪流满面。13shamen.①[C]sth.oneissorryabout令人惋惜的事e.g.Whatashameitrainedonthedayofourpicnic!多可惜，我们野餐那天下雨了。②[C]sth.orsb.thatbringsalossofhonor带来耻辱的人(或事)e.g.He'sashametohisfamily.他是家里的败类。e.g.Hethinksitashameforamannottowork.他认为男人不工作是件可耻的事。③[C;U]astateoffeelingsorry羞愧e.g.Hewasfullofshameathisbadbehavior.他为自己的不良行为感到羞愧。e.g.Hisfamilysharestheshame.他的全家都蒙受了耻辱。IV.Exercises5.1Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(P49)communicatepourpoliticalboilvoyagecuriousexchangeentireannounceshamedirectlyorganizeWecoulddonothingbutwaitastheresultofthemeetingwouldbethenextday.Key:announcedTheymadeaplanandexperiencedworkerstotakepartinthenewproject.Key:organizedSmokewasfromthewindowandperhapsafirehadbrokenout.Key:pouringWehavefirst-classtechnology(技术);itisquiteraretohaveanaccidentcausedbysomekindoftechnicalfailure.Key:directlyIsawthetwowomenpassinginthedoorwayandglancesofgreeting.Key:exchangingThefouradventurerswentforthetwomonthsintheforestwithoutseeinganyone.Key:entireWebyletterinthesedays.Key:communicatedPleaseleavethewaterfor10secondsbeforepouringitontothecoffee.Key:boiling2TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsinthebrackets.(P49).那位老师讲课时，同学们都一边细心地倾听，一边认真地做笔记。(takenotes)Thestudentslistenedandtooknotescarefullyastheteachergavethemalecture..我们钦佩伟人，因为他们的所作所为值得我们敬佩。(admire)Weadmiregreatpeoplebecausewhattheydidisworthadmiring.14.四个学生共住一个套间(flat),套间内有他们共用的厨房、厕所和卫生间。(share)Fourstudentsshareaflat,wheretheyshareakitchen,atoiletandabathroom..那些美国人对中国文化非常好奇，很想了解中美文化的主要差异。(curious)ThoseAmericanswerecuriousaboutChinesecultureandwerecurioustoknowaboutthemaindifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandAmericanculture..那些英国学生非常喜欢去年在中国度过的暑假，主要原因是他们结交了许多中国朋友。(enjoyone,svacation)ThoseBritishstudentsenjoyedtheirsummervacationinChinalastyear,mainlybecausetheymadelotsofChinesefriends..3TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.(P50)“Ifyouwanttosay'okay',don,tmakeacirclewithyourthumbandfirstfinger,”thewomanannounced.“如果你们想说‘同意,，不要用拇指和食指做成一个圈儿，”那位女士大声说道。ThatmeansokayhereintheUSA,butintheSovietUnionithasadirtymeaning.在美国，这表示“同意、许可”的意思，但在苏联，那样做含有淫秽的意思。Youmightnothavehotrunningwatertotakeabath,oryoumighthavetoshareabathroomwithfiveorsixpeople.你可能没有热的自来水洗澡，你也可能不得不与五六个人共用一间浴室。WhentheyarrivedintheSovietUnion,theAmericansweregladthattheyhadpreparedthemselvestoexperiencelifeundercommunism.到达苏联时，那些美国人为自己已准备好体验共产主义制度下的生活而感到高兴。TheSovietsknewthatAmericanslikedtoeatfastfoodinrestaurants,buttheyweredisappointedtoseethatAmericansatefastmealsathome,too.那些苏联人知道美国人喜欢在餐馆里吃快餐，但看到美国人在家里也吃快餐，他们感到失望。V.SpotlightonGrammaraswellas的意义和用法Inspiteofthepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries,aswellasthedifferencesinlanguageandculture,theSovietsandAmericansbecamefriends.(PassageA,Unit3)在这一句中，复合连词aswellas连接两个名词短语：thepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries和theirdifferencesinlanguageandculture,而其着重点在第一个名词短语，即“国家间的政治差异”上。作为复合连词，aswellas可用来连接名词短语(1)、动词短语(2)、形容词短语(3)、介词短语(4)等。例如：Women,aswellasmen,havetherighttowork.Hisstudents,aswellashehimself,attendedthemeeting.Hehurthisarmaswellasbreakinghisleg.She,sgotacleaningjobatnightaswellasworkingduringtheday.15She,scleveraswellasbeautiful.Ifeltsadaswellasangry.Iputmybooksinmyofficeaswellasinmystudy.Hefishedforfunaswellasforaliving.在实际使用中，请提示学生注意下面几点：.当aswellas连接动词短语时，它后面所跟的动词短语必须是-ing分词形式，如上例(2)所示。又如：HedidalotoftranslationaswellasteachingEnglish.［误］HedidalotoftranslationaswellastaughtEnglish.Sheplaysthepianoaswellassinging.［误］Sheplaysthepianoaswellassings.不少学生把aswellas当作跟and或notonly...butalso…同义的连词来用。其实，用aswellas连接两个短语时，其着重点往往在其前面的短语上，这一点正好与notonly...butalso...相反，即AaswellasB=notonlyBbutalsoAo例如：Women,aswellasmen,havetherighttowork.=Notonlymen,butalsowomen,havetherighttowork.Hefishedforfunaswellasforaliving.=Hefishednotonlyforaliving,butalsoforfun..当aswellas连接的名词短语作主语时，其后的动词和其他成分应在性、数上与aswellas前面的名词短语相一致。例如：Themother,aswellasherthreechildren,wastakentohospital.［误］Themother,aswellasherthreechildren,weretakentohospital.Thegirl,aswellastheboys,hasfinishedherhomework.［误］Thegirl,aswellastheboys,havefinishedtheirhomework.Unit4TheLetterI.Discussion:Haveyoueverwrittenalettertootherpeople?Whenwasthelasttimeyoudidthat?Comparewithemails,whataretheadvantagesofwritingletters?Howaboutaloveletter,whichonedoyouprefer,inemailorbypost?SentenceAnalysis:.Ihadtopoundonthetaxitogethisattention.(Para.1)poundon:hitorbeatsth.manytimes敲击；拍击e.g.Greatwavespoundedontherocks.巨浪拍击岩石。.…andthenapologized.(Para.3)apologize:vi.sayoneissorryaboutsth.thatonehasdone道歉；赔不是e.g.Idoapologizefortakingsolongtoreplytoyourletter.这么久才回信，实在过意不去。apologizetosb.forsth.e.g.IapologizedtoJohnforlosinghisbook.16我把约翰的书给弄丢了，因此向他道歉。Hesoundedasifhehadacoldoracough.(Para.3)asif:inaway好像；似乎e.g.Helooksasifnothinghashappened.他看上去一副若无其事的样子。cough:n.[C]asharpnoisemadewhensendairoutofthroatandmouthsuddenly咳嗽e.g.Hegaveanervouscoughbeforehestartedtospeak.他紧张地咳了一声，然后开始说话。vi.pushairoutfromthethroatandmouthwithasuddenroughsound咳嗽e.g.Thesmokemademecough.烟呛得我直咳嗽。“Thisisn,tfamily,”hereplied.“Although,”hewenton,“cometothinkofit,hemightjustaswellhavebeenaregularmemberofthefamily(Para.7)cometothinkofit:suddenlyrememberorrealizesth.的确；想起来了e.g.Cometothinkofit,Ishouldwritehometoday.想起来了，我今天该给家里写信了。mightjustaswell:havenostrongreasonnotto最好还是；还是以 为好e.g.Thereisnothingworthwatchingonthetelevision,sowemightjustaswellgotobed.没有什么值得看的电视节目，我们还是睡觉吧。Note:谈论到可能性的时候，might有时会比may的可能性更小，但这两个词经常用于表示同样的意思：e.g.Imay/mightseeyoutonight;Idon,tknowyet.我今晚可能来看你，但目前还不敢肯定。Meaning:“Thisletterisn,tfrommyfamily,”heanswered.“Although...Ithinkheshouldhavebeenanactualmemberofthefamily...”中文翻译：“不是家里人，’'他回答说。“尽管，''他继续说：“我这么琢磨着，他可算得上是家里的一个正式成员了……”Thenhespokeagain,almostmoretohimselfthantome...(Para.13)Meaning:ThenhespokeagainandIfelthewassayingsomethingtohimselfratherthantome.中文翻译：然后，他又说话了，不过，与其说他是在对我讲话，不如说他是在自言自语……Weshouldallkeepintouchwitholdfriendsmorethanwedo.Butthingscomeupandwejustdon,tseemtofindthetime.(Para.14)Meaning:Weshouldallwritetooldfriendsmoreoftenthanwedo.Butwehavemanyunexpectedthingstodoandwedon,tseemtohavetimetowritetothem.中文翻译：我们都应该与老朋友保持更多的联系，而我们实际上做得不够。但是事情总是层出不穷，我们似乎总是抽不出时间。Yourfriendshipovertheyearshasreallymeant