树木砍伐安全专项方案

树木砍伐安全专项方案知识城北起步区KN1-2号路道路市政工程是广州市萝岗区东北部九龙镇内的一项工程，总用地面积约123平方公里。本工程的东、北、西部边界为萝岗区行政辖区边界，南部边界为广河高速公路（建设中）。本次砍伐树木为九龙大道S378线K4+770~K4+923此里程段人行道两侧树木。本市政工程由广州开发区政府投资建设项目管理投资中心建设，东进新区开发有限公司为代业主，监督单位为广州市开发区建设工程质量监督站、广州市开发区建设工程安全监督站，设计单位为中国恩菲工程技术有限公司，监理单位为广东建设工程监理有限公司，由广东敦庆建筑工程有限公司中标承建。施工前的准备工作包括施工测量放线和准备施工机械机具。测量工程师根据施工设计图纸放出征地红线标示界桩，再根据红线界桩用石灰粉标示出红线范围。施工机械机具包括截据木机、镰刀、铁铲、铲车、绳索、运输车和吊车。在树木砍伐的过程中，采用标准密扣式钢围栏（铁马）围蔽。为了保证交通疏解，我司将在施工范围外多标立路标、警示牌、设置警告区、缓冲区等。围挡安装时，必须戴安全帽，穿反光衣服；反光衣服上有“KN1-2号路建设”字样。围挡安装人员一律不准上高速公路进行施工作业，施工中各种建筑垃圾、施工弃渣均需及时清理并按指定的地点堆弃，严禁将废弃物随意堆弃，严禁将废弃物放在高速公路上。服从路政工作人员的安排，并及时跟路政工作人员沟通。在围挡现场设置临时的交通限速标志牌及锥形桶。砍伐施工方法需要注意安全，确保施工人员的人身安全和周围环境的安全。Beforefellingtrees,clearthesurroundinggrassandvinesthatmayhindertheoperation.Beforeclimbingthetree,checkforwaspnestsandtakereliablesafetymeasuresifnecessary.Duringtreeclimbingoperations,handsandfeetshouldbeplacedinappropriatepositionstopreventbeinginjuredbyaxesorsaws.Topreventtreesorbranchesfromfallingontopowerlines,useropestopullthemintheoppositedirectionofthepowerlines.Theropesshouldbelongenoughtopreventpersonnelfrombeinginjuredbyfallingtrees.Inthedirectionofthefallingtree,tietwocontrolropeswithsufficientlengthtopreventpersonnelpullingtheropesfrombeinghitbythefallingtree.Sawthetreeononesideuntilthedepthreachesone-thirdofthetreediameter,thensawtheotherside,makingthesawcutabout20mmhigherthantheoppositeside.Tightentheropesandcontinuesawingthetree.Whenthedepthapproachestwo-thirdsofthetreediameter,thesawoperatorshouldmoveawayandpulltheropestightlytomakethetreefallinthedesireddirection.Donotfelltreeswithmultiplepeopleinoppositeoradjacentlocationswherethesafedistanceisnotsufficient.Thesafedistanceforfallingtreesis1.2timesitsheight.Whencuttingtrees,thesawcutshouldbemade100-200mmabovetheground.Adedicatedpersonshouldbeassignedtowatchovertheareawheretreesarebeingcutorfelledtopreventpedestriansfrombeinghit.Safetybarriersshouldbeinstalledwhencuttingtreesindenselypopulatedareas.Allon-sitepersonnelmustwearsafetyhelmets.Beforeloading,largetreesshouldbecutintosections,withlargersectionsplacedatthebottomandsmallersectionsatthetop.Whensawing,thetripodandtrunksupportmustbestable.Transportthecuttreesbycarandfollowthespecifictransportationroute.Whenfellingtrees,payattentiontothefollowing:1.Fallingfromaheight:(1)Useasafetybeltwhenclimbingtreestopreventbeingcut,sawn,orchoppedoff.(2)Standfirmanddonotclimbonfragileordeadbranchesorclimbthinandtalltrees.(3)Whenusingaladder,itshouldhaveacertainslopeandbesupportedortiedbyadedicatedperson.2.Electricshock:(1)Whenfellingtreesnearpowerlines,thepersoninchargemustinformallpersonnelbeforeworkbeginsthatthepowerlinesarelive,andpersonnel,trees,andropesshouldmaintainasafedistancefromthelivewires:10kVsafedistanceis1.0m,35kVsafedistanceis2.5m,110kVsafedistanceis3.0m,and220kVsafedistanceis4.0m.(2)Whenatreebranchtouchesorapproachesahigh-voltagelivewire,thehigh-voltagelineshouldbepoweredofforinsulatedtoolsshouldbeusedtokeepthebranchawayfromthelivewiretoasafedistance.Beforethis,personnelshouldnottouchthetree.(3)Highornear-linetreesshouldnotbecutduringhighwinds.3.Fallingobjectsfromaheight:1.砍伐树木时，需要有专人监护下，避免行人逗留在树木下或倒树范围内，以防止砸伤行人。2.上树砍锯树枝时，要防止掉落物品，同时在砍断树枝之前通知地面人员注意，利用绳索控制树枝倒落方向。3.在路边或行人较多的地方砍树时，应设立遮拦。4.砍伐树木时，需注意避免马蜂等昆虫或动物伤人，同时在沿公路砍伐时要注意来往车辆。5.架空电力线路导线与树木之间的最小净空距离应根据电力线路的电压等级来确定。上树砍锯树枝时，需注意防止树枝掉落在导线上，并使用绳索将其拉向与导线相反的方向，以避免砸伤拉绳人员。6.在伐树范围内应设立警戒，非工作人员不得逗留或接近