课件英语定语从句

Unit

1

School

LifeGrammar

and

UsageAttributive

ClauseReadthefollowing

sentences

fromthetext.Try

to

find

out

what

they

meanand

what’s

specialabout

theirstructure. 1.I

sat

next

to

a

girl

whose

name

was

Diane.

2.

Miss

Bruke

was

the

teacher

who

taught

usEnglish

Literature. 3.

Allmyclassmates

enjoyedthecake

that

I

made.How

to

modify（修饰）nounsA

(beautiful

)flowerA

flower

(in

front

of

you

)A

flower

(that

you

bought

yesterday

)Some

factsabout

attributive

clauses1.

Aattributive

clausemodifies

.A.Anoun

or

pronounB.A

verb2.

The noun

or

pronoun

that

ismodified

is

called

antecedent

.3.

A

relative

clause

is

introducedby

a

relative

pronoun

or

arelative

adver.b4.

A

relative

pronoun

or

a

relativeofadverb

oftencomesa

clause.at

the

beginningat

the

end5.

What

are

the

functions

ofthese

relative

pronouns

oradverbs?Introduce

the

attributive

clause***Function

as a

part

in

theattributive

clause6.

Relative

pronouns

are:that,

which,

who,

whom,

aswhoseRelative

adverbs

are:where,when,why7.

Restrictive/

non-restrictiveattributive

clauseMysister

who

works

in

Beijing

is

adoctor.My

sister,

who

works

in

Beijing,

is

adoctor.Readthefollowing

sentences

fromthetext

again.

figure

out

the

functions

ofrelative

pronous

in

the

clauses. 1.I

sat

next

to

a

girl

whose

name

was

Diane. 2.

Miss

Bruke

was

the

teacher

who

taughtusEnglish

Literature. 3.

Allmyclassmates

enjoyedthecake

that

I

made.Read

the

article

on

P9

&

underline

theattributive

clauses

you

find

in

the

article.In 2004,

he

went

to

Oxford where

hebecame

interested

in

Chineseculture.Some

of

the

cities

in

China

which

helikes

most

are

Beijing,

Shanghai

andNanjing.Mostofthe

studentsthathe

taughthave e

his

friend.4.

Some

of

thebooks

were

gifts

that

hegot

fromhisChinese

friends.5.

The

paintings

that

Daviddonated

to

the

school

are

being

displayed.Word

study1.

a

former

student

of

our

schoolUsed

for

stating

sth.

that

sb.hadinthe

pastHer

former

husband He

attended

withhiswifeanddaughter,

the

former

wearing

ablack

dress

andthe

latter

wearinga

white

one.=develop

great in

Chinese2.

After

graduating

fromuniversity,he

wentto

China

to

study

Chinese. Upon

finishing

his

studies,

hestarted

travelling

inChina.speak

fluent

Chinese=speak

Chinese

fluently

fluency5.

develop

an

interest

in

teachingEnglish

to

Chinese

studentsnewideas,newproductsdevelop

a

sense

of

responsibilityaskill,

ability,

habbit,

hobbya

diseaseapicture6.

donate

books

to

our

schoollibrarythe

exhibitionroomsplendid

experiences=verygood;impressive; 30

minutes

for

questionsandanswersmissthechancetodosth.Page

88

task

C1Revision:attributive

clause,

antecedent,relative

words--relativepronouns/relativeadverbsRelative

pronouns:thatwhich,who,whom,whosea.

Do

you

know

the

man

that

is

standing

over

there?in

the

clausepredictiveb.

He

cut

down

the

trees

that

his

father

had

planted

two

yearsbefore.c.

Thevillage

is

no

longer

the

poorplace

thatit

usedtobe. thatrefers

to

peopleorthingsand

functions

as

subject,

object,

Whichrefersto

things

,

andfunctions

as

subject,

object

in

theclauseHe

cut

down

the

trees

which

his

father

had

planted

two

years

before.

It

isthe

dogwhich

bit

himyesterday.who

refers

to

people

,

andit

functions

as

subject,

object

inthe

clauseDo

you

know

the

man

who

isstanding

over

there?A

secretary

is

a

person

whoavisitor

first

meets

before

seeing

theboss.4.

Whom

refers

to

people

,

andfunctions

as

object

in

theclause.A

secretary

is

a

person

whom

avisitor

first

meets

beforeseeingthe

boss.

whose

refers

to

things,

people

,and

functionsas

attribute

in

the

clause.The

book

whose

cover

is

green

is mine.Do

you

know

the

girl

whosebrother is

ourmonitor?which

/that

/

whose/who/

whomwhichthatwhosewhowhomthingspeopleWho

/

that

/

which/

whoseAntecedentFunction

as..in

theattributive

clausethatwhichwhowhomwhosePractice

for

ConsolidationComplete

the

sentences Susan

is

the person

that/who

hasmisunderstood

me.Can

you

introduce

a

song

that/which

can

interest

everybodyin

theclass.Are

these

the

papers

(

that

)you’relooking

for? The

woman

whose

daughterteachesEnglishLiterature

is

fond

of

reading.He

is

readinga

book

whose

coveris missing.This

is

the

very

book

that

helost

theother

day.things

that

you

should

pay

attention

toI.

When

can

we

leave

out

the

relativepronoun?A

pet

is

an

animal

which

you

keep

andcare

for

at

home. When

they

are

subjects

of

the

clause,they

can’t

be

left

out. When

they

function

as

objects

of

theclause,

they

usually

can

be

omitted.(exceptions)II.

the

choice

of

that

&

whichWhen

doweuse

which

rather

than

that?I

used

to

live

in

a

house,

in

front

of was

a

tall

tree.My

hometown

is

Nanjing,successfully

held

the

10th

National

SportsMeeting

last

year.weusethat

in

the

followingcases:(antecedent/…)Do

you

have

anything

that

you

want

to

say

foryourself?all,

little,

few,

much,

none,any(thing),

every(thing),

some(thing),no(thing)This

is

the

most

interesting

film

that

I

haveever

seen.This

is

the

last

train

that

goes

toSuzhou.After

ordinal

number

andsuperlativesThis

is

the

very

book

that

I’m

lookingfor.

The

only

thing

that

we

can

do

is

to

giveyou

somemoney.Afterthevery…/theonly… Do

you

know

the

things

and

persons

thatthey

are

talking

about?After

antecedents

referring

tobothpeopleandthingsChina

is

no

longer

the

country

that

it

usedto

be.Functions

as

the

predictiveWhich

is

the

car

that

injured

the

oldladyyesterday?which,

whoIII.

Subject-

VerbAgreement1)Those

who

want

togotothecinema

must

beat

theschool

gateby

3:30p.m.

(want)2)He

who

hasn’treached

the

greatwall

is

not

a

true

man.

(not

reach)When

a

relative

pronoun

is

used

asa

subject

in

the

clause,

the

verbmust

agree

with

the

antecedent

inperson

and

number.3)

She

is

the

only

one

of

the

girls

who

has

beentoBeijing.(have)4)He

is

one

of

the

boys

who

have

seenthefilm.

(have)one

of

+n.

(pl.)

--the

verb

in

theclause

–pluralThe

one/

the

only

one+

n.(pl.)---,

the

verb

in

the

clause

-singular,IV.

Antecedent:

wayThere

are

many

ways

(in

which/that/--)the

company

could

help

theworkers.The

way(in

which/that/--)

these

peoplelook

at

the

problem

iswrong.V.

When

do

we

use

“as”

as

a

relativepronoun?1.in

restrictive

attributive

clausessuch

/

so/

the

same

+

n.

+

as We

have

found

such

materialsare

used

in

their

factory. Such

people you

describe

arethoughtto

befools

nowadays.He

is

not

the

same

man he

was.***such

做先行词。This

book

is

not

such I

expected.2.in

non-restrictive

attributive

clausesAseverybodycansee,

the

elephant

is

roundlikearope.The

elephant,

aseverybodycansee,isroundlikearope.The

elephant

is

round

like

a

rope,

as

everybody

can

see.Refers

to

the

whole

sentence.Functions

as

subject,

object

of

the

clause

Location

is

flexibleMeans“正如”“如……的”as

anybodycan

seeas

iswell-known/

as

isknown

toallas

we

had

expectedas

oftenhappensas

is

often

thecaseas

is

mentioned

before…asI

remember(2015年高考）The

number

of

smokers,

isreported,hasdroppedby17percent

inthe

past

one

year.A.

it B.which C.

that D.asAttributive

clauses

(II)preposition+which/whom(不省略）combineLiterature

is

a

subject.I

know

little

about

thesubject.Literature

is

a

subject

which

I

know

little

about.Literature

is

a

subject

about

which

I

know

little.Keep

in

mind:When

put

after

a

preposition,

“which”

or

“whom”cannot

be

left

outcannot

be

replaced

by

any

other

wordWhich/

that/

\***This

is

the

pen

which/that/

\

I

wrote

theletter

with.***This

is

the

pen

with

which

I

wrote

theletter

with.***Thisisthepen

I’mlookingfor.???

This

is

the

pen

for

which

I’m

looking

.关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.

Is

that

the

newspaper which

youoften

write

articles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.

Can

you

explain

to

me

how

to

use

theseidioms which

I’m not

sure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.

1949

was

the

year which

theP.R.C.

was

founded.foraboutin关系代词前介词的确定4.非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“数词/代词+of+

关系代词”的结构，如：e.g.

There

are

40

students

in

ourclass,

two-thirds

of

whomhavebeen

to

Beijing.关系代词前的介词的确定5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.

They

live

in

a

house,

whose

door

opens

tothesouth.They

lived

in

a

house,

of

whichthe

door

opens

to

thesouth.They

lived

in

a

house,

the

doorofwhich

opens

to

thesouth.A.

thatC.

from

whomB.

whoD.

to

whom2.

He

paid

the

boy

$10

for

washing

thewindows,

most

of hadn’t

beencleaned for

at

least

a

year.A.

these B.

those C.

that D.

whichDe.g.

1.

In

the

dark

street,

there

wasn’t

a

singleperson

D

shecouldturnforhelp. We

visited

a

BMW

factoryin

which/where

many

fashionable

and

expensive

cars

areproduced.The

foreign

student

is

from

Manchesterin

which

/where

he

was

born. I

often

think

of

the

dayon

which/when

IleftNanjingforTaiwan.Ican’t forget

the

momentat

which/when

we

said

good

bye

to

each

other

at

the

station.Shedidn’ttellusthereason

for

which/whyshe

gave

up

herjob.Fill

in

the

blankswith

prep.+

which/

whomAttributive

clauses

(III)Relative

adverbs—when,

where

and

why“Preposition+

which”

sometimes

can

bereplaced

by

when,

where

and

whyKeepinmind:“when”

—after

nouns

related

to

time“where”

—after

nouns

related

to

place“why”

—

after

the

reasonThey

are

used

as

adverbials

in

the attributive

clausehe

described

in***Do

you

still

remember

the

days

that/which/

\

wespentinQingdao?***Do

you

still

remember

the

days

when

wespent

the

summer

holidays

in

Qingdao?***T