2022-2023学年甘肃省部分学校高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年甘肃省部分学校高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AEnjoyYourselfinCapeTownCapeTownisaportcityinSouthAfrica.Youcanenjoythebeautyofnatureinthecoastalarea.

BouldersBeach

BouldersBeachisanunusualbeach，hometoendangeredAfricanpenguins.Thesecharminganimalsareamust-seeforanynaturelover，andBouldersBeachistheonlyplaceintheworldwhereyoucanhaveachancetoseetheseincrediblecreatures.Inadditiontothepenguins.BouldersBeachisfamousforgraniteboulders（花岗岩巨石），whichmakeitapopularspotforphotographers.

CliftonBeach

CliftonisoneofCapeTown'smostspecialcoastalareasoutsidethecity.Withthebeautifulbeaches，itisapopulardestinationfortouristsandlocalsalike.Theareaisknownforitsclearwatersandwhite-sandbeaches，whichareperfectforsunbathing.Ifyouarelookingforapeacefulescapefromthenoisycity，CliftonBeachistheperfectplacetorelaxyourself.

LlandudnoBeach

Llandudnoispopularwithhikers，whocanexploretheattractivecoastalpathsthatwindthroughthesurroundingmountains.LocatedonthewesternsideoftheCapePeninsula，LlandudnoBeachisahiddenplacebetweenthecliffsthatlineCapeTown'sAtlanticcoast.Itisoneofthecity'squietestbeaches，anditsunspoiledbeautyisbreathtaking.

MuizenbergBeach

Itisfamousforbeginner-friendlywaves，makingittheperfectplaceforsurfers.Evenifyouarenotasurfer，MuizenbergBeachisstillanexcellentplacetospendtheday.Thebeachfrontislinedwithcolorfulbathingboxesorbeachhuts，whichwereoriginallyusedaschangingroomsforVictorian-erabathersandarenowabelovedfeatureoftheMuizenberg'sbeachfront.1.WhatisspecialaboutBouldersBeach？______A.Itisfamousforclearwaters.

B.ItishometoAfricanpenguins.

C.ItisacoastalareainCapeTown.

D.Itisthequietestplacetorelaxoneself.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinLlandudno？______A.Hikeinthemountains.

B.Admiregraniteboulders.

C.Playincolorfulbathingboxes.

D.Explorethecity'snoisiestbeach.3.Whichplacecanattractabeginningsurferthemost？______A.BouldersBeach. B.CliftonBeach.

C.LlandudnoBeach. D.MuizenbergBeach.BInPhoenix，Arizona，aboutoneinfivechildrenisidentifiedwithdyslexia（阅读障碍）.Thatmeansaboutfourstudentsinaclassroomoftwentyhavetheproblem.

ChristineAlm，whohasthevirtueofbeingreadytohelpothers，istheco-founderofDyslexiaRoadandthemotheroffourchildrenwithdyslexia.AccordingtoAlm，eachdiagnosis（诊断）isunique.Thatcanmakeitdifficulttounderstandachild'slearningneeds.Almhasrecentlyco-foundedDyslexiaRoadwiththreeothermomswhosechildrenalsohavedyslexia.Thenonprofitorganizationprovideslearningresourcesforchildrenwhohavethelearningdisability.

Dyslexiameansapersonhastroubleprocessingwrittenwordsduetothedifficultyofidentifyingspeechsounds.Almexplainsthatpeoplewithdyslexianeedmoreassistanceintrainingtheirbraintoread.Butsheaddsthatmanypeoplewithdyslexiaareextremelycreativeandsmart.WhoopiGoldberg，DavPilkeyandStevenSpielbergareamongthefamousAmericanswhohavedyslexia.

ForAlm，thebiggestchallengedealingwithdyslexiawithherownchildrenisthestigmasurroundingthetopic.Shebelievesthatit'shelpfultohaveopenandhonestdiscussions."Dyslexiaisnothinggoodorbad，"shesays."Sochildrendon'tneedtofeelshamefulandembarrassed."

Almandtheotherco-foundersofDyslexiaRoadhostcommunityeventstoshareresourcesaboutdyslexia.OnMarch2，theorganizationcelebrateditslaunchwithacommunitygathering.Manypeopleturnedup，suggestingtoAlmthe"powerofcommunity".DyslexiaRoadwillalsohostthreeadditionaleventstoconnectfamilieswithlearningexperts.Guestswilldiscusstheavailableeducationaloptions，howtogetadiagnosticevaluationandmore.Additionally，theDyslexiaRoadwebsiteoffersresourceslikebooks.

"We'reexcitedtogetoutthereandstartpushingforwardsothatpeoplecancometogetherandfigureouthowtodirectthisjourney，"Almsays.4.Whatdotheco-foundersofDyslexiaRoadhaveincommon？______A.Theirkidsareuniqueandperfect.

B.Theirkidshavethesameproblem.

C.Theysufferfromlearningdisability.

D.Theyignorechildren'slearningneeds.5.WhatdoesAlmsuggestdoingforpeoplewithdyslexia？______A.Helpingthemdomorebrainexercises.

B.Makingthemrealisetheylackcreativity.

C.Creatingspecialreadingmaterialsforthem.

D.Encouragingthemtoturntotheirownfamilies.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stigma"inparagraph4mean？______A.Shame. B.Selection. C.Principle D.Origin.7.What'sthepurposeofhostingthethreeadditionalevents？______A.Tofindoutkidswithdyslexia.

B.Toprovidetheprofessionalservices

C.Tosellbooksaboutmentaldisability.

D.Tointroducegreatpeoplewithdyslexia.CTheMasai（马赛人）arecontinuallytryingtokeeptheirownwaysinanincreasinglymodernworld.TheylivealongtheborderofKenyaandTanzaniainEastAfrica，movingtheirhomesfromtimetotimetofollowtheircattle，thesourceoftheirlivelihood.Theyrelyontheircattleinmanypartsoftheirlife.Theylikedrinkingthecows'milk.

Theydon'tkilltheircattleforfood.Butifacowiskilled，thepartsofitsbodyareusedtomakecontainers，shoes，clothing，ropes，bedcoveringsandsoon.Notallofthemenhavecows.Themorecattleamanowns，thericherheisconsideredtobe.Amanwhoowns50orfewercattleisconsideredpoor.Richmenhaveathousandormore，Thecattle，thoughownedbytheman，areconsideredtobelongtotheman'sentirefamily.Thefamilynamesthecattleandcanrecognizeeachanimal'sspecialvoice.

TheMasaimenhavebecomeknownaswarriors（勇士），protectingtheircattleagainstotherwildanimals.Theyweartheirredlonghair.Mostwomenoftentakecareoftheirchildren，cookfood，cleanclothesandmakeclothingathome.Theyalsomakenecklaces，dressesandheaddresses.Afewwomencanalsobecomeauthoritiesoncetheyarepowerfulenough.TheyspeakalanguagecalledMaa.

ThehousesofMasaimadefromsticksandgrass，whichareheldtogetherwithamixtureofmud，arenotveryfirmorsafe.TheseplainhouseswithsomebasicsuppliesarebuiltinacircleandmakeupaMasaivillage.Theyarenotmeanttolastlongsincethemigration（迁徙）ofthecowpopulationmeansthattheMasaimoveaswell.Inthemeantime，inordertopreventanimalsfromentering，theyalsoformawallofbranches.Thewholesetupistoprotectthecattle，whichsleepatnightinthemiddleofthevillage.Theyseemtoliveanaturalandself-sufficientlifebutlackmoderncivilization.8.WhatdoweknowabouttheMasai？______A.Theydon'tmoveintheirlives.

B.Theyeachhavetheirowncows.

C.Theydon'tkilltheircattleatall.

D.Theyareheavilydependentoncattle.9.WhatdomostoftheMasaiwomenworkas？______A.Authorities. B.Housewives. C.Designers. D.Warriors.10.WhichwordbestdescribesMasaihouses？______A.Modern. B.Lasting. C.Simple. D.Safe.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.Africans：LivingaMovinglife

B.Africans：BravePeopleintheWorld

C.TheMasai：MaintainingaTraditionalLifestyle

D.TheMasai：RichPeopleontheBorderofEastAfricaDObjectsinthenightskyaredisappearingfromviewbecauseoflightpollution，accordingtoanewstudy.Outdoorlightingfromstreetlamps，officebuildingsandvehicleheadlightsleadstoskylessbright，whichiswhenthenightskygetsbrighter.Thebrighteritisatnight，theharderitistoseestarsandplanetsfromEarth.

ChristopherKyba，anastronomerwiththeGFZGermanResearchCenterforGeosciences，ledhisteamstudying50，000starobservationsbetween2011and2022."Ifthebrighteningofthenightskycontinuesatthecurrentrate，"Kybasaid，"achildborninaplacewhere250starsarevisiblewillonlybeabletosee100starsbythetimeheorsheturned18."

TheissueisglobalbutparticularlycommoninNorthAmerica，where80%ofpeoplecannotseetheMilkyWaygalaxy（银河系）.Thishugegroupofbillionsofstarsshouldlooklikeawidestripoflightinthedarknightsky.However，onlyveryremoteplaces，suchastheSaharaDesertandtheAmazonrainforest，haveatrulydarknightsky.

Lightpollutionmakesitharderforastronomerstostudystarsandplanets.Italsocausesproblemsforanimals.Animalsactiveatnightlikebatsbecomeconfusedandcrashintoobjects.Turtlesthathatch（孵化）atnightneedmoonlighttofindthesea，butartificiallightscanconfusethemandmakethemheadinlandinstead.Birdsincitiesoftenwakeupandstartsingingearlierthantheyshould.Humanlightsalsocausethemselvestoproducelessofachemicalcalledmelatonin（褪黑激素）.Thiscanleadtosleepproblems，headaches，tiredness，andmoodissues.

Tohelp，scientistswanttoraiseawarenessoflightpollution.Theysuggestthatpeopleuseoutdoorlightingthatcauseslesslightpollution，suchasmotion-sensitivelightsthatswitchononlywhenthey'reneeded.12.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext？______A.Byaskingaquestion. B.Byreferringtoastudy.

C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byshowingexperiments.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromKyba'swords？______A.Lightpollutionisbecomingserious.

B.Starsarebecomingfeweryearbyyear.

C.Kidsarelosinginterestinwatchingstars.

D.It'seasierforadultstoseestarsthankids.14.Whateffectmaylightpollutioncause？______A.Humansproducemoremelatonin.

B.Turtlesareforcedtohatchatsea.

C.Birdsincitieswakeupmuchlater.

D.Batscangetlostduringtheflight.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext？______A.Pollutiondoesaffectchildren.

B.Lightcauseshumansleepproblems.

C.Lightpollutionismakingstarsdisappear.

D.Therearesomewaystodealwithlightpollution.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Whetherinworkorstudy，greatpeoplealwaysdothingsaseffectivelyaspossible.Productive（高效的）peoplehaveonethingincommon：Asolidroutinemadeupofsmallhabitsthathelpsthemtokeepahealthymindsetandlifestyle.Researchshowsahabittakesabout21daystobecomenormalbehavior.（1）______

●Makedailyto-dolists.（2）______Somepeopleprefertomaketheirto-dolistsfirstthinginthemorning，whileothersliketodothemeachnighttoprepareforthedayahead.Asamatteroffact，eitherwayhelpsyoutomanageyourtimeandworkloadefficiently.

●（3）______Writingdownyourthoughtsinyourdiarycanhelpyouachievegoals.Youshouldevenwritedownyourprogress，nomatterhowsmallitis，tohelpmotivateyoutokeepgoing.Thisprocesswillhelpyoureflectandimproveyourmemoryandbrainfunction.

●Havearest.Whateveryouareworkingon，youdonothavetouseupeveryounceofenergyyouhave.（4）______Whencomingback，you'llbecomeclear-headedandhappy，leadingtogreaterproductivitythanjustrushingthroughit.

●Cleanupandorganizefortomorrow.（5）______Itmaybealittletiring.However，tidyingupyourhomeandpreparingfortomorrowcanpreventstress.Thisdailymaintainingcanensurethatyoudonothavetospendanentireafternooncleaningduringtheweekend.

A.Keepajournal.

B.Makegreatprogress.

C.Makingalistoftasksforthedayhelpsyoutostayontrack.

D.Afteralongday，thelastthingyoumaywanttodoisclean.

E.Takeabreakatthesametimeeachday，despitejust10minutes.

F.Youshouldbeenergeticalldayandsparenoefforttofinishyourwork.

G.Herearesomehabitsyoucanstartpracticingtobecomemoreproductive.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Thismorning，mydaughter，Helen，andIarrivedatatowninXi'an，China.Wecameto（1）______myhusband，James，whohadlandedajob.WehadspentthepastfouryearslivinginHongKong，China，afterI（2）______myjobasajournalistinSydney.WhenwesawJames，hehadneverappearedso（3）______.Hehappilykeptsharinginterestingthingswithus.

Thenextday，Jameswasbusywithhiswork.SoHelenandI（4）______thenewtownonourown.Wewere（5）______abouteverythingonthestreet.Crowdsofpeoplehadastrong（6）______toknowaboutus，too.AgirlaskedHelen，"Whereareyoufrom？"Helenbeganto（7）______withher，andsoontheyseemedtobefriends.Withcurlyhairandblueeyes，Helenstoodoutinthe（8）______andwasverypopular.Peoplepaidtoomuchattentiontous，buttheymeant（9）______.

Walkingaround，Iwas（10）______bythetown.ItwasatypicalChinesetownfilledwithtraditionalbuildingsandredlanternsliningthestreets.Withsuchabeautifularearightbyourdoorstep，Istartedtofeel（11）______aboutthefuture.

AfterHelen（12）______aninternationalschoolinXi'ancity，Ihadachancetocommunicatewithsomeparentsofdifferentcolorsduringtheschoolrun.Beforelongwebecamefamiliarandclose，andImadeafew（13）______fromallovertheworld.Regardlessof（不管）（14）______，weallsharedthebasicdesiretobeloved.Afterseveralyears，ourfamily（15）______toSydney，butIcouldn'tgetChinaoffmymind.21.

A.meetupwith B.breakupwith C.sendfor D.standfor22.

A.offered B.confirmed C.left D.got23.

A.grateful B.merry C.upset D.desperate24.

A.promoted B.dominated C.described D.explored25.

A.anxious B.sensitive C.curious D.honest26.

A.memory B.desire C.proposal D.evidence27.

A.talk B.work C.fight D.argue28.

A.classroom B.apartment C.club D.crowd29.

A.never B.well C.professionally D.shallowly30.

A.impressed B.delayed C.frightened D.trapped31.

A.doubtful B.stressful C.hopeful D.careful32.

A.attended B.decorated C.visited D.built33.

A.comments B.demands C.friends D.wishes34.

A.fashion B.race C.expense D.devotion35.

A.admitted B.applied C.turned D.returned四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Formanyyearstherehasbeenastandingyogaposition（1）______hasbeenandcontinuestobeoneofmyfavouritesports.Itincludesbalance，trustandsupport.EachtimeItakepart（2）______thispractice，Ifeeladeepsenseofconnectionwithallthoseinthegroup.Anditmakesmesmile.

Insteadof（3）______（stand）alone，theclassstandsinacirclecloseenoughforustoholdhands，withourleftpalms（手掌）upandrightpalmsdown.Asaunit，weshiftourweighttoonefootandpickup（4）______otherfoot.Thenslowlywechangethehandpositionsothatwearepalmtopalm.Weraiseour（5）______（arm）aboveourheads，respectingthereachofthepersononeithersideofus.

Agentlesway（摇摆）maystart，andsoonwerealizewehavethesupportofeachpersoninthecircle，trustingthem（6）______（protect）usfromfalling.Wefeelasenseofsecurity，knowingwe（7）______（support）safely.Intimewe'rebackonourtwofeet.

（8）______（eventual），thereisamomentofsilenceforustoabsorbtheloveandsupportwehavereceived.Westandstrongtogetherincommunityanditissomuch（9）______（good）thanstandingalone.Aboveall，allofusfeel（10）______（relax）andhappy.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，俱乐部将举行主题为"ChineseTeaCulture"的英语演讲比赛。请你给外教Lily写邮件邀请她做评委，内容包括：

（1）写信目的；

（2）比赛简介（时间、地点和参与者等）。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

DearLily，

___________

Yourssincerely，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Whencomingtothiscityforhighschool，Imovedintothenewhousewithmyparents.Wewereverygratefultotheownerforrentingusthishouseatacheapprice.Thehousewasreallycomfortabletolivein.Itwaswarminsideandfulloflifeoutside.

Atreeinthefrontyardattractedmyattention，andallIcouldconfirmwasthatitwasafruittree.Myfatherthoughtitwasafig（无花果）tree，andsureenough，asthemonthswentby，thetreegrewhugeleavesandfinallyborethefruit—figs，thesizeofmyfist.Howwonderfultheywere!Itookmanypicturesofthefigtree.Andthenwewonderedhowtodealwiththefigs.Mymotherthoughtforawhileandsaid，"Whynottrymakingfigjam？"Irespondedquickly，"That'sagoodidea!"

Jack，oneofourneighbors，justvisitedusandaskedifhecouldpicksomefigsfromourtree.Certainly，weencouragedhimtotakeasmanyasheliked.Infact，Jackwasextremelypoliteandfriendlytous.Heintroducedhimselfatthefirstsightofus.Healwayswavedtomeashecamehomeorasheleftforwork.

WhenIpickedthefigswithhim，hetoldmeabouthowhehadbeenlivinginthehousenextdoorforclosetotwentyyears.Hesaid，"Bruce，theownerofthehouseyouliveinnow，usedtobemybestfriend，andwehadplantedthisveryfigtreeafewyearsbeforehewenttothenursinghome."Iwasamazedtoknowthatweactuallyenjoyedthefruitofhiswork.Hetoldmethathewassoimpressedbythequalityofthefruitthisyear.Ifoundafruitboxforhimtoputthefigsin.Bothofusenjoyedthepleasureofsharing.

WhenJacksetoutforhishome，IturnedtomyparentsandadviseddoingsomethinginreturnforJackandBruce'skindnessandfriendliness.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Finally，wedecidedtoinviteJackandhisfamilytodinnerthatnight.___________

Thenextday，ourfamilyandJackvisitedBruceinthenursinghome.___________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Boulders

Beach部分的BouldersBeachisanunusualbeach，hometoendangeredAfricanpenguins（BouldersBeach是一个不同寻常的海滩，是濒临灭绝的非洲企鹅的家园），可知BouldersBeach特别之处在于它是非洲企鹅的家园，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据Llandudno

Beach部分的Llandudno

is

popular

with

hikers，who

can

explore

the

attractive

coastal

paths

that

wind

through

the

surrounding

mountains（Llandudno深受徒步旅行者的欢迎，他们可以探索蜿蜒穿过周围山脉的迷人海岸小路），可知在Llandudno游客们可以在山上徒步，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据Muizenberg

Beach部分的It

is

famous

for

beginner-friendly

waves，making

it

the

perfect

place

for

surfers（它以适合初学者的海浪而闻名，是冲浪者的理想之地），可知Muizenberg

Beach最吸引海浪初学者，故选D。

这是一篇说明文，作者介绍了在开普敦的自然美景。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】B、A、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中ChristineAlm，whohasthevirtueofbeingreadytohelpothers，istheco-founderofDyslexiaRoadandthemotheroffourchildrenwithdyslexia.（克莉丝汀•阿尔姆拥有随时准备帮助他人的美德，她是"阅读障碍之路"的联合创始人，也是四个患有阅读障碍的孩子的母亲。）以及Almhasrecentlyco-foundedDyslexiaRoadwiththreeothermomswhosechildrenalsohavedyslexia.Thenonprofitorganizationprovideslearningresourcesforchildrenwhohavethelearningdisability.（Alm最近与另外三位孩子也患有阅读障碍的母亲共同创立了"阅读障碍之路"。这家非营利组织为有学习障碍的儿童提供学习资源。）可知，阅读障碍之路的联合创始人的孩子们都有着同样的问题阅读障碍。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Almexplainsthatpeoplewithdyslexianeedmoreassistanceintrainingtheirbraintoread.（阿尔姆解释说，患有阅读障碍的人需要更多的帮助来训练他们的大脑阅读。）可知，对于阅读障碍，阿尔姆建议他们需要更多的帮助来训练他们的大脑阅读。故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段For

Alm，the

biggest

challenge

dealing

with

dyslexia

with

her

own

children

is

the

stigma

surrounding

the

topic.She

believes

that

it's

helpful

to

have

open

and

honest

discussions.（对Alm来说，与自己的孩子一起处理阅读障碍的最大挑战是围绕这个话题的污名。她认为，进行公开和诚实的讨论是有帮助的。）故划线词的含义与A选项"shame（羞愧）"为同义词。A．Shame羞愧；B．Selection选择；C．Principle原则；D．Origin起源。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段DyslexiaRoadwillalsohostthreeadditionaleventstoconnectfamilieswithlearningexperts.Guestswilldiscusstheavailableeducationaloptions，howtogetadiagnosticevaluationandmore.Additionally，theDyslexiaRoadwebsiteoffersresourceslikebooks.（阅读障碍之路还将举办另外三项活动，将家庭与学习专家联系起来。客人将讨论可用的教育选项、如何获得诊断评估等。此外，阅读障碍之路网站还提供书籍等资源。）最后一段We'reexcitedtogetoutthereandstartpushingforwardsothatpeoplecancometogetherandfigureouthowtodirectthisjourney，"Almsays.（"我们很高兴能走出去，开始向前推进，这样人们就可以走到一起，找出如何指导这段旅程，"阿尔姆说。）可知，之所以举办另外三个活动其目的是为了给同样遭遇的人们做出提供专业服务。故选B。

本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍的是克莉丝汀•阿尔姆拥有随时准备帮助他人的美德，她是"阅读障碍之路"的联合创始人，也是四个患有阅读障碍的孩子的母亲。她与其他创始人开创该项目帮助那些具有同样"阅读障碍"的孩子们，并且指导他们能够更好的走完这段旅途。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。8~11.【答案】D、B、C、C【解析】

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Theyrelyontheircattleinmanypartsoftheirlife.（他们在生活的许多方面都依赖他们的牛。）可知，马赛人严重依赖牛，故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Mostwomenoftentakecareoftheirchildren，cookfood，cleanclothesandmakeclothingathome.（大多数妇女经常在家照顾她们的孩子，做饭，洗衣服和做衣服。）可推知，大多数马赛妇女扮演着家庭主妇的角色，故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段TheseplainhouseswithsomebasicsuppliesarebuiltinacircleandmakeupaMasaivillage.（这些带有一些基本生活用品的平房围成一个圈，构成了一个马赛村。）可知，马赛人的房屋很简陋，由此可推知，这个词最能描述马赛人的房屋，A.Modern现代的；B.Lasting耐用的；C.Simple简单的；D.Safe安全的。故选C。

（4）标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了东非马赛人传统的生活方式。C项"马赛人：保持传统生活方式。"适合作文章的标题，故选C。

短文主要描述了马赛人在现代社会中努力保持自己的生活方式。他们居住在肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚的边境地区，根据牛群的迁徙来移动他们的住所。他们依赖牛在生活的许多方面，喜欢喝牛奶。他们不会为了食物而杀牛，但如果一头牛被杀，它的身体部分会被用来制作容器、鞋子、衣服、绳子、床罩等。马赛男人拥有的牛越多，被认为越富有。拥有50头或更少牛的人被认为是穷人，而富人拥有一千头或更多。马赛男人虽然拥有牛，但牛被认为属于整个家庭。家庭为牛取名，并能辨认每只牛的特殊声音。马赛男人以保护牛群免受其他野生动物侵害而闻名，他们留着红色的长发。大多数女性负责照顾孩子、做饭、洗衣服和制作衣物。他们还制作项链、裙子和头饰。一些女性也可以成为权威人物，一旦她们足够强大。他们说一种叫做马语的语言。马赛人的房子由木棍和草制成，用泥浆粘合在一起，不是很坚固或安全。这些简单的房子和一些基本的用品建在一个圆圈里，组成一个马赛村庄。由于牛群的迁徙，这些房子并不打算长久存在，同时为了防止动物进入，他们还用树枝建起了一道墙。整个布局是为了保护牛群，牛群在夜间睡在村庄的中心。他们似乎过着自然而自给自足的生活，但缺乏现代文明。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。12~15.【答案】B、A、D、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段的Objectsinthenightskyaredisappearingfromviewbecauseoflightpollution，accordingtoanewstudy（一项新的研究表明，由于光污染，夜空中的物体正在从人们的视野中消失），可知作者通过提到一项研究来引出文章的主题。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段的"If

the

brightening

of

the

night

sky

continues

at

the

current

rate，"

Kyba

said，

"a

child

born

in

a

place

where

250

stars

are

visible

will

only

be

able

to

see

100

stars

by

the

time

he

or

she

turned

18"（"如果夜空继续以目前的速度变亮，"Kyba说，"一个出生在可以看到250颗星星的地方的孩子，到18岁时只能看到100颗星星"），可知Kyba的话告诉我们光污染越来越严重。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段的It

also

causes

problems

for

animals.Animals

active

at

night

like

bats

become

confused

and

crash

into

objects（这也给动物带来了问题。在夜间活动的动物，如蝙蝠，会感到困惑并撞向物体），可知光污染可能会使蝙蝠在飞行过程中迷路。故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第一段的The

brighter

it

is

at

night，the

harder

it

is

to

see

stars

and

planets

from

Earth（夜晚越亮，就越难从地球上看到恒星和行星），可知本文主要讲述了光污染的问题，特别是光污染使人们很难看到夜空中的星星。故选C项。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了光污染的危害。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。16~20.【答案】G、C、A、E、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Research

shows

a

habit

takes

about

21

days

to

become

normal

behavior（研究表明，一个习惯大约需要21天才能成为正常行为）；以及后文列举的习惯，可知表示"以下是一些你可以开始练习的习惯，从而提高工作效率"的选项G可以承接前文习惯养成的话题，引出后文介绍的习惯，故选G。

（2）推理判断题。根据主题句Make

daily

to-do

lists（列出每日待办事项），可知表示"列出一天的任务清单有助于你保持不偏离中心"的选项C可以承接主题，介绍列出每日待办事项的作用，故选C。

（3）主题判断题。根据后句Writing

down

your

thoughts

in

your

diary

can

help

you

achieve

goals（把你的想法写在日记里可以帮助你实现目标），可知表示"记日记"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，介绍记日记可以帮助你实现目标，故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据前文Have

a

rest.Whatever

you

are

working

on，you

do

not

have

to

use

up

every

ounce

of

energy

you

have（休息一下。无论你在做什么，你都不必耗尽你的每一盎司能量），可知表示"每天在同一时间休息，10分钟就可以"的选项E可以承接前文，介绍休息一下的具体做法，故选E。

（5）推理判断题。根据后句It

may

be

a

little

tiring.However，tidying

up

your

home

and

preparing

for

tomorrow

can

prevent

stress（这可能有点累。然而，整理你的家并为明天做准备可以防止压力），可知表示"经过漫长的一天，你可能最不想做的事就是打扫卫生"的选项D符合语境，介绍打扫卫生的作用，故选D。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一些有助于提高效率的好习惯。

这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。21~35.【答案】A、C、B、D、C、B、A、D、B、A、C、A、C、B、D【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.meet

up

with与...见面；B.breakup

with与.…分手；C.send

for派人去请；D.stand

for代表。句意：我们是来见我丈夫詹姆斯的，他找到了一份工作。根据上文"This

morning，my

daughter，Helen，and

I

arrived

at

a

town

inXian，China."作者和女儿来到了中国西安的一个小镇，以及该句中的"who

had

landedajob."可推知，作者和女儿来到西安是来见她的丈夫詹姆斯。故选A项。

（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.offered提供；B.confirmed证实；C.left离开；D.got得到。句意：在我辞去悉尼记者的工作后，我们在中国香港生活了四年。根据上文"Wehad

spent

the

past

four

years

living

in

HongKong"可知，该动作是发生在空格处动作之前，由此可推知，作者辞去悉尼记者的工作后，在中国香港生活了四年。故选C项。

（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.grateful感激的；B.merry高兴的；C.upset不安的；D.desperate绝望的。句意：我们见到詹姆斯时，他从来没有显得这么高兴过。根据下文"He

happily

kept

sharing

interesting

thingswith

us."丈夫一直很高兴地和我们分享有趣的事情可知，作者和孩子们到来后，丈夫很高兴。故选B项。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.promoted促进；B.dominated主导；C.described描述；D.explored探索。句意：所以海伦和我独自探索了这个新城镇。根据上文提到的作者和女儿们刚来到这个地方，以及下文"We

were（5）about

everything

onthe

street."提到的作者和女儿来到街上可推知，作者和女儿新来到这个地方，应该是对此感到好奇，所以说她们探索了这个新城镇。故选D项。

（5）考查形容词及语境理解。A.anxious焦虑的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.curious好奇的；D.honest诚实的。句意：我们对街上的一切都很好奇。根据上文提到的作者和女儿一起探索了这个新城镇，以及下文"knowabout

us，too"中的too可知，街道上的人们也想了解我们，这说明我和女儿想了解一切，即对一切都感到好奇。be

curiousabout"对…….好奇"。故选C项。

（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.memory回忆；B.desire愿望；C.proposal建议；D.evidence证据。句意：很多人也都很想了解我们。根据下文"A

girl

asked

Helen，"Where

areyou

from？""街上人们的提问，可推知，很多人也都很想了解作者他们。故选B项。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.talk说话；B.work工作；C.fight战斗；D.argue争论。句意：海伦开始和她说话，很快他们似乎成了朋友。根据上文一个女孩的提问，以及下文"and

soon

they

seemed

to

befriends."可推知，海伦回答女孩的问题，即和她说话，所以她们很快他们成了朋友。故选A项。

（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.classroom教室；B.apartment公寓；C.club俱乐部；D.crowd人群。句意：海伦有一头卷发和一双蓝眼睛，在人群中很显眼，很受欢迎。根据该句中的"stood

out"和上文提到的"Crowds

of

people"可知，此处crowd为同词复现，海伦在人群中很显眼，很受欢迎。故选D项。

（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.never从不；B.well友善地；C.professionally专业地；D.shallowly肤浅地。句意：人们太关注我们了，但他们是出于好意。根据上文"People

paid

too

much

attention

to

us"以及该句中的but转折可推知，前后指转折关系，人们很关注作者他们了，但都是出于好意。故选B项。

（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.impressed使留下深刻印象；B.delayed延误；C.frightened使震惊；D.trapped困住。句意：走着走着，我对这个小镇印象深刻。根据下文对小镇的介绍"It

was

a

typicalChinese

town

filled

with

traditional

buildingsand

red

lanterns

lining

the

streets.（这是一个典型的中国城镇，街道两旁都是传统建筑和红灯笼。）"和"With

such

a

beautiful

area

rightby

our

doorstep"可知，作者认为这个地方很美，所以说这个小镇印象深刻。beimpressed

by"对……印象深刻"。故选A项。

（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.doubtful怀疑的；B.stressful有压力的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.careful仔细的。句意：有这么美丽的地方就在我们家门口，我开始对未来充满希望。根据上文"With

suchabeautiful

area

right

by

our

doorstep"可推知，作者看到家附近有这么美丽的地方，所以憧憬未来，对未来充满希望。故选C项。

（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.attended出席；定期去（学校、教堂等）；B.decorated装饰；C.visited拜访；D.built建造。句意：海伦在西安市的一所国际学校上学后，我有机会在上学的过程中和一些不同肤色的家长交流。根据该句中的"an

internationalschool"和下文"I

had

a

chance

to

communicatewith

some

parents

of

different

colors

duringthe

school

run."提到的作者和接送孩子的家长交谈可知，作者的女儿海伦也在这所学校上学。attend

school"上学"。故选A项。

（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.comments评论；B.demands要求；C.friends朋友；D.wishes愿望。句意：不久，我们变得熟悉和亲密，我交了一些来自世界各地的朋友。根据上文"Before

long

we

becamefamiliar

and

close"作者和国际学校的家长变得熟悉，可推知，此处为作者交了一些来自世界各地的朋友。故选C项。

（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.fashion时尚；B.race种族；C.expense代价，费用；D.devotion奉献。句意：无论种族如何，我们都有被爱的基本愿望。根据上文提到的"After

Helen（12）an

internationalschool

in

Xi'an

city，I

had

a

chance

tocommunicate

with

some

parents

of

differentcolors

during

the

school

run."作者的女儿在国际学校，作者交了一些来自世界各地的朋友，以及下文"we

all

shared

the

basic

desireto

be

loved"可推知，作者认为，无论种族如何，我们都有被爱的基本愿望。故选B项。

（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.admitted承认；B.applied运用，申请；C.turned转向，求助于；D.returned返回。句意：几年后，我们一家回到了悉尼，但我无法将中国从我的脑海中抹去。根据上文提到的作者辞去悉尼记者的工作，以及下文"butIcouldn't

get

China

off

my

mind."可推知，作者再次返回到了悉尼，但无法将中国从她的脑海中抹去。故选D项。

这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因丈夫工作原因，举家从悉尼搬到中国生活的故事，并且对中国充满了深深的感情。

完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。36.【答案】【小题1】that/which【小题2】in【小题3】standing【小题4】the【小题5】arms【小题6】toprotect【小题7】aresupported【小题8】Eventually【小题9】better【小题10】relaxed【解析】（1）考