2024北京理工大附中高一（下）期中英语试题及答案

试题PAGE1试题2024北京理工大附中高一（下）期中英语第一部分知识运用(共三节，38分)第一节(共8小题;每小题1分，共8分)一．根据括号内汉语提示，用单词正确形式填空。1.WhenthankingtheCommitteeforthehonour,TuYouyousaid,“Thisisnotonlyanhonourformyself,butalso____________andencouragementforallscientistsinChina.”(认可)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)2.TuYouyouresearchedhundredsoftraditional____________connectedtoanti-malarialcures.(处方；秘诀)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)3.Unfortunately,in1995disaster____________Reeve.(突然发生某种不幸；打，击)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)4.Withanewsenseofenergyand____________,Reeveundertookanintenseexerciseprogramtohelphimachievehisgoalofwalkingagain.(投入，忠诚，奉献，承诺)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)5.Hispaintingswere____________experimentsashetriedtoplaywithreality.(视觉的，视力的)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)6.OneofVincentvanGoghmasterpiecesisThe____________Night.(布满星星的)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)7.LudwigvanBeethovenisregardedasoneofthegreatest____________.(作曲家)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)8.Afterall,whatuseisaconductorwhocouldnothearhisorchestra—evenifheisamusical____________.(天才)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Brittanywashavingoneofthosedayswhenthingsjustkeptgoingwrong.Shewastiredandstressedassheleftfootballpracticewithallthreeofherkids.Witheveryonewornoutfromthebusyday,Brittanydecidedto___9___dinnerfromtheMcDonald’sontheirwayhome.Wyattwastheteenagerworkingtherewhotookher___10___thatday.AsBrittanypulleduptothedrive-throughwindowtopay,allherkidswerecryingforonereasonoranother.Andthat’swhenit___11___Brittany:She’dleftherpurseathome.Shelookedattheyoungmanwithtearsineyesjustfrombeing___12___andannoyedandsaid,“IamsosorrybutIhavetocancelthatorder.Ileftmypurseathomewhenwewenttofootballtonight.”BeforeBrittanycouldsayanything,Wyattpulledouthiswallet,swipedhiscard,andpaidforthemeal.AsateenagerworkingatMcDonald’s,Wyattprobablydoesn’t___13___much.Yet,hefirmlydeclinedallofBrittany’s___14___toreturnandpayhimback.WhileWyatt___15___shruggedoffwhathedid,Brittanyknewthisisjustthekindofhopeourworldneedsrightnow.So,shesnappedaquickphotoandsharedherstoryonsocialmedia.“IjustwanthisparentstoknowhowKIND&COMPASSIONATEtheirsonwastonight!Hemademerealizethisisexactlywhatweparentsaretryingtodo—___16___greathumans,”shewrote.AfterconnectingwithWyatt’smom,BrittanydiscoveredWyattwassavingupforavehicle.Soshestartedafundraisingcampaignonlinetohelptheteenrealizehisdream.StrangersfromalloverthecountrylovedBrittany’sstory.Thehumbleteenager___17___andencouragedthem.Beforelong,Brittanycollectedover$40,000fromthefundraiser!“Idon’tknowhowtoputitintowordsbecauseofjusthowcrazyitwas,”Wyattsaid.“It’sjustasmallactof____18____andeverythingblewupandit’sjustamazingtothinkthatsomethinglikethatcangetyouthisfar.”9.A.cook B.have C.grab D.serve10.A.place B.word C.order D.bill11.A.hit B.beat C.reminded D.informed12.A.nervous B.grateful C.scared D.stressed13.A.make B.spend C.waste D.collect14.A.demands B.promises C.suggestions D.invitations15.A.jokingly B.eagerly C.humbly D.cautiously16.A.raising B.protecting C.remembering D.guiding17.A.trusted B.instructed C.supported D.inspired18.A.will B.kindness C.honesty D.courage第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。MynameisBarbaraandIworkatadepartmentstore.I____19____(work)thereforoneyearwhenanotherBarbarajoinedthestaff.ThenIchangedmynametagfrom“Barb”to“Barbie”.____20____mademefeelfunnywashowsmallkidstalkedaboutme.“IsshereallyBarbie?”theyasked.Ichangeditatmyotherjob,tooandbeganansweringthephone,“ThisisBarbie.HowcanIhelpyou?”Thecallershavegottenusedtothatovertime,ninetypercentof____21____nowrespondwithmyname:“Barbie,canyoutellme.”Pronouncingthatlong“e”soundforcesyourmouthintoasmile,butIhavefoundthesmileisusuallyreturnedvoluntarily.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Accordingtosomefoodexperts,itishardesttogiveupthefoodyougrowupwith.Ofcourse,eachperson’scomfortfoodlargelydependsontheplace____22____theycome—foraChineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswithasaucerofvinegar,andforanativeoftheUKitmightbetheclassicfishandchips,____23____(serve)hot,saltyandsour.Onemouthfulofcomfortfoodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots,____24____(give)usthe“tasteofhome”andrelievingfeelingsofhomesickness.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mostofusclaimwedon’thavetimeforexercise.However,manyexpertssaythatexerciseplaysanimportantroleinmakingourbodyhealthy.Being____25____(physical)activeoffersmany____26____(advantage).Asaphysicalreward,exercisecanreduceweightandtheriskofheartdisease.Exercisealsobringsgoodeffectsmentally.Itcanmakeusfeelrefreshedandhappy,helpingusincreaseourlifequality.Actually,exercisecan____27____(do)insimpleways.Forexample,wecantakethestairsratherthanthelift.Overall,it’shardtofindtime____28____(exercise)inourbusylives,buteverylittlebithelps.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIcelandhaslongbeenidentifiedashavinguniqueenvironments.Hereyoucanwalkandswimbetweentectonic(地壳构造的)plates,bathingeothermalwaters,andexperiencethewildlandscapes.Furthermore,theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars(火星).DAY1ArriveinReykjavik.Aftercheck-in,youwillvisitthegeothermalpoolsoftheBlueLagoontorelaxafteryourflight,beforereturningtoyourhoteltofreshenup.YouwillthenheadtotheAuroraBasecampObservatory,whereyouwillbeabletoseethenorthernlightsrecreatedindoors.Intheevening,spaceexpertNiamhShawwillgivethefirstoftwotalksonourattempttoestablishbasesonotherplanets.DAY2Afterbreakfast,youwillsetoutonspecialvehiclestowardsÞingvellirNationalPark,aregisteredUNESCOworldheritage(遗产)siteaccompaniedbyNiamh.Here,youwillhavetheopportunitytodosomethingthatyoucan’tdoanywhereelse,theopportunitytoswimbetweenthetectonicplates.Intheevening,youwillenjoyasecondtalkfromNiamh.DAY3Todayyoubeginyourjourneytowardsthe2020NASAtestsite,wheretheNASASAND_EMarsRoverisbeingtested.NASAscientistswillbeonhandtoexplaintheproject,alongwithupdatesofthecurrentMarsmissionsandthemostrecentfindings.DAY4In2019,IcelandSpaceAgencyhostedtheISAGEVR1ExpeditiontoGrimsvötnVolcanoontopoftheVatnajökullGlacier(冰川)tofieldtesttheMS1MarsAnalogSpacesuitdesignedbytheNASA/Johnsonspacecentre.Wewillbeworkingtogetherwiththeagencytocreateauniqueexperienceforyoutodayontheglacier.DAY5Intheafternoon,youwillreachthebridgebetweenthecontinents,spanningagapinbetweenthetwotectonicplates,onyourwaytoKeflavikAirportandyoureveningflighthome.29.WhowouldbemostinterestedinthistravelarrangementtoIceland?A.Fictionwriters.B.Spaceenthusiasts.C.Wildlifeprotectors.D.Professionalswimmers.30.WhichdaysincludechancestoexperiencesomethingaboutMars?A.Day1andDay2.B.Day2andDay3.C.Day3andDay4.D.Day4andDay5.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbestpromotethistour?A.“Wehopetoofferyouagreatopportunitytoenjoyhiking.”B.“WewillletyouexplorehowNASAisapartofeverydaylife.”C.“Wewanttohelpyoudiscoverspacesciencethroughthejoyoftravel.”D.“WewillprovideyouachancetoexperiencethecultureneartheArcticCircle.”BAfewdaysago,myhusband,Russ,andIlostourhouseof28yearstoaCaliforniawildfire.Onthatnight,wehadtoleaveourhouseandsleepinthebackseatofourFord.Thenextmorning,wehadtodrivethreeandahalfhourstofindahotelthathadanavailableroom.Onlylater,inthelocalnewspaper,didweseephotographsofthedestruction.Ourhousehadbeenconsumedbythefirealongwithmostofourneighborhood.Howarewegoingtorebuildafterthis?Ithought,roundingacornerinthesidewalkonmywalkbacktothehotel.Isitevenpossible?Inoticedsomethingupahead—apairofnickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.Theywerejustnickels,buttheysomehowfeltspecial.Ibentdownandpickedthemup.Ifthesewereluckycoins,IcouldusealltheluckIcouldget.Afewdayslater,Imadeatriptothestoretobuyessentials.Theenormoustaskofreplacingeverythingwe’dlostputaheavyweightonme.IwasabouttoleavewhenIfelttheurgetostopandturnmyheadtotheright.Icouldhardlybelieveit—thereonnickelashelf,wasanickel!Okay,maybethisismorethanluck,Ithoughtandputthenickelinmypocket.ItoldmyselfthatIhadfoundthenickelsjustbychance.ThenIfoundonenexttomyplateatarestaurant—onThanksgiving,noless,whenIwasmissingourhousemorethanever.Itseemedthatanickelappearedwhenevermyspiritsplummeted.WheneverIreachedmybreakingpoint,I’dfindanothernickel.Inthegrassatthepark,ornearthetireofmycarinaparkinglot.Once,mychangeforaquicklunchwasgivenentirelyinnickels.“I’msorry,”thecashiersaid.“It’sallwehave.”It’sallIneeded!Oneday,Iwassittingatthedeskwhenmyphonerang.Itwasareal-estateagentI’dbeenworkingwith.“Ihaveanewlisting,”shesaid.“Whencanweseeit?”Afewhourslater,RussandIwerefollowingtheagentdownthedrivewaytowardthehouse.Ididn’tthinklong.Becausethere,inthedriveway,…32.Afterthewildfire,thecouple________.A.livedintheircarforonenightB.tooksomephotosofthedestructionC.couldhardlyaffordtheirThanksgivingdinnerD.savedpreciousitemsfromtheburneddownhouse33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeted”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Remained. B.Changed. C.Strengthened. D.Sank.34.Whatdidthefoundnickelsmeantotheauthor?A.Luckfortheforeseeablefuture.B.Hopeduringchallengingtimes.C.Signsofahugefortunetocome.D.Remindersofwhathadhappened.35.Whichwouldbethebestendingforthepassage?A.Ispottedaflashofsilverinthesun,twonickels,bothheadsup.B.Ifoundanoldnickel,whichseemedtotellastoryfromthepast.C.Isawamysteriouslockedbox,andthoughtperhapsitwasfullofnickels.D.Ilookedupandimaginedsomethingonacloud,agiantnickel,justforme.CTheLandUndertheSeaTenthousandyearsago,asthelasticeageended,sealevelsaroundtheworldwerefarlowerthantheyaretoday.MuchofthelandunderboththeNorthSeatotheeastofBritainandtheEnglishChannelwhichnowseparatesFranceandBritainwaspartofahugeregionofforestsandgrassyplains.Thentheclimategraduallybecamewarmerandthewatertrappedinlargemassesoficewasreleased.Nowthedevelopmentofadvancedsonar(声纳)technology,knownasbathymetry,ismakingitpossibletostudythisfloodedlandscapeinextraordinarydetail.Aspecialecho(回声)sounderisfixedtothebottomofasurveyshipanditmakeswidesweepsacrosstheseabed.Whileprevioustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwo-dimensionalimages,bathymetrycannowusecomputers,satellite-positioningequipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedmaps.Forthefirsttime,anancientriverbedjumpsoutofthethree-dimensionalimage.Thesiteofpre-historicsettlementscannowbepinpointed.AccordingtoexpertLindaAndrews,thistechnologicaldevelopmentisofhugesignificance.“Wenowhavetheabilitytomaptheseabedasaccuratelyaswecanmapdryland,”shesays.Oncebathymetrictechniqueshaveidentifiedsiteswherepeoplemighthavebuilttheirhomesandvillages,diverscanbesentdowntoinvestigatefurther.Robotsubmarines(潜艇)canalsobeused,andresearchershopetheywillfindstonetoolsandwoodfromhousesasproofofhumanactivity.TheideasharedbymanypeopleinBritainoftheircountryasanaturalislandkingdomwillbechallengedbythefindings:Britainhasbeeninhabitedforabout500,000yearsandmuchofthistimeithasbeenlinkedonandofftocontinentalEurope.Itremainstobeseenhowfarthisnewawarenessistakenonboard,however.Infact,theuseofbathymetrywillnotbelimitedtothestudyoflostlandscapesandancientsettlements.Itwillalsobevitalinfindingshipsthathavebeendestroyedinaccidents.Inaddition,commercialapplicationsarearealpossibility.Aggregates(骨材)fortheconstructionindustryarebecomingincreasinglyexpensive,andbathymetrycanbeusedtoidentifysuitablesitesfordiggingforthismaterial.Mappingtheseabedwillalsoidentifyplaceswhererareplantsandshellfishareliving.Diggingatsuchsitesshouldbeprevented,eithertoworkforaprofitortomakedeeperwaterwaysformassivecontainerships.36.Howdoesbathymetrywork?A.Ithasanechosounderplacedontheseabed.B.Itmakesuseofanumberofdifferentdevices.C.Itproducestwo-dimensionalimagesoftheseafloor.D.Itbasesitscalculationsonthelocationofconstructionsites.37.Theauthorbelievesabetterunderstandingofthesettlementsontheseabedmay______.A.attractinvestmentintheresearchundertheseaB.inspirepeopletotakeaninterestinmoderntechnologyC.adapttheattitudesoftheBritishtotheircountry’shistoryD.receiveconfirmationofrebuildingancientman-madeobjects38.Wecanlearnthattheuseofbathymetrywillhelpto______.A.identifynewspeciesofplantsandanimals B.providethepreciselocationofsunkenshipsC.evaluatethecostofseekingcertainresources D.promotethedevelopmentofdeeperwaterways第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatAretheRootsofYourSelf-Esteem?Self-esteemisaperson'ssubjectiveassessmentofhisorherworthtohimselforherself.Self-esteemcoversvariousbeliefsaboutoneself(suchas'Tmafailure"and"I'mbeautiful")aswellasphysiologicalstates,includingsadness,joy,andshame.Themorewebelievethatweareworthyofhappinessandgoodthingsinlife,themoreself-fulfilledwewillbe.Whenwedon'tbelievethatweareworthyofthesethings,ourabilitytoenjoythemcansuffer.____39____Healthyself-esteemasanadultcanbeagiftgiveninyourchildhood.Itisablessingthatmostpeopleoverlook.Therearesomanywaysadultswithhighself-esteemweresupportedaschildrenthatresultedinthemhavinghighself-esteem.Forinstance,theywerepraisedforwhattheyhadachieved.____40____Theylikelyexperiencedaffectionandweregivenenoughattention.Itisalsopossiblethattheyexcelledinstudiesorinsportsandwereadmiredforitbypeers.____41____Aschildren,manyofthesepeoplewerecriticized,yelledat,orabusedinonewayoranother.Thereisalsoahighchancethattheyweregivennoattentionbytheadultswhoweresupposedtocareforthem.Insomecases,adultswithpoorself-esteemwereoftenridiculedfortheirshortcomingsorbulliedbypeers.Itiscommonthattheseadultsalsobelievethatinordertobeappreciatedtheyneedtobeperfect.____42____Therearepeoplewhoareobsessedwiththeircareersorhobbiesbecauseintheirmindtheyneedtotietheirworthinesstosomethingconcrete.Oftentimesthesepeoplehavetopretendtobesomethingtheyarenotjusttogetapproval.Howyoufeelaboutyourselfimpactshowyouliveyourlife.Peoplewithhighself-esteemtendtohavebetterrelationshipsthanthosewithlowself-esteem.____43____Soifyoustruggletoreachoutforassistance,itcouldberootedinyourlowself-esteem.A.Thereisalsoagoodchancethattheywerespokentorespectfully.B.Whenwestarttodoubtwhat'simportantinlife,wetendtodolessofit.C.Sinceself-esteemisconnectedtohowweperform,itisimportanttoworkonit.D.Peoplewithpoorself-esteem,ontheotherhand,oftenexperiencedtheopposite.E.Thiscreatesanimageintheirmindthatwithoutaccomplishmenttheyareworthless.F.Theyfacefailuretoo,buttheyunderstandthatfailureorsuccessdoesn'tdefinethem.G.Highself-esteemenablesyoutoaskforhelpandsupportfromthepeoplearoundyouwhenyouneedit.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第44、45题各2分，第46题3分，第47题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成对该问题的回答。SharedServicesNeedMoreImaginationSupposeyouneedtodrillaholeinthewalltohanganitembutdonotownapowerdrill.Youmayregarditasexpensivetobuyapowerdrillandconsiderrentingone.Sharingisthesolution.Thesharingindustryisanemerging.highlyflexibleeconomicnetworkthatallowspeopletoshareresources,eitherfreeorforafee.Theimportantideaofthesharingindustryisthatpeoplemightonlyneedanitemforarelativelyshortperiod.Theprivatepartofsharedserviceshasbeenmovingtowardsthisareasincethebeginningofthe1980s,andthenthepublicparthastakennoteofthebenefitsandcontinuedforbestpractice.TheUnitedStatesandAustraliaamongothershavehadsharedservicesingovernmentsincethelate1990s.Withtheriseofthesharingindustry,thebest-knownsharedbikesandsharedcarshavegotalotofpublicattention.Thiskindoftransportationissoenvironmentally-friendlythatitisincreasinglypopularamongpeopleinmanycities.Ofcoursesharedservicesdon’tneedtobelimitedtomachines.Therealpay-offinsharedservicesprobablyliesinrentingoutsmaller,lessheavyitems.Forexample,intoday’scasualenvironment,youdon’tneedatieunlessyou’regoingtoaweddingorajobinterview.Sosomecompanies,wouldletyoupickupatiewhenyouneededitandonlywhenyouneededit.Anotherexampleisanumbrella-sharingservice.Sincevisitorsdon’twanttobecarryingumbrellasalltheway,itwouldbecheaperandeasiertosimplyborrowanumbrellaononestreetcorneranddropitoffonanother.RecentlyorganizationsthathavecentralizedtheirITfunctionshavebeguntotakeacloselookatthetechnologyservicesthattheirITdepartmentsprovideforcustomers,evaluatingwhereitmakessensetoprovidetechnologycomponents.E-mallandscanning(归描)operationswereobviousearlycandidates.Manyorganizationsarenowofteringtheirdocument-intensiveoperationsisasharedservice,Thereisnodoubtthatpeoplearecallingfortheexpansionofsharedservicestomoreandmoretreas.44.Whatisthesharingindustry?___________________________________________________________45.Whydoessharedtransportationreceiveattentionfrompeople?___________________________________________________________46.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Sharedservicesaregettingincreasinglypopularfortheirconvenience,buttherearestillcallsforexpansiontowiderareasbecausetheyarecurrentlyrestrictedtomachines___________________________________________________________47.Pleaseprovideanotherexampleofsharedservicesandexplainyourreason.(about40words)___________________________________________________________第二节(20分)48.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将举办主题为“创意点亮校园”学生手工作品展。请给你校的交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参观展览。内容包括：1.介绍展览信息(例如：时间、地点、内容等)；2.询问对方意向。注意：1.词数100左右；2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：手工作品handicraftDearJim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案第一部分知识运用(共三节，38分)第一节(共8小题;每小题1分，共8分)一．根据括号内汉语提示，用单词正确形式填空。1.【答案】recognition【详解】考查名词。句意：在感谢委员会授予的荣誉时，屠呦呦说:“这不仅是对我自己的荣誉，也是对中国所有科学家的认可和鼓励。”空处表示“认可”用recognition，不可数名词，与encouragement并列用and连接，作表语。故填recognition。2.【答案】recipes【详解】考查名词。句意：屠呦呦研究了数百种与抗疟疾疗法有关的传统配方。表示“处方；秘诀”用recipe，结合hundredsof可知，名词用复数。故填recipes。3.【答案】struck【详解】考查动词时态。句意：不幸的是，1995年灾难袭击了里夫。表示“突然发生某种不幸；打，击”用strike，结合in1995可知，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填struck。4.【答案】commitment【详解】考查名词。句意：有了新的能量和决心，里夫开始了一项高强度的运动计划，以帮助他实现再次走路的目标。“投入，忠诚，奉献，承诺，热情，决心”为commitment，此处与energy并列作宾语，为不可数名词。故填commitment。5.【答案】visual【详解】考查形容词。句意：他的画是视觉实验，因为他试图与现实游戏。“视觉的，视力的”译为visual，形容词作定语。故填visual。6.【答案】Starry【详解】考查形容词。句意：梵高的杰作之一是《星空》。表示“布满星星的”用starry，形容词作定语，此处表示作品名称，首字母大写，用斜体。故填Starry。7.【答案】composers【详解】考查名词。句意：路德维希·凡·贝多芬被认为是最伟大的作曲家之一。“作曲家”译为composer，oneof后用可数名词复数composers。故填composers。8.【答案】genius【详解】考查名词。句意：毕竟，一个听不见他的管弦乐队的指挥有什么用——即使他是一个音乐天才。表示“天才”用genius，a后面搭配可数名词单数。故填genius。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】9.C10.C11.A12.D13.A14.B15.C16.A17.D18.B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。布列塔尼去麦当劳买饭时忘了带钱包，麦当劳的工作人员怀亚特帮她付了钱并且拒绝她还钱，布列塔尼被他的善举所感动。【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：忙碌了一天，大家都筋疲力尽，布列塔尼决定在回家的路上去麦当劳吃顿饭。A.cook烹饪；B.have有；C.grab吃；D.serve服务。根据“fromtheMcDonald’s”可知，此处是指去麦当劳吃晚饭。grabdinner意为“吃晚饭”。故选C。2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：怀亚特就是那天帮她点单的那个少年。A.place地方；B.word单词；C.order点餐；D.bill账单。根据“workingthere”可知，怀亚特是麦当劳的工作人员，所以此处是指为她点餐。故选C。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，布列塔尼想到了这件事:她把钱包忘在家里了。A.hit突然想到；B.beat击败；C.reminded提醒；D.informed通知。ithitssb意为“某人想起某事”，此处是指列塔尼想到了她把钱包忘在家里了。故选A。4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看着那个年轻人，眼里噙着泪水，只是因为压力和烦恼，说“对不起，取消订单”。A.nervous紧张的；B.grateful感激的；C.scared害怕的；D.stressed有压力的。前文提到她没有带钱包，且and表明此处应填和annoyed相近的词，所以是“压力大的”。故选D。5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个在麦当劳工作的青少年，怀亚特可能挣不了多少钱。A.make赚钱；B.spend花时间或金钱；C.waste浪费；D.collect收集。根据“AsateenagerworkingatMcDonald’s”可知，怀亚特可能挣不了多少钱。故选A。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他坚决地拒绝了布列塔尼要他还钱的所有承诺。A.demands要求；B.promises承诺；C.suggestions建议；D.invitations邀请。根据“returnandpayhimback.”可知，他坚决地拒绝了布列塔尼要他还钱的所有承诺。故选B。7.考查副词词义辨析。句意：怀亚特谦逊地对他的所作所为并没有多想，而布里特妮知道这正是我们的世界现在需要的希望。A.jokingly开玩笑地；B.eagerly热切地；C.humbly谦逊地；D.cautiously谨慎地。根据后文“Thehumbleteenager”（这位谦逊地青年）可知，怀亚特很谦逊。故选C。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让我意识到这正是我们做父母的努力——培养伟大的人。A.raising养育；B.protecting保护；C.remembering记住；D.guiding引导。根据“whatweparentsaretryingtodo”以及“greathumans”可知，此处是指父母培养伟大的人。故选A。9.考查动词辨词义析。句意：这个谦逊的青年鼓舞和鼓励了他们。A.trusted信任；B.instructed指导；C.supported支持；D.inspired鼓舞。根据“encourage”可知，此处应用和encourage词义相近的词语，且这个青年的行为让她很感动，所以是“鼓舞”。故选D。10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只是一个小小的善举，一切都被放大了，想到这样的事情能让你走到这一步，真是太不可思议了。A.will意愿；B.kindness善意；C.honesty诚实；D.courage勇气。根据前文可知，怀亚特不求回报地帮助了布列塔尼，所以是善举。故选B。第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】19.hadworked20.What21.whom【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者在一家百货公司工作时，另一位和作者同名的人也加入进来的趣事。【19题详解】考查时态。句意：我在那里工作了一年之后，另一个Barbara加入了工作。由“whenanotherBarbarajoinedthestaff”可知，当另一个Barbara加入了工作时，“我”已经工作一年了，空格处用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，因此空格处是hadworked。故填hadworked。【20题详解】考查主语从句。句意：让我觉得好笑的是小孩子们怎么谈论我。空格处引导的是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处指“小孩子们怎么谈论我”这件事，因此空格处用what引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填What。【21题详解】考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，来百货公司的人已经习惯了，现在90%的人对我名字的反应是“芭比，你能告诉我吗？”空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词callers是人，因此空格处用whom，故填whom。【答案】22.where23.served24.giving【导语】本文是说明文。根据一些食品专家的说法，放弃伴随你长大的食物是最难的。每个人的舒适食物在很大程度上取决于他们来的地方，一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，给我们“家的味道”，缓解乡愁。【22题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当然，每个人的舒适食物在很大程度上取决于他们来的地方——对中国人来说，可能是一盘饺子和一碟醋，而对英国人来说，可能是经典的炸鱼薯条，热热的、咸咸的、酸酸的被端上来。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰theplace，从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。【23题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，serve用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语theclassicfishandchips是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，故填served。【24题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一口安慰的食物带我们回到我们的文化根源，给我们“家的味道”，缓解乡愁。分析句子可知，give用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语Onemouthfulofcomfortfood是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填giving。【答案】25.physically26.advantages27.bedone28.toexercise【导语】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了锻炼能使我们的身体健康，帮助提升生活质量。【25题详解】考查副词。句意：积极锻炼身体有很多好处。空处修饰形容词active，用副词作状语。故填physically。【26题详解】考查名词。句意同上。many后为可数名词复数，此处作宾语，用advantage的复数形式advantages。故填advantages。【27题详解】考查被动语态。句意：实际上，锻炼可以用简单的方法来完成。can为情态动词，其后用动词原形，主语exercise与do构成被动关系，用含有情态动词的被动语态。故填bedone。【28题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总的来说，在我们忙碌的生活中很难找到时间锻炼，但每一点都有帮助。分析句子可知，空处修饰time为定语，此处表示“……的时间”用动词不定式作后置定语。故填toexercise。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分)【答案】29.B30.C31.C【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了冰岛之旅五天的具体行程。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Furthermore,theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars(火星).(此外，这些独特的环境吸引了空间科学界把冰岛作为其前往火星任务的试验地点之一。)”可知，太空爱好者对这次冰岛之旅最感兴趣。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据DAY3部分中“Todayyoubeginyourjourneytowardsthe2020NASAtestsite,wheretheNASASAND_EMarsRoverisbeingtested.(今天，你将开始前往2020年NASA测试地点的旅程，在那里NASASANDE火星探测器正在接受测试。)”及DAY4部分中“In2019,IcelandSpaceAgencyhostedtheISAGEVR1ExpeditiontoGrimsvötnVolcanoontopoftheVatnajökullGlacier(冰川)tofieldtesttheMS1MarsAnalogSpacesuitdesignedbytheNASA/Johnsonspacecentre.(2019年，冰岛航天局主办了队前往Vatnajökull冰川上方的Grimsvötn火山的ISAGEVR1探险，实地测试由美国宇航局/约翰逊航天中心设计的MS1火星模拟航天服。)”可知，第3天和第4天有体验有关火星的机会。故选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Furthermore,theseuniqueenvironmentshaveattractedthespace-sciencecommunitytouseIcelandasoneofitstestsitesformissionstravellingtoMars(火星).(此外，这些独特的环境吸引了空间科学界把冰岛作为其前往火星任务的试验地点之一。)”可知，文章主要讲述的是能体验航天科学的冰岛之旅，所以C项“我们想帮助您通过旅行的乐趣发现空间科学。”能最好地宣传这次旅行。故选C项。【答案】32.A33.D34.B35.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者住了28年的房子被大火摧毁，住在外面的酒店。偶然捡到2枚镍币，后来作者发现每当她精神一落千丈时就会出现镍币的故事。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Onthatnight,wehadtoleaveourhouseandsleepinthebackseatofourFord.(那天晚上，我们不得不离开家，睡在福特的后座上。)”可知，野火过后，他们是在车上过了一夜。故选A。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第七段中“WheneverIreachedmybreakingpoint,I’dfindanothernickel.(每当我达到临界点时，我就会发现另一个镍。)和“ThenIfoundonenexttomyplateatarestaurant—onThanksgiving,noless,whenIwasmissingourhousemorethanever”（感恩节那天，我在一家餐馆的盘子旁边发现了一个，我比以往任何时候都更想念我们的房子。）”推断可知，每次有低落情绪（通过想家情节推出）时，就会出现镍币。划线单词plummeted大意为心情低落，心凉。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Ifthesewereluckycoins,IcouldusealltheluckIcouldget.(如果这些是幸运币，我可以用我能得到的所有运气。)”以及下文作者收到房产中介电话要带她去看房子，可以看出作者捡到硬币对作者来说是困难时期的希望。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章中作者总是在她心情低落时捡到镍币可以推测，接下来作者可能在车道上，户外阳光下看到了2枚镍币，这和第四段“Inoticedsomethingupahead—apairofnickels,shininglikepreciousjewels.(我注意到前方有东西——一对镍币，像珍贵的珠宝一样闪闪发光。)”第一次发现镍币的情节前后呼应。故选A。【答案】36.B37.C38.B【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了关于海底陆地测量的方法——深度测量法及实际运用。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Whileprevioustechnologyhasonlybeenabletoproducetwo-dimensionalimages,bathymetrycannowusecomputers,satellite-positioningequipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurateandremarkablydetailedmaps.(虽然以前的技术只能产生二维图像，但测深学现在可以使用计算机、卫星定位设备和特殊软件来绘制精确而非常详细的地图。)”可知，水深测量技术使用许多不同的设备来工作。故选B。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“TheideasharedbymanypeopleinBritainoftheircountryasanaturalislandkingdomwillbechallengedbythefindings:Britainhasbeeninhabitedforabout500,000yearsandmuchofthistimeithasbeenlinkedonandofftocontine