2019外研社版高中英语必修三Unit 5 What an adventure!知识清单(学生版)

阅读单词认读oxygenn.portn.alcoholn.rubbern.cottonn.cottonwoolsubmarinen.chaptern.helmetn.nutn.vibrationn.atomn.重点单词识记adv.因此,从而n.地区,地带n.国界,边界v.证实,证明n.努力,尝试n.绷带n.指导方针,指导原则n.布n.液体,液态物n.伤,损害v.延伸,绵延n.主管,负责n.船长adv.在前面n.光线,光束adv.逐渐地,逐步地n.岸,滨n.地毯adj.宽的,阔的prep.在……之下,在……正下方n.居民,住户n.雄性动物核心词汇拓展__________adj.开始的,最初的→__________adv.最初__________n.人群→__________adj.拥挤的__________n.失败→__________v.失败__________n.心理学家→__________n.心理学;心理;心理影响→__________adj.心理(学)的__________n.惊险,刺激v.使兴奋→__________adj.非常兴奋的→__________adj.令人激动的→__________n.惊险小说__________adj.未觉察到的,未意识到的→__________adj.意识到的;明白的→__________n.意识__________n.羊毛,毛织物→__________(＝__________)adj.羊毛的__________n.流血,失血→__________v.流血→__________n.血__________n.仆人;职员;公务员→__________v.提供(食物),端上(饭菜);服务→__________n.服务__________v.允许,准许,许可n.许可证→__________n.允许,许可__________adj.被迷住的,被吸引住的→__________v.深深吸引;迷住→__________adj.有吸引力的,迷人的__________v.相联系,有关联;讲述→__________adj.有关的__________v.使吃惊,使惊讶→__________adj.惊讶的→__________adj.令人惊讶的→__________n.吃惊,惊讶__________v.消耗→__________n.消费;消耗→__________n.消费者__________v.看清;认出;区别,辨别→__________adj.高贵的;卓越的,杰出的__________v.环绕,围绕→__________adj.周围的→__________n.环境__________adj.有皱褶的→__________n.皱纹v.起皱纹__________n.(光、声等的)强度→__________eadj.强烈的,激烈的__________n.深,深度→__________adj.深的adv.在深处→__________v.加深;(使)变深核心短语速记使……成为焦点在大白天succeedindoing赚钱figureout导致referto...as...代表cushionn.垫子vt.缓冲customsn.海关;关税databasen.资料库,数据库deadlinen.最后期限,截止日期decaden.十年declinevt.&vi.婉拒;衰落;减弱decreasevi.减少dictationn.听写deliberatelyadv.故意地VascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.(the＋序数词＋名词＋todo)瓦斯科·达·伽马(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探险家,也是第一位从海上到达印度的欧洲人。ChristopherColumbus(1451－1506)wasanItalianexplorerwhocompletedjourneysbetweenSpainandtheAmericas,thusmarkingthebeginningofEuropeanexplorationoftheAmericas.(现在分词短语作结果状语)克里斯托弗·哥伦布(1451－1506)是一位意大利探险家,他完成了从西班牙到美洲的航行,从而标志着欧洲人在美洲探险的开始。Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.(suggestthat＋从句)研究还表明,我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。CaptainNemowalkedinfront,oneofhismenfollowingsomestepsbehind.(独立主格结构)尼摩船长走在前面,他的一个手下在后面几步处跟着。Abovemewasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.(完全倒装)头顶上是平静的海面。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。crowd,fascinate,unaware,permission,charge,attemptOurcaptain,whowasin1.__________ofthewholesubmarine,lookedcharmingandwasdistinguished.Heoftengotupaheadoftime,andnoonecouldgooutwithouthis2.__________.Tomyastonishment,thesubmarinewasoftensurroundedby3.__________offish.Weusuallydivedtothedepths,wherewewere4.__________bythebeautifulscenery.Sometimes,weweresothrilledthatwewouldbe5.__________ofthedanger,whichmightbringussomeinjury.Oneday,whenwemadean6.__________togoclosetotheshore,wefoundthatthebeachwaslikeablanket,wrappingthesea.Howamazing!Turningtoourcaptain,wesawasmilespreadacrosshiswrinkledface.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇confirmv.证实,证明(confirmationn.确认;证实;证明)confirmsth/that.../wh-...证实;进一步确定……confirmsbinsth/confirmsbthat...使某人确信某事Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已经确定……Theexpressiononhisfaceconfirmedme__________mysuspicions.Manyplanetsareknowntoexistbeyondoursolarsystem,buttherehasbeenno__________(confirm)ofamoonontheoutside.已经证实所有伤者都被及时送往医院了。alltheinjuredweresenttothehospitalintime.crowdn.人群vt.拥挤,塞满;涌上心头(crowdedadj.拥挤的)acrowdof/crowdsof一大群;很多crowdinto涌入crowdout将……挤出;拥挤becrowdedwith挤满……DuringThanksgivingshopping,the__________pouredin,makingtheshopvery__________.(crowd)OntheNationalDay,thestreetsarecrowded__________alargenumberofpeople.回忆涌上心头,她哭了起来。(读后续写之回忆)Withthememories,sheburstintotears.attemptn.&v.企图;试图;尝试;努力(attemptedadj.未遂的)makeanattempttodo/atdoing...尝试做……inanattempttodosth试图做某事atthefirstattempt第一次尝试attempttodo/(at)doing...尝试/试图做……Policesaythey’retreatingitasacaseof__________(attempt)murder.ItwasreallyathrillthatIpassedmydrivingtest__________thefirstattempt.我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路,但是白费力气。backhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptv.)backhomeinthedarkness,butinvain.(attemptn.)chargev.收费;控告;充电n.费用;控告;主管,掌管;充电量chargesbwith(doing)sth＝accusesbof(doing)sth指控某人犯……罪chargesbmoneyforsth因某事/物收某人钱freeofcharge＝forfree免费takechargeof掌管(表动作)inchargeof掌管(表状态)inthechargeof被……掌管;由……负责Howmuchdidhechargeyou__________repairingthispairofshoes?Themandressedinredwascharged__________crossingtheborderillegally.作为学生会主席,我被委派负责安排你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。(话题写作之活动安排)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(takechargeof)AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtoduringyourstayinTianjin.(inchargeof)上周,我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。(应用文写作之议论文)Lastweek,wehadaheateddebateabout.astonishvt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊[astonishedadj.感到惊讶的(指人的主观感受)astonishingadj.令人惊讶的astonishmentn.惊讶]beastonishedat/bysth因某事感到惊讶beastonishedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶inastonishment吃惊地toone’sastonishment让某人惊讶的是Thephotographerwas__________atthe__________gquestioninhisownmind.(astonish)双胞胎非常吃惊地发现他们第一次尝试做早餐失败了。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ,读后续写)Thetwinsthattheirfirstattempttocookabreakfastfailed.thattheirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonish,主语从句),theirfatherdidn’tgetangrybutlentahelpinghandtothem.(astonishment)看到那个场景,我们惊讶地张大了嘴。(读后续写之心理描写)Seeingthescene,ourmouthsdroppedopen.distinguishv.辨别;看清,认出(distinguishedadj.卓越的;有尊严的)distinguishbetween...and...区分/辨别……和……distinguish...from...使……有别于……;把……与……区分开distinguishoneself使自己扬名bedistinguishedfor因……而出名bedistinguishedas作为……而出名Thewomandistinguished__________awriter__________herlatestsciencefictionagreedthatreadinggoodbookscanteachustodistinguish__________rightandwrong.WearefascinatedbyLangPingwhohasalreadydistinguished__________(she)asagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.这场音乐会真的值得看,因为许多杰出的音乐家将在音乐会上表演。Theconcertisreallyworthwatchingbecausewillperformintheconcert.figureout弄明白;计算出;想出(figuren.身材,体形;数字;人物;图案;轮廓;人影vt.认为,认定;计算)figurethat...认为……;认定……keepone’sfigure保持体形Theyfigured__________itwasbettertostaywheretheywere.只有通过均衡饮食和经常锻炼,你才能既保持体形又保持健康。(应用文写作之建议信)Onlybymeansofbalanceddietsandregularexerciseaswellasstayhealthy.我不明白为什么我要贡献我的劳动所得。(2021·浙江6月,读后续写)whyIshouldcontributemyearnings.the＋序数词＋n.＋todoVascodaGama(1460－1524)wasaPortugueseexplorerandthefirstEuropeantoreachIndiabysea.瓦斯科·达·伽马(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探险家,也是第一位从海上到达印度的欧洲人。当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有theonly,thelast,thebest等时,常用动词不定式作后置定语。在time,way,chance,opportunity,ability,promise,attempt等名词后,常用不定式作后置定语,表示将要发生的动作。Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattempts__________(contact)youfailed.约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ,读后续写)JohnwastohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.Hewasconvincedthathe.我能说一口流利的英语,而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。(应用文写作之申请信)IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamforfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIamthejob.自从她搬到北京以来,她就一直在找房子住。sinceshemovedtoBeijing.用法点拨：如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,后面必须有必要的介词。(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.对语言数据库的分析也证实,在新石器时代之后,世界语言的语音发生了全球性的变化,“f”和“v”的使用在过去几千年里显著增加。(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet—storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld’soxygen.热带雨林就是地球的肺——储存了大量的二氧化碳,并产生了世界上大部分氧气。(2020·浙江7月)Sometimeafter10,000BCE,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.公元前1万年之后的某一段时间,人们第一次真正试图通过农业来控制他们生活的世界。(2020·新高考全国Ⅱ)Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.虽然他承认工程项目可能会因为那些想出或设计它们的人犯了错误而失败,但在这本书中,彼得罗斯基博士拓宽了他的视野,考虑了此类失败发生的更广泛的背景。(2019·天津)Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.战争中受的伤使他的左手不能正常使用,而且他经常被关进监狱。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍figureA.数字B.身影C.身材D.人物HenryMoore,asculptor,isregardedasoneofthemostfamousfiguresintheworld.Shereportedthelatesttradefigurestohermanager.Everywomanwantsaslimfigurenowadays.Aswewereapproaching,wesawadimfigure,whichturnedouttobeUnclePaul,wholivedinaquietneighbourhood.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。I’msurethatChinesepeopleconsumethelargestamountofriceintheworld.Heroseandstretchedhimself.Thegirlgreeteduswithabroadsmile,herlonghairflowinginthebreeze.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Ithasbeenconfirmedthattheman__________(charge)withstealingthecarwastakentothepolice.Tohisgreatjoy,hesucceededingettingthejobhehadbeendreamingabout__________hisfirstattempt.He__________(confirm)ascaptainfortherestoftheseason,makingtheteammembersinspired.It__________(astonish)usthathewasstimulatedtogetridofthebadhabitofstayinguplate.Unaware__________whatwashappeningaroundhim,theoldmandidn’tknowwhattosay.Havingbeensponsoredbyacompany,hisdream__________(go)tocollegecametrueatlast.Sheis__________(distinguish)asapsychologist,whooffersfrequenthelptothoseteenagersintrouble.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionwasbrought__________focusafterhispassionatespeech.Couldyoutellmewhatthelettersstand__________inthepopularTVplaywhichisbeingbroadcast？Thegirl’sfatherdidn’tpermither__________(take)partintheactivitiesintheneighbourhood.单句写作——应用文增分练(话题写作之课外辅导班)许多父母试图花很多钱在孩子们的课外课程上,如钢琴、计算机科学、外语等等。(attempttodo)孩子们整个周末都用来上课外课程,这使得他们无法尽情玩乐。(分词作结果状语)这表明父母已经意识到教育的重要性。(suggest＋从句)然而,我认为没有什么比孩子们的身心健康更重要的了。(figure)微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]心理描写fascinatedadj.被迷住的,被吸引住的astonishv.使吃惊,使惊讶→astonishmentn.惊讶thrilln.惊险,刺激unawareadj.未觉察到的,未意识到的动作描写confirmv.证实,证明consumev.消耗distinguishv.看清;认出bleedingn.流血,失血injuryn.伤,损害→injurevt.伤害;使受伤→injuredadj.受伤的permitv.允许,准许,许可surroundv.环绕,围绕attemptn.努力,尝试failuren.失败crowdn.人群v.涌上心头;拥挤人物描写chargen.主管,负责captainn.船长wrinkledadj.有皱褶的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。被周围的美景迷住,Tin没有意识到即将到来的危险。一个醉酒的司机把他撞倒,使他受了重伤。他的腿碰破(split)流血了。一群人开始围住他看发生了什么事,他们惊讶地张大了嘴注视着。就在那时,Mary学过的急救方法涌入了她的脑海,她用绷带包扎伤口去止血。她及时的帮助对Tin的幸存起到了重大的作用。这一事件使Mary坚定了将来成为医生的决心。,Tin.Adrunkdriverknockedhimdown,.Hislegssplitandbled.Acrowdofpeoplestartedtosurroundhimtoseewhatwashappening.,open-mouthed.Itwasthenthatthefirst-aidknowledgeMarylearned.She.HertimelyhelpTin’ssurvival.TheincidentconfirmedMaryinherdecisiontobecomeadoctorinthefuture.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分,共20分)Themeetingroomisquite__________with__________ofpeople__________intoit.(crowd)Thoughtheartshow__________toattractasmanyvisitorsaswehadexpected,itwasfarfrombeinga__________;actually,itwasagreatsuccess.(fail)Helikesseeing__________andtelling__________storiesbecauseheenjoysthefeelingofbeing__________.(thrill)Health__________hasincreasedoverthepastdecade.Forexample,smokersare__________ofthedangersofsmokingtotheirownhealth.(aware)Thetwo__________