Unit+4+Discovering+Useful+Structures+导学案 高一英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

今日之事今日毕日积月累成大器M3U4SpaceExplorationGrammarMotto:Mysterycreateswonderandwonderisthebasisofman'sdesiretounderstand.神秘创造奇迹，奇迹是人类求知欲的基础。Teachingaims：1.Guidestudentstoreviewthebasicusagesof“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.2.LeadstudentstolearntousesomespecialcasesconcerningtheP“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.3.Enablestudentstousethebasicphrasesstructuresflexibly.4.Strengthenstudents’greatinterestingrammarlearning.Teachingdifficulties：1.Helpstudentstoappreciatethefunctionof“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.2.Instructstudentstowriteessaysusingtheproper“theinfinitive”usedastheadverbialandattributive.三.Teachingprocedures:Step1Leadin---PairworkLookatthefollowingsentencesandfocusontheitalicizedinfinitives.Inpairs,discusstheirfunctions.Itrainedforalongtimetoflyairplanesasafighterpilot..(作目的状语)Asweallknow,anastronautneedstobehealthyandcalminordertoworkinspace..(作目的状语)Firstofall,youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree..(作目的状语)Somescientistweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdreamtoexplorespace..(作定语)Summary:不定式的结构：to+do原形。分析上面的句子，我们知道在描述太空探索时，动词不定式不仅可以用来表目的，还可以用来作定语，表修饰。Step2动词不定式用作定语1.动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语,表示尚未发生的动作。Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat.2.名词前有first,last,next,only等词以及最高级修饰时,其后要用动词不定式。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.3.抽象名词attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代词something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。ButJanisAdkinshastheabilityanddesiretodousefulwork.4.当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetingstoattend.5.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.6.当名词与定语有同位关系时。Wegottheordertoleavethecity.Step3Practice(1)Theairport______________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

(2)Doyouhaveanything(do)tonight?

(3)Thebestway__________(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.

Step4动词不定式作状语动词不定式在句中作状语,主要用来修饰动词和形容词,也可用来修饰副词。在句中,不定式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语等,可表示目的、原因及结果等。1.目的状语,置于句首或句末,置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语气,常与inorder或soas组成短语。Inordertohelphim,wewoulddoeverythingwecan.不定式作目的状语(1)不定式作目的状语时,其动作通常迟于谓语动词的动作。Isaidthattoencouragehim.(2)置于句首时只用todo/inordertodo。如用于表示否定,inorder或soas不能省略,用inordernottodo或soasnottodo形式。Iwalkedquietlysoasnottodisturbthebaby.(3)不定式作目的状语可转换为sothat/inorderthat或so...that...引导的目的状语从句。Heworkedveryhardtopasstheexam.→Heworkedsohardthathecouldpasstheexam.→Heworkedhardsothat/inorderthathecouldpasstheexam.2.原因状语,多见于“sb.+be+adj.+todo...”结构句中。Iwasverysadtohearthenews.3.结果状语,多见于“too...to”;“enoughto...”;onlytodo(表示意料之外的结果的发生);so/such...asto(意为“如此……以至于……”)结构句中。I’mtootiredtodowell.4.独立动词不定式多用作插入语,表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法。I’dliketostayhealthy,buttobehonest,Ionlyeatfoodthattastesgood.Step5Practice(1)Hehurriedtothestationonly______(find)thetrainhadleft. (2)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)WetravelonDay2tonorthernFrance______(visit)theWorldWarⅠbattlefields.

(3)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad______(find)themalive.

四．Consolidation（日清:学生当天的作业教师认真检查）LevelA:选出不定式作目的状语的句子①Wemustdoeverythingwecantohelpthem.②Heleft，nevertoreturn.③Todoagoodjob，wemusthavetherighttools.④Wejumpedwithjoytohearthenews.⑤Shewastooyoungtounderstandallthat.⑥Shestudiedveryhardtogethighgrades.⑦Manyfarmersfertilizetheircropsinordertomakethemgrowmorequickly.①，①，③，⑥，⑦，⑧答案LevelB:Task1一句多译我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。①We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.②We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.③We’llholdameeting_____________________theunhealthylifestyle.④________________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.⑤________________theunhealthylifestyle，we’llholdameeting.Task2同义句转换①WestayedinBeijingsothat/inorderthatwecouldvisittheBird’sNest.→WestayedinBeijing_____________________________theBird’sNest.②Wewilldoeverythinginorderthat/so