comparison and contrast对比 英文写作

Comparison

and

Contrast•2021/3/7•1Lecture

Focus•2021/3/7•2Definitions

of

Comparison

and

ContrastBasic

FeaturesSelect

your

topicsSet

your

purposeOrganize

your

ideasDevelop

cohesion

&

styleSteps

to

Writing:BrainstormingDraftingRevisingSuggested

Activities/HomeworkWhat

You

Should

KnowComparison-contrast

is

a

common

method

of

developmentthat

involves

focusing

on

similarities

and

differences--more

likely

on

one

or

the

other---in

order

to

make

a

point.When

a

writer

is

comparing,

he

is

pointing

out

the

similthat

exist

between

subjects

or

items

(such

as

persons,

thiideas).When

a

writer

is

contrasting,

he

is

pointing

out

the

difbetween

subjects

or

items,

even

the

two

different

aspectsthe

same

subject

(e.g.,

the

advantages

vs.

the

disadvantaa

personal

computer).•2021/3/7•3Select

your

topicsActivity

:

Examine

the

following

groups

of

topics.

Plpick

out

the

groups

that

you

think

are

appropriate

fordiscussing

similarities

and

differences,

and

explain

whyou

think

they

are

appropriate

for

comparison/contrast.buying

a

car

vs.

leasing

a

caroranges

and

bananasShakespeareand

Lu

Xuna

musician

and

an

architectmale

and

female

attitudes

about

marriage•2021/3/7•4•2021/3/7•5ActivityBroad

CategoriesNarrowed-down

Topicstwo

bookstwo

authorstwo

TV

programstwo

restaurantstwo

athletes•2021/3/7•6Set

Your

Purpose

Informative

comparisons:

to

explaindifferences

between

subjects.

Thistype

of

writing

generally

does

notrecommend

one

item

as

being

betterthan

the

others.Persuasive

comparisons:topersuadereaders

that

one

subjectissuperiorto

others.•2021/3/7•7Organize

your

ideassubject-by-subjectpoint-by-point•2021/3/7•8Subject-by-subject

organizationSubject

A:Point

1Point

2Point

3Point

4Point

1Point

2Point

3Point

4Subject

B:Example•Professor

Yang:classroominstruction•homework•exam•grading••Professor

Wu:classroom

instruction•homework•20e21/x3/a7

m•9Point-by-point

organizationPoint

1:Subject

ASubject

BSubject

ASubject

BSubject

ASubject

BSubject

ASubject

BPoint

2:Point

3:Point

4:2021/3/7•10ExampleClassroom

instruction•Professor

YangProfessor

Wu•

HomeworkYangProfessor•Professor

Wu•

ExamProfessor

Yang•Professor

Wu•GradingProfessorYang•2021/3/7•11•2021/3/7•12Steps

to

Writing•2021/3/7•13Activity

1:

Group

DiscussionPlease

work

with

your

fellow

students

to

findout

everything

that

you

know

about

KFC

andMcDonald’s.You

may

use

the

following

chart

to

help

you

fiout

the

useful

information.Step

1:

Brainstorming•2021/3/7•14KFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironment•2021/3/7•15Other

suggested

topicsDalian

Department

Store

vs.

MACAL

(VictoryPlaza)Hymall

vs.

Walmart

(or

Carrefour)Two

big

hotels

you’ve

worked

forActivity

2:

Discuss

with

your

classmates

on

thechart

above.

Choose

the

ideas

that

seem

to

pair

off.Eliminate

those

that

don’t

pair

off

well

and

seemirrelevant

to

our

comparison.

You

may

develop

abetter-organized

chart

this

time.KFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironment2021/3/7•16Step

2:

Drafting1.

Developing

a

Topic

SentenceActivity

1:

Please

write

atopicsentencefor

aparawhich

contrasts

KFC

and

McDonald’s.Activity

2:

Look

at

your

topic

sentence

once

again.

Dgeneralize

the

central

idea

in

your

writing?

Is

it

a

pview,

rather

than

a

simple

and

plain

fact?

Is

your

topsentence

sharp

and

clearly

focused?

Revise

your

topicsentence.202_1/3_/7

.•17•2021/3/7•182.

Organizing

your

paragraphActivity

1:

Please

choose

a

developingpattern

to

organize

your

ideas.

Work

out

youroutline

in

the

following

blanks.Subject

by

Subject

PatternT.S.:

Subject1:

Sub-topic

1:Sub-topic

2:Sub-topic3:

…

…Subject

2:

Sub-topic

1:Sub-topic

2:Sub-topic

3:…

…•2021/3/7•19Point

by

Point

PatternT.S.:

Point1:

Subject

a:Subject

b:Point2:

Subject

a:Subject

b:Point3:

Subjecta:

Subjectb:

…2021/3/…7•20Develop

cohesion

&

styleActivity

:Do

you

know

other

transitional

words

orexpressions

for

comparison

and

contrast?

Makealist

of

them.2021/3/7•21Short

ConjunctionsLonger

ExpressionsSimilarly,Likewise,...the

same......the

same

as......also...

...,

too.bothIn

the

same

way,X

is

similar

to

Y

in

that

(they)..X

and

Y

are

similar

in

that

(they)Like

X,

Y

[verb]...In

like

manner,One

way

in

which

X

is

similar

to

Yis

(that)...Similarities:2021/3/7•22Another

way

in

which

X

is

similarDifferences:Short

ConjunctionsSubordinatingConjunctionsHowever,On

the

other

hand,even

though

+

[sentence]although

+

[sentence]whe