英语不规则动词过去式及其用法

不规则动词过去式和过去分词原型，过去式，和过去分词完全不同drink---drank drunkringrang rungswimswamswumsingsangsungsink sank sunkblowblewblowngrowgrew grownknow---knew---knownfly flew flowntake took takenshake shook shakendrive drove drivenwrite---wrote---writtenrise---rose---risenride rode riddenspeak spoke spokensteal stole stolenbreak broke brokenwake woke wokenfreeze froze frozenforget forgot forgottenchoose chose chosendraw drew drawneat ate eatenfall fell fallengive gave givenhide hid hiddensee saw seendo did done过去式与过去分词完全相同bright brought broughtthink thought thoughtfight fought foughtbuy bought boughtcatch caught caughtsell sold soldtell told toldsay said saidpay paid paidsend sent sentlend lent lentspend spent spentburn burnt burntlearn learnt learntmean meant meantfeel felt feltsmell smelt smeltsleep slept sleptsweep---slept sleptleave left leftbuildbuiltbuiltloselostlostget gotgotmeet metmetsit sat satshoot shot shotlead led ledspit spat spathavehad hadholdheld heldmakemademadestandstood---stoodhear heard heardfind found founddig dug dugshine shone shoneunderstand understood understoodwin won won原型与过去分词相同come came comerun ran runbecome became become原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同cast cast castcut cut cutput put putlet let letset set sethit hit hitshut shut shuthang hung hung吊，挂lie---lied---lied说谎lie---lay---lain躺下，位于，平放hanged hanged处绞刑lay---laid---laid置放。动词 过去式be(am\is) wasare werecome camego wentdo(does) didfly flewdraw drewmake madesingsanghave(has) hadeat atedrink drankput putlet letread readcancouldseesawmeetmetgetforgettakegotforgottookcancouldmayshallmightshouldwillknowwouldknewbeginbendbeganbentbuildspendbuiltspentmeanlearnmeantlearntlearnedbuythinkboughtthoughtteachcatchtaughtcaughtsleepsleptsweepkeepspeakridesweptkeptspokerodefeelleavefeltleftgivegaverunranringsitrangsatswimswamsaystandtellsaidstoodtoldthrowthrewwinwonwritewrote不规则动词的过去式的构成1•把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如：begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如：drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote3.改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew,变成过去式。如：draw一drew,grow一grew,know一knew,throw一threw〔动词show除外，show一showed〕4•动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如：get—got，forget—forgot5•动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如：feed—fed,meet—met6•动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如：break—broke,speak—spoke8•动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如：sell—sold,tell—told9•动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如：stand—stood,understand—understood以ought和aught结尾，且读音是[:t]的过去式。如：bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught以ould结尾且读音为[ud]的情态动词过去式。如：can—could,shall—should,will—would12•把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。如：come—came,become—became13•在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：hear[hi]—heard[h:d],say[sei]—said[sed],mean[mi:n]—meant[ment]动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read[red]不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have／has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。如：cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread特殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如：come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如：把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如：lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent改变单词中间元音字母。如：sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept。如：keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如：buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught有的以ay结尾的动词，在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如：say-said-said,lay-laid-laid,pay-paid-paid另有一些其它形式的变化。如:have-had-had,learn-learnt-learnt,leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost,make-made-made,meet-met-met,feel-felt-felt四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如：五、 以字母ow或aw结尾的动词，在变成过去式时，通常把元音字母变成e，在变成过去分词时，通常只在词尾加n。如：blow-blew-blown,draw-drew-drawn,grow-grew-grown,throw-threw-thrown,know-knew-known六、 有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如：rise-rose-risen,give-gave-given,take-took-taken,fall-fell-fallen,drive-drove-driven,eat-ate-eaten特殊：write-wrote-written,speak-spoke-spoken,ride-rode-ridden,get-got-gotten雅思、托福、高考、SAT考试英语不规则动词强化速成〔一〕原形、过去式、过去分词同形(13个〕。putfputfput,hit—hit—hit,let—let—let,cost—cost—cost,spread—spread—spread.broadcast—broadcast—broadcastshut—shut—shutupset—upset—upsetcast—cast—castread—read—readcut—cut—cuthurt—hurt—hurtset—set—sete.g.Ihavereadthisbooktwicebefore.这本书我已经读过两遍了。•Thebookhitmeonthehead.书打中了我的脑袋。•Iputtheappleinthecorner.我把苹果放在墙角。〔二〕原形动词+同形的过去式、过去分词〔61个〕。如winfwonfwon,bindfboundfboundbleedfbledfbledbringfbroughtfbroughtbuyfboughtfboughtcatchfcaughtfcaughtdealfdealtfdealtdigfdugfdug,dreamfdreamtfdreamtfdreamedfdreamedfeedffedffedfindffoundffound,feelffeltffelt,getfgotfgot,hangfhungfhung(悬挂〕,fhangedfhangedholdfheldfheld,leapfleaptfleapt,fleapedfleapedlearnflearntflearnt,flearnedflearnedlendflentflent,lightflitflit,flightedflightedloseflostflost,layflaidflaid,leavefleftfleft,keepfkeptfkeptgetfgotfgot〔ten〕,meanfmeantfmeantmeetfmetfmet,overhearfoverheardfoverheardpanicfpanickedfpanicked使恐慌；使惊慌payfpaidfpaidrewindfrewoundfrewoundsitfsatfsat,standfstoodfstood,sayfsaidfsaid,tellftoldftold,makefmadefmade,hearfheardfheard,sellfsoldfsold.shinefshoneshinedfshinedshonesleepfsleptfslept.45.smell—smelt—smelt.46. —smelled—smelled47.spellbind—spellbound—spellbound.48.spend—spent—spent49.spillspilt—spilt使溢出,使散落,洒,使流出,使摔下,倒出50.spit—spat—spat吐出,发射,发出,喷吐51.spoil—spoilt—spoilt损坏,搞糟,宠坏,溺爱;扰乱52.stick—stuck—stuck53.sweep—swept—swept54.teach—taught—taught55.tell—told—told56.think—thought—thought57.understand—understood—understood58.wake—woke—woke59.—waked—waked60.—woken61.win—won—wonIstoodupandturned.我站起来，转过身。Itwasawareofhavingbeenfound,thenitranaway.它觉察至U自己被发现了，于是逃跑了。Isatquietlystaringattheapple.我静静地坐在那里盯着苹果。Ifelthappyatbeingpraisedbyparents.被父母夸奖我感到很高兴。〔三〕原形与过去分词同形〔4个〕。如come—came—come，become—became—become，run—ran—run.Itwasawareofhavingbeenfound, thenitranaway.它觉察至U自己被发现了，于是逃跑了。〔四〕原形、过去式、过去分词三种各不同形。〔50个〕arise—arose—arisen—arisingbe(is,am，are〕—was〔was，were〕—been，bear—bore—born—bearingarise—arose—arisen—arisingbegin—began—begunbid—bad—bidden—bid—bidblow—blew—blownbreak—broke—brokenchoose—chose—chosendo—did—done，draw—drew—drawndrink—drank—drunkdrive—drove—driveneat—ate—eatenfall—fell—fallenfly—flew—flownforbid—forbade—forbidden—forbad—forbiddenforget—forgot—forgot〔ten〕foresee—foresaw—foreseenfreeze—froze—frozengive—gave—givengo—went—gonegrow—grew—grownhide—hid—hiddnknow—knew—knownlie—lay—lainknow—knew—knownmistake—mistook—mistakenride—rode—riddenring—rang—rung，rise—rose—risensee—saw—seen，sew—sewed—sewn/sewedshake—shook—shaken，show—showed—shown/showedshrink—shrank/shrunk—shrunksing—sang—sung，sink—sank/sunk—sunk/sunkensow—sowed—sown/sowedspeak—spoke—spokenswell—swelled—swollenswim—swam—swumtake—took—takentear—tore—tornthrow—threw—thrown，undertake—undertook—undertakenwear—wore—worn，write—wrote—written，Iwasreadingabookandeatinganapple.我正在吃着苹果读书。Abookfelloffthebookshelf.一本书从书架上掉了下来。Isawalittleratonthetopoftheshelf.我看见书架顶上有一只小老鼠。Itookabottleofliquidmedicinetokilltherat.我拿了一瓶灭鼠药水。Theratdiedbeforeitateuptheapple.老鼠还没吃完苹果就死掉了。Igotangrywiththisrat.我生了这只老鼠的气。〔五〕原形与过去式同形、过去分词不同形。〔1个〕beat—beat—beaten—beating（六）动词后写最后一个字母双写再加ing 〔50个〕以重读闭音节结尾的单词需要双写最后一个字母，再加ing重读闭音节三要素：1.必须是重读音节；2.最后只有一个辅音字母;...如果一个动词以“重读闭音节”结尾,则其现在分词/动名词的构成通常是“双写词尾的那个辅音字母，然后加ing”重读闭音节。...let—letting让hit—hitting打、撞cut—cutting切、割get—getting取、得到sit—sitting坐chat-chattingtap-tappingmop-moppingnod-noddingrid过去式:rid,ridded过去分词:rid,ridded现在分词:riddingshut-shuttingforget—forgetting忘记put—putting放set—setting设置babysit—babysitting临时受雇照顾婴shop—shopping购物trip—tripping绊stop—stopping停止drop—dropping放弃travel—travel(l)ing旅游swim—swimming游泳run—running跑步dig—digging挖、掘begin—beginning开始permit--permittingprefer—preferring宁愿plan—pl