二战后的诗歌公开课一等奖课件省课获奖课件

ThePost-WarPeriod第1页HistoricalBackground–multi-facetedColdWarMcCarthyism(persecutionofcommunists)KoreanWar,VietnamWarCivilRightsMovementCounter-cultureMovement–political,economicalandmilitaryachievement第2页ItisnothardtofindhistoricalcausesforthisdisassociatedsensibilityintheUnitedStates.WorldWarIIitself,theriseofanonymityandconsumerisminamassurbansociety,theprotestmovementsofthe1960s,thedecade-longVietnamconflict,theColdWar,environmentalthreats--thecatalogofshockstoAmericancultureislongandvaried.第3页ThechangethathasmosttransformedAmericansociety,however,hasbeentheriseofthemassmediaandmassculture.Firstradio,thenmovies,andnowanall-powerful,ubiquitoustelevisionpresencehavechangedAmericanlifeatitsroots.Fromaprivate,literate,eliteculturebasedonthebook,theeye,andreading,theUnitedStateshasbecomeamediacultureattunedtothevoiceontheradio,themusicofcompactdiscsandcassettes,film,andtheimagesonthetelevisionscreen.第4页Americanpoetryhasbeendirectlyinfluencedbymassmediaandelectronictechnology.Films,videotapes,andtaperecordingsofpoetryreadingsandinterviewswithpoetshavebecomeavailable,andnewinexpensivephotographicmethodsofprintinghaveencouragedyoungpoetstoself-publishandyoungeditorstobeginliterarymagazines--ofwhichtherearenowwellover2,000..第5页Fromthelate1950stothepresent,Americanshavebeenincreasinglyawarethattechnology,sousefulinitself,presentsdangersthroughthewrongkindsofstrikingimages.ToAmericansseekingalternatives,poetryseemsmorerelevantthanbefore:Itofferspeopleawaytoexpresssubjectivelifeandarticulatetheimpactoftechnologyandmasssocietyontheindividual第6页postmodernism312第7页PoetryAhostofstyles,someregional,someassociatedwithfamousschoolsorpoets,vieforattention;contemporaryAmericanpoetryisdecentralized,richlyvaried,andimpossibletosummarize.Forthesakeofdiscussion,however,itcanbearrangedalongaspectrum,producingthreeoverlappingcamps--thetraditionalononeend,theidiosyncraticinthemiddle,andtheexperimentalontheotherend.Traditionalpoetshavemaintainedorrevitalizedpoetictraditions.Idiosyncraticpoetshaveusedbothtraditionalandinnovativetechniquesincreatinguniquevoices.Experimentalpoetshavecourtednewculturalstyles.第8页

FeaturesSomepoetsfoundinspirationinthepast.Poetrybecamemoreattunedtopoliticalandsocialissuesoftheperiod.PoetsbecamemorevisibleinAmericanpubliclife.Therewasnoprescribedformforpoetry.Poetsbecamemorepolitical.Themessuchashomosexuality,racism,etc.areincludedinthepoems.In1960s,poetrybecamemoreandmorepolitical.第9页SchoolsofPoetry(time,representatives,majorfeatures)ConfessionalPoets:RobertLowellItisanautobiographicalmodeofversethatrevealsthepoet’spersonalproblemswithunusualfrankness..第10页ThetermisusuallyappliedtocertainpoetsoftheUnitedstatesfromthelate1950stothelate1960s,notablyRobertLowell.Theterm’sdistinctivesensedependsonthecandidexaminationofwhatwereatthetimeofwritingvirtuallyunmentionablekindsofprivatedistress.Thegenuinestrengthsofconfessionalpoets,combinedwiththepityevokedbytheirhighsuiciderate,encouragedinthereadingpublicaromanticconfusionbetweenpoeticexcellenceandinnertorment.第11页BlackMountainPoets:CharlesOlsonThereisanemphasisontheimportanceofthemomentsofawareness.Itportraysaworldof“awakened,contemplativeawareness”,oneinwhichcivilizationappearsalien,cold,andalmostunreal.第12页TheBlackMountainSchoolcenteredaroundBlackMountainCollegeanexperimentalliberalartscollegeinAsheville,NorthCarolina第13页BeatGeneration:AlienGinsbergInthefifties,therewasawidespreaddiscontentmentamongthepost-wargeneration,whosevoicewasoneofprotestagainstallthemainstreamcultureAmericahadcometorepresent.第14页TheSanFrancisoSchoolblendsintothenextgrouping--the"Beat"poets,whoemergedinthe1950s.MostoftheimportantBeats(beatniks)migratedtoSanFranciscofromtheEastCoast,gainingtheirinitialnationalrecognitioninCalifornia.Beatpoetryisoral,repetitive,andimmenselyeffectiveinreadings,largelybecauseitdevelopedoutofpoetryreadingsinundergroundclubs.第15页Beatpoetrywasthemostanti-establishmentformofliteratureintheUnitedStates,butbeneathitsshockingwordsliesaloveofcountry.ThepoetryisacryofpainandrageatwhatthepoetsseeasthelossofAmerica'sinnocenceandthetragicwasteofitshumanandmaterialresources.第16页AllenGinsberg'sHowl

Isawthebestmindsofmygenerationdestroyedbymadness,starvinghystericalnaked,draggingthemselvesthroughthenegrostreetsatdawnlookingforanangryfix,angelheadedhipstersburningfortheancientheavenlyconnectiontothestarrydynamointhemachineryofnight...第17页TheNewYorkSchoolUnliketheBeatandSanFrancisopoets,thepoetsoftheNewYorkSchoolarenotinterestedinovertlymoralquestions,and,ingeneral,theysteerclearofpoliticalissues.Theyhavethebestformaleducationsofanygroup.第18页ThemajorfiguresoftheNewYorkSchool--JohnAshbery,FrankO'Hara,andKennethKoch--metwhiletheywereundergraduatesatHarvardUniversity.Theyarequintessentiallyurban,cool,nonreligious,wittywithapoignant,pastelsophistication.Theirpoemsarefastmoving,fullofurbandetail,incongruity,andanalmostpalpablesenseofsuspendedbelief.第19页NewYorkCityisthefineartscenterofAmericaandthebirthplaceofAbstractExpressionism,amajorinspirationofthispoetry.Mostofthepoetsworkedasartreviewersormuseumcurators,orcollaboratedwithpainters.Perhapsbecauseoftheirfeelingforabstractart,whichdistrustsfigurativeshapesandobviousmeanings,theirworkisoftendifficulttocomprehend.第20页Section2Fiction

GeneralFeaturesmatteroffactfrank,amazinglydetailedaboutwarexperienceslackingsocialconsciousness第21页OverviewPost-warRealism:Cheever,OatesBlackNovel:RichardWlight,RalphEllison,JamesBaldwin,Malcolm,LeroiJonesJewishNovel:SaulBellow第22页Post-WarRealismFeaturesNaturalisticdepictionhasbecomeexplicit:old-fashionedrealismiscombinedwithmodernism.Whilefollowingtherealisticandnaturalistictradition,thesewritersborrowedvariousexperimentalformsandtechniquesinprobingtheinnerworldindetail.Ithasbeenasearchforawaytoconnectanoppressedresponsetosocietyandhistoryandanawarenessofindividualloneliness.第23页J.D.SalingerLife

Americannovelistandshortstorywriter.Salingerpublishedonenovelandseveralshortstorycollectionsbetween1948-59.Hisbes