人教版八年级上册英语知识点总结4124

八年级上册重要知识点Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation？1.一般过去时（动词过去式规则变化）2.enough作形容词，足够的，修饰名词时，置于名词前；作副词，足够，放在形容词、副词后。如：Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.3.else作形容词，修饰疑问代词和不定代词后置如：whatelse,whoelse,omethingelse4.复合不定代词的用法5.【延伸】oneof+theofthemostfamousamost+adj6.反身代词①Didyoubuyanythingforyourself?（做介词宾语）②Theoldmantaught（做动词宾语）③Thecowasitself了原状（做表语）④Imyselfvisitedmyauntlastweekend.most+adj+n复数，表示“最„之一”如：HeisonewritersinChina.+n非常如：Hangzhouisamostbeautifulcity.himselfEnglish.again.又恢复（做同位语）7.8.anothertwohours=twomorehours9.感叹句①How+形容词+主语+谓语!②Whata/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语!10.sothat引导目的状语从句，以便，为了（inorderto）如：theygotupearlysothattheycouldcatchthebus.so+adj+that+结果状语从句，“如此„„以致„„”如：IwassobusythatIdidn’tgotosleepfor3days.so+adj+（a/an+n单数）that如：ItisoimportantameetingthatIcan’tmissit.such+a/an+adj+n单数+that如：ItisuchanimportantmeetingthatIcan’tmissit.such+adj+n复数/不可数+that

Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise？1.how如何（方式）howlong多长（时间）答语常用“For+时间段”howfar多远（距离）答语常用“It’s+数词+miles/meters/kilometers”howoften多久一次（频率）答语常用或“次数howsoon多快，多久以后，常用在将来时中howmany多名词）howmuch（2.exercise作v锻炼，运动作[c]n.操，练习domorning/eye“Always/often/everyday/…”+时间”等表频率的状语。答语常用“in+时间段”少（接可数接不可数名词）exercises作[uc]锻炼takemuch/moreexercise3.4.5.die动词，消失，死亡；名词形式death，形容词形式dead。dyingadj垂死的，快死的die是非延续性动词，dieout灭绝，消失如：Thewild不能与表示一段时间的状语连用animalsareindangerofdyingout.6.7.8.by介词+n/v-ing/代词byoneself独自地bytheway顺便问/说一下bychance/偶然地bymistake错误地learnbyheart记住Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthan1.makesbdosth让某人做某事makesb/sth+adjmakemehappymakesb+n.Wemadehimmonitor.通过„方式accidentmysister.makesb+过去分词Shespokealoudtomakehershealfrd.makeit约定时间，做成某事Let’smakeitat10:00.Don’t2.3.形容词、副词等级的用法⑴原级的用法①只能修饰原级的词：very，quiet，so，too，rather。②as…as…和……一样（中间用原级）否定形式：notas/so…as…和……不一样如：Thisroomisnotso/asbigasthatone.⑵比较级的用法①可以修饰比较级的词：much，alot，far，alittle，abit，even，still，pretty。eg：I’mmuch/alittle/alot/abit/farmoreoutgoingthanmysister.I’mevenworsenow.②…than…比eg：I’mtallerthanyou.③选择疑问句中，二选一时eg：Whodoyouthinkismoreoutgoing，LilyorLucy？④用比较级表示最高级的意思eg：Heistallerthanyotherstudentinhisclass.=Heisthetalleststudentinhisclass.⑤“比较级+and+比较级”表示“变得越来越…”（多音节或部分双音节用moreandmore+原级）eg:Itgetswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.You’regettingmoreandmorebeautiful.⑥“the+eg:Themoreyouexercise,⑦比较级中出现ofthetwo/结构时，比较级前要+the，也不可用thaneg：Tomisthetallerofthetwobrothers.比较级…，the+比较级…”表示“越…，就越…”thestrongeryouwillbe.twins⑧为避免重复，在than后常用one，that，those，及所有格等来替代前面提到过的名词。eg：TheweatherinHarbinismuchcolderthanthatinWuhan.MybikeisnewerthanTom’s.ThestudentsofClassOnestudyharderthanthoseofClassTwo.⑨不能与人或事物自身相比较eg：Heistallerthanyotherstudentinhisclass.ChinaislargerthanycountryinAfrica.⑩比…大/多/长/宽几倍，用“主语+be+…times+比较级+than+比较对象”eg:Ourclassroomistwicelargerthanyours.重几斤，高几公分，大几岁„„，用“主语+be+数量词+比较级+than+比较对象”eg:I’msixyearsolderthanyou.⑶最高级的用法①用于三者或三者以上的比较eg：Whichdoyoulikebest,Chinese,MathorEnglish前一定要加the，③有范围（in，of，among或从句等）修饰的用最高级eg:Winteristhecoldsestasonoftheyear.④“oneofthe+形容词最高级+n.复数eg：LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.+最高级+n.单数+范围”表示“在…范围内…是第几”eg：HainanisthesecondlargestislandinChina.？②形容词最高级副词最高级前可省略the”表示“最…之一”⑤“the+序数词⑥形容词和副词最高级的其它表达方式

Unit4What’sthebestmovietheater？n.天资，才能talentedhaveatalentfor(doing)1.talentadj.有天赋的(→untalented)sth.对（做）某事有天赋betalentedin在某方面有天分2.thinkof认为，考虑，想起thinkup想出thinkabout思考，考虑thinkover仔细考虑相同特征；（想3.have…incommon有法、兴趣等方面）相同eg.Thetwogameshavemuchincommon.4.beuptosb由某人决定makeup编造take……seriously认真对待……5.6.英语中not与everybody，all，everyone，everything，both等词连用时，都表示部分否定，意为“并不都……”eg.Noteverybodylikessports.并非每人都喜欢运动。表示全部否定，要用none，nothing，noone，可怜的，差的如：Hehasapoormemory.beinapoorhealth8.voice嗓音（说话声、歌声、笑声、鸟鸣声）inalowvoice小声地noise杂音sound5Doyouwanttowatch1.---Wouldyoumind(one’s)doingsth?你介意---Iamsorry,butIdo./Notatall./Certainot.c/aOunfslyoet.不要紧，没关系。mind（doing）sth介意做某事makeupone’smind下决心changone’smind改变主意keepinone’smind记住忍受，容忍做某事2.standstand(sb)doingsth无法忍受某人3.plantodosth/plaonsth计划做某事planforsth为…计划makeaplanneither等。7.poor贫穷的，任何可以听到的声音Unitagameshow？（某人）做某事吗?Nevermind.can’tfor为…制定计划4.5.happen发生，出现，是不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，且主语多是表示事物的名词或代词。sthhappen+地点/时间，某事/某地发生某事eg：ThestoryhappeiAnedmerica.sthhappentosb/sth某人eg：Acaraccidenthappenedtohim./物发生某事sbhappentodo/ithappensthat…碰巧发生某事eg：Ihappentomedetafriendinthestreet.注】happen一般用来强调某事发生的偶然性。若表示事先安排或有准备的事情或活动发生，要用takeplace。eg：OurweddingwilltakeplaceinMay.6.meanv.意味着（三单为means）7.meansn.方法、工具、手段bymeansofmeantodosth打算做某事meandoingsth意味着eg：Toraisewagemeansincreasingpurchasingpower.赠加工资意味着增加购买力.、含义themeaningofadj.毫无意义的meaningful有意义的8.be/getreadytodosth愿意getready8.successn.成功succeedmeaningn.意义meaningless/准备做某事for为„做准备v.成功succeedin(doing)sth成功地做某事successfuladj.成功的besuccessfulin(doing)sth成功地做某事successfullyadv.成功地9.wear表状态puton表动作，接sb/oneselfgetdresse穿衣dressup盛装打扮tryon试穿（动副结构）tryiton(be)in+颜色或衣服eg：Thegirlinaredcoatismysister.，接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等，接服装（→takeoff）dress表动作Unit6Iamgoingtostudy1.keep+形容词keep+sb/sth+形容词keepdoingsth不断地做某事keepondoingsth坚持做某事keepsbdoingkeepsbfromdoingsth=computerscience.，表示保持某种状态，表示使某人或某物保持某种状态sth使某人持续做某事stop/preventsb(from)doingsth阻止某人做

某事2.medicine[UC]takmedicine吃药pill[C]药丸Medicaladj.医学的medicallyadv.3.日期、月份、年份等前面有next、last、this等词语时，要省略前面的介词on、in4.sendsthto把„寄往sendsthtosb=sendsbsthsendsbtodo派人去做sendfor派人去请sendup发射sendout分发sendoff寄出5.beabletodo能够做某事ableadj.能够(→disability)abilityn.能力6.havetodowith关于，与…有关havenothingtodowith与…无关7.takeup培养，学着做，占用（时间、空间）

Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?1.Doyouknow+陈述语序回答时，针对从句部分回答—Doyouknowtherewillbeafootballmatchthisafternoon?—Yes,therewill./No,there2.in+时间段是指以现在时间为起点的动词要用一般将来时态。won’t"在一段时间以后"，句中的谓语若表示将来某一刻之后，要用after而不能用in。如：shewillfinish6o’clock.pollution[UC]污theworkafter3.pollutev.污染染white/air/water/noisepollutedadj.被污染的pollutedwater4.hundred,million(百万),billion表示不确切的数目时，在词尾加s,且和of连用，数百万，数十亿。前有数词或several,some等修饰词时则不加s,也不跟介词of连用，直接跟名词。5.inthefuture在将来believein信任某人的为人，信仰overandover反复，再三pollutionthousand,表示数百，数千，当这些词againwakeup醒来，叫醒old活到200岁falldown倒塌livetobe100yearsUnit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?1.①不可数名词没有复数形式，不可以与定冠词a/an连用，但是可用“数字acupoftea，+量词+of”修饰apieceofpaper/news/chalk，abottleofmilk②不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数；如果前面有复数名词短语修饰，谓语动词用复数。SomemilkisinthebottlThea.reretwobottlesofmilkonthetable.③对不可数名词提问用howmuch；前面有表示数量的名词短语修饰时，提问用howmany。Howmuchsugardoweneed?Howmanycupsofteaarethereonthetable?2.有的名词，既可以做可数名词又可以做不可数名词room房间→空间chicken小鸡→鸡肉orange橙子→橙汁work作品，著作→工作exercise练习，操→运动，锻炼time次数，倍数→时间fish鱼，鱼类→鱼肉（fish鱼，单复数同形，onefish一条鱼，twofish两条鱼；twofishes两种鱼）3.cutup切碎=cut…intopiecescutsthintwo/half将某物切成两

半cutout删减cutdown砍倒4.put…in/into…把…里puton穿上灭putdown放下putup举起，搭建putaway把…放进，上演putout熄„收起来放好putoffdoing推迟5.First…Next…Then…Finally首先……接下来……然后…….最后……6.needtodosth.需要做某事needdoing=needtobedone需要被needn’t=don’thaveto不必要7.halfa/an…一半的…halfacup半杯Halof+名词做主语Eg：Halofthebooksarenovels.Halofhismoneywasstolen.sthservesthtosb把某物提供给某人，招待某人某，谓语动词取决于后面的名词9.servesb(with)物

Unit9Canyoucometomyparty？1.邀请：Can/Couldyou……?Wouldyoulike/loveto„„?Shallwe„„?Willyouplease„„?接受：Sure/Certainly/Withpleasure/Ofcourse/I’dloveto/Thatsoundgreat/Thankyouforinvitingme.拒绝：Sorry,Ican’t.But„„/I’mafraidnot./I’dloveto,but„„raidIcan’t.人做主语意为，能够出席的2.available“有空的”；物做主语意为“有，可获得的”3.What’sWhat’sthedatoeday?今天几月几号？Whatdayisittoday?/Sorry,I’maf效的，有用的today?今天几号，星期几？It’sMondaythe14.th今天星期几？4.hearfromsb收到某人的来信=get/receivealetterfromsb.hearof=heabrout听说5.replyinwriting书面回复replytosth/sb.对…..作出