湖南省株洲市天元区名校2022-2023学年高一上学期12月月考英语试卷（含答案）

第第页湖南省株洲市天元区名校2022-2023学年高一上学期12月月考英语试卷（含答案）湖南省株洲市天元区名校2022-2023学年高一上学期12月月考英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

InternationalSummerProgram:SpidermanatHoytsCinemaCarousel

JoinusforanafternoonofsuperheroesasyouwatchSpider-Man:NoWayHomeatHoyts,andcatchupwithotherCurtininternationalstudentsalsostayinginPerthoverthesummerbreak.

Schedule

●1pm:StudentsarriveatHoyts,signinandpurchaseanyfoodordrinkthattheywouldlike.

●1:30pm:Thefilmbegins！

●4pm:Thefilmconcludes,andstudentsleavethecinema.

AsCurtinhaspaidpartofthecostofthefilm,thereducedstudentticketis10.Ifyouwouldlikeanyfoodordrink,pleasebringadditionalmoneytopurchaseit.

ThisactivityisonlyavailabletointernationalstudentswhohaveappliedforacourseatCurtinUniversitynow.

Placesarelimitedsobookyourspotnow！PleaseuseyourCurtinstudentemailtoregisterfortheevent.

ImportantInformation

●Bysigningupforthisactivity,youdeclarethatyouareaCurtininternationalstudentovertheageof18andhavereadtheinformationabove.Youalsoagreeto：

※Declareallyourmedicaloraccessibilityrequirementsthatorganizersmustbeawareofandinformtheorganizersifyouhaveanyillnessesorinjuriesontheday.

※BehaveaccordingtotheCurtinStudentCharter（章程）andacceptthatgoingagainsttheChartermayresultinyourremovalfromtheactivity.

●Ifyou'reunder18,pleasecall92663954forfurtherinformationonhowtoproceed.

1、Whoistheactivitytargetedat？

A.InternationalstudentsinPerth.

B.StudentsdesiringtoattendCurtinUniversity.

C.Studentslovingsuperheromovies.

D.CurrentCurtininternationalstudents.

2、Whichofthefollowingmightresultindisqualification？

A.Beingundertheageof18.

B.FailingtofollowtheCharter.

C.Bringingfoodanddrinkprivately.

D.RegisteringwithCurtinemailaddresses.

3、Whatisthetext？

A.Afilmreview.B.Anadmissionnotice.

C.Atheatreprogramme.D.Anactivityannouncement.

Spaceisdangerous.Buthumaninnovationhasallowedpeopletoexplorethisdeadlyenvironmentfordecades.Withintheprotectionofaspacestation,astronautshaveenoughair,foodandwatertocompletemissionsofayearorlonger.Butmissionstofurtherreachesofspaceareadifferentmatter.EstablishingabaseonthemoonorsendinghumanstoMarsseemsjustonthehorizon.Thatcanonlyhappenifinnovativeandsafewaysaredeveloped.

Onecompany,InterstellarLabs,believestheyhavecreatedasystemthatcansolvethefoodproblem.Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.Infact,InterstellarLabsclaimsthatBioPodsreducetheamountoflandandwaterneededtoproducefoodby99percent.Thatisnotanimpossibleclaim.BioPodsdon’tuseanysoiltogrowplants,andthevastmajorityofwaterisrecycled.

PlantsaregrowninsideBioPodsusingaeroponics,thepracticeofhangingplantsintheairandsprayingamistofnutrient-richwaterontheirroots.AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPod-grownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater.

TheconditionsinsideofaBioPodarecontrolledbyAI,whichcanchangeanythingfromthelightingtothetemperatureandhumidity.Thisimprovesgrowingconditionsnomatterwhattheenvironmentis,includingtheemptinessofspace.

TheBioPodscanbebuiltinalmostanyenvironment.Thepod’sstructureismadewitha3Dprinterusingrawmaterialsinliquidform.ThismeansthataBioPodcouldbebuiltrightonthesurfaceofthemoonorMars,makingtransportingalargestructureunnecessary.

4、Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“onthehorizon”inparagraph1

A.Strange.B.Doubtful.C.EasyD.Approaching.

5、WhatcanwelearnaboutaBioPod

A.Itisthenameofacompany.B.Itisamoderngreenhouse.

C.Ithasbeenwidelyusedinspace.D.It’s3D-printedwithsolidmaterials.

6、WhatisanadvantageofBioPod-grownplants

A.Theymakethemostofsoil.B.Theydon’tneedanynutrients.

C.Theyareofhigherproduction.D.Theyaren’tstrictaboutconditions.

7、Whatisthetextmainlyabout

A.TheapplicationofAIinagriculture.

B.Human’seffortsinspaceexploration.

C.Themethodsofimprovingfoodoutput.

D.Growingfoodinspacepodstofeedastronauts.

Ifyou’vespentanyamountoftimeboating,fishing,orbird-watchingatlakesandrivers,youhavemostlikelyseenfishesjumpingoutofthewater.Ihaveseenitmanytimes.Certainly,fisheswillexitwaterindesperateattemptstoescapeenemies.Dolphinstakeadvantageofthebehavior,formingacircleandcatchingthefrightenedfishesinmidair.Butjustaswemayrunfastfromfunorfromfear,differentemotionsmightmotivatefishestojump.

Mobularays（蝠鲼）aren’tmotivatedbyfearwhentheythrowtheirimpressivebodies—uptoaseventeen-footwingspan(thedistancefromtheendofonewingtotheendoftheother)andatoninweight—skywardinleap（跳跃）ofuptotenfeet.Theydoitinschools（鱼群）ofhundreds.Theyusuallylandontheirbellies,butsometimestheylandontheirbacks.Somescientiststhinkitmightbeawayofremovingparasites（寄生虫）.ButIthinkthattheraysareenjoyingthemselves.

IntheclearwatersofFlorida’sChassahowitzkaNationalWildlifeRefuge,Iwatchedseveralschoolsoffiftyormoremullets（鲻鱼）movinginbeautifulformation.Theirwell-builtbodiesweremostevidentwhentheyleapedfromthewater.MostofthetimeIsawoneortwoleapsbyafish,butonemadeaseriesofseven.Theyusuallylandontheirsides.Eachjumpwasaboutafootclearofthewaterandtwotothreefeetinlength.

Nobodyknowsforsurewhythefishleaps.Oneideaisthattheydoittotakeinoxygen.Theideaissupportedbythefactthatmulletsleapmorewhenthewaterislowerinoxygen,butischallengedbythelikelihoodthatjumpingcostsmoreenergythanisgainedbybreathingair.Itishardtoimaginetheywillfeelanyfresherwhenbackinwater.

MightthesefishesalsobeleapingforfunThereissomenewevidence.GordonM.Burghardtrecentlypublishedaccountsofadozentypesoffishesleapingrepeatedly,sometimesoverfloatingobjects—sticks,plants,sunningturtle—fornoclearreasonotherthanentertainment.

8、WhatcanwesayaboutthedolphinsinParagraph1

A.Theyhavegreatescapingskills.B.Theyareeasilyfrightened.

C.Theyareveryclever.D.Theylovejumping.

9、Whatdotherayandthemullethaveincommonwhenjumping

A.Bothdoitingroups.B.Bothlandontheirbellies.

C.Bothjumpmanyfeetoutofwater.D.Bothmakeleapsoneaftertheother.

10、HowdoestheauthorfeelabouttheideamentionedinParagraph4

A.Itisvaluable.B.Itisinteresting.

C.Itisimaginative.D.Itisquestionable.

11、Whichmaybethereasonforfishleapsaccordingtotheauthor

A.Toremoveparasites.B.Toamusethemselves.

C.Totakeinmoreoxygen.D.Toexpresspositiveemotions.

RevealedtotheworldbythefamousBritishexplorer,DrDavidLivingstone,in1855,theVictoriaFallsareoneofAfrica’sbest-knownnaturalwonders.TheyformanaturalborderbetweenZimbabwe(津巴布韦)andZambia(赞比亚).

ThefallsarenamedafterQueenVictoriabyLivingstone.Theywereknowntothenativepeopleinthe18thcenturyas:"thesmokethatthunders".Thewaterfallisformedasthetwo-kilometer-wideZambeziRiverspills(溅)overtheedgeofitsgiantstoneriverbedandfallsintothegorge(山谷)below.Attheirhighestpoint,theVictoriaFallsdropadistanceof108m,almosttwiceasfarastheNiagaraFalls.Asmuchas546millioncubicmetersofwaterperminutefallsovertheedgefromthatheight.

ViewingthefallsfromtheZambiansidemeansthatvisitorscanfollowapaththatgoesrightuptothefalls.ThefallscanalsobeviewedfromtheBoilingPot,rightinthedepthsofthegorgeatthebottomofthefalls.The111-meter-highVictoriaFallsBridge,arailwaycrossing,isnowapopularplaceforBungeejumping.Itcanbecrossedonfootforexcellentviewsofthefallsandthewindingblue-greenwatersoftheZambeziRiver.Itisalsopossibletoseethefallsfromaplane.

Theareaaroundthefallsisamajorgame-viewingplace.ThebesttimetoviewtheVictoriaFallsisbetweenDecemberandJuly,whenthewaterlevelisthehighest.ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404E-mail:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:www..

12、Theauthorofthepassageislikelytobe______.

A.agovernmentofficerB.atouristguide

C.atravelerD.ateacher

13、Accordingtothepassage,weknowthattheVictoriaFalls________.

A.arethebestplacetoenjoyBungeejumping

B.droptwiceasfarastheNiagaraFalls

C.areaman-madewonderinAfrica

D.werediscoveredbyaBritishman

14、Howmanywaysdidtheauthormentiontoviewthefalls

A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.

15、Thepurposeofthepassageisto______.

A.introduceafamousnaturalwonder—theVictoriaFalls

B.tellusthediscoveryoftheVictoriaFalls

C.showhowtheVictoriaFallsareformed

D.advisetravelerstocometotheVictoriaFalls

二、七选五

16、Literatureisthebodyofwrittenworksproducedbyscholarsandresearchers,whospecializeinagivenfield.WhyisliteratureimportantLet’ssee.

Literaryworksaredescriptionsofthethinkingpatternsandsocialcriteria.They’readescriptionofthedifferentaspectsofcommonpeople’slife.①________Theyalsoencourageimaginationandcreativity.Exposingoneselftogoodliteraryworksislikeprovidingonewiththefinesteducationalopportunities.Ontheotherhand,thelackofexposuretogoodliteratureisequaltodepriving(剥夺)oneoftheopportunitytogrow.

Someofthegreatliteraryworksprovidesocietywiththeguidingprinciplesoflife.WorksbypoetslikeHomer,Plato,Sappho,Horaceandmanymorearetimeless.②________TheLordoftheRings,TheGodfather,ATaleofTwoCities,andJamesBondseriesaresomeofthebest-sellingbooksofalltimethathaveentertainedseveralgenerations.

Therearealsogreatworksinchildren’sliterature.Amusedbythestonestheytell,kidsassociatethemselveswiththesebooks’charactersandidealizesomeofthem.Moralstoriesareanaidforparentsandteacherstoletthekidslearnimportantlessonsinlife.Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwainaresomeofthemostwidelypopularchildren’sauthors.③________

True,languagesarethebuildingblocksofliterature.Butthestudyofliteraturecannotberestrictedtoonlystudyinglanguages.④________Adegreeinlanguageandliteratureperhapscan’tprovideonewitheverythingliteraturecanoffer.Itsscope(范围)issodeepandwidethatevenalifetimemaynotbeenoughtoreallystudyliterature.

⑤________Greatliteraryandpoeticworkshelpapersontakeacloserlookatthedifferentaspectsofliving.Inmanyways,literature,initsdifferentforms,canchangeone’sattitudetowardsliving.

A.Literaturehelpsunderstandlife.

B.Literaturehasaneffectonhealthandwealth.

C.Theyhaveenrichedthechildhoodsofsomany.

D.Classicalliteraryworksserveasfoodforthought.

E.Infact,literaturecan’tbelimitedtoaneducationalcourse.

F.Theyhavealwaysamusedtheirreadersandwillcontinueto.

G.Instead,literaturelaysthefoundationofawealthylife,adding“life”to“living”

三、完形填空（15空）

Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeoutandsupermarketshelveswere1,DanielandNancydecidedtheynolongerwantedto2othersforfood.Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.4,theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.

Danielsaid,“Itissomethingthatwehavewantedtodo.Whenthedisease5,itgaveusthatextra6.Atthattimewewereboth7,andthatgaveusevenmoremotivationtoseeifwecould8ourselves.”Thepairbuiltahouseforchickensandducksandstudiedonlineaboutwheretheywouldgetallthethingstheyneeded.Danieladds,“Wehadtolearnsomanynewthingslikehowtogrowmushroomsand9saltfromtheocean.”

“Nowafterfivemonths,theybothfeelwellbutDaniel10thefirstfewweeksweredifficultastheirbodiesadjustedto11coffee,wineandsugarallonthesameday,”hesays.“Afterthreeweeksourdesiresforthem12andnowwefeelgreat.”NowFebruaryhascometoa(n)13.Astheysurvivewinter,theyfeel14aboutcontinuingwiththiswayofliving,withtheirchallenge15endinginAugust.

17、A.dustyB.firmC.emptyD.full

18、A.lookforB.comeacrossC.fallbehindD.relyon

19、A.challengeB.charityC.constructionD.research

20、A.NeverthelessB.InsteadC.ThereforeD.Besides

21、A.wentB.droppedC.failedD.hit

22、A.burdenB.pushC.debtD.excuse

23、A.unemployedB.unconcernedC.occupiedD.confused

24、A.guaranteeB.protectC.feedD.control

25、A.supplyB.saveC.inventD.harvest

26、A.arguesB.admitsC.doubtsD.denies

27、A.quittingB.demandingC.changingD.consuming

28、A.returnedB.reducedC.existedD.doubled

29、A.headB.stopC.endD.point

30、A.positiveB.hesitantC.regretfulD.bored

31、A.rarelyB.instantlyC.merelyD.officially

四、短文填空

32、ClimateChangeRequiresTheWorld’sAttention

ThereislittledoubtthatEarth①_______(get)warmerandwarmer.In2023,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearwhichappearedtohavestarvedanddied.This②_______(alarm)caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpact③_______Earth’secology.

Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocess④_______(call)the“greenhouseeffect”,⑤_______hastwocommonmeanings.Withoutthe“natural”greenhouseeffect,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,the“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblembecausemoreheatenergy⑥_______(trap)intheatmosphere,causingEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.

Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherand⑦_______(nature)disastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwill⑧_______(probable)continueandtherewillbeahigherprice⑨_______(pay).

Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”.Itisour⑩_______(responsible)toseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts.

五、书面表达

33、假定你是李华，现在正在英国留学。为鼓励学生加强体育锻炼，你们学校将于近期举办一次远足活动，你对此很感兴趣。请你用英语给相关负责人写一封邮件，询问有关情况。内容包括：

1.活动的具体时间；

2.对体质(fitness)的要求；

3.关于住宿(accommodation)的问题。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写

34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Thee-mailrequestcameintoEkibenrestaurantlateonaThursdayafternooninMarch.BrandonJones,themanwhosentthee-maildidn'tactuallywantthefoodhimelf.Hewaswritingonbehalfofhismother-in-law,Shirley,wholovedthebroccoli（西兰花）dishwithfreshherbsandcucumbervinegar.HewentontoexplainthatshewasnowinthefinalstageoflungcanceratherhomeinVermontandthathewashopingtogettherecipe（烹饪法）tomakeitforherthere.SteveChu,oneoftherestaurant'sco-owners,readthee-mailandquicklyreplied,"Thanksforreachingout,"hewrote."We'dliketomeetyouinVermontandmakeitfreshforyou."

Brandonwasshocked."Iemailedback,saying,'YoudoknowthatthisisVermontwe'retalkingabout,right'"saysBrandon."ButChuresponded,'Noproblem.Youtellusthedate,timeandlocationandwe'llbethere."

Forthepastsixyears,everytimeShirleyvisitedBaltimore,thefirstplaceshewantedtogowasEkibensoshecouldorderthatdish."Shelovesthatbroccoli,andIreallywantedhertohaveitonemoretime,"Brandonsays.

"Shehadalwaystoldus,'WhenI'monmydeathbed,Iwanttohavethatbroccoli,'"recallsBrandon'swife,RinaJones.ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingBrandon'se-mail,ChuloadedhistruckwithahotplateandacoolerandthenheadedforVermontwithhisbusinesspartner,EphremAbebe,andanemployee.TheystayedovernightinatentanddrovethenextdaytothesmalltownwhereShirleylived.

AssoonasChuandhisteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygottowork.Theypulleddownthegateofthepickup,fixedthehotplateonthetruck'spowerport,andstartedcookinganddeep-frying.Inadditiontobroccoli,theymadetofuwithpeanutsauceandfreshherbsandsomesteamedrice.Afterneatlyboxingeverythingup,theyknockedontheircustomer'sdoor.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。

"Goaheadandanswer,"Rinatoldhermother.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

TheJonesesinvitedChuandhisteamtojointhemfordinner.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案

1、答案：D

解析：A项"珀斯的国际学生"；B项"想要进人科廷大学的学生"；C项"喜欢超级英雄电影的学生"；D项"科廷大学的在读国际学生"。故选D。

2、答案：B

解析：理解具体信息题。根据ImportantInformation部分中的"goingagainsttheChartermayresultinyourremovalfromtheactivity"可知，违反科廷大学学生章程的行为可能导致你被取消活动资格，故选B。

3、答案：D

解析：理解文章类型题。根据文章内容，尤其是文章标题及第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项面向在科廷大学就读的国际学生的暑期活动，应该是一则活动公告。

4、答案：D

解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句"Thatcanonlyhappenifinovativeandsafewaysaredeveloped."(只有开发出创新和安全的方法，才能做到这一点。)提到了在月球上建立基地或者送人类到火星上的成功的条件，说明现在的这种条件还没实现，因而可推测，划线词所在句的含义为"在月球上建立基地或者送人类到火星上(的成功的条件)正在接近实现"，approaching“正在临近的”，符合题意，故选D。

5、答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient."(他们已经开发出一种先进的系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中。他们把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的温室称为"BioPods"，而且设计得非常高效。)可知，BioPods是新研发的一种先进的温室系统。故选B。

6、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPod-grownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater."(根据星际实验室的数据，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物多产300倍，只需要少量的水。)可知，利用先进的温室BioPod种植的作物产量高。故选C。

7、答案：D

解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中"Spaceisdangerous.Buthumaninnovationhasallowedpeopletoexplorethisdeadlyenvironmentfordecades.Withintheprotectionofaspacestation,astronautshaveenoughair,foodandwatertocompletemissionsofayearorlonger."(太空很危险。但是人类的创新已经让人们探索这个致命的环境几十年了。在空间站的保护下，宇航员有足够的空气、食物和水来完成一年或更长时间的任务。)提到了人类在探索太空中，空间站可以为宇航员的生存提供根本的保障。第二段中"Onecompany,InterstellarLabs,believestheyhavecreatedasystemthatcansolvethefoodproblem.Theyhavedevelopedanadvancedsystemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.Theycalltheirartificialintelligence(AI)managedgreenhousesBioPods,andtheyaredesignedtobeveryefficient.Infact,InterstellarLabsclaimsthatBioPodsreducetheamountoflandandwaterneededtoproducefoodby99percent."(一家名为星际实验室的公司相信他们已经创建了一个系统来解决食物问题。他们已经开发出一种先进的系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中。他们把自己的人工智能(AI)管理的温室称为“BioPods”，而且设计得非常高效。事实上，星际实验室声称BioPods可以将生产食物所需的土地和水资源减少99%。)讲述了一家名为星际实验室的公司研发了一个先进的温室系统BioPods，这个系统的优越性是可以将生产食物所需的土地和水资源减少99%);第三段中"AccordingtoInterstellarLabs,BioPod-grownplantsareupto300timesmoreproductivethantraditionallygrownplants,usingonlyasmallamountofwater."(根据星际实验室的数据，BioPod种植的植物比传统种植的植物多产300倍，只需要少量的水。)可知，利用先进的温室BioPod种植的作物产量高。和下文对BioPod的优越性的说明，本文主要讲述了利用先进的温室BioPod，可以给宇航员提供生存用的食物。故选D。

8、答案：C

解析：推理判断题。由第一段中的“Dolphinstakeadvantageofthebehavior,formingacircleandcatchingthefrightenedfishesinmidair.”（海豚利用这种行为，围成一个圈，在半空中抓住受惊的鱼。）可知，海豚能够巧妙地吃掉跃出水面的鱼，说明它们很聪明。故选C项。

9、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“Theydoitinschools（鱼群）ofhundreds.”（蝸鲼成群跳跃。）和第三段中的“Iwatchedseveralschoolsoffiftyormoremullets（鲻鱼）movinginbeautifulformation.”（我看到几个由50只或更多的鲻鱼组成的鱼群以美丽的队形移动。）可知，蝠鲼和鲻鱼都是成群地跳跃。故选A项。

10、答案：D

解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的“Itishardtoimaginetheywillfeelanyfresherwhenbackinwater.”（很难想象当它们回到水里时会感觉更新鲜。）可知，认为第四段提到的猜想是值得怀疑的。故选D项。

11、答案：B

解析：推理判断题。由第二段中的“ButIthinkthattheraysareenjoyingthemselves.”（但我觉得它们很享受光线。）和最后一段中的“GordonM.Burghardtrecentlypublishedaccountsofadozentypesoffishesleapingrepeatedly,sometimesoverfloatingobjects—sticks,plants,sunningturtle—fornoclearreasonotherthanentertainment.”（GordonM.Burghardt最近发表了一系列关于十几种鱼类反复跳跃的报道，有时是在漂浮的物体上，树枝，植物，晒海龟，除了娱乐之外，没有其他明确的原因。）可知，认为鱼跃出水面可能是为了享受快乐。故选B项。

12、答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后的内容ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404E-mail:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:www.。可知这篇文章的应该是一名导游。故选B。

13、答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一句RevealedtotheworldbythefamousBritishexplorer,DrDavidLivingstone,in1855,theVictoriaFallsareoneofAfrica’sbest-knownnaturalwonders.可知，维多利亚瀑布是一位英国的探险家发现。故选D。

14、答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段对于看维多利亚瀑布的介绍，有如下几种方法ViewingthefallsfromtheZambianside；ThefallscanalsobeviewedfromtheBoilingPot；Itcanbecrossedonfootforexcellentviewsofthefalls；Itisalsopossibletoseethefallsfromaplane.故答案为4种，选C。

15、答案：D

解析：写作目的题。通读全文很明显可看出，本文介绍了一个著名的自然奇观，从最后一句ContactAddressesTouristCentre,Livingstone,ZambiaTel:(03)321404E-mail:zntb@zamnet.zmWebsite:www.给出的旅游中心的地址，电话和联系方式可看出这可能是一位导游写的，通过这样的介绍想吸引游客来参观维多利亚瀑布，故答案为D。

16、答案：①-⑤DFCEA

解析：这是一篇说明文，文章解释了为什么文学如此重要。

①根据空后一句“Theyalsoencourageimaginationandcreativity.(它们还鼓励想象力和创造力。)”中的关键词also可知，空处也是描述文学的作用，D项“经典文学作品是思想的食粮。”符合语境。故选D项。

②根据本段首句“Someofthegreatliteraryworksprovidesocietywiththeguidingprinciplesoflife.(一些伟大的文学作品为社会提供了生活的指导原则。)”可知，此处是描述文学作品对社会的影响，空前一句“WorksbypoetslikeHomer,Plato,Sappho,Horaceandmanymorearetimeless.(荷马、柏拉图、萨福、贺拉斯等诗人的作品是永恒的。)”列举了一些伟大的作家的作品，空处应是接着描述他们作品的影响力，F项“它们总是逗乐读者，并将继续这样做。”符合语境，F项中的They指代前一句中的Works。故选F项。

③根据本段首句“Therearealsogreatworksinchildren’sliterature.”可知，本段是介绍儿童文学的影响，空前一句“Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwainaresomeofthemostwidelypopularchildren’sauthors.(伊索、伊妮德·布莱顿和马克·吐温都是最受欢迎的儿童文学作家)”列举了一些儿童文学作家，C项“他们丰富了许多人的童年。”符合语境，与本段儿童文学主题一致，C项中的They指代前一句中的“Aesop,EnidBlyton,andMarkTwain”。故选C项。

④根据空前一句“Butthestudyofliteraturecannotberestrictedtoonlystudyinglanguages.(但是文学研究不能仅仅局限于语言研究。)”及空后一句“Adegreeinlanguageandliteratureperhapscan'tprovideonewitheverythingliteraturecanoffer.(一个语言文学学位也许不能提供文学所能提供的一切。)”可知，文学范围很广，不能仅限于语言研究，E项“事实上，文学不能局限于一门教育课程。”与此处语意一致，符合语境。故选E项。

⑤空处位于句首，是段落主题句，结合本段内容“Greatliteraryandpoeticworkshelpapersontakeacloserlookatthedifferentaspectsofliving.Inmanyways,literature,initsdifferentforms,canchangeone’sattitudetowardsliving.(伟大的文学和诗歌作品可以帮助人们更深入地观察生活的各个方面。在很多方面，文学，以其不同的形式，可以改变一个人的生活态度。)”可知，本段讲述文学对生活的影响，A项“文学有助于理解生活”符合语境。故选A项。

17、答案：C

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A.dusty布满灰尘的；B.firm坚固的；C.empty空的；D.full满的。由上文的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空。故选C项。

18、答案：D

解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A.lookfor寻找；B.comeacross偶遇；C.fallbehind落后；D.relyon依靠。由后文的“theywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。故选D项。

19、答案：A

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A.challenge挑战；B.charity慈善；C.construction建设；D.research研究。由后文的“wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战。故选A项。

20、答案：B

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切。A.Nevertheless然而；B.Instead相反；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides另外。根据上文“Thecoupledecidedtostartayear-long3wheretheywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.”和下文“theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything.”可知，上下文是相反的做法。故选B项。

21、答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A.went去；B.dropped下降；C.failed失败；D.hit袭击。根据第一段的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”。故选D项。

22、答案：B

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A.burden负担；B.push推动力；C.debt债务；D.excuse借口。由后文的“gaveusevenmoremotivation”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力。故选B项。

23、答案：A

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A.unemployed失业的；B.unconcerned不关心的；C.occupied忙于……的；D.confused困惑的。根据第一段的“Whenaninfectiousdiseasebrokeout”可知，传染病爆发，两个人都失业了。故选A项。

24、答案：C

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A.guarantee保证；B.protect保护；C.feed喂养，养活；D.control控制。由上文的“theywouldn’tbuyasinglethingtoeat.4,theywouldgrow,raiseorcatcheverything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己。故选C项。

25、答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A.supply供应；B.save救；C.invent发明；D.harvest收集，收获。由后文的“saltfromtheocean”可知，是从海里收集盐。故选D项。

26、答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.argues争论；B.admits承认；C.doubts怀疑；D.denies否认。由后文的“thefirstfewweeksweredifficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难。故选B项。

27、答案：A

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.quitting戒除；B.demanding要求；C.changing改变；D.consuming消耗。由后文的“coffee,wineandsugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉。故选A项。

28、答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们对它们的需求降低了，现在我们感觉很好。A.returned回来；B.reduced降低；C.existed存在；D.doubled加倍。由上文的“theirbodiesadjustedto11coffee,wineandsugar”以及下文“nowwefeelgreat”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，现在感觉很好了，由此可知，他们对这些东西的需求降低了。故选B项。

29、答案：C

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A.head头；B.stop停止；C.end结束；D.point点。由后文的“theysurvivewinter”可知，二月已经结束了，cometoanend意为“结束”。故选C项。

30、答案：A

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A.positive积极的，乐观的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C.regretful后悔的；D.bored无聊的。由上文的“theysurvivewinter”和后文的“aboutcontinuingwiththiswayofliving”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度。故选A项。

31、答案：D

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A.rarely稀少地；B.instantly立即地；C.merely仅仅；D.officially正式地。由“endinginAugust”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D项。

32、答案：①isgetting②alarming③on/upon④called⑤which⑥istrapped⑦natural⑧probably⑨topay⑩responsibility

解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖已成趋势，而其造成的后果的不仅危害了自然界的动植物，也危害了人类自己。因此我们有责任抓住每一个机会，让每个人都了解全球变暖及其原因和影响。

①考查时态。句意：毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖。分析可知，所填动词为从句谓语动词，用现在进行时表“发展趋向”这一含义。从句主语为第三人称单数，用“isdoing”结构。故填isgetting。

②考查形容词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。分析可知，空处应用形容词修饰空后名词“case”，作定语，意为“令人担忧的”。故填alarming。

③考查介词。句意：这一令人担忧的案例表明，气温升高对地球生态产生了影响。“haveanimpact