【公开课】Unit+5+Discovering+useful+structures人教版（2019）必修第二册

GrammarLessonWelcometoclass!GrammarThePastParticipleusedas

theAdverbialUnit5Music过去分词作状语Lookatthefollowingsentencesandunderlinethepastparticiples.1.BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.2.Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”3.Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos…

-edformsusedastheadverbial（状语）

①

BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.Bornin过去分词短语在句中作状语

，逻辑主语是句子主语W，表状态②

Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Movedbythismusic过去分词短语，在句中作状语

，逻辑主语是句子主语he

，表被动③

Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos.Inspired过去分词作状语

，逻辑主语是句子主语he，表被动

tip1：

过去分词做状语，与句子主语成逻辑关系，表被动或者状态（记忆）。Payattentiontotheunderlinedwords.Whataretheirfunctions?Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack.We'rehavingourcarrepaired.KnownastheEmeraldIsle,Irelandattractssomanyvisitors.LocatedintheeastofAsia,Japanisadevelopedcountry.宾语补足语后置定语原因状语地点状语/前置定语过去分词作状语过去分词表示_________________，作状语时，表示动作发生的背景或者情况，在意义上相当于一个_______从句，其省略的主语（逻辑主语）是_________的主语，且与主语之间存在________关系。Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.逻辑主语被动关系完成或被动状语主句被动过去分词作时间状语1.过去分词作______状语时，相当于____状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“________________”等，使其______意义更明确。Lookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．→Whenitislookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．当从远处看时，这幅画似乎更美了。时间时间when,while,until时间过去分词作原因状语2．过去分词作_______状语时，可转换为由______________________引导的______状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Worriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．→BecauseIwasworriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．由于担心考试，我这几天感到不安。原因since,because或as原因过去分词作伴随状语5．过去分词作_______________状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用_________________代替。Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse．→Thepatientgotoffthebed,andhewassupportedbythenurse．那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved．→Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved．她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。并列分句方式或伴随现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别逻辑关系(1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的_______________________。Notknowingwhattodo，hewenttohisparentsforhelp.主谓关系/主动关系(2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的______________________。Given

moreencouragement，theboycouldhavebeenbetter.动宾关系/被动关系系表结构(3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，其前不用being。常见的这种过去分词及短语有：seated(坐着的)，lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)，bornin(出生于)，dressedin(穿着)，tiredof(厌烦了)等。

Absorbedin

hisbusiness,hehadlittletimetohavefunwithhislittledaughter.(beabsorbedin)__________（出生于）thisbeautifultown，hehatestoleaveit.Bornin有些过去分词（短语）源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。bedressedin

穿着belostin

沉浸在bedevotedto

致力于besupposedto

应该belocatedin

位于beburiedin

专心于becomparedwith与...相比beseated

位于；坐下

bepreparedfor

打算...bedeterminedtodo决定做betiredof

厌烦beabsorbedin

专心于be

born

in…

出生于beoccupiedin

忙于…V-ed与V-ing作表语的区别：用法3.V-ed与V-ing作表语的区别：Weare____________(interest)inthefilm.Thefilmis____________(interest)

tous.Michellesounded__________(excite)tohearthenews.Thenewssounded__________(excite).过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。interestedinterestingexcitedexciting系表与被动的区别用法2.V-ed作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别:V-ed作表语，强调主语的特点或状态，相当于形容词被动语态中，句子主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟byEg：Thelibraryisnowclosed.图书馆现在关闭了。Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday．昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。(系表：状态)(被动：动作)1.___________(absorb)

indeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。2._______inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)AbsorbedDressedPractiseontextBookRewritethestoryusingpastparticiplesastheadverbial.TheSilverHallisusuallyusedforsingingperformancesandisfullofcheersandenergy.Usuallyusedforsingingperformances,theSilverHallisfullofcheersandenergy.EXAMPLEPractiseontextBook1.Henrywashighlyinterestedinmusicandbegantowriteoriginalcompositionswhenhewasinhighschool.Highlyinterestedinmusic,Henrybegantowriteoriginalcompositions...2.TheywerepleasedwithhismusicandsongsandfinallyinvitedhimtoperformintheSilverHall.Pleasedwithhismusicandsongs,theyfinallyinvitedhimtoperformintheSilverHall.PractiseontextBook3.Thoughhewasaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableofwritingcompositionsandhefoundthatcreatingmusicwasareliefandcureforhisillness.Thoughaffectedbygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Henrywasstillcapableof...4.Whenhegotabsorbedinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasifhecould"see"thebeautyoftheworldaroundhim,likehehadinhispreviouslife.Absorbedinhisworldofmusic,hefeltasif...PractiseontextBookTheroomhadbeenpaintedindarkcoloursDavewasunemployedThegirlwasmovedbyhisromanticwordsHewascorrectedbyhisteacherfromtimetotimeThealbumwasrecordedinanewwayHewasinvitedtoperformonthestagesohehadtimetoconsiderwhatjobhereallywanted.sohefeltnervousandexcited.soitwasexpectedtobepopularwithtechnofans.sosheacceptedhisgift.soitneededsomebrightlights.sohelostinterestinsinging.PractiseontextBookCompletethepassagewiththewordsinbracketsintheircorrectforms.Wellknownasasuccessfulband,theImpactmembersshowquiteafewstrikingqualities.Theyneverevergiveup.When__________(question)bythemedia,theyarenot____________(discourage)andpractiseevenharder.Theyareimprovingthemselvesbyattendingseveralmastertrainingclasses.Theyareunited.__________(fillwith)teamspirit,theyactasawhole,alwaysaimingforglory(荣耀).questioneddiscouragedFilledwithSummaryandPractice

过去分词作状语（修饰动词）时,与主语之间存在着动宾关系。过去分词作状语可表___________________________________________________________等情况。过去分词作状语时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、背景或让步1.作时间状语(一般置于句首或句尾)_________(compare)with/tooursmallapartment/flat,ouruncle’shouseseemedlikeapalace._______(see)fromthetopofthehill,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.

从山顶上看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。

Compare:_______(see)amouserunacrosstheroom,thegirlscreamedwithfear（害怕地尖叫）.

SeenSeeing(现在分词作时间状语)(过去分词短语作时间状语)Compared

Well___________(know)forhisexpert(专业的)advice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Compare:__________(know)Englishwell,hetranslatedthearticlewithoutmuchdifficulty.knownKnowing(过去分词短语作原因状语,beknownfor,省略be)(现在分词短语作原因状语)时间状语(When)_______(leave)aloneathome,theboymadealotoftrouble.(When)_________(leave)theairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.(过去分词短语作时间状语)Leaving(现在分词短语作时间状语)Left2.作原因状语(一般置于句首)___________(worry)aboutthejourney,

Iwasunsettled(不安的)forthefirstfewdays.Compare:_____________(feel/be)worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.WorriedFeeling/Being(过去分词短语作原因状语)(现在分词短语作原因状语)beworriedabout，省略be3.原因状语

Well___________(know)forhisexpert(专业的)advice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Compare:__________(know)Englishwell,hetranslatedthearticlewithoutmuchdifficulty.knownKnowing(过去分词短语作原因状语,beknownfor,省略be)(现在分词短语作原因状语)4.作条件状语(一般置于句首)______(give)anotherchance,hecoulddomuchbetter.(If)______(heat),waterchangesintosteam（蒸汽）.

Compare:(If)________(heat)water,youcanchangeitintosteam.Let'sDiscussandAnalyzeTogetherGivenHeatingheated(现在分词短语作条件状语)5.作方式、伴随或背景状语(置于句后)Harryjuststoodthere,_______(lose)inthought.Compare:Shelistenedtothemusic,_______(lose)herselfinitsbeauty.lostlosing(现在分词短语伴随作状语)leftunderstanding(过去分词短语作让步状语)(现在分词短语伴让步状语)6.作让步状语(置于句首)

Although_______(leave)aloneathome,thelittlegirldidn’tfeelafraidatall.Compare:

Though___________(understand)noSpanish,shewasabletocommunicatewiththeotherstudents.区分谓语和非谓语谓语非谓语do/does/did一般态be+doing进行态have+done完成态doingV情+do情态动词be+done被动语态donetodoTodo的用法解析todo将来/目的/临时一次性1.名词前有first,last,next,only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要用动词不定式。Shewasthefirstwoman

（win）thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.2.抽象名词attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,plan,way或不定代词something，nothing后面常用不定式作后置定语。ButJanishastheabilityanddesire

(do)usefulwork.Istillhavesomething(eat).towintodotoeat3.当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetings__________.(join)Sheisaniceperson________________(getalongwith).togetalongwithtojoinDoing&Done现在分词&过去分词doing动名词：确定/进行/长期现在分词:动作正在进行与谓语动作同时进行现在分词doing一般表__________/；过去分词done一般表__________。动名词doing表功能用途。readingroom,swimmingpool,washingmachine,waitingroom,walkingstick.doing&done1)Theman________(talk)toTimishisuncle.2)Haveyoureadthe

novel

_________(write)byDickens?3)Behindthelibraryis__________(swim)pool.主动/进行/用途被动/完成swimmingtalkingwritten现在分词作定语1.LearningEnglishisverydifficult.2.Ienjoydancing.3.Ihavegotusedtolivinginthecountry.Hisjobisdrivingabus.LookattheExamplesdonevt:被动/完成vi:完成1.Pollutedriver.2.Givenmoretime,Icandomyworkbetter.3.I

found

mywatchstolen.主语谓语宾语宾补todoShegotupveryearly(inorder)tocatch

（catch）upthefirstbus.Irushedtotheairport,onlytofind

（find）thatJohnhadgone.

Wewereastonished（惊讶的）

tofind(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.doingThesecretary（秘书）workedlateintonight,preparing

(prepare)alongspeech.Working(work)

hard,

you’llmakerapidprogress

inyourEnglishlearning.doneSeen

(see)fromthehill,theparkseemsmorebeautiful.作状语区分目的结果原因主动被动With的复合结构来认识一下withwith介词和......一起e.g.HewenttoBeijingwithhisparents.

Thegirlstoodtheresilently,withtearsinhereyes.随着、由于......后接宾语介词+宾语介词+宾语+宾语补足语GuessWhoIAM???AnalyzingExamplesTheysetupafootballteam,withTomtheirhead.with+宾语+名词Withthewindowsopen,theroomwasverycold.With+宾语+形容词Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulwithallthelightson.with+宾语+副词With

coming,theweatherbecomesveryhot.表示主动、进行with+宾语+V-ingwith+宾语+V-edWiththeworkdone,hefeltgreatlyrelieved.表示被动、完成Withsomuchworktodo