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UNIT2HEALTHYLIFESTYLEⅠ.匹配词义a.单词匹配()1.abuse A.vt.激发;促进;刺激()2.dominate B.n.解放;摆脱()3.reward C.adj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的()4.negative D.vt.跳过;不参加;悄悄溜走 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;跳绳 n.蹦跳()5.discipline E.vt.increasethequalityorvalue()6.liberation F.n.&vt.makebaduseof;treatwithcruelties()7.skip G.vt.&vi.controlorhavealot ofinfluenceoversb./sth.()8.stimulate H.n.&vt.thecontrolledbehaviour; asystemofrules()9.dynamic I.n.回报;奖励;报酬 vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬()10.enhanceJ.adj.消极的;有害的;否定的[答案]1—5FGIJH6—10BDACEb.短语匹配()1.shaveoff A.回答;答复()2.wornout B.依赖;依靠;信赖()3.stressedout C.立即;马上()4.beabsorbedin D.决定;选定()5.straightaway E.下定决心()6.becomposedof F.由……组成(或构成)的()7.makeupone'smind G.剃掉;刮去()8.relyon H.焦虑不安;心力交瘁()9.inresponseto I.筋疲力尽的;疲惫的()10.decideon J.全神贯注于;专心于[答案]1—5GIHJC6—10FEBADⅡ.默写单词1.tobaccon. 烟草;烟叶2.psychologyn. 心理学;心理;心理影响3.cuen. 提示;暗示;信号vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)4.facilitatevt. 促进;促使;使便利5.surgeonn. 外科医生6.drugn. 毒品;药物7.dizzyadj. 头晕目眩的8.sugaryadj. 含糖的;甜的9.comedyn. 喜剧;喜剧片;滑稽节目10.refreshvt. 使恢复精力;使凉爽;刷新Ⅰ.选词填空dizzy;negative;refresh;enhance;abuse;dynamic;liberation;facilitate;discipline;skip1.Manypeoplediedduringfamineseveryyearbeforeliberation.2.Theschoolhasareputationforhighstandardsofdiscipline.3.Thewholeexperiencewasdefinitelymorepositivethannegative.4.Thenewtradeagreementshouldfacilitatemorerapideconomicgrowth.5.Sheabusedherpositionasprincipalbygivingjobstoherfriends.6.Theyhadstoppedbyaspringtorefreshthemselves.7.Theysawthemanwithalittlegirlskippingalongbehindhim.8.Herheadstillhurt,andshefeltslightlydizzy.9.Heseemedadynamicandenergeticleader.10.They'llbekeentoenhancetheirreputationabroad.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1.Alcoholic(alcohol)drinkscanhaveabadeffectonyourbody.2.Thisisaphysical(physics)change,notachemicalone.3.Sherepeatedly(repeated)urgedhersonnottotellanyoneaboutthesecret.4.Oncloserexamination(examine)itwasfoundthatthesignaturewasnotgenuine.5.Theyappearedsurprisinglypessimistic(pessimism)abouttheirchancesofwinning.6.Thebreakupoftheirmarriagewasanenormousliberation(liberate)forher.7.Hehadtorefresh(fresh)hismemorybylookingathisnotes.8.Imadeanappointmenttoseeaspecialist(special).9.Hewasaconsultant(consult)totheSwedishgovernment.10.Doyoueatsweets,cakesorsugary(sugar)snacks?1.Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.这些坏习惯如果不加以控制,成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。2.Soonthatchoicebecomesautomaticandformsahabitthatismuchhardertochange.很快,这种选择就会自动形成一种很难改变的习惯。3.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanchange,ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.好消息是如果我们理解了习惯是如何运作的,我们就能做出改变。4.Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化,我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环,然后尽力去调整。5.Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly,andifwearenotsuccessfulstraightaway,weoftenbecomepessimisticandgiveup.我们中的许多人试图迅速改变坏习惯,如果我们不能马上成功,我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。词语助读①independentadj.自主的,有主见的②uncheckedadj.不加约束的,不受限制的,放任的③become/beinvolvedin使卷入,使陷入④tobaccooralcoholabuse过度吸烟或饮酒tobaccon.烟草;烟叶alcoholn.酒;酒精abusen.滥用;虐待;辱骂vt.滥用;虐待;辱骂⑤physicalandmentalhealth身心健康physicaladj.身体的;客观存在的;物理学的⑥prevent...from...阻止/预防……[同义]stop/discourage/keep...from...⑦dominatevt.&vi.支配;控制;占有优势dominationn.支配,统治;(被)控制⑧recognisevt.意识到,承认⑨repeatedlyadv.重复地⑩thesumof...……的总和sumn.和,总和,总数⑪automaticadj.无意识的;自动的⑫psychologyn.心理学;心理;心理影响⑬cuen.提示;暗示;信号vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)⑭actas充当,起作用⑮inresponseto回答;答复⑯rewardn.回报;奖励;报酬vt.奖励;奖赏;给以报酬⑰relyon依赖;依靠;信赖relyvi.依赖;依靠;信赖⑱facilitatevt.促进;促使;使便利⑲examinevt.(仔细)检查;审查;测验⑳adapt在此意为“调整”。eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))negativeadj.消极的;有害的;否定的[反义]positiveadj.积极的eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))asidefrom...除……以外eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))escalatorn.自动扶梯;滚梯rideanescalator乘自动扶梯eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))takethestairs走楼梯eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))straightaway立即;马上eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))pessimisticadj.悲观的;悲观主义的[反义]optimisticadj.乐观的;乐观主义的eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))disciplinen.自制力;纪律;学科vt.自我控制;管教;处罚eq\o(○,\s\up2(28))pilln.药丸;药片eq\o(○,\s\up2(29))deletebutton删除键deletevt.删去;删除eq\o(○,\s\up2(30))decideon决定;选定人物小传亚里士多德(Aristotle),古希腊人,世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家,堪称希腊哲学的集大成者,与他的老师柏拉图一样,被称为西方哲学之父。马克思曾称亚里士多德是古希腊哲学家中最博学的人物,恩格斯称他是“古代的黑格尔”。原文呈现HABITSFORAHEALTHYLIFESTYLEAsteenagersgrowup[1],theybecomemoreindependent①andstartmakingtheirowndecisions.However,duringthisperiod,itcanbeeasyforsomeofthemtoformbadhabits.Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked②[2],couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.Forexample,someofthemmaybecomeinvolvedin③tobaccooralcoholabuse④,whichcanleadtophysicalandmentalhealth⑤problems.Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefrom⑥dominating⑦ateenager'slifeisessential.Theymustlearntorecognise⑧badhabitsearlyandmakeappropriatechanges.[1]此处为As引导的时间状语从句,表示“随着……”。[2]此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略,将其补全则是ifthesebadhabitsareleftunchecked。Tochangebadhabitsisnevereasy,evenwithmanyattempts.ThereisafamoussayingbasedonthephilosophyofAristotle[3]:“Wearewhatwerepeatedly⑨do.”Inmanyways,ourlifestyleisthesumof⑩choiceswehavemade.Wemakeachoicetodosomething,andthenwerepeatitoverandoveragain.Soonthatchoicebecomesautomatic⑪andformsahabitthatismuchhardertochange.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanchange,ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.[3]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰afamoussaying。Accordingtomodernpsychology⑫,wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”,whichworkslikethis:·Firstly,thereisa“cue⑬”,anaction,event,orsituationthatactsas⑭asignaltodosomething.·Secondly,thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponseto⑮thecue.·Thirdly,thereisthe“reward⑯”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.Forexample,whenwefeelunhappy(cue),weeatlotsofunhealthysnacks(routine),whichmakesusfeelhappy(reward)[4].Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitofrelyingon⑰unhealthysnacksisformed.[4]此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,其中又包含了“make+宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为feelhappy。Tofacilitate⑱apositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamine⑲ourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadapt⑳them.Wecandothisbycombiningtheinformationfromourhabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(21)))routinewithsomethingmorepositive.So,whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue),ratherthaneatsnacks,wecouldlistentosomeofourfavouritemusicinstead(routine),whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward).Asidefromeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(22)))changingbadhabits,wecanalsousethehabitcycletocreategoodhabits.Forexample,whenwecometoanescalatoreq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(23)))(cue),ournormalroutineistorideit,butwecouldchangethisroutineintosomethingmorepositivebytakingthestairseq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(24)))instead.Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly,andifwearenotsuccessfulstraightawayeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(25))),weoftenbecomepessimisticeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(26)))andgiveup.Infact,themostsuccessfulwaytochangeisnotsuddenly,butoveraperiodoftime.AstheChinesephilosopherLaoZiwrote[5],“Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.”Onestepseemssmall,butitisessential.Toreachthegoalofchange,apersonmustshowsomedisciplineeq\o(○,\s\up2(27))andrepeatedlytakemanysmallsteps.Afterall,itisnoteasytobreakbadhabits.[5]As在此引导非限制性定语从句,As指代整个主句的内容。Foryoungpeople,thereisplentyoftimetochangebadhabits.However,thereisno“magicpilleq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(28)))”ordeletebuttoneq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(29)))thatwillhelpyou;youhavetothinkaboutyourbadhabitsanddecideoneq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(30)))somechanges.Youhavethepowertobuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits!译文参考健康的生活习惯青少年在成长过程中,变得更加独立并且开始自己做决定。不过,一些人在这期间容易养成不良习惯。这些坏习惯如果不加以控制,成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。例如,有些青少年会沉溺于
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