新教材高中英语UNIT2HEALTHYLIFESTYLE预习新知早知道学案新人教版选择性

UNIT2HEALTHYLIFESTYLEⅠ.匹配词义a．单词匹配()1.abuse A．vt.激发；促进；刺激()2.dominate B．n.解放；摆脱()3.reward C．adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的()4.negative D．vt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n．蹦跳()5.discipline E．vt.increasethequalityorvalue()6.liberation F．n.&vt.makebaduseof；treatwithcruelties()7.skip G．vt.&vi.controlorhavealot ofinfluenceoversb./sth.()8.stimulate H．n.&vt.thecontrolledbehaviour; asystemofrules()9.dynamic I．n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬()10.enhanceJ．adj.消极的；有害的；否定的[答案]1—5FGIJH6—10BDACEb．短语匹配()1.shaveoff A．回答；答复()2.wornout B．依赖；依靠；信赖()3.stressedout C．立即；马上()4.beabsorbedin D．决定；选定()5.straightaway E．下定决心()6.becomposedof F．由……组成(或构成)的()7.makeupone'smind G．剃掉；刮去()8.relyon H．焦虑不安；心力交瘁()9.inresponseto I．筋疲力尽的；疲惫的()10.decideon J．全神贯注于；专心于[答案]1—5GIHJC6—10FEBADⅡ.默写单词1．tobaccon． 烟草；烟叶2．psychologyn. 心理学；心理；心理影响3．cuen. 提示；暗示；信号vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)4．facilitatevt. 促进；促使；使便利5．surgeonn. 外科医生6．drugn. 毒品；药物7．dizzyadj. 头晕目眩的8．sugaryadj. 含糖的；甜的9．comedyn. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目10．refreshvt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新Ⅰ.选词填空dizzy；negative；refresh；enhance；abuse；dynamic；liberation；facilitate；discipline；skip1．Manypeoplediedduringfamineseveryyearbeforeliberation．2．Theschoolhasareputationforhighstandardsofdiscipline．3．Thewholeexperiencewasdefinitelymorepositivethannegative．4．Thenewtradeagreementshouldfacilitatemorerapideconomicgrowth.5．Sheabusedherpositionasprincipalbygivingjobstoherfriends.6．Theyhadstoppedbyaspringtorefreshthemselves.7．Theysawthemanwithalittlegirlskippingalongbehindhim.8．Herheadstillhurt，andshefeltslightlydizzy．9．Heseemedadynamicandenergeticleader.10．They'llbekeentoenhancetheirreputationabroad.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Alcoholic(alcohol)drinkscanhaveabadeffectonyourbody.2．Thisisaphysical(physics)change，notachemicalone.3．Sherepeatedly(repeated)urgedhersonnottotellanyoneaboutthesecret.4．Oncloserexamination(examine)itwasfoundthatthesignaturewasnotgenuine.5．Theyappearedsurprisinglypessimistic(pessimism)abouttheirchancesofwinning.6．Thebreak­upoftheirmarriagewasanenormousliberation(liberate)forher.7．Hehadtorefresh(fresh)hismemorybylookingathisnotes.8．Imadeanappointmenttoseeaspecialist(special)．9．Hewasaconsultant(consult)totheSwedishgovernment.10．Doyoueatsweets，cakesorsugary(sugar)snacks?1．Thesebadhabits，ifleftunchecked，couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。2．Soonthatchoicebecomesautomaticandformsahabitthatismuchhardertochange.很快，这种选择就会自动形成一种很难改变的习惯。3．Thegoodnewsisthatwecanchange，ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.好消息是如果我们理解了习惯是如何运作的，我们就能做出改变。4．Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits，wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。5．Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly，andifwearenotsuccessfulstraightaway，weoftenbecomepessimisticandgiveup.我们中的许多人试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果我们不能马上成功，我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。词语助读①independentadj.自主的，有主见的②uncheckedadj.不加约束的，不受限制的，放任的③become/beinvolvedin使卷入，使陷入④tobaccooralcoholabuse过度吸烟或饮酒tobaccon．烟草；烟叶alcoholn．酒；酒精abusen．滥用；虐待；辱骂vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂⑤physicalandmentalhealth身心健康physicaladj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的⑥prevent...from...阻止/预防……[同义]stop/discourage/keep...from...⑦dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势dominationn．支配，统治；(被)控制⑧recognisevt.意识到，承认⑨repeatedlyadv.重复地⑩thesumof...……的总和sumn．和，总和，总数⑪automaticadj.无意识的；自动的⑫psychologyn．心理学；心理；心理影响⑬cuen．提示；暗示；信号vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)⑭actas充当，起作用⑮inresponseto回答；答复⑯rewardn．回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬⑰relyon依赖；依靠；信赖relyvi.依赖；依靠；信赖⑱facilitatevt.促进；促使；使便利⑲examinevt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验⑳adapt在此意为“调整”。eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))negativeadj.消极的；有害的；否定的[反义]positiveadj.积极的eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))asidefrom...除……以外eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))escalatorn．自动扶梯；滚梯rideanescalator乘自动扶梯eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))takethestairs走楼梯eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))straightaway立即；马上eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))pessimisticadj.悲观的；悲观主义的[反义]optimisticadj.乐观的；乐观主义的eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))disciplinen．自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；管教；处罚eq\o(○,\s\up2(28))pilln．药丸；药片eq\o(○,\s\up2(29))deletebutton删除键deletevt.删去；删除eq\o(○,\s\up2(30))decideon决定；选定人物小传亚里士多德(Aristotle)，古希腊人，世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家，堪称希腊哲学的集大成者，与他的老师柏拉图一样，被称为西方哲学之父。马克思曾称亚里士多德是古希腊哲学家中最博学的人物，恩格斯称他是“古代的黑格尔”。原文呈现HABITSFORAHEALTHYLIFESTYLEAsteenagersgrowup[1]，theybecomemoreindependent①andstartmakingtheirowndecisions.However，duringthisperiod，itcanbeeasyforsomeofthemtoformbadhabits.Thesebadhabits，ifleftunchecked②[2]，couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.Forexample，someofthemmaybecomeinvolvedin③tobaccooralcoholabuse④，whichcanleadtophysicalandmentalhealth⑤problems.Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefrom⑥dominating⑦ateenager'slifeisessential.Theymustlearntorecognise⑧badhabitsearlyandmakeappropriatechanges.[1]此处为As引导的时间状语从句，表示“随着……”。[2]此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略，将其补全则是ifthesebadhabitsareleftunchecked。Tochangebadhabitsisnevereasy，evenwithmanyattempts.ThereisafamoussayingbasedonthephilosophyofAristotle[3]：“Wearewhatwerepeatedly⑨do.”Inmanyways，ourlifestyleisthesumof⑩choiceswehavemade.Wemakeachoicetodosomething，andthenwerepeatitoverandoveragain.Soonthatchoicebecomesautomatic⑪andformsahabitthatismuchhardertochange.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanchange，ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.[3]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰afamoussaying。Accordingtomodernpsychology⑫，wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”，whichworkslikethis：·Firstly，thereisa“cue⑬”，anaction，event，orsituationthatactsas⑭asignaltodosomething.·Secondly，thereisa“routine”，theregularactionyoutakeinresponseto⑮thecue.·Thirdly，thereisthe“reward⑯”，thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.Forexample，whenwefeelunhappy(cue)，weeatlotsofunhealthysnacks(routine)，whichmakesusfeelhappy(reward)[4]．Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle，andthebadhabitofrelyingon⑰unhealthysnacksisformed.[4]此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，其中又包含了“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为feelhappy。Tofacilitate⑱apositivechangeinourbadhabits，wemustfirstexamine⑲ourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadapt⑳them.Wecandothisbycombiningtheinformationfromourhabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.Forexample，wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(21)))routinewithsomethingmorepositive.So，whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue)，ratherthaneatsnacks，wecouldlistentosomeofourfavouritemusicinstead(routine)，whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward)．Asidefromeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(22)))changingbadhabits，wecanalsousethehabitcycletocreategoodhabits.Forexample，whenwecometoanescalatoreq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(23)))(cue)，ournormalroutineistorideit，butwecouldchangethisroutineintosomethingmorepositivebytakingthestairseq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(24)))instead.Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly，andifwearenotsuccessfulstraightawayeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(25)))，weoftenbecomepessimisticeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(26)))andgiveup.Infact，themostsuccessfulwaytochangeisnotsuddenly，butoveraperiodoftime.AstheChinesephilosopherLaoZiwrote[5]，“Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.”Onestepseemssmall，butitisessential.Toreachthegoalofchange，apersonmustshowsomedisciplineeq\o(○,\s\up2(27))andrepeatedlytakemanysmallsteps.Afterall，itisnoteasytobreakbadhabits.[5]As在此引导非限制性定语从句，As指代整个主句的内容。Foryoungpeople，thereisplentyoftimetochangebadhabits.However，thereisno“magicpilleq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(28)))”ordeletebuttoneq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(29)))thatwillhelpyou；youhavetothinkaboutyourbadhabitsanddecideoneq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(30)))somechanges.Youhavethepowertobuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits！译文参考健康的生活习惯青少年在成长过程中，变得更加独立并且开始自己做决定。不过，一些人在这期间容易养成不良习惯。这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于