广西高一下学期期末考试英语试卷带答案解析

第第页广西高一下学期期末考试英语试卷(带答案解析）（满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解April27isTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayinBritain.StartedatfirstintheUnitedStatesandbroughttoBritainin1994,TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayhasbecomeaspecialdayforgirlsbetween11and15.Onthatdaythousandsofgirlstakeadayoffschoolandgotogetherwithoneoftheirparentstotheirworkplaces.Thepurposeofthisdayistobroadengirls’horizonsandraisetheirself-confidence.Formanyyears,peoplehavethoughtthatboyscandobetterthangirlsinsociety.Butactually,“girlscanbewhatevertheywanttobejustlikeboys,whetheritisapilot,anurseorachiefexecutive,”saysthechairmanoftheOurSonsandDaughtersCharitableTrust,anorganizationwhichsupportedtheactivityoftheDay.“Nowthegirlshaveacloselookatwhattheirparentsaredoingandthismayhelpthemtobemoreself-confidentwhentheyarefacedwithachoiceofwork.”Schoolsandmanycompaniessupporttheactivitytoo.PalmersGreenHighSchoolforgirls,innorthLondon,hasmadethedayanecessarypartofcareereducation.ZarinaBart,15,fromPalmersGreen,wentwithhermotherGwentoherLawyer’sOfficethisyear’sTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay.“IlearnedhowtofillinalegalaidformandIreaddetailsofacase.ThenIwenttoseetheactualtrial,”shesaid.Zarinafounditinterestingtoseehermotheratwork.“It’sreallystrangeseeingMumatwork—runningaround,gettingseriousandtellingpeoplewhattodo.”Shehasalwayslikedthisideaofgoingintolawandthinksitlikelythatshewillfollowinhermother’sfootsteps.Havingachancetoseehowhermotherworkshasgivenhermoreself-confidence.Expertsbelievethatgirlswithhigherself-confidenceaimhigherandaremorelikelytobesuccessfulinlife.Parentshavethemostimportanteffectontheconfidenceofteenagegirls.Ifparentsbelieveintheirdaughtersandshowexamplesbothatworkaswellasathomeforthem,thiswillgivealotofhelptogirls.TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayissurelyastepintherightdirection.1．WhatdoweknowaboutTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay?A．ItoriginatedinBritain.B．Itisaspecialdayforgirlsofallages.C．Studentsneedn’tattendschoolthatday.D．Itaimstoexpandthegirls’horizonsandmakethemmoreconfident.2．Whichofthefollowingsentencescandescribethechairman’sopinion?A．Boyscandobetterthangirlsinsociety.B．Girlsaremoreoutstandingthanboys.C．Observingwhattheirparentsaredoingmayraisegirls’self-confidence.D．TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayisoflittlesignificancetogirls.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“case”inparagraph4mean?A．AninstanceofaparticularsituationB．AsetofcircumstancesunderofficialinvestigationbythepoliceC．AninstanceofadiseaseD．Apersonsufferingfromadisease4．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay?A．Favorable. B．Intolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.Onmy70thbirthday,inSeptember2019,Idecidedtoparticipatein70differentsportsbeforeIturned71.Themotivation?Simplytohavesomefun.Athleticism,afterall,doesnotendatsomearbitrary(任意的)age.Shortlyaftermy70thbirthday,Itookacrackatpaddle-boarding.Familymembersweregreatlyentertained,watchingmefirsttrytogetontheboard,thenstandontheboardandfinallyfallintothewaterbeforetryingalloveragain.Lessonlearnt:Perseverancepaysoff.EventuallyIstood,IbalancedandIpaddled.Anearlysuccess.Wintersportsbroughttheirownchallenges.Apick-upgameofhockeyresultedintheoddcollision.Thequalityofplaywashardlyinspirational,butitwascertainlyfun.Thencametheattempttoteachmyselfthebasicsoffigureskating.Itleftmefallingflatontheice,myelbowandkneeaching.Irefusedtogiveup.Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,try,tryagain,whichIcalledself-discipline.However,theoutbreakofCOVID-19shutdownmostofmycity,whichbecameasetbacktomy70-at-70goal.BythenIhadtriednearly35sports.Individualsportswouldhavetobetheorderoftheday:Running,jumping,walking.Fortrack,Ibuiltmyownhighjumpandhurdles.Athleticsdoesnothavetobecomplicated.Thereweresomehealthadvantages,too,toalltheexerciseIwasgetting.Eachactivitytriggeredendorphinsthatbroughtanimmediatehigh.Overthelongertermcametherealisationthatdreamsareimportant,regardlessofhowfar-fetchedorunrealistictheymightseem.AsyoungsterswedreamofplayinginthebigleaguesorparticipatingintheOlympics.Asweage,ourhopesanddreamschange,butoneshouldneverletthemdisappear.Weneedsomethingtolookforwardto;what’sbetterthantowakeupeachmorningknowingthereisagametoplay?5．Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfrompaddle-boarding?A．Havingsomefun. B．Havingperseverance.C．Masteringanyofthesports. D．Beingentertained.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“setback”inParagraph4mean?A．Experience. B．Barrier. C．Breakthrough. D．Option.7．Whatistheauthor’sdreaminhis70s?A．Takingacrackatpaddle-boarding. B．Playinginthebigleagues.C．ParticipatingintheOlympics. D．Havingagametoplay.8．Whichstatementmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Onecanonlygetfunfromsports.B．Onecannotdreambigastheyage.C．Onecanbepreventedfromsportsatanyarbitraryage.D．Onecanneverlosehopesanddreamsregardlessofage.ItisverychallengingwhenitcomestotryingtomastertheEnglishlanguage.However,therearesomethingsyoucandotoimproveyourEnglishlearning.ThefollowingbooksareanexcellentwayforpeopletryingtolearnEnglishorgetbetteratit.OxfordPictureDictionaryThisisagreatbookforthosewholiketolearnthingsvisually.Youcanusethepicturestolearnmanynewwordseachday.Thereisalsoabilingualversionforthosewhowanttolearnusingtheirownnativelanguage.WordPowerMadeEasy.Thisusefuldictionaryprovidesoneofthebestwaystolearnoverl,000ofthewordswhicharemostcommonlyusedinEnglish.Thebookhasmanyinterestingactivitiesandgamesandgivestipsonavoidingspellingerrors.NTCVocabularyBuildersStudentswhoaremoreadvancedintheEnglishlanguagewillgreatlyliketheNTCVocab-ularyBuilders.IfyouwanttobuildyourEnglishvocabulary,thenthisbookisagoodchoice.EnglishVocabularyinUseThisisoneofthebest-sellingbooksbyCambridgeUniversityPress.ThebookisgoodforstudentsoftheEnglishlanguageofalllevelswhowanttohaveawidervocabulary.YoucanchoosetolearnBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.ImprovingyourEnglishisoneofthebestwaystomakesurethatyouwilldogreatinlife.Itcanopenmanydoorsforyou.ForthosewhoarenotnativeEnglishspeakers,thesebookswillcomeinhandy.Withhardwork,anyonecanbeamasteroftheEnglishlanguage.9．WhatisspecialaboutOxfordPictureDictionary?A．Itisdesignedforlanguagebeginners. B．Itoffersadviceonlanguagelearning.C．Itprovidesmanypicturestohelplearnlanguage. D．Itgiveslearnersalotofinterestingdailytasks.10．Whichbookprovideswaystostayawayfrommistakesinspelling?A．OxfordPictureDictionary. B．WordPowerMadeEasy.C．NTCVocabularyBuilder. D．EnglishVocabularyinUse.11．Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A．ThosewhowanttoteachEnglish. B．Thosewhowanttodogreatinlife.C．Thosewhowanttotakeonnewchallenges. D．ThosewhowanttoimprovetheirEnglishvocabulary.Humanhistoryhasafewcommonthemes,oneofwhichisthewrittenword.Humanshavebeenprintingaswellaswritingsince3,000BC-theAncientEgyptiansaswellastheChineseusedstampslikethoseavailabletodaytoimprintimagesontocloth.WhentheChinesescholarTs’aiLunallegedlymadethefirstpieceofpaperin750AD,printingboostedaswell.InEurope,bookswereliterallyhandwrittenuntilaroundthe11thcentury.Producingbookswasatimeconsumingprocessatthatperiod.Then,inthe11thcentury,Chineseprovidedthenextinnovationinprinting.PiSheng,oneofthemostimportantmeninthehistoryofprinting,createdclaycharacterswhichformedthefirstmoveabletype.Bythe12thcenturyEuropewasmakingitsownpaper,andbythe13thcenturybronzetypefacesarebeingcreated.Bookswerebeingprintedusingtheseearlytechniquesby1397AD．Asprintingwasexpensive,mostbookswerestillwrittenbyhand.By1507peoplewereexploringtheworldofcolourprinting.Theprintingpressbecamecheapertomanufactureandquickertouse,meaningthatmorebookswerebeingprinted.Peoplebecamemoreeducatedasmaterialwasmorewidelyavailable.In1837colourprintingbegantoresemblewhatweseetoday,withfullcolouradvertsappearingforthefirsttime.Offsetprinting(胶印)arrivedin1903-thismethodisstillwidelyusedtodayforprintingnewspapersandmagazines.Today,digitaltechnologyhascompletelychangedhowweprint.3DprintingwasinventedbyChuckHull-theprocessisnotprintingaswetraditionallythinkofit;itworksbybuildinguplayersofplasticinordertoformanobject.Itisthoughtthatatsomepointitwillbepossibleto“print”humanorgans,potentiallysavingthousandsoflives;whileitmayseemimpossiblerightnow,thewayprintinghasadvanced,there’snosayingthatitwon’teventuallybecomeareality.Onlytimewilltellwheretheprintingindustrywillgo.12．Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopic?A．Bytellingastory.B．Bylistingfigures.C．Bypresentingfacts.D．Bygivingexamples.13．WhatcanwelearnaboutbooksinEuropebefore11thcentury?A．Theywerehandwritten.B．Theywerewidelyavailable.C．TheywereprintedbyPiSheng.D．Theywereprintedwithcolors.14．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph3mean?A．Master.B．Make.C．Operate.D．Spread.15．Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?A．Aguidebook.B．Acampussurvey.C．Anewsreport.D．Asciencemagazine.二、七选五Itisnecessarytobereasonableandflexible(灵活的)enoughtoavoidconflicts(冲突)asmuchaspossibleandliveinpeacewithothers.16Ifyouhavedoneallyourbesttoavoidconflictsandyouarestillarguing,thenreadthesebelowtipsonhowtoavoidconflicts.Don’tgetinthecenteroftheconflict.Sometimespeoplecangetinthecenterofconflictsduetotheirenthusiasm(热心)forofferinghelp.Franklyspeaking,itisveryunwise,becauseitcanmakeyouthemainfigureoftheconflict.17Youshouldfocusonyourownlifeissues.Bekind.18Lifeisfullofconflictsanddisagreements,andthat’swhyyoushouldfindmoreconservative(保守的)waysofdealingwiththem.Forexample,kindnesscanlessentheconflict.Trytobeapeacekeeper.Peacekeeperstendtocooperatewithpeoplewithoutbademotionswhichusuallyleadtoargumentsandevenconflicts.“19”Thissayingisthelifemottoofanatural-bornpeacekeeper.Don’tworryifyouarenotanatural-bornpeacekeeper;youcangainthisskillduringlife.20Whentheconflictisgatheringpaceandyoucan’tmanagetocontrolyourself,youshouldchoosetohandlethesituationinanotherway.Byallmeans,trytokeepyourselfawayfromstress.Itishelpfultoputsomedistancebetweenyourselfandtheopponent(对手).Youshouldgetawayfromthesituationforawhile.A．Walkoff.B．Thegreatestvictoryisabattlenotfought.C．Conflictsareunavoidable,sotrytoacceptthem.D．Weakpeopleusuallydesireotherstoofferhelpandsupport.E．Letotherpeoplesolvetheirproblemswithoutyourpresence.F．Whensomeonepushesyoutothelimit,trytoactkindlytowardsthisperson.G．Arguingcaneitherbreakyourfriendshiporaffectyourrelationshiptosomedegree.三、完形填空OnasmallislandcalledMiddleIslandneartheVictoriancoastaltownofWarrnambool,sheepdogsarehardatworkprotectinglittlepenguins(企鹅).MiddleIslandisa21placeforlittlepenguins.30yearsago,itwashometothousandsofpenguins,butbythelate90‘sthatnumberhadhalvedandby2005therewereonlyfourbirds22.At23tide(潮汐),MiddleIslandbecomesaccessibletoanintroducedspecies,theEuropeanredfox,withterrible24.Thefoxesdidgreatdamagetotheisland.So,AlanMarsh,alocalchickenfarmer,25thatsheepdogsshouldbeusedto26thepenguins.“Thewholeideawastakingafarmingpracticeofhavingdogsprotectingyourfarmanimalsandthen27themtotheislandwherethepenguins28thatwerebeingconstantly29byfoxes,”Marshsaid.Sheepdogshavebeenprotectinganimalsforcenturies.Sheepdogslivewiththem,30socialbonds.TheWarrnamboolCityCouncil31theideaandMarshstayedonthe32withhissheepdog,Oddball,forthefirstweekduringthemonth-long33.“ItdidwhatIhopeditwoulddo34,”saidMarsh.“The35ofthedogkeptfoxesfrom36theisland.”Theprojecthasbeen37eversinceandthepenguinpopulationontheislandcontinuesto38.Itisnowabout180littlepenguinsreturningtoMiddleIsland.“Whenthedogshavebeenontheisland,therehasbeenno39ontheisland.Soweknowthedogswork.It’s40!”saysTrishCorbetoftheMiddleIslandPenguinProject.21．A．dangerous B．comfortable C．poisonous D．healthy22．A．killed B．fed C．left D．born23．A．fierce B．low C．high D．common24．A．diseases B．consequences C．attitudes D．friends25．A．ordered B．designed C．dreamed D．suggested26．A．count B．find C．encourage D．protect27．A．sending B．selling C．inviting D．cheating28．A．diedout B．setup C．settleddown D．swamacross29．A．assisted B．recognized C．attacked D．influenced30．A．forming B．increasing C．quitting D．continuing31．A．refused B．approved C．ignored D．bought32．A．city B．village C．court D．island33．A．rescue B．holiday C．trial D．judgment34．A．exactly B．differently C．generally D．usually35．A．bark B．shadow C．wildness D．presence36．A．reaching B．seeing C．digging D．destroying37．A．throwing B．stopping C．running D．showing38．A．double B．climb C．decrease D．change39．A．birds B．foxes C．wolves D．hunters40．A．familiar B．traditional C．frightening D．fantastic四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个单词）。Onethingthatpeoplegetfromtheiroccupationis,ofcourse,money.However,41themajorityofpeoplewantismorethanjustagoodsalary.There42(be)manyotherthingsthataddupto“jobsatisfaction”,thefeelingofenjoymentyougetfromdoingajob.Whatpeopleinemploymentwantfromajob43(vary)greatlyfrompersontoperson.Forsome,thechancesofpromotionmake44bigdifference.Forothers,workingina(n)45(create)environmentwithotherpeoplemakesthemhappierthantheywouldbeworkingalone.When46(plan)yourcareer,youshouldconsideralltheactivities47(involve)inajobanddecidehoweachonesuitsyourpersonality.Ifyou’reconsideringbecomingajournalist,forexample,doyou48(actual)likemeetingmembersofthepublic?Ifyou’rethinking49becominganaccountant,doyouenjoydetailedworkwithnumbers?Justbecauseonejobis50(well)paidthananother,itdoesn’tmeanit’stherightjobforyou.五、根据中英文提示填写单词51．TheSouthAfricanyearswerehismostc___________(有创造力的)period.(根据中英文提示填空)52．Snakeswillonlya___________(攻击)ifyoudisturbthem.(根据中英文提示填空)53．Theyarealreadyf___________(熟悉的)facesonourTVscreens.(根据中英文提示填空)54．Awealthymancametotheirrescuewithag___________(慷慨的)donation.(根据中英文提示填空)55．Thesuccessbroughttheoldmangreats___________(满足).(根据中英文提示填空)56．Farmersareextremelybusyduringtheh___________(收获季节).(根据中英文提示填空)57．Shewonas___________(奖学金)tostudyatStanford.(根据中英文提示填空)58．Shebrokeapieceofc___________(瓷器).(根据中英文提示填空)59．Hisknowledgeofthesubjectisl___________(有限的).(根据中英文提示填空)60．Ididn’th___________(犹豫)foramomentabouttakingthejob.(根据中英文提示填空)六、根据所给汉语提示填空61．Ourteachersare___________(值班)everydaytohelpstudentssolvetheirimmediateproblems.(根据汉语提示完成句子)62．ThecatcouldhaveoriginatedinAfricathousandsofyearsago,________(属于)anancientspecies.（根据汉语提示完成句子）63．Learnerdriversmustalsocompletesevenhoursof___________(急救)theory.(根据汉语提示完成句子)64．You’dbetter___________(保持平衡)ofyourdiet.(根据汉语提示完成句子)65．___________(日日夜夜)thepolicemenpacethestreetsintheholidays.(根据汉语提示完成句子)七、其他应用文66．假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter来信想了解中国新农村的相关信息。请你给他回一封邮件，介绍你的家乡新面貌。内容包括：1.路面干净，房子美丽，环境优美；2.更多致富途径，生活水平大大提高；3.更多农民免费看病，免费治疗。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearPeter,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案1．D2．C3．B4．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay（带着女儿上班节）的一些相关信息，以及人们对该节日的看法。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Thepurposeofthisdayistobroadengirls’horizonsandraisetheirself-confidence.(这一天的目的是开阔女孩的视野，提高她们的自信。)”可知，“带着女儿上班节”的目的是扩大女孩的视野，让她们更自信。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Nowthegirlshaveacloselookatwhattheirparentsaredoingandthismayhelpthemtobemoreself-confidentwhentheyarefacedwithachoiceofwork.(现在，女孩们可以近距离观察父母的所作所为，这可能会帮助她们在面临工作选择时更加自信。)”可知，慈善信托基金会主席认为，观察父母的所作所为可以提高女孩的自信心。故选C。3．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句前的“Ilearnedhowtofillinalegalaidform(我学会了如何填写法律援助表格)”及画线词后的“ThenIwenttoseetheactualtrial(然后我去看了真正的审判)”可知，此句中的case是“案件”的意思。B项“警方正在正式调查的一系列情况”与之接近。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayissurelyastepintherightdirection.(“带女儿上班日”无疑是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。)”可推断，作者对“带着女儿上班节”持赞许的态度。故选A。5．B6．B7．D8．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者70岁生日那天，决定在71岁之前参加70项不同的运动，并为之坚持努力。5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lessonlearnt:Perseverancepaysoff.(经验教训：坚持是有回报的)”可知，作者在桨板冲浪中学到的是坚持是有回报的，故选B项。6．词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词上文“However,theoutbreakofCOVID-19shutdownmostofmycity(然而，新冠肺炎的爆发使我所在城市的大部分地区陷入瘫痪)”以及下文“my70-at-70goal(我70-70的目标)”可知，新冠肺炎的爆发使我所在城市的大部分地区陷入瘫痪，对作者的70-70的目标有影响，可推理出划线词含义为“阻碍”，故选B项。7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Onmy70thbirthday,inSeptember2019,Idecidedtoparticipatein70differentsportsbeforeIturned71.Themotivation?Simplytohavesomefun.(2019年9月，在我70岁生日那天，我决定在71岁之前参加70项不同的运动。动机是什么？只是为了找点乐子)”以及最后一段“what’sbetterthantowakeupeachmorningknowingthereisagametoplay?(还有什么比每天早上醒来都知道有运动要参加更好的呢？)”可推理出作者70多岁时的梦想是参加运动，故选D项。8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“AsyoungsterswedreamofplayinginthebigleaguesorparticipatingintheOlympics.Asweage,ourhopesanddreamschange,butoneshouldneverletthemdisappear.Weneedsomethingtolookforwardto(年轻的时候，我们梦想着在大联盟打球或参加奥运会。随着年龄的增长，我们的希望和梦想会改变，但我们永远不应该让它们消失，我们需要一些东西去期待)”可推理出，作者认为一个人无论年龄大小都不能失去希望和梦想，故选D项。9．C10．B11．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些可以帮助人们学习或者提高英语水平的书籍。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Youcanusethepicturestolearnmanynewwordseachday.(你可以每天使用图片学习很多新单词)”可知，OxfordPictureDictionary的独特之处在于其提供了许多帮助学习语言的图片。故选C项。10．细节理解题。根据第三段“Thebookhasmanyinterestingactivitiesandgamesandgivestipsonavoidingspellingerrors.(这本书有许多有趣的活动和游戏，并提供了避免拼写错误的提示)”可知，WordPowerMadeEasy这本书提供了避免拼写错误的方法。故选B项。11．推理判断题。根据第二段“Youcanusethepicturestolearnmanynewwordseachday.(你可以每天使用图片学习很多新单词)”、第三段“Thisusefuldictionaryprovidesoneofthebestwaystolearnover1,000ofthewordswhicharemostcommonlyusedinEnglish.(这本有用的词典提供了学习英语中最常用的1000多个单词的最佳方法之一)”、第四段“IfyouwanttobuildyourEnglishvocabulary,thenthisbookisagoodchoice.(如果你想扩大你的英语词汇量，那么这本书是一个很好的选择)”以及第五段“ThebookisgoodforstudentsoftheEnglishlanguageofalllevelswhowanttohaveawidervocabulary.(这本书对希望掌握更广泛词汇的各级英语学生有好处)”可知，本文主要介绍了可以帮助提高英语词汇量的书籍，由此推测文章是写给想要提高词汇量的人看的。故选D项。12．C13．A14．B15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是印刷术的发展历史。12．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Humanhistoryhasafewcommonthemes,oneofwhichisthewrittenword.Humanshavebeenprintingaswellaswritingsince3,000BC-theAncientEgyptiansaswellastheChineseusedstampslikethoseavailabletodaytoimprintimagesontocloth.WhentheChinesescholarTs’aiLunallegedlymadethefirstpieceofpaperin750AD,printingboostedaswell.(人类历史有几个共同的主题，其中一个就是文字。早在公元前3000年，人类就已经拥有了印刷术和书写技术——古埃及人和中国人都使用类似于今天的邮票将图像印在布料上。当中国学者蔡伦据说在公元750年制造了第一张纸时，印刷术也得到了发展。)”可知作者在引入印刷术的话题之前举了几个古代印刷术技术的例子，所以是通过举例来引入话题的。故选D项。13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“InEurope,bookswereliterallyhandwrittenuntilaroundthe11thcentury.(在欧洲，直到11世纪左右，书籍都是手写的。）”可知11世纪之前欧洲的书籍都是手写的。故选A项。14．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“Asprintingwasexpensive,mostbookswerestillwrittenbyhand.By1507peoplewereexploringtheworldofcolourprinting.(由于印刷费用昂贵，大多数书仍然是手写的。到1507年，人们开始探索彩色印刷的世界。)”以及划线词之后“meaningthatmorebookswerebeingprinted.(这意味着印刷了更多的书。)”可知，印刷机制造成本更低，使用速度更快，这意味着印刷的书籍更多，所以划线词的意思与B项make的意思相近。故选B项。15．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了印刷术的发展历史，属于科学技术方面的话题，所以文章最有可能出自科学杂志。故选D项。16．G17．E18．F19．B20．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是几种有效避免冲突的方法。16．空前说“Itisnecessarytobereasonableandflexibleenoughtoavoidconflictsasmuchaspossibleandliveinpeacewithothers.(要有足够的理性和灵活性，尽量避免冲突，与他人和平相处)”可知，本句应说为什么要避免冲突，G选项“争吵要么会破坏你们的友谊，要么会在某种程度上影响你们的关系”说明了为什么要避免冲突或争吵，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。17．空前说“Sometimespeoplecangetinthecenterofconflictsduetotheirenthusiasmforofferinghelp.Franklyspeaking,itisveryunwise,becauseitcanmakeyouthemainfigureoftheconflict.(有时人们会因为提供帮助的热情而陷入冲突的中心。坦率地说，这是非常不明智的，因为它会使你成为冲突的主角)”可知，空格处应说正确的做法是什么，E选项“让别人在你不在场的情况下解决他们的问题”说明了正确的做法，也和后文的“Youshouldfocusonyourownlifeissues.(你应该关注自己的生活问题)”相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。18．本段小标题是“Bekind.(善良)”以及后文“Lifeisfullofconflictsanddisagreements,andthat’swhyyoushouldfindmoreconservative(保守的)waysofdealingwiththem.Forexample,kindnesscanlessentheconflict.(生活充满了冲突和分歧，这就是为什么你应该找到更保守的方法来处理它们保守的。例如，善良可以减少冲突)”可知，本段的建议是善待他人，故F选项“当有人把你逼到极限时，试着善待这个人”说明了要善良，对人好，和小标题相符合，故选F。19．空前说“Peacekeeperstendtocooperatewithpeoplewithoutbademotionswhichusuallyleadtoargumentsandevenconflicts.(维和人员倾向于与人合作，不带不良情绪，这通常会导致争吵甚至冲突。)”，由空后的“Thissaying(这句话)”可知，空格处是一句俗语，故B选项“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的仗”说明了不和人争论就是胜利，和空前内容相符，故选B。20．根据本段内容“Whentheconflictisgatheringpaceandyoucan’tmanagetocontrolyourself,youshouldchoosetohandlethesituationinanotherway.Byallmeans,trytokeepyourselfawayfromstress.Itishelpfultoputsomedistancebetweenyourselfandtheopponent(对手).Youshouldgetawayfromthesituationforawhile.(当冲突愈演愈烈而你又无法控制自己时，你应该选择用另一种方式来处理这种情况。无论如何，试着让自己远离压力。在你和对手之间保持一定距离是有帮助的。你应该暂时离开这种情况)”可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手，A选项“走开”符合语境，故选A。21．A22．C23．B24．B25．D26．D27．A28．C29．C30．A31．B32．D33．C34．A35．D36．A37．C38．B39．B40．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了英国的一个小岛使用牧羊犬来保护小企鹅免受欧洲红狐的伤害，该尝试取得了良好的效果。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于小企鹅来说，Middle岛是一个危险的地方。A.dangerous危险的；B.comfortable舒适的；C.poisonous有毒的；D.healthy健康的。根据语境和后文“bythelate90‘sthatnumberhadhalved”“Thefoxesdidgreatdamagetotheisland.”可知，对小企鹅而言，这个岛是危险的。故选A项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：30年前，这里是成千上万只企鹅的家园，但到90年代末，企鹅的数量减少了一半，到2005年只剩下四只企鹅了。A.killed杀害；B.fed喂养；C.left留下，剩余；D.born出生。根据前文“bythelate90‘sthatnumberhadhalved”可知，该岛上小企鹅的数量一直在减少，到了最后，只剩下4只。故选C项。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在低潮时，容易使一个物种引进，欧洲赤狐进入Middle岛，这带来了可怕的后果。A.fierce凶猛的；B.low低的；C.high高的；D.common普遍的。根据常识和后文“MiddleIslandbecomesaccessibletoanintroducedspecies,theEuropeanredfox”可知，在低潮时，陆地动物容易上岛。故选B项。24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在低潮时，容易使一个物种引进，欧洲赤狐进入Middle岛，这带来了可怕的后果。A.diseases疾病；B.consequences后果；C.attitudes态度；D.friends朋友。根据后文“Thefoxesdidgreatdamagetotheisland.”可知，这带来了可怕的后果。故选B项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当地养鸡农民AlanMarsh建议，应该用牧羊犬来保护企鹅。A.ordered命令；B.designed设计；C.dreamed梦想；D.suggested建议，暗示。根据后文“Thewholeidea”以及“TheWarrnamboolCityCouncil11theidea”等内容可知，这是Marsh的建议。故选D项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当地养鸡农民AlanMarsh建议，应该用牧羊犬来保护企鹅。A.count计数；B.find发现；C.encourage鼓励；D.protect保护。基于前文的分析可知，岛上的企鹅遭到狐狸的伤害。根据前文“sheepdogsshouldbeused”可知，使用牧羊犬的目的是保护小企鹅。故选D项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个想法是采取一种农业实践，让狗保护你的农场动物，因此把狗送到企鹅定居的岛屿上，那里的企鹅经常受到狐狸的攻击。A.sending发送；B.selling卖；C.inviting邀请；D.cheating欺骗。根据语境和前文“sheepdogsshouldbeusedto6thepenguins”可知，要让狗保护企鹅，需要把狗送到岛上。故选A项。28．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：整个想法是采取一种农业实践，让狗保护你的农场动物，因此把狗送到企鹅定居的岛屿上，那里的企鹅经常受到狐狸的攻击。A.diedout灭绝；B.setup设置；C.settleddown安定下来；D.swamacross游过。根据前文“sheepdogsshouldbeusedto6thepenguins”可知，需要把狗送到企鹅定居的岛屿上。故选C项。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个想法是采取一种农业实践，让狗保护你的农场动物，然后把狗送到企鹅定居的岛屿上，那里的企鹅经常受到狐狸的攻击。A.assisted帮助；B.recognized认出；C.attacked攻击；D.influenced影响。基于前文的分析可知，由于狐狸的入侵伤害，企鹅的数量急剧减少。根据后文“byfoxes”可知，那里的企鹅经常受到狐狸的攻击。故选C项。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：牧羊犬和它们生活在一起，构建了社会联系。A.forming构成；B.increasing增加；C.quitting退出；D.continuing继续。根据前文“Sheepdogshavebeenprotectinganimalsforcenturies.”可知，牧羊犬和动物们建立了社会联系。故选A项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瓦南布尔市议会批准了这个想法，在为期一个月的试验中，Marsh和他的牧羊犬Oddball在岛上度过了第一周。A.refused拒绝；B.approved批准，同意；C.ignored忽视；D.bought买。根据后文“Marshstayedonthe12withhissheepdog,Oddball,forthefirstweekduringthemonth-long13.”以及“Itisnowabout180littlepenguinsreturningtoMiddleIsland.”可知，市议会批准了这个想法。故选B项。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：瓦南布尔市议会批准了这个想法，在为期一个月的试验中，Marsh和他的牧羊犬Oddball在岛上度过了第一周。A.city城市；B.village村庄；C.court法院；D.island岛屿。根据前文“then7themtotheislandwherethepenguins8”可知，他和自己的牧羊犬一起上岛。故选D项。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：瓦南布尔市议会批准了这个想法，在为期一个月的试验中，Marsh和他的牧羊犬Oddball在岛上度过了第一周。A.rescue救援；B.holiday假期；C.trial试验；D.judgment判断。根据语境和前文“TheWarrnamboolCityCouncil11theidea”以及“forthefirstweek”可知，他开始对这个想法进行尝试。故选C项。34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这完全符合我的预期。A.exactly确切地，完全正确地；B.differently不同地；C.generally一般地；D.usually通常地。根据后文“Itisnowabout180littlepenguinsreturningtoMiddleIsland.”可知，这完全符合他的预期。故选A项。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：狗的出现阻止了狐狸到岛上来。A.bark吠声；B.shadow阴影；C.wildness野性；D.presence出现，存在。根据后文“Itisnowabout180littlepenguinsreturningtoMiddleIsland.”可知，狗的出现阻止了狐狸到岛上来，企鹅得到保护。故选D项。36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：狗的存在阻止了狐狸到达岛上。A.reaching到达；B.seeing看见；C.digging挖掘；D.destroying破坏。根据后文“Itisnowabout180littlepenguinsreturningtoMiddleIsland.”可知，狗的出现阻止了狐狸到岛上来，企鹅得到保护。故选A项。37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，该项目一直在进行，岛上的企鹅数量继续攀升。A.throwing扔，投；B.stopping停止；C.running跑，运行；D.showing出示。根据后文“Itisnowabout180littlepenguinsreturningtoMiddleIsland.”可知，该项目一直在运行，并产生效果。故选C项。38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，该项目一直在进行，岛上的企鹅数量继续攀升。A.double加倍；B.climb爬升，上升；C.decrease减少；D.change改变。根据后文“Itisnowabout180littlepenguinsreturningtoMiddleIsland.”可知，岛上的企鹅数量继续攀升。故选B项。39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当狗在岛上的时候，岛上就没有狐狸。A.birds鸟；B.foxes狐狸；C.wolves狼；D.hunters猎人。基于前文的分析可知，狗的出现阻止了狐狸到岛上来，所以狗在岛上，狐狸就不敢来了。故选B项。40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太棒了!A.familiar熟悉的；B.traditional传统的；C.frightening令人恐惧的；D.fantastic极好的，好极了。根据前文“Whenthedogshavebeenontheisland,therehasbeenno19ontheisland.”可知，由于狗的作用，没有狐狸，企鹅得到了保护，所以说太棒了。.故选D项。41．what42．are43．varies44．a45．creative46．planni