湖南省高一下学期期末考试英语试卷带答案解析

第第页湖南省高一下学期期末考试英语试卷(带答案解析）（满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解DiscoverNatureSchoolsprogramsBecomingBears(Kindergarten-2grade)Bybecomingbabybears,childrenlearnfromtheir“parent”tosurvivetheseasons.Kidswillfindsafetyinthespringandlearnkindsoffoodbearseatduringthesummer,andthencreateacaveforwinterhibernation(冬眠).Afterlearningtheskillsneededtosurvive,studentswillgooutofthecaveasanindependentblackbearabletocareforthemselves.(1.5-2hours)WhoseClues?(3-5grade)Kidswilldiscoverhowplantsandanimalsusetheirspecialstructurestosurvive.Throughoutdoorstudyofplantsandanimals,kidswillrecognizetheirspecialstructuresandlearnhowtheyenablespeciestoeat,avoidtheirenemiesandsurvive.Usingwhattheyhavelearned,kidswillchooseonespeciesandtellhowtheysurviveintheirlivingplaces.(3-4hours)WingedWonders(3-5grade)Birdsaddcolorandsoundtoourworldandplayanimportantecological(生态的)role.Studentswilllearnthebasicsofbirds,understandtherolebirdsplayinfoodchainsandgobirdwatchingusingfieldguidesandtelescopes.Studentswilldohands-onactivities.Studentswillusetoolstobuildbirdfeeders,allowingthemtoattractbirdsathome.(3-4hours)ExploringYourWatershed(6-8grade)Wealldependoncleanwater.Examininghowouractionsshapethewaterwaysaroundus.Goonahiketoseefirst-handsomeofthechallengingwaterqualityproblemsinacity.Studentswilltestthewaterqualitytodeterminethehealthofanecosystem.●Eachprogramistaughtforaclasswithatleast10students.●Allprogramsincludeplentyoftimeoutdoors.Sopleaseprepareproperclothing,sunscreenandinsectkillersforchildren.●Totakepartinaprogram,pleaseemaildcprograms@.1．WhatcankidsdoatBecomingBears?A．Watchbears’performances.B．TakecareofbearsC．Learnhowtosurviveabearattack.D．Pretendtobebabybearstolearnaboutbears.2．Kidswhoareinterestedinplantswillchoose______________.A．WhoseClues? B．ExploringyourWatershedC．BecomingBears D．WingedWonders3．Accordingtothepassage,allthefourprograms_____________.A．havethesameteachinghours B．haveoutdooractivitiesC．areofferedduringsummerholidays D．aredesignedforprimaryschoolstudentsIcametotheUnitedStatestenyearsago.IwouldalwayssaythatIwastryingtostudy,buttherewerealwaysthingslikeworkandmykidsthatwouldnotallowmetostart.NowIrealizedthatthosewereonlyexcuses.WhatstoppedmewasthatIwasafraidtostartstudyingagain.IalwaysbelievedIwouldlearnbymyself.Oneday,however,mysontoldmethathewassadbecausehisfriendswouldcomeoverandIdidn’tunderstandthembecauseIdidn’tspeakEnglish.HewasalsosadbecauseIcouldneverhelphimwithhishomework.Thatsameday,Itoldmyself,“Rocio,youhavetostartbelievinginyourselfandyouwillseeyoucanmakeit.”Thenextday,Iwentdowntowntolookforabigbanner(横幅)infrontoftheschoolwhichsaidthattheyofferedclassesforadults.IcameintoseeifIcouldjoin,buttheclasseswereclosedalready.ThatnightItookthekidstothemovies,andonthewayback,Itoldthemwewouldtakeanewroute.Iendedupgettinglost.That’sthewayIfoundChaffeyCollege.ThefollowingMonday,Iwenttoaskforinformation.Theytoldmethatsummerschoolwasstartingthatweek.That’showIstartedstudyingEnglishlastsummer.Itisdifficult,butIhavehadgreatrewards.Mydaughterhadwrittenastoryforschool.Itwasaboutthefemaletheymostadmiredandwhy.ShewrotethatIwasthepersonshemostadmiredbecauseIhadstartedgoingtocollege.Iwillneverforgetthis.4．Accordingtothepassage,theauthorprobablyisa________.A．teacher B．doctor C．father D．mother5．WhatmadetheauthormakeuphermindtostudyEnglish?A．Whathersonsaid.B．Whatherdaughtersaid.C．Thinkingaboutherself.D．Thinkingaboutherdaughter.6．HowdidtheyfindChaffeyCollege?A．Onthewaytothemovies.B．Theytookanewrouteandgotlost.C．Askastrangerforinformation.D．Accordingtothebanner.7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．TheauthorcametotheUnitedStatesfromanothercountry.B．Theauthorhadtwochildrenincludingonedaughter.C．Whatreallychangedtheauthor’slifewasthatshebelievedinherself.D．Theauthorwrotethatshewasthepersonhersonmostadmired.Haveyoueverwonderedifyouseethesamecoloursasotherpeople?Mostpeopleknowwhatblueiswhentheyseeit.Theycallit"blue”becausetheyweretaughtthewordandconnecteditwithwhattheysaw.Buthowdoyouknowwhatyouseeasblueisn’tsomeoneelsesred?Theabilitytoperceive(感知)differentcoloursisuptoreceptors(接受器)inoureyes.Lightwaveshitthesereceptorsandtheyreactdependingonwhichcolourthelightis,sendingsignalstothebrain.Thebrainthenreadsthesesignalstodeterminewhichcolourlighttheeyesarereceiving.Somepeople’sreceptorsaremoredevelopedthanothers.Theinabilityofthereceptortofeelthelightwavescorrectlymeansthatsomepeoplecannottellthedifferencesbetweensimilarcolours.Thosewithmoredevelopedreceptorscanseemorecolours.Wesometimeshearpeoplehavinganargumentaboutwhethersomethingisdarkblueorblack.Itmightbebecauseonepersonhasstrongerreceptorstofeelthelightthananother.Inthepast,mostscientistswouldarguethateveryonesawcoloursinthesameway.However,researchwasconductedonmonkeys,inwhichtheirreceptorswerechanged.Thisenabledthemtoseemorecoloursthanusual.Normallymonkeyscanonlyseeblueandgreen,butthechangeallowedthemtoseered.Theirbrainsautomatically(自动地)gotusedtonewcolours.Thissuggeststhatourbrainsmayadaptdependingonourstimulus(刺激)andfindnewcolorsofthethingswesee.Colourscouldbeaverypersonalexperience,uniquetoeveryone.So,thenexttimeyoutalkaboutyourfavouritecolour,justrememberifyoursisblueandyourfriendsaysred,youtwomightactuallybethinkingaboutthesamecolour.Whatifeveryoneintheworldhasthesamefavouritecolour,butjustcallsitdifferentnames?8．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Howweperceivecolours.B．Theinabilitytoseecolours.C．Whatthebraindoeswithsignals.D．Theconnectionbetweenreceptorsandlightwaves.9．Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Somepeoplecannotfeelcolourswiththeirdevelopedreceptors.B．Themorelightpeoplefeel,theweakerreceptorstheyhave.C．Peoplewithpoorreceptorsusuallyhavecolourweakness.D．Peoplewhohavestrongreceptorscanseedarkblue.10．What’sthepurposeofconductingtheresearchonmonkeys?A．Totestthemonkeyswithcolours.B．Todevelopthereceptorsofhumans.C．Toenablemonkeystofindmorecolors.D．Toproveeveryoneseescoloursinadifferentway.11．Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Afilmreview. B．Asciencemagazine.C．Anartmagazine. D．Abusinessnewspaper.Asteenagersgrowup,itcanbeeasyforsometoformbadhabits.Topreventharmfulhabitsfromdominatingateenager’slifeisnecessary.Theymustlearntorecognizebadhabitsearlyandmakeproperchanges.Tochangebadhabitsisn’teasy,evenwithmanytries.Accordingtomodernpsychology(心理学)，wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”，whichworkslikethis:Firstly,thereisa“cue”,anaction,event,orsituationthatactsasasignaltodosomething.Secondly,thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.Thirdly,thereisthe“reward”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.Forexample,whenwefeelunhappy(cue),weeatlotsofunhealthysnacks(routine)whichmakesusfeelhappy(reward).Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitofdependingonunhealthysnacksisformed.Tohelpapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstcheckourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.Wecandothisbyapplyinghabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.So,whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue),ratherthaneatsnacks,wecouldlistentosomefavouritemusicinstead(routine),whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward).Besideschangingbadhabits,wecanalsousethehabitcycletocreategoodhabits.Forexample,whenwecometoalift(cue),ournormalroutineistorideit,butwecouldchangethisroutineintosomethingmorepositivebytakingthestairsinstead.Althoughchangingbadhabitstakestime,yetbyshowingsomeself-controlandtakingmanysmallstepsrepeatedlywewillbuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits!12．Whichwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“dominating”inparagraph1?A．Benefiting.B．Controlling.C．Valuing.D．Recollecting.13．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．How“habitcycle”works.B．Why“habitcycle”shouldbecarriedout.C．Whatbenefits“habitcycle”canbringtous.D．Whenandwhere“habitcycle”shouldbeused.14．Howcanwechangingourbadhabits?A．Byputtingourownpositiveideasintohabitcycles.B．Bycheckingourbadhabitcyclesandgettingusedtothem.C．Bylisteningtosomefavouritemusicandrelaxingourselves.D．Byreplacingapositiveroutinewithsomethingmorenegatives.15．Whichistherightroutineinthehabitcyclewhenyoufeelstressedandwanttogetenergetic?A．Eatingmuchjunkfood.B．Stayinguptowatchfootballmatches.C．Playingbasketballwithfriends.D．Playingcomputergamesforalongtime.二、五选五Lastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.Ourquestionswereaboutexercise,useoftheInternetandwatchingTV.16Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.Forty-fivepercentexercisefourtosixtimesaweek.Twentypercentexerciseonlyonetothreetimesaweek.17Weallknowthatmanystudentsoftengoonline,butweweresurprisedthatninetypercentofthemusetheInterneteveryday.Theothertenpercentuseitatleastthreeorfourtimesaweek.Moststudentsuseitforfunandnotforhomework.18OnlytwopercentofthestudentswatchTVonetothreetimesaweek.ThirteenpercentwatchTVfourtosixtimesaweek.Andeighty-fivepercentwatchTVeveryday!Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopular.ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,19Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.Exercisesuchasplayingsportsisfun,andyoucanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Andremember,“Oldhabitsdiehard.”20A．Sostartexercisingbeforeit’stoolate!B．Andtwentypercentdonotexerciseatall.C．butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.D．Herearetheresults.E．Theanswerstoourquestionsaboutwatchingtelevisionwerealsointeresting.三、单项选择21．—Tom,didyoueversee_____bookthatIboughtwithyoulastweek?—No,butDadsaw____bookunderthebedthismorning.I’mnotsureifitisthatbook.A．a,the B．the,the C．the,a22．Mike’sideasarealwaysdifferentfrom_____,andweallliketoaskhimforadvice.A．us B．we C．our D．ours23．I’mfeelingmuchbetternowsoyou________callthedoctor.A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．can’t D．needn’t24．—Ourschoolsportsmeet_____nextweek.Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?—Thelongjumpandthehighjump.I’mgoodatjumping.A．holds B．willbeheld C．isholding D．isheld25．Atpresent,heisbusywritingabook_______hecallsthetripofhislife.A．inthat B．onwhat C．inwhich D．inwhat26．—_____Mikeisnow17,heisstilllikealittlechild.—Well,that’sbecausehedependsonhisparentsforalmosteverything.A．Eventhough B．When C．Unless D．If27．When________tosomeone，Iusuallysay，“Pleasedtomeetyou.”A．introduce B．introduced C．introducing D．amintroduced28．—Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?—I'dlike________,butIamtoobusy.A．so B．to C．it D．/29．—Where’sJess?—Sheisinthecomputerroomandwesawher_____researchonline.A．doing B．havingdone C．todo D．did30．_____thenews,hejumpedforjoy.A．Tohear B．Heard C．Hear D．Hearing31．Itisdifficult______abestfriend.A．tofind B．finding C．find D．tobefound32．Theystayedinthecoldforseveralhoursandtheydidn’thaveanything_____.A．eat B．eating C．toeat D．ate33．Theexperiment_____inyourarticleisinteresting.A．mentioned B．tomention C．mentioning D．mention34．Thescientistfoundtheequipmentinthelaboratory_____.A．damage B．damaging C．todamage D．damaged35．________theresistantforce,theydeclaredthattheyhadputarmyincludingadvancedtanksandfighter­planes________.A．Towipeout;instockB．Wipingout;inplaceC．Havingwipedout;instockD．Towipeout;inplace四、完形填空Thisisaboutanincidentwhichtookplaceseveralyearsago.Iusedtovisitanoldagehome36inourcityHyderabadinIndia.ThereI37agentlemannamedKurienwhowasinhislateeighties.HeservedtheIndianarmyand38.Hehadasonwhojustdidnotbothertotakecareofhisown39norrespectedhimwhilehewasinthehouse.Mr.Kuriengot40withthelifeinhishouseanddecidedtomoveintothisoldagehomehere.Webothbegantosharealotof41wheneverwemetandslowlyitwasadailyaffairthatIusedtospendsometimewithhim42whathewasdoinginthearmy,theirdailyschedule,camps,foodetc,whichheusedtosharewith43.Iusedtocarrywithmesomesnacksandeatthemunderatreewithhim.Isawhimreallyveryhappyinmy44.Onedayhetoldmewithtearsinhiseyes,“Ireallyfoundaverygood45inyou.Ifeellikelivingsomemoreyearstospendhappytimewithyou.”Aswe46,Itoldhimnottoworryandthatgodwouldgivehimenoughtimetospendwithme.However,Ihadanofficialmeetingandcouldnotgototheoldagehomethenextday.Thedayafterwhen1reachedthehome,hisroomwas47.Iwastoldhe48theverynightwebothmetlast.Ireallymisshim.Ihavenotgivenhimanything49,exceptthatIusedtolistentohiswordsandsharehisthoughts.Letus50whatwecan.36．A．rarely B．immediately C．frequently D．casually37．A．met B．blamed C．chose D．explored38．A．resigned B．retired C．failed D．escaped39．A．teacher B．student C．mother D．father40．A．excited B．disappointed C．astonished D．satisfied41．A．toys B．clothes C．thoughts D．quarrels42．A．discussing B．discovering C．watching D．punishing43．A．worry B．joy C．fear D．curiosity44．A．existence B．disappearance C．absence D．presence45．A．friend B．neighbour C．stranger D．customer46．A．parted B．argued C．worked D．succeeded47．A．broken B．empty C．crowded D．messy48．A．felldown B．gaveup C．gotlost D．passedaway49．A．cheap B．expensive C．worthwhile D．ordinary50．A．get B．express C．share D．discuss五、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Helpingapersonforgetsomethingisrarelyeasy，especiallyifthe“something”ishurtfulornegative.Usesomesimpletechniquestodistractfromtheissueand51(hope)withtime，thepersonwon'tbeabletoremember52heissupposedtoforget.Removealltheitemsthatmaybringbackthememory.Anysmallobjectscanjoghismemory，socarefullyreplaceanyphotos，diariesoranyother53(person)objectsorpresentswithnewitems.Changethesubjectwheneveryourfriendbringsitup.Don'tdothisin54obviouswaybecausethisisannoying，butdoitwithouthisawarenessofyour55(intend)．Tellsome56(amuse)storiesortalkaboutimportantandhappyeventsinyourfriend'slifesuchasanewnepheworaworkpromotion.Occupyhimwith57(activity)andappointments.Keepinghimtoobusy58(think)aboutthepasthelpshimseeapositivelight.Createafullscheduleandintroducenewthingsandexperiences，suchasacookingclass，whichrequireconcentration.Bepatientandallowtimetogetoverthings.Itwillbeoftenalongtime59yourfriendfullyremovesthatmemory，sodon'tbe60(disappoint)ifitdoesn'thappenimmediately.六、开放性作文61．假定你是李华，你校英语报以“Nooneisbornawinner”这一主题征文。请你根据以下提示写一篇文章投稿。写作要求：1.结合实例说明你的理解；2.你的感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考答案1．D2．A3．B【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了让学生了解和体验大自然的课程的相关信息。1．细节理解题。由BecomingBears中的“Bybecomingbabybears,childrenlearnfromtheir“parent”tosurvivetheseasons.”可知，通过成为熊宝宝，孩子可以从“熊父母”那里学到生存的技能。所以孩子们在BecomingBears能假装成小熊来学习关于熊的一些知识。故D选项正确。2．细节理解题。由WhoseClues?中的“Kidswilldiscoverhowplantsandanimalsusetheirspecialstructurestosurvive”可知，孩子们会发现植物和动物是如何利用它们的特殊结构来生存的。所以对植物感兴趣的孩子会选择WhoseClues。故A选项正确。3．细节理解题。由BecomingBears中的“studentswillgooutofthecaveasanindependentblackbearabletocareforthemselves”.WhoseClues中的“Throughoutdoorstudyofplantsandanimals”.WingedWonders中的“gobirdwatchingusingfieldguidesandtelescopes.”和ExploringYourWatershed中的“Allprogramsincludeplentyoftimeoutdoors”可知，学生们将作为一只能够照顾自己的独立的黑熊走出洞穴。通过对植物和动物的户外研究。并使用野外指南和望远镜观察鸟类。所有项目都包括大量的户外活动。所以根据这篇文章，四个项目都有户外活动。故B选项正确。4．D5．A6．B7．D【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和孩子们一起在美国生活和学习的故事。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mydaughterhadwrittenastoryforschool.Itwasaboutthefemaletheymostadmiredandwhy.ShewrotethatIwasthepersonshemostadmiredbecauseIhadstartedgoingtocollege.(我女儿为学校写了一个故事。这是关于他们最崇拜的女性以及为什么。她写道，我是她最钦佩的人，因为我已经开始上大学了。)”可知，作者是一位母亲。故选D。5．推理判断题。根据第三段“Oneday,however,mysontoldmethathewassadbecausehisfriendswouldcomeoverandIdidn’tunderstandthembecauseIdidn’tspeakEnglish.HewasalsosadbecauseIcouldneverhelphimwithhishomework.Thatsameday,Itoldmyself,“Rocio,youhavetostartbelievinginyourselfandyouwillseeyoucanmakeit.”(然而，有一天，我儿子告诉我，他很难过，因为他的朋友会来，而我不理解他们，因为我不会说英语。他也很难过，因为我永远无法帮助他做作业。同一天，我告诉自己，“罗西奥，你必须开始相信自己，你会看到你能成功的。”)”可知，作者开始学习英语是因为她儿子说的话。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据第四段“ThatnightItookthekidstothemovies,andonthewayback,Itoldthemwewouldtakeanewroute.Iendedupgettinglost.That’sthewayIfoundChaffeyCollege.(那天晚上，我带孩子们去看电影，在回来的路上，我告诉他们我们要走一条新的路。我最终迷路了。我就是这样找到查菲学院的。)”可知，作者带孩子们回家的路上迷路了，意外碰到了查菲学院。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Mydaughterhadwrittenastoryforschool.Itwasaboutthefemaletheymostadmiredandwhy.ShewrotethatIwasthepersonshemostadmiredbecauseIhadstartedgoingtocollege.(我女儿为学校写了一个故事。这是关于他们最崇拜的女性以及为什么。她写道，我是她最钦佩的人，因为我已经开始上大学了。)”可知，作者是她女儿最钦佩的人。故选D。8．A9．C10．D11．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人眼分辨颜色背后的科学。8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Theabilitytoperceive(感知)differentcoloursisuptoreceptors(接受器)inoureyes.Lightwaveshitthesereceptorsandtheyreactdependingonwhichcolourthelightis,sendingsignalstothebrain.Thebrainthenreadsthesesignalstodeterminewhichcolourlighttheeyesarereceiving(感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器。光波击中这些感受器，感受器根据光的颜色做出反应，向大脑发送信号。然后大脑读取这些信号，以确定眼睛接收到的是哪种颜色的光)”可知本段主要讲我们如何感知不同的颜色。故选A。9．推理判断题。根据第四段“Thosewithmoredevelopedreceptorscanseemorecolours.(接受器更发达的人能看到更多的颜色)”可知，接受器发达的人能看见更多的颜色，由此可推知接受器不发达的人看到的颜色少，可能存在辨别色彩的障碍。故选C。10．推理判断题。根据第五段“Inthepast,mostscientistswouldarguethateveryonesawcoloursinthesameway.(在过去，大多数科学家会认为每个人看到颜色的方式都是一样的)”及后面的转折“However,researchwasconductedonmonkeys,inwhichtheirreceptorswerechanged.Thisenabledthemtoseemorecoloursthanusual.Normallymonkeyscanonlyseeblueandgreen,butthechangeallowedthemtoseered.(然而，在猴子身上进行的研究发现，它们的接受器发生了变化。这使他们能比平时看到更多的颜色。通常猴子只能看到蓝色和绿色，但这种变化让它们看到了红色)”可知，前后意思是相反的，即：对猴子进行研究的目的是证明每个人看颜色的方式不一样。故选D。11．推理判断题。本文第一段以一个例子发问引出接下来文章要讨论的主题，故第二段首句“Theabilitytoperceive（感知）differentcoloursisuptoreceptors（接受器）inoureyes.(感知不同颜色的能力取决于我们眼睛里的感受器)”是本文主题，主要讲感知色彩和眼中接收器的关系，故本篇文章可能出现在科普杂志上。故选B。12．B13．A14．A15．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了青少年改变坏习惯的方法。12．词句猜测题。根据上文“Asteenagersgrowup,itcanbeeasyforsometoformbadhabits.”（随着青少年的成长，有些人很容易养成坏习惯）以及“Topreventharmfulhabitsfromdominatingateenager’slifeisnecessary.”（为了防止有害的习惯dominating青少年的生活是必要的）可知，为了防止有害的习惯支配青少年的生活是必要的。故划线词的意思是“支配，控制”。故选B项。13．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Accordingtomodernpsychology(心理学)，wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”，whichworkslikethis：”（我们必须首先了解“习惯周期”，它是这样工作的）以及第二段的具体说明可知，第二段主要是关于“习惯周期”是如何运作的。故选A项。14．细节理解题。根据第三段“Tohelpapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstcheckourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.Wecandothisbyapplyinghabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.”（为了帮助我们积极改变坏习惯，我们必须首先检查我们的坏习惯周期，然后尝试适应它们。我们可以通过将习惯周期与我们自己的积极想法相结合来做到这一点。）可知，通过将我们自己的积极想法融入习惯周期可以改变我们的坏习惯。故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据第三段“Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.So,whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue),ratherthaneatsnacks,wecouldlistentosomefavouritemusicinstead(routine),whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward).”（例如，我们可以尝试用更积极的东西来代替消极的常规。因此，当我们再次感到不开心时（暗示），而不是吃零食，我们可以听一些喜欢的音乐来代替（常规），这会让我们感到放松（奖励）。）由此判断出，当你感到压力并想要精力充沛时，和朋友一起打篮球是正确的做法。故选C项。16．D17．B18．E19．C20．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上个月，问了学生们关于业余活动、锻炼、使用互联网及看电视的情况，详细的介绍了调查的结果。16．根据前文“Lastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.Ourquestionswereaboutexercise,useoftheInternetandwatchingTV.”（上个月我们询问了学生们的业余活动。我们的问题是关于锻炼、上网和看电视的。）所以接下来的内容应该阐述的是此调查情况的结果。选项D“这是（调查的）结果。”承接上文，符合题意，故选D。17．根据前文“Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.Forty-fivepercentexercisefourtosixtimesaweek.Twentypercentexerciseonlyonetothreetimesaweek.”（我们发现只有15%的学生每天锻炼。百分之四十五的人每周锻炼四到六次。百分之二十的人一周只锻炼一到三次。）可知，此处阐述的是锻炼情况所占的百分比，因而空处应该讲述其余的25%的人情况。选项B“百分之二十的人根本不运动。”符合题意，故选B。18．根据后句“OnlytwopercentofthestudentswatchTVonetothreetimesaweek.”（只有2%的学生每周看一到三次电视。）讲述了学生看电视的情况。所以作为前句，应该陈述关于看电视的问题。选项E“我们关于看电视的问题的答案也很有趣。”，符合题意，故选E。19．根据后句“Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.”（这对身心都有好处。）可知空处应该具体阐述什么对身心是有好处的。选项C“但我们认为最好的放松方式是运动。”，逻辑上是对下文的提示，符合题意，故选C。20．根据前文“youcanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Andremember,“Oldhabitsdiehard.””（你可以和你的朋友和家人一起玩，记住“旧习难改”）可知，此处讲述了要抓紧锻炼。所以空白处应承接前文，描述要趁早锻炼。选项A“所以趁现在还来得及，开始锻炼吧！”符合题意，故选A。21．C【详解】考查冠词。句意：——汤姆，你看见我上周与你一起买的那本书了吗？——没有，但是爸爸今天上午在床下看到过一本书，我不确定是否是那本书。根据下文的thatIboughtwithyoulastweek可知，第一空指说话双方都知道的一本书，用定冠词；根据下文“我不确定是否是那本书”可推断，爸爸看到的书泛指“任何一本书”用不定冠词修饰。故选C。22．D【详解】考查名词性物主代词。句意：迈克的想法总是与我们的不同，我们都喜欢向他征求意见。为避免重复使用名词，有时可用名词性物主代词来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式，即空处指代ourideas“我们的观点”；第一人称复数名词性物主代词用ours，故选D项。23．D【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我现在感觉好多了，所以你不必叫医生。A.couldn’t不可能；B.wouldn’t不会；C.can’t不能；D.needn’t不必。根据句中“I’mfeelingmuchbetternow”可知，我现在感觉好多了，由此可知，不必叫医生了。故选D项。24．B【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——我们学校下周将举行运动会。你想参加哪项运动？——跳远和跳高。我擅长跳跃运动。由时间状语nextweek可知，事情发生在将来，所以设空处对应时态应为一般将来时。因为sportsmeet和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以此处hold应用被动语态。故选B项。25．B【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：目前，他正忙着写一本关于他所谓的人生之旅的书。分析句子结构，介词on意为“关于”，后面需加宾语从句，call后面缺少宾语，需用连接代词what引导。故选B。26．A【详解】考查连词。句意：——尽管麦克现在17岁了，可是他仍然像个小孩。——是的，那是因为他什么事情都依赖父母。A.Eventhough尽管，即使；B.When当……的时候；C.Unless除非；D.If假如。由句意可知，前半句说的是麦克17岁了，后半句却说他还像个小孩。前后句是转折关系，所以用连词eventhough引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，即使”。故选A项。27．B【详解】考查过去分词和省略。句意：当我被介绍给别人时，我通常会说：“很高兴认识你。分析句子结构可知，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，原句是WhenIamintroducedtosomeone，这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be同时省略，所以空处需用过去分词introduced。故选B。28．B【详解】考查省略句。句意：——你今晚想去看电影吗？——我很想去，但我太忙了。由句意可知，回答一方“想去看电影”，答句为“I'dliketogotothecinematonight”，省略gotothecinematonight，不可省略to。故选B项。29．A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——杰斯在哪里？——她现在在电脑室，我们看到她在做线上研究。结合语意，她现在在电脑室，她在做研究这件事情发生在现在，所以此处应用现在分词形式doing，表示正在进行，充当宾语补足语。故选A项。30．D【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个消息，他高兴得跳了起来。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词为jumped，此处空格的动词为非谓语，动词hear与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，需用现在分词作状语，表伴随。故选D项。31．A【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：找到一个好朋友很难。Itisadjforsbtodo为固定句型，it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故选A项。32．C【详解】考查动词不定式作后置定语。句意：他们在寒冷中呆了几个小时，没有任何吃的动词。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“可以吃的”，故选C。33．A【详解】考查过去分词。句意：你文章里提到的实验很有趣。动词mention意为“提及”，和系动词之间没有连词，根据“inyourarticle”可知，和主语experiment构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故选A。34．D【详解】考查过去分词。句意：科学家发现实验室里的设备损坏了。分析句子可知，空处填非谓语动词，theequipmentinthelaboratory与damage在逻辑上是动宾关系，表示被动，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选D项。35．D【详解】考查非谓语动词和介词短语辨析。句意：为了消灭敌对势力，他们宣布包括先进的坦克和战斗机在内的部队已经准备就绪。根据句意可知，这里表示“目的”，表目的用动词不定式，排除B、C；instock有现货；inplace在对的位置，适当的，准备就绪；put...inplace准备就绪，故选D项。36．C37．A38．B39．D40．B41．C42．A43．B44．D45．A46．A47．B48．D49．C50．C【分析】本文是记叙文。主要叙述了作者在拜访一家老年人之家时，遇到了一个老人。作者和老人一起分享思想，互相聆听彼此的想法的故事。36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我过去常常去拜访在印度海得拉巴市的一家老年人之家。A.rarely很少；B.immediately立即；C.frequently经常地；D.casually随意地。根据上文的“usedto(过去常常)”并结合下文作者与老人经常分享一些想法可知，作者经常去老年人之家。故选C。37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那儿我遇到了一位名叫Kurien的绅士，他快要九十岁了。A.met相遇；B.blame责备；C.chose选择；D.explored探索。根据上文“Iusedtovisitanoldagehome”和There可推断，作者在去老年人之家的时候，遇到了一位年近90的绅士。故选A。38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在印度军队服过役，退休了。A.resigned辞职；B.retired退休；C.failed失败；D.escaped逃跑。根据上文“agentlemannamedKurienwhowasinhislateeighties”可知，年近90岁了，理应是退休了。故选B。39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有一个儿子，当他在家里的时候，儿子既不愿意照顾自己的父亲，也不尊重他。A.teacher教师；B.student学生；C.mother母亲；D.father父亲。根据上文“Hehadason”以及who引导定语从句修饰son可知，儿子既不愿意照顾自己的老父亲也不尊重父亲。此处说的是这位老人。故选D。40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kurien先生对家里的生活感到失望，决定搬到海得拉巴的这个老年人之家。A.excited激动的；B.disappointed失望的；C.astonished惊奇的；D.satisfied满意的。根据上一句“Hehadasonwhojustdidnotbothertotakecareofhisown4norrespectedhimwhilehewasinthehouse.”可知，他儿子对他不好，因此他应该是很失望。故选B。41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我们见面时，我们都开始分享很多想法，慢慢地，这变成了一种惯例，我会花一些时间和他讨论他在军队里做什么，他们的日常日程安排，营地，食物等等，他总是很高兴地分享这些。A.toys玩具；B.clothes衣服；C.thoughts思想；想法；D.quarrels争吵。根据倒数第二段的“Iusedtolistentohiswordsandsharehisthoughts”可知，作者与这位老人经常分享一些想法。故选C。42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我们见面时，我们都开始分享很多想法，慢慢地，这变成了一种惯例，我会花一些时间和他讨论他在军队里做什么，他们的日常日程安排，营地，食物等等，他总是很高兴地分享这些。A.discussing讨论；B.discovering发现；C.watching观看；D.punishing惩罚。根据上文“Webothbegantosharealotof6wheneverwemet”和下文“exceptthatIusedtolistentohiswordsandsharehisthoughts”可推断，作者和老人见面时，二人分享想法，作者经常和老人讨论老人喜欢分享的他在军队里的一些事情。故选A。43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我们见面时，我们都开始分享很多想法，慢慢地，这变成了一种惯例，我会花一些时间和他讨论他在军队里做什么，他们的日常日程安排，营地，食物等等，他总是很高兴地分享这些。A.worry担心；B.joy高兴；C.fear恐惧；D.curiosity好奇。由下文的“Isawhimreallyveryhappy”和“Ifeellikelivingsomemoreyearstospendhappytimewithyou.”可知，老人和作者在一起很开兴，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代“whathewasdoinginthearmy,theirdailyschedule,camps,foodetc”，这些应是老人高兴分享的东西。故选B。44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到他在我面前真的非常高兴。A.existence存在；B.disappearance消失；C.absence缺席；D.presence在场、出席。根据上文“Iusedtocarrywithmesomesnacksandeatthemunderatreewithhim.”可知，作者经常陪着老人一起吃东西聊天，因此推断在作者面前老人很高兴。inone’spresence(在某人面前)。故选D。45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天他含泪对我说：“我发现你真是个好朋友，我想再多活几年和你一起度过快乐时光。”A.friend朋友；B.neighbour邻居；C.stranger陌生人；D.customer顾客。根据下文“Ifeellikelivingsomemoreyearstospendhappytimewithyou.”可知，老人觉得作者是很好的朋友。故选A。46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们分开的时候，我告诉他不要担心，上帝会给他足够的时间和我在一起。A.parted分开；分离；B.argued争论；C.worked工作；D.succeeded成功；根据下文“However,Ihadanofficialmeetingandcouldnotgototheoldagehomethenextday.”可推断，作者有一个正式会议，第二天不能去老年人之家，此处应是当我们分开的时候。故选A。47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后天，当我到达老年人之家时，他的房间是空的。A.broken破碎的；B.empty空的；C.crowded拥挤的；D.messy凌乱的。根据下文“Iwastoldhe13thevery