辽宁省大连市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（含解析）

第第页辽宁省大连市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（含解析）辽宁省大连市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

Peopleoftenwonderaboutsomeofthebestplacestosee.AgoodpointofreferenceistofirstlookatattractionslabeledasUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.ThesesitesareculturallyorphysicallysignificantplaceslistedbytheUnitedNationsfortheirimportancetohumanityasawhole.

TheMogaoCaves,China

AlsoknownastheMogaoGrottoes,thecavesarelocatedalongthecliffsideabovetheDaquanRiverinGansuprovince.Firstbuiltin366andcomprising492caves,theMogaoCavesareknownasthebiggestcollectionofBuddhistartintheworld.TheMogaoCaves,vitalsitesonthehistoricSilkRoad,areaperfectdisplayofChinesearthistoryoveraperiodofathousandyears.

RedwoodNationalPark,US

LyinginthemountainousregionnorthofSanFranciscoinCalifornia,US,theRedwoodNationalParkissignificantforitscollectionofredwoodtrees—thetallestandoldesttreesintheworld—aswellasitsvarietyofseaandlandwildlife.Onceabundantthroughoutthemildregionsoftheworld,theRedwoodtreesofCaliforniaareamongtheonlylivingexamplesleftofthisoldplantspecies,abiologicalgroupwhichhasexistedfor160millionyears.

MachuPicchu,Peru

SituatedintheAndesMountains,thisfascinatingancientcityisremarkablebothforitsbeautifulsettingaswellasitsuseofcomplexcityplanning.Standingat2,430metersabovesealevel,thecityofMachuPicchuiscoveredinbothmistandmystery.

1．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom

A．Areport.B．Alecture.

C．Atravelbrochure.D．Atourcommentary.

2．WhichofthefollowingcantheMogaocavesshowus

A．Theylieabovesealevelof2430meters.

B．TheyareofsignificanceontheSilkRoad.

C．Theyarethebestplacestoseevariouswildlife.

D．TheyhaveyettobecomeUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.

3．What’sthesimilarityofthethreeplaces

A．Theyaretouristattractions.B．Theyarelocatedinmildregions.

C．Theypresenttheperfectarthistory.D．Theyarefullofplantandanimalspecies.

ItwasasnowydayduringthespringbreakwhenIwalkedintoagreatrestaurant.Inthisblizzardweather,itwastheonlyrestaurantthatremainedopen.

TherestauranthasalonghistoryinHongKong.Itsowners,thecouple,PeterandMichelle,havebeenrunningtherestaurantsince2023.

“Thingshavechangedalotinthepast30years,”Petersaid.“Chinesestudents20yearsagothoughtthata70-centbowlofricewastooexpensive,butnowa$20mealisacceptable”.HealsosaidthatthenewgenerationofChinesestudentsengagedwithotherstudents,bringingalltheirnon-Chinesefriendstovisittherestaurant.

Petertakesgreatprideinhisowncooking.Hewascuriousabouthowthefoodwasmadeandwhyparticularfoodsorsauceshadspecifictastes.HechosetoservemainlyGuangdongandSichuanfoodattherestaurant,featuringthefamily-styleChinesedimsumorhotpot.

WhenIaskedwhetherhewouldmodifythetasteofthedishestosuitthetasteofmostAmericans,Petersaid,“WearenotlikethoseAmericanChineserestaurants.WeprovidethegenuineChinesetastetoourcustomers,andtheywillloveitbecauseitisdelicious,andtheirtastewillsuitthetasteofourdishes,nottheotherwayaround.”

“IfIhearcomplaintsfrommycustomers,IwillbesoupsetthatIcan’tfallasleepatnight”,hesaid.“Luckilymostofmyfavoritedishesreceivedwideacclaimfrommycustomersandittakesmorethanoneperson’seffort.”

HecompareshimselfwiththecraftsmeninChinawhoareproudofpreservingancientChineseartandwhosemotivationisonlyonpeople’senjoymentoftheirworkandthought.

Suchaspiritofcraftsmanshiphasbeenremarkableandgreatlyvaluedinthepast.Thecraftsman’sspiritwithperfection,precision,concentration,andpatienceremainsinPeterandhiscooking.

4．Howlonghavethecouplebeenrunningtherestaurant

A．16yearsB．20yearsC．30yearsD．70years

5．WhyistherestaurantdifferentfromotherAmericanChineserestaurants

A．ItscustomersaremainlyChinese.

B．Itstickstoitsoriginaltasteofthedishes.

C．Itadjuststhetasteaccordingtothecustomers.

D．ItsmenumerelycontainsGuangdongandSichuanfood.

6．WhichwordscanbestdescribePeter

A．Generousandpatient.B．Ambitiousandeconomical.

C．Thoughtfulandhumorous.D．Preciseanddevoted.

7．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage

A．Hebelievesthatcookingjustneedsoneperson’seffort.

B．HeshowsaninterestinpreservingancientChineseart.

C．HetakesprideincookingthebesttypicalChinesecuisine.

D．Hecaresaboutthetasteofthedishesratherthancustomers’complaints.

ArobotcreatedatStandfordUniversityisdivingdowntoshipwrecks(沉船)inawaythathumanscan’tdo.KnownasOceanOneK,therobotallowsitsoperatorstofeellikethey’reunderwaterexplorers,too.

OceanOneKresembles(像)ahumandiverfromthefront,witharms,handsandeyesthatcapturetheunderwaterworldinfullcolor.Thebackoftherobothascomputersandeightmultidirectionalthrusters(推进器)thathelpitcarefullyexplorethesitesoffragileshipwrecks.Whenanoperatorattheocean’ssurfaceusescontrolstodirectOceanOneK,therobot’stouch-basedfeedbacksystemcausesthepersontofeelthewater’sresistance.

TheideaforOceanOneKcamefromadesiretostudycoralreefsintheRedSeaatdepthsbeyondthenormalrangefordivers.WhileOccanOneKwasdesignedtoreachmaximumdepthsof656feet,researchershadanewgoal:1kilometer,hencethenewnameforOceanOneK.Theresearcherschangedtherobot’sbodybyusingspecialfoamtoincreasebuoyancy(浮力)andfightthepressuresof1,000metersmorethan100timeswhathumansexperienceatsealevel.OceanOneKalsogottwonewtypesofhandsandincreasedarmandheadmotion.

DuringOceanOneK’sdeepdiveinFebruary,teammembersdiscoveredtherobotcouldn’trisewhentheystoppedforathrustercheck.Flotationsonthecommunicationsandpowerlinehadcollapsed,causingthelinetopileonthetopoftherobot.

OceanOneK’sdescentwasasuccess.Itdroppedoffamemorialmarkerontheseabedthatreads,“Arobot’sfirsttouchofthedeepseafloor—Avastnewworldforhumanstoexplore.”Khatib,aprofessor,calledtheexperiencean“incrediblejourney.”“Thisisthefirsttimethatarobothasbeencapableofgoingtosuchadepth,interactingwiththeenvironment,andpermittingthehumanoperatortofeelthatenvironment,”hesaid.

8．WhatcanwelearnaboutOceanOneK

A．Itseyesarecolorful.

B．Itfunctionsautomatically.

C．Itlookslikeitsoperatorfromthefront.

D．Itisremotelycontrolledtoexploreunderwater.

9．Howdoestheauthordevelopthethirdparagraph

A．Bylistingdata.B．Byraisingquestions.

C．Byreasoningandanalyzing.D．Bypresentinganargument.

10．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“descent”meaninthelastparagraph

A．Successfuloperation.B．Deepdiving.

C．Pressureresistance.D．Flexibleexploration.

11．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext

A．ACreativeExplorerB．TheAmbitiousExploration

C．ASelf-drivenSeeker—ARobotD．ADeep-SeaExplorer—OceanOneK

Increasedhumanactivityandclimatechangehavecausedariseofalgae(藻类植物)inwaterbodiesaroundtheworld—sometimeschokingecosystemsofsunlightandoxygen.Inmoreextremecases,theycanproducedangerouspoisonsthatcansickenorkillpeopleandanimals.Buttheplentyofalgaecouldprovecrucialasourpopulationrisesbeyondeightbillionpeopleworldwidebecausealgaearecropsthatdon’tneedland,freshwater,orfertilizertofillnutritionalgaps.

Andeventhoughtheyaresocloselyassociatedwithhuman’sbadimpactonEarth,algaecouldalsoplayvitalrolesinslowingclimatechangeandhelpingfightagainstpollution,viruses,andmore.Withmicroplasticpollutiondocumentedinalmostallhabitatsrelatedtowater,astudyshowedthatalgaecanhelpfiltermicroplasticsfromwater.Algaecanalsofilterchemicalsthatcanbeusedforfertilizer.

Algaecanproducemoreeffectivebiofuelthantraditionalsources.RescarchersataGermanalgaegrowingfacilityarealreadyusingittofuelplane.Researchersbelievethisandothersustainablefuelscouldreducecarbonreleasedfromairplanesbyupto80percent.

Animalfeedcontainingakindofredalgaereducesharmfulmethane(甲烷)releasedfromcattlebymorethan80percent.Theadditionworksbychangingtheenvironmentinacow’sstomach,stoppingtheproductionofmethanebeforeitcanbereleased.

Redalgaecanstopthecopiesofsomeviruses,andhavebeenshowntostimulatethebody’simmune(免疫的)systemandcouldbecomeapowerfulanti-HIVmedicine.

In2023,freshwateralgaewerelaunchedintospacetochangetheCO2breathedoutbyastronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationintooxygen.Sincealgaearealsohighinprotein,theycouldreplaceupto30percentofastronautfoodinthefuture.

12．Whatcanweknowaboutalgaefromthefirstparagraph

A．Betterlatethannever.B．Everycoinhastwosides.

C．Alliswellthatendswell.D．Twoheadsarebetterthanone.

13．Whydoalgaehaveapositiveimpactonenvironment

A．Theyavoidclimatechange.B．Theyabsorbpollutantsintheair.

C．Theyreducemicroplasticsinthewater.D．Theyfiltermostpoisonouschemicals.

14．Whatcanalgaehelpinourlife

A．Changeanimalfeedintomethane.

B．Storecarbonreleasedfromairplanes.

C．Helpresearcherstocreatetraditionalsources.

D．Createbiofuelandreducemethaneincows’sstomach.

15．Howdoalgaebenefithuman’shealth

A．Byhelpingfightagainstdiseases.B．Byincreasinghuman’sstrength.

C．Byproducingmoreoxygenthanotherplants.D．Byreplacingmuchfoodforastronauts.

二、七选五

There’reavarietyofdifferentreasonsforustosavemoney.Wecansaveupforanewcomputerandputmoneyasideintoarainy-dayfund.16.ArecentstudyshowedthatoverhalfofyoungpeoplelivingintheUKhavenosavingsatall.Didtheymaxoutontoomanythings,orarethereotherfactorsAndhowcanwebecomebettersavers

Putastoptothoseimpulse(冲动)buys.17,evenifitisonsale.Impulsebuysaredoneintheheatofthemomentandwithoutthoughtforwhatit’scostingyou.Encouragingyourselftoquestionyourpurchasebeforeyoubuyallowsyoutoprocesswhatyouaredoing.

Usecashratherthancards.Withdrawcashbeforeyougotoarestaurantorshoppingandsetafixedbudgetyoumuststickto.18.

19.It’snotjustaboutcreatingthatbudget.It’saboutstickingtoit,too.Youshouldn’tbedippingintoyoursavingseverytimeyoufeellikeit.Settingupastandingorderfromyourcurrentaccountintoyoursavingsthemomentyoureceiveyoursalarywillensureyoukeepupthehabit.Successfulsaverssticktotheirplansandwatchthemoneypileup.

Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Apenny(便士)savedisapennyearned.”20.

A．Bedisciplined

B．Getinandgetout

C．Becarefulofpromotion

D．Savingmoneyisessentialinourdailylife

E．Askyourselfifyoureallyneedtobuysomething

F．Also,remainingchangecanbeputintoyouraccount

G．Thesearesomeofthemeasureshelpingusbecomebettersavers

三、完形填空

Stephen,a68-year-oldhomelessman,livedinAustralia.To21histime,hebegantowritepoetryandshortstories.Hehadalwaysthoughtnobodyelsewouldseehiswritings.Onedaythat22allbecauseofawomancalledKatie.HefirstmetKatiein2023whenher23becametoomuch,andsheneededtoknowwhathewaswriting.

OnedayshegotaspecialsurprisefromStephen.He24herwithapoem,andKatiewasamazedathis25.Katieknewhehadanincredible26towriteandwantedtoshareitwiththeworld.ShedecidedthatFacebookwouldhelpto27thewordandcreatedapageforhim.Hisworkbeganto28manyfollowers.Hewasgivennotonlywordsofencouragementbutalso29gifts.Infact,therewasonegiftthatwouldindeedchangehislifeforever.Oneofthe30onthepageturnedouttobeStephen’slong-lostbrother,andthepagehelpedthem31!

Katie32partofhislife,andtheyareveryclosefriends.Hispageisstill33,andhecanwriteinthe34offamilyandfriends.

Thisstorywasso35thatitwasmadeintoadocumentary,calledTheConditioned.

21．A．makeB．createC．wasteD．kill

22．A．purchasedB．changedC．symbolizedD．supported

23．A．discriminationB．potentialC．curiosityD．sympathy

24．A．questionedB．giftedC．rewardedD．puzzled

25．A．talentB．qualityC．kindnessD．innocence

26．A．instructionB．shortageC．capacityD．possession

27．A．spreadB．leaveC．submitD．exchange

28．A．admitB．hireC．requireD．gain

29．A．cheapB．realC．expensiveD．conventional

30．A．clientsB．followersC．guidesD．advisors

31．A．reflectB．recoverC．recognizeD．reconnect

32．A．livesB．valuesC．dismissesD．witnesses

33．A．updatedB．unpopularC．commercialD．alternative

34．A．strengthB．ambitionC．companyD．opinion

35．A．complexB．qualifiedC．strikingD．mysterious

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.

TheSilkRoadwasanimportanthistoricaltraderoute36ChinaandtheMediterranean.Inthepast,travelbylandwasdifficult,dangerousandexpensive,soonlyextremelypreciousgoods37(trade)overlongdistances.Infact,silkmadeinChinaconsistsofalargeproportionofthetradealongthatroute.TheGermantravelerandgeographer,FerdinandvonRichthofencoinedtheterm“theSilkRoad”in1877.

ThehistoryoftheoldSilkRoadbeganwiththeexplorationsofZhangQianduringtheHanDynasty.Itwasmorethanjustatraderoute.Today,theoldSilkRoadisbeingbroughtbacktolifethroughChina’sBeltandRoadInitiative38(announce)byPresidentXiJinpingin2023,whichis39developmentstrategythataims40(strengthen)cooperationamongcountriesacrossAsia,EuropeandAfrica.41theChinesegovernmentpursuesisfasterand42(efficient)goodsserviceamong43(participate)countries.Moreimportantly,thisnewSilkRoadmakesmorepeoplecometogetherinmutualunderstandingandfriendship.

PartsoftheSilkRoadwerelistedonUNESCO’sWorldHeritageListin2023.44ishardtooverstatetheimportanceoftheSilkRoadofalltime.Theexchangeof45(inform)contributedtonewtechnologyandinnovation,changingtheworlddramatically.

五、推荐信

46．假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom将来中国旅游，向你征求建议，请你回复一封邮件，内容包括：

1.推荐你的家乡大连；

2.给出理由。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearTom,

I’msoexcitedtohearthatyou’recomingtoChina!

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

六、读后续写

47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

WhenIwas11yearsold,welivedinAlbany,NewYork.Myparentsrentedthefirstfloorofatwo-storeyhouse.Myjobthatsummerwastotakecareofmythree-year-oldbrother,Joey.Therewasn’tmuchtodo,butonethingthatkeptmehappywasspendingtimewithourhouseowner,ayoungItalianmother-to-be.TheycalledherCatuzza.ItwasItalianfor“sweetlittleCatherine.”Shewaswellintoherpregnancy,happythoughshewas,butshewasalsolonelymuchofthetime.SheknewverylittleEnglish,andduringthedayshemissedherhusbandagreatdeal.Hewasashoemakerandworkedlonghourstosupporthisgrowingfamily.

CatuzzaenjoyedspendingtimewithlittleJoeyandme.Itwasalsoalwaysniceforchildrentofeelthatadultsenjoyedbeingwiththem,andweknewthatsheenjoyedtimewithus.Mylittlebrotherhadgoldenhair.Shelovedtoplaywithhishair,runningherfingersthroughit.dHersmilealwaysmademefeelthatshewaswonderingaboutherownsmallchild,notyetborn.Sometimeswhenthebabykicked,shewouldletustouchherstomach.Once,whenJoeywascloseby,thebabykickedasifitshowedaresponsetoJoey’sgentlestroke.Gradually,Joey’scompanymadeCatuzzanolongerfeellonely.

Afterthatsummer,myfamilymovedtoanotherpartofthecity,whereJoeyandIspenttherestofourchildhood,butwestillkeptintouchwithCatuzza.Iwentontofinishschoolandbecameawriter.MybrotherJoeygrewuptojointhearmy,gotocollege,workfortheNewYorkStateDepartmentofLabor—and,suddenly,discoveratage35thathehadleukaemia,whichwascanceroftheblood.Thediseasewaskillinghim.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

However,Joeywantedtolive.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ThenIrealisedthattheunbornbabysavedmybrother’slife.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

试卷第1页，共3页

试卷第1页，共3页

参考答案：

1．C2．B3．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的景点。

1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Peopleoftenwonderaboutsomeofthebestplacestosee.AgoodpointofreferenceistofirstlookatattractionslabeledasUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.ThesesitesareculturallyorphysicallysignificantplaceslistedbytheUnitedNationsfortheirimportancetohumanityasawhole.(人们经常想知道一些最好的景点。一个很好的参考点是首先看看被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的景点。这些遗址是联合国因其对整个人类的重要性而列出的具有文化或自然意义的地方)”结合文章主要介绍了三个被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的景点，所以可以推断文章可能出自“旅行指南”。故选C。

2．细节理解题。根据第二段“TheMogaoCaves,vitalsitesonthehistoricSilkRoad,areaperfectdisplayofChinesearthistoryoveraperiodofathousandyears.(莫高窟是历史上丝绸之路上的重要遗址，是中国一千年艺术史的完美展示)”可知，莫高窟展示了它们在丝绸之路上很重要。故选B。

3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Peopleoftenwonderaboutsomeofthebestplacestosee.AgoodpointofreferenceistofirstlookatattractionslabeledasUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.ThesesitesareculturallyorphysicallysignificantplaceslistedbytheUnitedNationsfortheirimportancetohumanityasawhole.(人们经常想知道一些最好的景点。一个很好的参考点是首先看看被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的景点。这些遗址是联合国因其对整个人类的重要性而列出的具有文化或自然意义的地方)”可知，这三个地方的共同点是它们都是旅游景点。故选A。

4．A5．B6．D7．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家有悠久历史的餐厅的情况以及餐厅的经营者对于烹饪的一些感悟。

4．细节理解题。根据第二段“TherestauranthasalonghistoryinHongKong.Itsowners,thecouple,PeterandMichelle,havebeenrunningtherestaurantsince2023.(这家餐厅在香港有着悠久的历史。它的主人彼得和米歇尔夫妇从2023年开始经营这家餐厅)”可知，这对夫妇经营这家餐馆2023-2023=16年了。故选A。

5．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“WearenotlikethoseAmericanChineserestaurants.WeprovidethegenuineChinesetastetoourcustomers,andtheywillloveitbecauseitisdelicious,andtheirtastewillsuitthetasteofourdishes,nottheotherwayaround.(我们不像那些米国的中餐馆。我们为顾客提供真正的中国口味，他们会喜欢它，因为它很美味，他们的口味会适合我们的菜的味道，而不是相反)”可知，这家餐厅和其他米国中餐馆的不同在于坚持菜肴的原汁原味。故选B。

6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thecraftsman’sspiritwithperfection,precision,concentration,andpatienceremainsinPeterandhiscooking.(完美、精确、专注和耐心的工匠精神仍然存在于彼得和他的烹饪中)”可推知，彼得是个做事精确且专注的人。故选D。

7．推理判断题。根据第四段“Petertakesgreatprideinhisowncooking.Hewascuriousabouthowthefoodwasmadeandwhyparticularfoodsorsauceshadspecifictastes.HechosetoservemainlyGuangdongandSichuanfoodattherestaurant,featuringthefamily-styleChinesedimsumorhotpot.(彼得对自己的厨艺非常自豪。他很好奇食物是如何制作的，以及为什么特定的食物或酱汁有特定的味道。他选择以粤菜和川菜为主，特色是中式点心或火锅)”以及倒数第二段“HecompareshimselfwiththecraftsmeninChinawhoareproudofpreservingancientChineseartandwhosemotivationisonlyonpeople’senjoymentoftheirworkandthought.(他把自己比作中国的工匠，他们以保存中国古代艺术而自豪，他们的动机只是为了让人们享受他们的工作和思想)”可推知，他以烹饪出最地道的中国菜而自豪。故选C。

8．D9．A10．B11．D

【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了一款深海探测机器人OceanOneK。

8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“KnownasOceanOneK,therobotallowsitsoperatorstofeellikethey’reunderwaterexplorers,too.(该机器人被称为OceanOneK，它让操作员感觉自己也是水下探险家)”，第二段“OceanOneKresembles(像)ahumandiverfromthefront,witharms,handsandeyesthatcapturetheunderwaterworldinfullcolor.(OceanOneK从正面看就像一个人类潜水员，手臂、手和眼睛捕捉到了全彩色的水下世界)”及“Whenanoperatorattheocean’ssurfaceusescontrolstodirectOceanOneK,therobot’stouch-basedfeedbacksystemcausesthepersontofeelthewater’sresistance.(当操作员在海面上使用控制装置来指挥OceanOneK时，机器人基于触摸的反馈系统会使人感受到水的阻力)”可知，OceanOneK是被人远程控制的，可以在水下探险。故选D项。

9．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“WhileOccanOneKwasdesignedtoreachmaximumdepthsof656feet,researchershadanewgoal:1kilometer,hencethenewnameforOceanOneK.Theresearcherschangedtherobot’sbodybyusingspecialfoamtoincreasebuoyancyandfightthepressuresof1,000metersmorethan100timeswhathumansexperienceatsealevel.(虽然OccanOneK的设计最大深度为656英尺，但研究人员有了一个新的目标：1公里，因此OceanOneK有了新名称。研究人员通过使用特殊的泡沫来改变机器人的身体，以增加浮力，并对抗1000米的压力，这是人类在海平面上所承受的压力的100多倍)”可知，文章第三段通过列数据来开展。故选A项。

10．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段划线词后文“Itdroppedoffamemorialmarkerontheseabedthatreads,“Arobot’sfirsttouchofthedeepseafloor—Avastnewworldforhumanstoexplore.”Khatib,aprofessor,calledtheexperiencean“incrediblejourney.”“Thisisthefirsttimethatarobothasbeencapableofgoingtosuchadepth,interactingwiththeenvironment,andpermittingthehumanoperatortofeelthatenvironment,”hesaid.(它在海床上留下了一块纪念碑，上面写着：“机器人第一次触摸深海——一个供人类探索的广阔新世界。”哈提卜教授称这次经历是一次“不可思议的旅程”。他说：“这是机器人第一次能够到达这样的深度，与环境互动，并让人类操作员感受到那种环境。”)”可知，机器人OceanOneK成功潜入深海，descent与Deepdiving“深潜”意思接近。故选B项。

11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“ArobotcreatedatStandfordUniversityisdivingdowntoshipwrecksinawaythathumanscan’tdo.KnownasOceanOneK,therobotallowsitsoperatorstofeellikethey’reunderwaterexplorers,too.(斯坦福大学发明的一个机器人能以人类无法做到的方式潜入沉船。这个被称为OceanOneK的机器人让它的操作员也感觉自己是水下探险家)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了一款能进行深海探险的机器人OceanOneK。ADeep-SeaExplorer—OceanOneK“深海探险家——OceanOneK”作为最佳标题，符合题意。故选D项。

12．B13．C14．D15．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了藻类植物与人类对地球的不良影响密切相关，它们也可以在减缓气候变化、帮助对抗污染、病毒等方面发挥重要作用。

12．推理判断题。根据第一段“Increasedhumanactivityandclimatechangehavecausedariseofalgae(藻类植物)inwaterbodiesaroundtheworld—sometimeschokingecosystemsofsunlightandoxygen.Inmoreextremecases,theycanproducedangerouspoisonsthatcansickenorkillpeopleandanimals.Buttheplentyofalgaecouldprovecrucialasourpopulationrisesbeyondeightbillionpeopleworldwidebecausealgaearecropsthatdon’tneedland,freshwater,orfertilizertofillnutritionalgaps.(人类活动的增加和气候变化导致世界各地水体中藻类的增加，有时会阻碍生态系统的阳光和氧气。在更极端的情况下，它们会产生危险的毒物，使人和动物生病或死亡。但随着全球人口超过80亿，大量的藻类可能变得至关重要，因为藻类是不需要土地、淡水或肥料来填补营养缺口的作物)”可推知，藻类植物体现了凡事都有两面性。故选B。

13．细节理解题。根据第二段“Withmicroplasticpollutiondocumentedinalmostallhabitatsrelatedtowater,astudyshowedthatalgaecanhelpfiltermicroplasticsfromwater.(几乎所有与水有关的栖息地都有微塑料污染记录，一项研究表明，藻类可以帮助过滤水中的微塑料)”可知，藻类对环境有积极的影响是因为可以减少水中的微塑料。故选C。

14．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Animalfeedcontainingakindofredalgaereducesharmfulmethane(甲烷)releasedfromcattlebymorethan80percent.Theadditionworksbychangingtheenvironmentinacow’sstomach,stoppingtheproductionofmethanebeforeitcanbereleased.(含有一种红藻的动物饲料可以将牛释放的有害甲烷减少80%以上。这种添加剂的工作原理是改变奶牛胃里的环境，在甲烷被释放之前阻止它的产生)”可知，藻类可以制造生物燃料，减少奶牛胃里的甲烷。故选D。

15．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Redalgaecanstopthecopiesofsomeviruses,andhavebeenshowntostimulatethebody’simmune(免疫的)systemandcouldbecomeapowerfulanti-HIVmedicine.(红藻可以阻止一些病毒的复制，并已被证明可以刺激人体的免疫系统，并可能成为一种强大的抗艾滋病毒药物)”可知，藻类可以帮助对抗疾病，有益人体健康。故选A。

16．D17．E18．F19．A20．G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了储蓄的重要性以及介绍了一些存钱的方法。

16．根据上文“There’reavarietyofdifferentreasonsforustosavemoney.Wecansaveupforanewcomputerandputmoneyasideintoarainy-dayfund.(我们省钱的原因有很多。我们可以攒钱买一台新电脑，并存起来以备不时之需)”以及后文“ArecentstudyshowedthatoverhalfofyoungpeoplelivingintheUKhavenosavingsatall.Didtheymaxoutontoomanythings,orarethereotherfactorsAndhowcanwebecomebettersavers(最近的一项研究表明，超过一半的英国年轻人根本没有储蓄。是他们在太多事情上达到了极限，还是有其他因素？我们怎样才能成为更好的储蓄者？)”可知，后文提到了成为更好的储蓄者，说明省钱是日常生活中必不可少的一部分。故D选项“省钱在我们的日常生活中是必不可少的”符合语境，故选D。

17．根据后文“Impulsebuysaredoneintheheatofthemomentandwithoutthoughtforwhatit’scostingyou.Encouragingyourselftoquestionyourpurchasebeforeyoubuyallowsyoutoprocesswhatyouaredoing.(冲动购物是在一时冲动下完成的，没有考虑到你会付出什么代价。鼓励自己在购买之前质疑自己的购买行为，可以让你对自己正在做的事情进行处理)”可知，后文提到了在购买之前质疑自己的购买行为，指反思自己是否真的需要购物，故E选项“问问自己是否真的需要买东西”符合语境，故选E。

18．根据上文“Usecashratherthancards.Withdrawcashbeforeyougotoarestaurantorshoppingandsetafixedbudgetyoumuststickto.(使用现金而不是信用卡。在你去餐馆或购物之前提取现金，并设定一个你必须坚持的固定预算)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，是对上文使用现金的补充说明，F选项中Also表示“另外，此外”起补充说明作用，故F选项“另外，剩余的零钱可以打到你的账户上”符合语境，故选F。

19．根据后文“It’snotjustaboutcreatingthatbudget.It’saboutstickingtoit,too.Youshouldn’tbedippingintoyoursavingseverytimeyoufeellikeit.Settingupastandingorderfromyourcurrentaccountintoyoursavingsthemomentyoureceiveyoursalarywillensureyoukeepupthehabit.Successfulsaverssticktotheirplansandwatchthemoneypileup.(这不仅仅是创造预算的问题。这也是关于坚持的问题。你不应该每次想要的时候就动用你的存款。在你拿到工资的那一刻，从你的活期账户中建立一个定期存款账户，这样可以确保你保持这个习惯。成功的储蓄者坚持他们的计划，看着钱越积越多)”可知，后文提到“这也是关于坚持的问题”，即储蓄需要坚持以及自律，故A选项“自律”符合语境，故选A。

20．此处是总结上文，根据上文“Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Apennysavedisapennyearned.”(正如那句老话所说：“省一分钱就是赚一分钱。”)”并结合文章主要介绍了一些存钱的方法，故G选项“这些是帮助我们成为更好的储蓄者的一些措施”符合语境，故选G。

21．D22．B23．C24．B25．A26．C27．A28．D29．B30．B31．D32．D33．A34．C35．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个流浪汉被人发现有写作天赋，在Facebook上有了追随者，还找回了失散已久的兄弟的故事。

21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了消磨时间，他开始写诗和短篇小说。A.make制作；B.create创造；C.waste浪费；D.kill杀死。根据上文“Stephen,a68-year-oldhomelessman,livedinAustralia.(68岁的流浪汉斯蒂芬住在澳大利亚)”可知，流浪汉写诗和小说是为了消磨时间，短语killtime表示“消磨时间”。故选D。

22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，因为一个叫凯蒂的女人，一切都改变了。A.purchased购买；B.changed改变；C.symbolized象征；D.supported支持。根据后文凯蒂在Facebook上分享他的故事，改变了他的生活，所以是因为凯蒂一切都改变了。故选B。

23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他第一次见到凯蒂是在2023年，当时她的好奇心太强了，她需要知道他在写什么。A.discrimination歧视；B.potential潜能；C.curiosity好奇心；D.sympathy同情。根据后文“sheneededtoknowwhathewaswriting”可知，凯蒂想知道他在写什么，说明好奇心强。故选C。

24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他送给她一首诗，凯蒂对他的才华感到惊讶。A.