牛津译林版八年级英语上册8Aunit1单元知识点归纳总结

1313重点短语

牛津译林版八年级英语上册8AUnit1havesomethingtodrink喝点东西→todrink动词不定式作定语 (p6)〈学问链接〉9AUnit3Grammar，具体总结动词不定式作定语的用法。〈用法拓展〉havesomethingtoeat吃点东西，havealotofhomeworktodo有很多作业要做havesomemorefood再有/要些食物somemormore是many/much又”。some可以更换为基数词,如：twomoreboys=anothertwoboys⑴基数词＋more＋名词复数＝another＋基数词＋名词复数moreanother的位置相反。特别形式要熟记：onemoreminute＝anotherminute练一练：还有10个人① tenpeople ②ten peoplenothingelse没有别的东西〈学问链接〉⑴不定代词分类：①表示人：somebody/someone,anybody,nobody/noone,everybody/everyone②表示物：something,anything,nothing,everything⑵不定代词用法：①不定代词作句子主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，none除外。②不定代词的修饰语要放在不定代词之后。如：不定代词＋形容词，不定代词＋不定式。⑶else通常放在不定代词、疑问词之后，如：①somebody/anybody/nobody/something/anything/nothingelse②somewhere/anywhereelse③what/who/where/else⑷someoneelse’sanyoneelse’ssomeone’selseanyone’selse。〈用法拓展〉⑴Thereis (没有别的东西)inthefridge.⑵Doyouhave tosay?你还有什么话要说吗？⑶Hisarticleisbetterthan intheclass.A.anyone’selse B.anyoneelse’s C.anyone’selse’s D.anyoneelse⑷Londonseemsmuchdirtierthan (其他任何地方).⑸—Iheartheyaren’tsatisfiedwiththehouseyou’vechosenforthem.—Well， couldtheylivesocomfortably?A.whereelse B.whatelse C.how D.why⑹ intheworldisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.(世上无难事。)readanadvertisement看广告 (p7)readEnglish,readnewspapers,readcomicbooks,readmagazines阅读”“读起来”“写着”、“内容是”。如：①Thisdoesn’treadlikeachild’scomposition.这读起来不像是孩子的作文。②Herletterreadsasfollows…她的来信的内容如下…。〈用法拓展〉Thesign “Noparking!”A.reads B.wasreading C.wasread D.hadreadkeepsecrets,keepasecret保密〈学问链接〉keepsecretsforsb替某人保密，insecret＝secretly隐秘地，secretagent特工，secretary秘书〈用法拓展〉Carefulplanningisthesecretofsuccess.认真打算是成功的诀窍。makemehappy使我快活→make使得；让，makesb/sth＋adj.使……如何〈学问链接〉⑴Whathesaidmademesad.⑵Whatmakesyourfriendsospecial?⑶ThatChang’eNo.1SatellitewassentintospacesuccessfullymadeChineseexciting.〈用法拓展〉⑴makesbdosth让/使某人做某事→sbbemadetodosth某人被迫做某事，类似的有：①hearsbdosth→sbbeheardtodosth ②havesbdosth→sbbehadtodosth⑵bemadein＋某地，在某地制造⑶bemadeof...由……制成(能看到原材料，发生物理变化)⑷bemadefrom…由……制成(不能看到原材料，发生化学变化)用介词填空①CarsaremadeShanghai.②Glassesaremadeglass.③Wineismadegrapes.④Paperismadewood.sharemyjoy共享我的欢快〈学问链接〉distributecivilization,shareenjoymentinreading传播文明，共沐书香〈用法拓展〉sharesthwithsb与某人共享某物，与某人合用某物(14条讲解)haveproblems有问题〈学问链接〉⑴haveproblemswithsth＝havedifficultywithsth在某方面有问题(困难)⑵haveproblems(in)doingsth＝havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事有困难⑶haveproblemswithsb和某人有冲突〈用法拓展〉Thedeafhaveproblems (communicate)withpeople.believewhathe/shesays信任他(她)说的话〈学问链接〉⑴whatsbsay/says/said某人说的话⑵believesb信任某人＝believewhatsbsaid＝believesb’swords信任某人的话⑶believesth信任某事是真的，believeinsb＝trustsb信任某人(建立在长期“信任”的根底上)〈用法拓展〉believe,believein填空⑴Shesaidshedidn’ttakethemoney.Doyou her?⑵I hisstory. ⑶We ourgovernment.⑷I whathesaidbecauseI him.holdawritingcompetition进展写作竞赛 (p8)competition〈用法拓展〉⑴hold进展＝have，如：hold/haveasportsmeeting进展运动会⑵beheld＝takeplace，如：Ourschoolsportsmeetingisheld/takesplaceinOctobereveryyear.tellyouaboutmyfriendBetty给你讲讲我朋友贝蒂的事〈学问链接〉tellsbaboutsth/sb告知某人有关某事(某人)的状况如：WouldyoupleasetellusaboutyourvisittoBeijing?lbtbbedtbe.g.Asachild,IwastoldaboutLeiFengbytheteachers.oneofmybestfriends我的一个最好的朋友；我最好的朋友中的一个个”。〈用法拓展〉TheChangjiangRiverisoneof/among (long)riversintheworld.bewillingtodosth情愿(情愿)做某事〈学问链接〉willing情愿的；情愿的→unwilling不情愿的→willingly情愿地→willingnessn.心甘情愿〈用法拓展〉I’mquitewillingtodoanythingforyou.我格外情愿为你做任何事情。sharesthwithsb与某人共享某物，与某人合用某物〈学问链接〉sharevt.安排,均分;共有,共用①Theboysharedthecakeequally.这男孩平均安排蛋糕。②Isharedmylunchwithhim.我和他共享我的午餐。③LucysharesabedroomwithLily.露西和莉莉合住一个卧房。bereadytodosth情愿做某事〈学问链接〉ready⑴预备好的，Comeon,dinner’sready!快过来，饭好了！⑵情愿的，He’salwaysreadytohelphisfriends.他总是情愿帮助朋友。〈用法拓展〉⑴bereadyforsth,getreadyforsth为某事做好预备Canyouhelpmegeteverythingreadyfortheparty?你能不能帮我把这次聚会预备妥当？⑵getreadytodosth预备好做某事，bereadytodosth情愿做某事；预备好做某事，Volunteerswerereadyandwaitingtopackthefoodinboxes.志愿者们已预备完毕，等着将食物装箱。⑶Ready,steady,go!(竞赛口令)各就位－预备－跑！onthebus在公交车上，giveseatstosomeoneinneed把座位让给需要的人〈学问链接〉⑴onthebus/train/plane在公交车/火车/飞机上，intheboat/ship在小船/轮船上⑵giveseatstosb给某人让座,⑶inneed需要帮助的，常做后置定语。e.g.childreninneed需要帮助的孩子travelaroundtheworld周游(环游)世界，growup长大〈学问链接〉⑴travel/go/move/turnaround…围绕…运转e.g.Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.⑵Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyou (长大)?gettodosth有时机做某事→gettodosth表示“有时机做某事”，常用于口语。〈学问链接〉Theygottoknoweachothertenyearsago.他们十年前生疏对方。〈用法拓展〉havegottodosth＝havetodosth不得不，必需It’sgettingdark.We’vegottogo.天色变晚了，我们得走了。awonderfulfriendcalledMax一个叫马克斯的精彩的朋友一个叫…的…”过去分词短语作后置定语修饰名词，①aboycalled/namedTom一个叫汤姆的男孩②agamecalled/namedhide-and-seek一个叫捉迷藏的玩耍havepooreyesight视力差，becauseof…由于…,workon…操作…However,hehaspooreyesightbecauseofworkingonthecomputertoomuchatnight.然而，由于他晚上用电脑太多，所以视力差。〈学问链接〉⑴however副词，常用于句首，与后面的句子用“逗号”隔开。but连词,连接两个简洁句，构成并列句。however,but填空：① ,thingshavechanged.②Heisveryyoung, heknowsalot.⑵becauseof是复合介词，becauseof＋名词/代词/动名词；because是连词，because后接状语从句，不能接名词、代词或动名词。〈用法拓展〉because,becauseof填空:①Westayedathome therain.②Ican’tgo Iamill.③Shewasregardedasaheroine shelosthislifeforhercountry.④You’dbetterwearsunglasses eyeprotectionisnecessaryonsunnydays.makehimlooksmart使他看上去很帅气(6条〈用法拓展〉⑴)haveagoodsenseofhumour＝behumorous很有幽默感fivesenses五种感觉：sight视觉hearing听觉smell嗅觉taste味觉touch触觉，thesixthtense。knockourbooksandpensoffthedesks把我们的书和钢笔从课桌上碰掉→knock.sthoff…⑴knocksthover撞翻⑵knocksbdown撞倒某人⑶knockon/atthedoor/window敲门/窗thinkofmygoodfriend想起我的好朋友〈学问链接〉thinkof…想到；想起；想出；(用进展时表示)想做……⑴It’sgoodtothinkofthefuture.想想将来是件好事。131328.begeneroustosb28.begeneroustosb对某人大方(p10)⑵Sheoftenthinksofherhome.她常常想起她的家。⑶Hethoughtofagoodplan.他想出一个好打算。⑷I’mthinkingofbuyingapiano.我想着/正想买一架钢琴。〈用法拓展〉⑴thinkabout…思考(动词＋介词)She’sthinkingaboutwhattosay.⑵think…over认真考虑(动词＋副词)I’llgiveyouthreedaystothinkitover.havestraight,shoulder-lengthhair留着直的齐肩的头发〈学问链接〉①long长的→length长度②high高的→height高度③wide宽的→width宽度④deep深的→depth深度⑤strong强壮的→strength力气atruefriend一个忠实的朋友〈学问链接〉⑴true真实的；忠实的→false错误的，truth真相、事实，truly真正地Heistruetohisfriends.他对朋友们忠诚。⑵real实际的；真的，reality现实，really真地Thestorywastakenfromreallife.这故事取材于现实生活。〈用法拓展〉cometrue实现(truly)e.g.Hisdreamhascometrue.sayabadwordaboutsb说某人的坏话doalotofcomputerwork做很多计算机方面的工作beverygoodatdoingsth格外擅长做某事；很会做某事，telljokes讲笑话→tellsbjokestellothersherfriends’secrets告知别人她朋友们的隐秘votefor…投票选出，投票赞成→voteforthebestfriend，voteonlineforthebestsingerhaveanEnglishtest进展一次英语测验 (p14)1313hold/haveadrawingcompetition进展一次绘画竞赛，inthedrawingcompetitiongohiking去远足→go＋v-ing (p15)〈学问链接〉goswimming/camping/cycling/diving/skiing去远足/游泳/野营/骑车/潜水/滑雪trytobekindtopeople尽力对人们友善，trymybesttohelpthem尽力帮助他们(p16)〈学问链接〉trytodosth试图做，trydoingsth试着做，try/doone’sbesttodosth尽力做asocialworker社会工作者；社工thefasterrunner跑步最快的人 (p17)havesomeproblemswithmynewschool (p18)〈学问链接〉haveproblemswithsth在…有困难，haveproblems(in)doingsth 做某事有困难Ididn’thaveanyproblem(in)findinghishome.know…verywell对……很了解feelreallyuncomfortable真地感到不舒适sitalonein/ontheplayground一个人坐在操场上missmyoldfriendsverymuch格外惦念我的老朋友〈学问链接〉miss惦念；错过，Heranveryfastinordernottomisstheearlybus.whattodo做什么 疑问词＋动词不定式，留意区分：howtodoit(怎样做这件事)givemesomeadvice给我提一些建议〈学问链接〉⑴give/offersbsomeadvice/suggestions给某人提一些建议(以下短语可用offer，suggestions)⑵givesbsomeadviceonsth给某人提有关某事的建议⑶givesbsomeadviceonhowtodosth就如何做某事给某人提建议bothmybestfriendandmyneighbour既是我最好的朋友又是我的邻居〈学问链接〉⑴both…and…和…(两者)都⑵bothof…两者都…〈用法拓展〉⑴neither…nor…和…(两者)都不⑵neitherof…两者都不⑶notonly…butalso…不但…而且…⑷eitherof…两者中的一个⑸either…or…或者…或者…⑹allof…(两者以上)都⑺noneof…(两者以上)都不wearasmileonone’sface面带微笑tellmefunnyjokes给我讲好玩的笑话〈学问链接〉playajokeonsb开某人的玩笑haveafriendlikeAlan有个像艾伦一样的朋友 (p21)answerquestionscorrectly答复以下问题正确词汇解析honest诚恳的，honesty诚恳，dishonest不诚恳的，anhonestboyhonest前用不定冠词an)bored无聊的(主语是人)，boring无聊的(主语是事物)，Thisprogrammeisboring,soIfeelbored.futureplans将来打算，inthefuture在将来；将来，infuture＝fromnowon从今以后dangerous危急的→danger危急，safe安全的→safelyadv.安全地→safetyn.安全，indanger处于危急中exciting 令人兴奋的；扣人心弦的→excited 兴奋的→excitedly adv.兴奋地＝withexcitement→excitementn.兴奋，e.g.Wewereexcitedattheexcitingnews.二、【重点句型】Ihopetobecomeafamoussingerandtravelaroundtheworldinthefuture. (p17)〈学问链接〉Sbhope(s)todosth.某人期望做某事。留意没有hopesbtodosth，需转化为hopethat从句。Whatabout…?＝Howabout…怎么样→What/Howaboutsth/doingsth?(做)某事如何？〈学问链接〉Whydon’tyoudosth？＝Whynotdosth?为何不做某事？(提建议用语)三、【中考真题】—Doyouknowthefinalofthemen’ssinglewillbeplayedbetw eenWangLiqinandMaLin?(湖北)—Yes.Ifelt whenIheardthe news.A.exciting;excited B.excited;excitingC.exciting;exciting D.excited;excitedDigitalcamerasarebecomingverypopular,thoughsomestill toomuch.pay B.spend C.sell D.cost—Whichwouldyou,acupofcoffeeoraglassofmilk? (无锡)— ,thanks.IthinkI’lljusthaveaglassofwater.Either B.Neither C.Nothing D.NoneNotonlyhisparentsbutalsohisgrandfather toalotofplacesofinterestinourcountrysincetheycamehere. (常州)hasgone B.hasbeen C.havegone D.havebeen—Wouldyoulikesomejuiceormilk? — isOK.Idon’tmind.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All—Whenshallwestart,todayortomorrow? — isOK!Youdecide!Neither B.Every C.Either D.EachofthemknowsFrench,soIhavetoaskathirdpersonforhelp.A.Neither B.Either C.Both D.None—WhataboutthisT-shirt?—Idon’tlikethiscolourPleaseshowme one. (连云港)other B.theother C.another D.eachother—Wouldyoulikesomemoretea? — ,please. (徐州)Nomore B.Justalittle C.I’vehadenough D.Yes,Iwould—Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoon? (南京)— ,butIhavealotofhomeworktodo.A.I’dloveto B.Yes,let’sgo C.No,Iwon’tgo D.Itdoesn’tmatter—Wouldyoumindmyusingyoupen? — . (扬州)A.Yes,please B.Ofcoursenot C.Yes,helpyourself D.Sorry,Idon’t—I’msorryyouhavemissedthebus.It fiveminutesago.—Whatapity! (徐州)A.wasleaving B.hasleft C.left D.leaves— willthemusicprogrammebeover? —Intenminutes,Isuppose.A.Whattime B.Howlong C.Howoften D.Howsoon— doItakethemedicine,DoctorWang?—Oh,twiceadayaftermeals. (宿迁)A.Howoften B.Howmany C.Howlong D.HowsoonIhope agoodjobinaforeigncompanyafterIgraduatefromschool.A.tofind B.finding C.found D.finds—Why gotothesupermarketwithme? (无锡)—Sorry,hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.A.notletTom B.don’tletTom C.notletTomto D.nottoletTom—Mum,mayIhavesomecakes?—Sorry,there’s leftinthebox.I’llgoandbuysomeforyoutonight.A.nothing B.noone C.no D.none—Howoftendoyougobacktoyourhometown? — .A.Sincethreeweeksago B.ForthreeweeksC.Inthreeweeks D.Everythreeweeks— willyourfathercomeback? —Inaweek. (扬州)A.Howfar B.Howsoon C.Howlong D.HowoftenIhearitwill abouttwohourstogettothelakebybus.A.cost B.take C.pay D.spendNoonespeaksFrench him.SohecanbeaTVhostofaFrenchprogramme. (常州)A.asbeautifulas B.asbadlyas C.worsethan D.betterthanWehadaclassmeetingandallofus (同意)tohaveapicnic. (填写一个单词)Therearesomethingsthatyoucan”tchange,likeyour (身高).Themaglev(磁悬浮)trainisnowthe (最快的)trainintheworld.ShanghaiisthefirsttouseitinChina.Johnismuchshorterthanhissister,buthejumps shedoes.A.asgoodas B.asbestas C.ashighas D.ashigherasAmymakesfewermistakesthanFrank.Shedoesherhomework .A.morecarefully B.morecarelessly C.morecareful D.morecarelessDoyoubelievesomespecialdogscandothings man?A.asgoodas B.aswellas C.assoonas D.ascarefulasAnn”shouseistenmilesawayfromtheschoolandnobodyelseinherclasslives .A.far B.farther C.farthest D.thefurthestAndyalwaystellslies,so (几乎)nooneinhisclassbelieveshimnow.—Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty? —Yes.I’veneverbeento onebefore. (2023苏州)A.amoreexciting B.themostexcitedC.amoreexcited D.themostexciting⑴她长大后想当一名歌手。⑵我们的城市正变得越来越秀丽。ThiscarcoststoomuchDon’tyouhavesomething (廉价)?—Whowrites inyourclass? —Ricky. (2023宿迁)A.morecareful B.themostcarefulC.morecarefully D.themostcarefullyIthinksheisasslimmerasmysister.(改错，保持句意不变)Leoisactiveinsports.Heisthe (strong)ofallinhisclass.MrLudonatedalotofmoneytoProjectHope (generous).对话填空：David:Areyou⑴g home,Tom?Ricky:No,Iforgottobringmy⑵k .Ican”tdomyhomeworkbeforemymother⑶c fromwork.David:Shallwegototheschool⑷1 ?Wecandoourhomeworkinthereadingroom.Ricky:It”sagoodidea,⑸b Idon”twanttostudytherebecausethedeskstherearetoo⑹s forallmybooks.David:⑺W aboutmyflat?Ihaveareallybigdeskinmystudy.Ricky:ButIcan”tdohomework⑻w inanewplace.David:Andyoumightbereadingthe⑼b inmybookcase.Ricky:I”msorry.I⑽p towaitformymother.TheboyaskedMrBlackfor adviceonhisfurtherEnglishstudies.A.a B.an C.some D.any—WhatdoyouthinkofMrRead”sspee