高考英语真题深度阅读2018全国卷一D全考点解析附译文全

高考英语真题深度阅读2018全国卷一D全考点解析附译文[名校内部资料]Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,"saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We'renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices—wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.33.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?A.Toreducethecostofminerals.B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.深度阅读I根据文章回答问题。1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?2.Whyareoutdateddevicesbadforenvironment?3.Howdopeopledealwiththeolddevices?4.Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddoforbetterenvironmentaccordingtothepassage?II写出下列重点词汇短语的含义。1.atthefirstsightof（）2.outdateddevice（）3.gooutofstyle（）4.consumemuchmoreenergy（）5.energyconsumption（）6.consumer（）7.digitalcamera（）8.tablet（）9.onthescene（）10.showup（）11.analysis（）12.gasemissions（）13.wordprocessing（）14environment-friendly（）15.takeapart（）III猜测词义：1.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.2.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.3.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones.4.Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room.IV语法填空：1.Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsrid1ourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeep1(use)ourolddeviceswellaftertheygooutofstyle.2.That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdo2samethings.3.3(figure)outhowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedthe3(environment)costsforeachproductthroughoutitslife—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.4.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumption444%.V分析长难句1.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.2.Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.2018全国卷一D答案32.A观点态度题。根据文章第一段中的That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment–andourwallets–astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.可知，使用过时的电子设备对环境和我们的钱包都没有好处。做相同的事情这些过时的设备要消耗比新设备更多的能量。可推知作者认为新电子设备环保且节能。因此选A。33.D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife可知，Babbitt’steam研究的目的是弄清楚这些设备电的消耗量。因此选D。34.B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.可知，平板电脑是耗能最少的电子设备，可以降低44%的耗能。因此选B。35.A推理判断题。根据文章的整体内容可知，因为旧的电子设备不环保，耗能高。所以作者建议停止使用旧的电子设备。因此选A。深度阅读答案：I根据文章回答问题。1.Thepaperpointsoutthatresearchhasshownthatoldelectronicdevicesusemoreenergythannewones,sotheauthorsarguethatusingnewdevicesisbotheconomicalandenvironmentallyfriendly.2.Becausetheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.3.Theycontinuetousethem.4.Weshouldreplaceoldproductswithnewelectroni