2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷（解析版+原卷版无听力部分）

第第页2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷（解析版+原卷版，无听力部分）房山区2023年高三年级第一次模拟考试

英语

本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。

第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)

第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

IglancedtomyleftandrightasIgotreadyatthestartingline.Thesightofothercompetitorswhohadconfidentandfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumpsandIwasevenmore___1___thanbefore.

“Onyourmark,getset...Go!”shoutedtheraceofficial.Ipushedmyselfforwardwithallmy___2___andstartedrunningasthoughaprideofman-eatinglionswerecomingafterme.AsIran,Icouldseetheothercompetitorscatchingupwithme.Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees.Ahundredpairsofeyesboredintome,watchingme___3___togetup.ButnomatterhowhardItried,Ijustcouldnotdoit.

“No,itcannotendlikethis.Ihaveto___4___thisrace.”Ithoughttomyself.However,thepainfrommyinjurywassounbearablethatIfelttotally___5___.Ireallywantedtogiveup.

Outofdespair,Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor___6___herhandtome.

“Thankyou...”Iwhispered___7___asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup.

Shelentmehershoulderforsupport,andI___8___forward.Thecrowdcheeredatthisbrilliantdisplayof___9___.Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.

EventhoughInevergotthechancetolearnhername,IwillalwaysrememberherastheonewhosteppedforwardtohelpmewhenIwasin_____10_____.

1.A.tiredB.confusedC.nervousD.regretful

2.A.joyB.mightC.troubleD.shame

3.A.attemptB.hesitateC.waitD.pretend

4.A.organizeB.evaluateC.appreciateD.complete

5.A.defeatedB.inspiredC.shockedD.relaxed

6.A.wavedB.extendedC.showedD.pointed

7.A.proudlyB.cautiouslyC.awkwardlyD.gratefully

8.A.movedB.fellC.bentD.looked

9.A.partnershipB.sportsmanshipC.leadershipD.friendship

10.A.angerB.doubtC.needD.silence

【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D5.A6.B7.D8.A9.B10.C

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了在一次跑步比赛中，摔倒了，膝盖的疼痛让无法继续前进。就在感到绝望时，旁边的选手停下来，搀扶着走向终点线。这让很是感动，并会永远记住这个在他需要帮助时，及时向他伸出援助之手的人。

【1题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着旁边充满自信且表情凶神恶煞的其他竞争者，我感到浑身起鸡皮疙瘩，我比之前更加紧张。A.tired疲惫的；B.confused困惑的；C.nervous紧张的；D.regretful后悔的。根据前文“Thesightofothercompetitorswhohadconfidentandfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumps”可知，此处指看着旁边的人充满自信感到更加紧张，故选C。

【2题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用尽全身力气向前冲，尽管后面一群吃人的狮子紧跟在我后面。A.joy高兴，喜悦；B.might强大力量，威力；C.trouble困难；D.shame羞愧。根据后文“andstartedrunning”可知，此处指我用尽全身强大的力量先前冲，故选B。

【3题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：一百双眼睛盯着我看，看我努力试图爬起来。A.attempt企图，努力；B.hesitate犹豫；C.wait等待；D.pretend假装。根据前文“Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees.”可知，此处指我在赛跑时摔倒了，故努力试图爬起来，故填A。

【4题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心里想：“不，不能就这样结束了。我必须完成这次比赛”。A.organize组织；B.evaluate评估，评价；C.appreciate欣赏，感激；D.complete完成。根据前文“No,itcannotendlikethis.”可知，此处指不能就这样结束，我必须完成这次比赛，故选D。

【5题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，我膝盖上的疼痛如此无法忍受，以至于我感觉很泄气。A.defeated泄气的，受挫的；B.inspired受到鼓舞的；C.shocked震惊的；D.relaxed放松的。根据上文“However,thepainfrommyinjurywassounbearable”以及后文“Ireallywantedtogiveup.”可知，此处指我想放弃，因此我是感觉很泄气的，故选A。

【6题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一个善良的竞争者向我伸出了手。A.waved挥手；B.extended延伸，伸出；C.showed展示；D.pointed指向。根据后文“asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup”可知，此处指她向我伸出手，故选B。

【7题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我抓住她的手，她把我拉起来的时候，我感激地说着“谢谢你”。A.proudly骄傲地；B.cautiously谨慎地；C.awkwardly尴尬地；D.gratefully感激地。根据前文“akindcompetitor___6___herhandtome.”可知，此处指我很感激那个向我伸出手的竞争者，因此是感激地说着谢谢，故选D。

【8题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把肩膀借给我支撑，我向前移动。A.moved移动；B.fell摔，落；C.bent弯腰；D.looked看。根据后文“Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.”可知，此处指我支撑着她的肩膀，向终点线移动，故选A。

【9题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：观众为这种杰出的体育精神而欢呼。A.partnership合伙，合作关系；B.sportsmanship体育精神；C.leadership领导才能；D.friendship友谊。根据前文“Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.”可知，此处指我在比赛中摔倒了，旁边的人扶着我走向终点，这是一种体育精神，故选B。

【10题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我不知道她的名字，但我将永远记得她，因为她是在我有需要时，走上前来帮助我的那个人。A.anger怒气；B.doubt疑惑；C.need需要；D.silence沉默。根据前文“Outofdespair,Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor___6___herhandtome.”可知，此处指她在我需要帮助时，向我伸出了援助之手，故选C。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

A

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

WhenIwassevenyearsold,Icaughtacoldandhadtostayathome.Myparentshadtowork,somyneighborcameovertolookafterme.Shereadmanydifferentbookstome____11____(patient),includingadventuressetinancienttimes,travelstories,familydramas,historicalnovels,etc.Tomyjoy,____12____(listen)toeachbookmademefeellikewatchingamovie,butbetterbecausebooksgavemuchmoredetailsthanmovies.Shestartedmyinterestinreading.Nextyear,aftergraduatingfromcollege,I____13____(have)ajobteachingEnglish.IhopethatIcantransfertheloveofreadingtomystudents.

【答案】11.patiently

12.listening

13.willhave##amgoingtohave

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小时候，邻居激发了的阅读兴趣。

【11题详解】

考查副词。句意：她耐心地给我读了很多不同的书，包括古代冒险故事、旅行故事、家庭剧、历史小说等。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填patiently。

【12题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：让我高兴的是，每听一本书都让我感觉像在看电影，但更好，因为书比电影提供了更多的细节。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填listening。

【13题详解】

考查时态。句意：明年，大学毕业后，我将有一份教英语的工作。根据时间状语Nextyear可知，用一般将来时。故填willhave/amgoingtohave。

B

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

BeijingOlympicPark,also____14____(know)astheOlympicGreen,islocatedinChaoyangDistrict,Beijing,withatotallandareaof11.59squarekilometers.ThefamousNationalStadiumor“Bird’sNest”isthecenterpieceofthepark,____15____theopeningandclosingceremoniesofthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicswerehosted.TheNationalAquaticsCenteror“WaterCube”hostedtheswimming,divingandsynchronizedswimmingevents.Itwastransformed____16____the“IceCube”forthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicandParalympicGames,anddetachablecurlingtrackswerebuiltontheswimmingpooltohostcurlingevents.

【答案】14.known

15.where16.into##to

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了北京奥林匹克公园。

【14题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：北京奥林匹克公园，又称奥林匹克公园，位于北京市朝阳区，总土地面积11.59平方公里。根据句子分析可知，此处作定语，主语BeijingOlympicPark与know之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。

【15题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：著名的国家体育馆或者“鸟巢”是公园的中心，在这里举办了2022年北京冬奥会的开幕式和闭幕式。根据句子分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为ThefamousNationalStadiumor“Bird’sNest”，在定语从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导。故填where。

【16题详解】

考查介词。句意：为2022年北京冬奥会和残运会，将它改造成了“冰立方”，并在游泳池上建造了可拆卸的冰壶跑道，以举办冰壶比赛。根据句意可知，此处意为“转变为，改变为”，表达为betransformedinto/to。故填into/to。

C

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

WorldEnvironmentDay(WED)isadayweallneedtoputinour____17____(diary).IthappensonJune5everyyearandshouldbeoneofthemostimportantdaysoftheholidaycalendar.WED____18____(create)in1972bytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly.Theenvironmentwasn’tsuchabigissuebackthen.Butitisoneofthehottesttopicsintheworldtoday.WEDhelpsraiseworldwideawarenessofthethreatstoourenvironment.____19____peoplecandothatdayistostartchanginglifestylestoreducetheircarbonfootprint.Manyenvironmentalagenciesorganizeeventsbasedondifferentthemeseachyear.Theseeventsencouragebothgovernmentsandlocalcommunitiestoworktogether____20____(handle)environmentalproblems.

【答案】17.diaries

18.wascreated

19.What20.tohandle

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界环境日。

【17题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：世界环境日是我们每个人都需要记在日记里的一天。名词diary为可数名词，根据形容词性物主代词our可知，用名词的复数形式。故填diaries。

【18题详解】

考查时态语态。句意：世界环境日由联合国大会于1972年创立。根据时间状语in1972可知，用一般过去时。主语WED是单数，与create之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填wascreated。

【19题详解】

考查名词性从句。句意：人们在这一天能做的就是开始改变生活方式来减少碳足迹。本句为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填What。

【20题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这些活动鼓励政府和当地社区共同努力解决环境问题。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填tohandle。

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute(IBI)planstosetupabuddy(伙伴)peersupportproject.TheprojectwillhelpnewstudentsmeetcurrentstudentsatIBIwhocanprovidethemwithsomefriendlycompanyduringtheirfirstmonthsinNewcastleandhelpthemwithanysmallproblemsthattheymayhave.

What’sinitforyou

Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbepersonallysatisfyingtoknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.

Responsibilitiesofbuddies

·Telephoneandarrangetomakecontactwiththenewstudent.

·Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalarea.AnswerquestionsaboutlivinginNewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.

·Arrangetomeetthenewstudentonemorningorafternoononeweekendearlyinthesemester,andtakethestudenttoplacesthatyouenjoyinNewcastle.

·Bepreparedtotakephonecallsfromthenewstudenttoanswerfurtherquestionsthathe/shemayhavefromtimetotime.Meettoexplaininformationtothenewstudentinperson,ifrequired.

·Youwillbematchedtoanindividualnewstudent.However,ifyouhavefriendswhoarealsobuddies,youmightprefertoformasupportgrouptogether.Thiswouldmeanthatyoumeetthenewstudentsasagroupratherthanone-on-one.

·Beingabuddyisvoluntary.Thereisno“requirement”toprovideassistancebeyondthehelpoutlinedabove.

Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddyyouwillbeexpectedtofulfilyourroleconscientiouslyandcheerfully.Itwillbeimportanttobeconsiderateandreliablesothatthestudentcanfeelconfidentinyoursupport.

21.Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanyougetfrombeingabuddy

A.Youcanlearnhowtobeaconfidentperson.

B.Itiseasyforyoutofindsomefriendlycompany.

C.Youcanberewardedwithbothmoneyandprizes.

D.Itmaybehelpfulforyourfuturestudiesandcareer.

22.Asabuddy,youneedto________.

A.formasupportgroupwithothervolunteersatIBI

B.provideassistanceinstudyingeachsubjectafterclass

C.meetthenewstudenteverymorningearlyinthesemester

D.helpthenewstudentgetfamiliarwithhisorhersurroundings

23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage

A.Tointroducecampuslifefornewstudents.

B.Toattractpotentialvolunteerstobepeersupporters.

C.ToofferanopportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.

D.Toprovidesomeinformationaboutstudyingoverseas.

【答案】21.D22.D23.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的责任。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据What’sinitforyou部分中“Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.(它还会帮助你建立对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系)”可知，成为伙伴帮助者可能对你未来的学习和职业有帮助。故选D。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据Responsibilitiesofbuddies部分第二点中“Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalarea.(与学生见面，并带他/她参观校园和当地地区)”可知，作为一名伙伴帮助者，你需要帮助新生熟悉环境。故选D。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute(IBI)planstosetupabuddy(伙伴)peersupportproject.(为了帮助新生，国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立‘帮助伙伴项目’)”可知，文章主要介绍了国际商业学院（IBI）计划设立的‘帮助伙伴项目’的好处以及其成员的责任，目的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为伙伴帮助者。故选B。

B

Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwaytocommunicatewiththeworld—throughpainting.

Beforelearningtopaint,Lialwaysfeltlonelyinasilentworld.Sheknewshewasdifferentfromherpeersbecauseshecouldnothear.Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforheradoortocreativityandawayofexpression.

“Istillremembermyfirstmural,whichwastohelpakindergartentodesignandpaintitswall,”Lisays.“TheprojectmademerealizehowhappyIwasimmersingmyselfintopainting.”

Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesignatavocationalandtechnicalschool.“Paintingbrushescanhelpmecreateacolorfulworldinmyimagination,tellingmythoughtsonpaper,insteadofthroughvoices,”Lisaid.

Graduatingfromcollegein2023,Ligotajobasatypistatapublicinstitute.Butshecouldnotcommunicatewellwithherothercolleagues.Herhusbandunderstoodhowshefeltbecausehelosthishearingduetomedicationwhenhewas1yearold.Heisalsoanartlover.InMarch2023,underherhusband’ssuggestion,Liquitherjobandjoinedherhusband’scompany,whichspecializesin3Dwallandgroundpaintings.

Wallpaintingisademandingjobbecauseitrequirespeopletoworkoutdoors,whetherinextremelycoldorhotweather.Asallthepeoplearehearing-impairedintheircompany,communicationwithclientsisthemostcommonchallengethattheteamfaces.

Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehavecreatedlarge-scalemuralsandinteractivepavementpaintingthatmakeonlookersapartofthedrawings.

“MyhusbandandIwanttointroducepaintingtomorepeoplelikeusandhelpthemfindtheirownwaytomakealiving,”Lisays.NowLihasanapprenticewhojustgraduatedfromcollege.Whilecoachingthenewcomer,Liisexploringherownstyleandhopestobecomeanillustratorandopenherownexhibitiononeday.

“They’reenergeticyoungpeoplewithapassiontocreatenewthings,andyoucanfeelthatintheirpaintings,”oneoftheirclientssaid.“They’realsoaprofessional,dedicatedteam,oftenworkinglateintothenightonthedesignsforus.”

Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemorehearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirowncareersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessofhowtoughitmaybe.

24.Accordingtothepassage,thepaintingclassinprimaryschool________.

A.startedLi’sfirstadvertisingdesign

B.helpedLifindanewwaytoexpressherself

C.madeLilearnabout3Dwallandgroundpaintings

D.turnedLi’sdreamofopeninganexhibitionintoreality

25.Whatcanweknowfromthispassage

A.Licancommunicatewithherclientseasily.

B.LilostherhearingwhenshewasIyearold.

C.Liandherhusbandhavecreatedmanywonderfulpaintings.

D.Liandherhusbandhopetobecomeillustratorsinthefuture.

26.Tohelppeoplewithhearingloss,whatdoesLiintendtodo

A.Donatemoneytothem.B.Designpaintinggiftsforthem.

C.Inspirethemtocreatetheirowncareers.D.Supportthemtocompletecollegeeducation.

27.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus

A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

C.Acceptingwhatyouhavemakesyouhappy.D.Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhowilltry.

【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Li天生听力严重受损，但她通过绘画找到了与世界交流的方式，她希望她的故事能鼓励那些与她一样听力受损的人建立自己的事业，实现自己的梦想。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforheradoortocreativityandawayofexpression.(但小学的绘画课为她打开了一扇通往创造力和表达方式的大门。)”可知，小学的绘画课为她打开了创造力与表达自己的大门。故选B项。

【25题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehavecreatedlarge-scalemuralsandinteractivepavementpaintingthatmakeonlookersapartofthedrawings.(现在，在很多公园和景区，这对夫妇创作了大型壁画和互动路面绘画，让旁观者成为绘画的一部分。)”可知，在许多公园和景点都能见到Li与她丈夫的作品，由此可知，她与她丈夫创作了许多美好的绘画。故选C。

【26题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemorehearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirowncareersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessofhowtoughitmaybe.(Li希望他们的故事可以鼓励更多的听障人士建立自己的事业并实现自己的目标，无论多么艰难。)”可知，Li希望用自己的故事激励那些跟她一样听力受损的人无论有多难，要建立自己的事业，实现自己的梦想。故选C项。

27题详解】

主旨大意题。根据首段“Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwaytocommunicatewiththeworld—throughpainting.(天生患有严重的听力损失，李找到了与世界交流的方式——通过绘画。)”可知，Li虽听力受损，但她仍找到了与世界沟通的方式——绘画，根据第四段中的“Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesignatavocationalandtechnicalschool.(为了追求自己对艺术的热情，李去一所职业技术学校学习广告设计。)”可知，她为追求自己对艺术热爱，她上大学学习广告设计，并顺利毕业，找到一份工作，但她不满意自己的工作状况，又辞职与她丈夫从事3D墙面和地面绘画，并在各公园和旅游景点创作许多的艺术作品，由此可知，本文主要告诉我们的是，只要肯努力，没有什么不可能。故选D项。

C

Vastunderwatermeadows(草甸)ofgentlywavingseagrasscoverhundredsofmilesupanddowntheWestCoast.Theseblue-greenfieldsperformavarietyofimportantservices.Theyprotecttheshorelinefromerosion,clearpollutantsfromthewaterandprovidehabitatsforallkindsofmarineanimals.

Newresearchsuggestsseagrassmeadowsmayalsomitigateaseriousconsequenceofgreenhousegasemissions:thesteadyacidificationofoceanwaters.ThestudypublishedinthejournalGlobalChangeBiologyfindsthatseagrassforestscanraisepHlevelsincoastalwaters.Astheyperformphotosynthesis(光合作用),theyremovecarbondioxidefromthewater,counteractingtheacidifyingeffectofthegas.

“Ithinkweareallveryexcitedaboutit,”saidleadstudyauthorAuroraRicart,ascientistattheBigelowLaboratoryforMarineSciences.

Oceanacidificationisasideeffectofrisingcarbondioxidelevelsintheatmosphere.SomeofthisCO2dissolvesoutoftheairandintotheseacausingachemicalreactionthatlowersthewater’spH.Scientistssometimesrefertoitasglobalwarming’s“eviltwin”—aninvisiblecompaniontoclimatechange.

Oceanacidificationcanhaveharmfuleffectsonmarineorganismslikeshellfishandcoralbypreventingthemfromproperlyformingthehardshellstheyneedtosurvive.It’sathreatbothtonaturalecosystemsandtoshellfishfisheriesaroundtheworld.Thestudypresentsanaturalwaytoaddresstheproblem.

Researchersanalyzedsixyearsofdatafromseagrassmeadowsspanningmorethan600milesofftheCaliforniacoastline.Itfocusedonthecommoneelgrass,oneofthemostwidespreadseagrassspeciesontheWestCoast.Theauthorsclaimit’sthelargest,mostcomprehensivestudyofitskind.

Accordingtothestudy,seagrassecosystemscanraisepHlevelsbymorethan0.1unit,equivalenttoabouta30%decreaseinacidity.Theeffectisn’tconstant.Itcomesinwavesandisinfluencedbytemperature,daylight,oceancurrentsandotherfactorsthataffectwaterchemistryandseagrassphotosynthesisrates.Butthetemperinginfluenceonacidificationcanbelasting,sometimespersistingforuptothreeweeksatatime.ThestudyalsoshowsthatpHishigherinseagrassecosystems,comparedtonearbyareaswithnoseagrass,about65%ofthetime.

Thestudydidn’tinvestigatetheeffectsofhigherpHonmarineorganisms—that’saquestionforfutureresearch.Butthere’sreasontobelievethesemeadowsmayhaveapositiveinfluenceonshellfishandotheroceananimals.

28.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage

A.SeagrassforestscanlowerpHlevelsofcoastalwaters.

B.Shellfishandcoralsarenotaffectedbyoceanacidification.

C.Seagrassmeadowscanhelpremovepollutantsfromtheseawater.

D.TheeffectsofhigherpHonmarineorganismswereinvestigatedinthisstudy.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigate”inParagraph2probablymean

A.Relieve.B.Present.C.Cause.D.Predict.

30.Paragraph7tellsustheresearch________.

A.findingsB.processC.questionsD.reflection

31.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage

A.Toillustratetheserioussituationofclimatechange.

B.Topresentthelivingconditionsoftheunderwatermeadows.

C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofresearchonmarinepollution.

D.Tointroduceanaturalwaytosolvetheproblemofoceanacidification.

【答案】28.C29.A30.A31.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，海草草甸还可以缓解由温室气体排放导致的海水持续酸化。

【28题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theyprotecttheshorelinefromerosion,clearpollutantsfromthewaterandprovidehabitatsforallkindsofmarineanimals.(它们保护海岸线免受侵蚀，清除水中的污染物，为各种海洋动物提供栖息地)”可知，海草草甸可以帮助去除海水中的污染物。故选C。

【29题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第二段中“ThestudypublishedinthejournalGlobalChangeBiologyfindsthatseagrassforestscanraisepHlevelsincoastalwaters.Astheyperformphotosynthesis(光合作用),theyremovecarbondioxidefromthewater,counteractingtheacidifyingeffectofthegas.(这项发表在《全球变化生物学》杂志上的研究发现，海草林可以提高沿海水域的pH值。当它们进行光合作用时，它们会从水中去除二氧化碳，抵消气体的酸化作用)”可知，海草能去除水中的二氧化碳，从而抵消气体的酸化作用，由此可推知，画线词所在句意为“新的研究表明，海草草地还可以缓解温室气体排放的严重后果：海水的持续酸化”，mitigate意为“缓解”。故选A。

【30题详解】

段落大意题。根据第七段内容，结合本段首句“Accordingtothestudy,seagrassecosystemscanraisepHlevelsbymorethan0.1unit,equivalenttoabouta30%decreaseinacidity.(根据这项研究，海草生态系统可以将pH值提高0.1个单位以上，相当于酸度降低30%左右)”以及末句“ThestudyalsoshowsthatpHishigherinseagrassecosystems,comparedtonearbyareaswithnoseagrass,about65%ofthetime.(研究还表明，与附近没有海草的地区相比，海草生态系统的pH值在65%的时间里更高)”可知，本段主要告诉我们这项研究的结果。故选A。

【31题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Newresearchsuggestsseagrassmeadowsmayalsomitigateaseriousconsequenceofgreenhousegasemissions:thesteadyacidificationofoceanwaters.(新的研究表明，海草草地还可以缓解温室气体排放的严重后果：海水的持续酸化)”及第五段最后一句“Thestudypresentsanaturalwaytoaddresstheproblem.(这项研究提出了一种解决这一问题的自然方法)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，海草草甸可以缓解由温室气体排放导致的海水持续酸化，故本文目的是介绍一种解决海洋酸化问题的自然方法。故选D。

D

Whenspecialoccasionssuchasbirthdaysorotherbigholidayeventscomearound,parentsoftenlookforthatspecialtoyfortheirchildren.Butthereisagrowingunderstandingthatgiftsoftimeandbonding,suchasvacationsandotherexperiences,makebetterandmorelastinggiftsforchildren.

Expertsagreethatgiftingchildrenwithmemorabletripsandfunexperiencesisbetterfortheirbodyandmind,andhascorrespondingpositiveimpactsontherestofthefamily!

Ina2023studythatsurveyedabout500womenbetween18and93yearsold,Dr.Oravecz,ahumandevelopmentandfamilystudiesprofessoratPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,asked,“Mostpeoplefeellovedwhen...”Thestudyshowedthatthemostpopularanswershadnothingtodowithanymaterialitem.Dr.Oraveczsaid,“Ourresearchfoundthatmicro-momentsofpositivity,likeakindword,ahugwithachildorasympatheticexpression,makepeoplefeelmostloved.”

ClinicalpsychologistOliverJamesagrees.Hestatedthatasopposedtotoys,detailsfromatriparemorelikelyto“stickwiththemforlongafterthevacationends.”Whenfamiliesinteractinastress-freeenvironment,thiscreateswarm,generousfeelingstowardsoneanother,whicharelikelytoberememberedwithfondness.Vacationscreatestrongemotionalresponsesthatdon’toftencomewithmaterialpossessions.

Inaddition,BritishchildpsychologistDr.MargotSunderlandbelievesthatvacationsmakechildrensmarter.“Whatislesswidelyknownisthatvacationscanalsoadvancebraindevelopmentinchildren.Thisisbecauseonafamilyvacation,youareexercisingtwogeneticallyingrainedsystemsdeepinthebrain’slimbic(边缘的)area,whichcanalltooeasilybe‘unexercised’inthehome.”CitingtheworkofneuroscientistJaakPanksepp,Dr.Sunderlandsaid,“ThesearethePLAYsystemandtheSEEKINGsystem.”“Thebrain’sPLAYsystemisexercisedeverytimeyouburyyourchild’sfeetinthesandortakethemforarideonyourback.TheSEEKINGsystemisexercisedeachtimeyougoexploringtogether:thebeach,acave,ahiddenvillage...”Shecontinued,“Sowhenyoutakeyourchildonavacation,youaresupportingtheirexplorativeurge(SEEKINGsystem)—avitalresourceforlivinglifewell,andtheircapacitytoplay(PLAYsystem).Inadulthood,thistranslatesintotheabilitytoplaywithideas—essential,forexample,tothesuccessfulentrepreneur(企业家).”

Inabusyhousehold,perhapsthefunofhavingthelatesttoymaynotlast,butthespaceitoccupiesinthehousecouldbethereandgatherdust.Soforthenextroundofgift-givingwiththechildren,consideranexperientialgiftinstead.Thereturnisdefinitelypriceless.

32.FromDr.Oravecz’sstudy,weknowthat________.

A.hearingkindwordscanmakeapersonfeelmostloved

B.aspecialtoyforabirthdayismorelastingforchildren

C.womenattheageof18and93yearsoldfeelmoreloved

D.thefeelingofbeinglovediscloselyrelatedtomaterialgifts

33.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage

A.Thecapacitytoplaycantranslateintotheabilitytoseek.

B.TheSEEKINGsystemcandevelopwhenadventuringinthewild.

C.PLAYandSEEKINGsystemsaremoreeasilyexercisedathome.

D.Buryingyourchild’sfeetinthemudisexercisingtheSEEKINGsystem.

34.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat________.

A.materialgiftsarebetterforachild’sbodyandmind

B.childrenspendingvacationswiththeirparentsaremoregenerous

C.tripswithfamilycanformbetteremotionalinteractionsthanmaterialgifts

D.vacationswithemployeesareawasteoftimeforasuccessfulentrepreneur

【答案】32.A33.B34.C

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了研究发现，在重大节日时，给孩子时间和感情的礼物，会给孩子们带来更好、更持久的礼物。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Dr.Oraveczsaid,“Ourresearchfoundthatmicro-momentsofpositivity,likeakindword,ahugwithachildorasympatheticexpression,makepeoplefeelmostloved.”(Oravecz博士说道：“我们的研究发现，小的积极时刻，比如说一句友善的话语、与孩子的拥抱或者同情的表情，会最让人感到被爱”。)”可知，听到友善的话语会最让人感觉到被爱，故选A。

【33题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“TheSEEKINGsystemisexercisedeachtimeyougoexploringtogether:thebeach,acave,ahiddenvillage...”Shecontinued,“Sowhenyoutakeyourchildonavacation,youaresupportingtheirexplorativeurge(SEEKINGsystem)—avitalresourceforlivinglifewell,andtheircapacitytoplay(PLAYsystem).Inadulthood,thistranslatesintotheabilitytoplaywithideas—essential,forexample,tothesuccessfulentrepreneur(企业家).”(每次那么一起探索时，都会使用到寻找系统：沙滩、洞穴、隐藏的村庄……她继续说道：“所以，当你带孩子度假时，你是在支持他们的探索冲动（也就是寻找系统）——这是过好生活的重要资源，也是他们玩耍的能力（玩耍系统）”。成年后，这将转化为对成功企业家至关重要的想法的能力。)”可推知，你在带孩子探索时，是在支持他们的探索系统，故当在野外探索时，探索系统会得到一定的发展，故选B。

【34题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Soforthenextroundofgift-givingwiththechildren,consideranexperientialgiftinstead.Thereturnisdefinitelypriceless.(因此，在下一轮给孩子送礼物时，可以考虑体验式礼物。其带来的回报是无价的。)”可推知，在最后建议家长下次给孩子送礼物的时候，送体验式礼物，故同意，比起物质礼物，与家人一起的旅行更能促进家人之间的情感交流，故选C。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Hasanyoneevertoldyou,“Standupstraight!”orscoldedyouforsittinglazilyatafamilydinnerCommentslikethatmightbeannoying,butthey’renotwrong.

____35____Itisthefoundationforeverymovementyourbodymakes,andcandeterminehowwellyourbodyadaptstothestressesonit.Thesestressescanbethingslikecarryingweight,orsittinginanawkwardposition.____36____

Ifyourpostureisn’tgoodenough,yourmuscleshavetoworkhardertokeepyouuprightandbalanced.Somemuscleswillbecometightandinflexible.____37____Itincreasesthelikelihoodofaccidents,andmakessomeorgans,likeyourlungs,lessefficient.

SowhatdoesgoodposturelooklikeIfyou’resitting,yourneckshouldbevertical,nottiltedforward.Yourshouldersshouldberelaxedwithyourarmsclosetoyourtrunk.Yourkneesshouldbeatarightanglewithyourfeetflatonthefloor.Butwhatifyourposturecan’tbethatgreat____38____Forexample,adjustyourscreensoit’satorslightlybeloweyelevel.Makesureallpartsofyourbody,likeyourelbowsandwrists,aresupported.

It’salsonotenoughtojusthavegoodposture.Keepingyourmusclesandjointsmovingisextremelyimportant.Infact,beingstillforlongperiodswithgoodpo