新教材高中英语UNIT2Naturaldisasters突破语法大冲关学案译林版

UNIT2Naturaldisasters动词不定式作定语和结果状语不定式作定语表示未做的事情。不定式作状语通常表示目的、结果和原因。[观察例句]①Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave. 作定语②Haveyougotalettertowrite？ 作定语③DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish？ 作定语④Heissuchagoodteacherastoberespectedbyallhisstudents.作结果状语⑤Herushedtothestationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.作结果状语[知识拓展](一)不定式作定语1．不定式作定语，置于被修饰词之后，常表示未发生的动作，其被动式为tobedone。Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。2．如果是不及物动词，其不定式后面需有相应的介词。TheGreenshaveacomfortablehousetolivein.格林一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。3．有时，尽管是及物动词并且还带了宾语，如不定式所修饰的名词/代词是不定式动作发生的地点或动作发生所使用的工具等，该不定式后仍需有适当的介词。Let'sfirstfindaroomtoputourthingsin.咱们先找个房间放东西。4．中心词是序数词或被序数词(thefirst，thesecond)、最高级、thelast，theonly等修饰时，用不定式作定语。ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。5．way，promise，plan，offer，decision，ability，warning等抽象名词后常用不定式作定语。Shesaidshehadnoplanstogothere.她说她没有去那里的打算。[即学即练1]单句语法填空①Hisfirstbooktobepublished(publish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.②Thereisnoonetolook(look)afterher.③Sheisnowlookingforaroomtolive(live)in.④For25days，sheneverleftherbaby，noteventofindsomethingtoeat(eat)!(二)不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语时表示谓语动作的结果。往往表示“令人意想不到的”意思，其前面加上only时以加强语气。WhathaveIsaidtomakeyousoexcited?我说了什么使你这么激动？[名师点津]下列结构的不定式可构成结果状语：too...todo，enoughtodo，so/such...asto，only/justtodo。IarrivedattheshoponlytofindI'dleftallmymoneyathome.我到了商店，结果发现我把钱落在了家里。Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.那个小男孩足够大可以上学了。Heistooweaktodothework.他身体太弱了不能做这项工作。[即学即练2]单句语法填空①Dinosaurshavecompletelydiedoutontheearth，nevertobeseen(see)again.②Hegothomeonlytolearn(learn)thathisgrandfatherwasill.③Whenanewdaybreaks，thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenoughtocool(cool)thehouseduringthehotday.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Asitwastoodeeptoclimb(climb)down，Ihangedmyguntooneofthemenandsliddownit.2．Onlythismanwasstrongenoughtolift(lift)theheavystone.3．Thequestiontobediscussed(discuss)nextyearhassomethingimportanttodowithourdailylife.4．Herearesimplewaystokeep(keep)yournearlylostfriendshipalive.5．Sixteenyearsearlier，Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringtocook(cook)ameal.6．Let'sfindaknifetocut(cut)itwith.7．Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofricetoimprove(improve)waterquality.8．Thegirlwastoonervoustowalk(walk)fartherwhenshesawthesnake.9．Withalotofhomeworktodo(do)，Ican'tgoskatingwithyou.10．Hewassurprisedtobeinformed(inform)ofthenews.Ⅱ.短文语法填空Thereisawonderfulstoryaboutayounggirlwhohadnofamilyandnoone1.tolove(love)her.Oneday，2.feeling(feel)verysadandlonely，shewaswalkingthroughagrasslandwhenshenoticedasmallbutterfly3.caught(catch)inathornybush.Theyounggirlcarefullyreleasedthebutterfly.Insteadof4.flying(fly)away，thelittlebutterflychangedintoabeautifulfairy.“Inreturnforyourwonderfulkindness，”thegoodfairysaidtothegirl，“Iwillgiveyouanywishthatyouwouldlike5.toget(get)．”Thelittlegirlthoughtforamomentandthenreplied，“Iwanttobehappy.”6．Leaning(lean)towardher，thefairywhisperedinherearandthendisappeared.Withthelittlegirl7.growing(grow)up，therewasnooneinthelandhappierthanshewas.Everyonewantedtomakethemselves8.told(tell)thesecretofhappinessbyher.Shewouldonlysmileandanswer，“ThesecretofmyhappinessisthatIlistenedtoagoodfairywhenIwasalittlegirl.”Whenshewasdying，theneighborsallgatheredaroundher，9.fearing(fear)thatherunbelievablesecretofhappinesswoulddiewithher.So