译林版（2023）必修第一册Unit 3 Getting along with others 单元测试卷（含解析无听力部分）

第第页译林版（2023）必修第一册Unit3Gettingalongwithothers单元测试卷（含解析，无听力部分）必修Book1Unit3Gettingalongwithothers

单元测试卷

(时间：90分钟满分：120分)

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

（2023春·江苏盐城·高一期末）

DearMotherandDad,MyroommateSyd,maybeaproblem.He’ssocareless.Hewhistles(吹口哨)realloudthroughthisgapinhisfrontteeth,too.Plus,ureaheknockedoverourlampandbrokeit.Sydalsowearsafunnybluehatforgoodluck,butIdon’tthinkit’sworking.Love,Bryan

DearMomandPop,Myroommate,Bryan,seemskindofjumpy,likeourcatwhenyouturnonthecleaner.Hehungupabigposterofalltheconstellations(星座),somaybehe’llteachmehowtofindthem.I’msurewe’llbebestfriends.GuesswhatOurcampgotanewlamp.Love,Syd

DearMotherandDad,Sydinvitestroublelikemygiantmagnetsattractpaperclips.Wewentforahike,andSydsteppedonawasps’(黄蜂)nest.Thewaspswerenothappy.Heraceddownthepath,andtherestofusrantheotherway.PoorSydgotstung(蛰)twiceonhisface.Nowhehashugechipmunkcheeks.Ofcourse,hecanstillwhistle,butIdon’tmindanymore.Love,Bryan

DearMomandPop,Iplantojointhecross-countryteam.TodayIranhalfamileinaboutthreeminutes.Thewaspsrunningaftermeprobablyhelpedalittle.DidyouknowthatsomewaspsmaketheirnestsonthegroundDad,willyouhelpmetrainforcross-countrywhenIgethomePS:IheardBryanwhistlingalongwithmeyesterday.Lastnight,heshowedmetheBigDipperconstellation.ThenwemadeupanewconstellationandnameditWasper.Welaughedourheadsoff.Love,Syd

1．WhydoSydandBryanwriteletters

A．Toupdatetheirparents

B．Toshowtheimportanceofmakingfriends.

C．Tosharewiththeirfriendscampmemories.

D．Toinvitetheirparentstothecampingactivities.

2．Whatdoweknowaboutthetwoboys

A．Theyknockedoveranewlamp.

B．Theygotseriouslyhurtbythewasps.

C．Theyarguedwhentheyfirstmetatthecamp.

D．Theyenjoyedthemselvesstudyingconstellations.

3．WhatwillBryanprobablywriteaboutinthenextletter

A．Howmuchhewantstogobackhome.

B．Howexcitedheistofindthewasps’nest.

C．HowhappyheistowhistletogetherwithSyd.

D．Howmuchhedesirestotrainforcross-country.

B

（2023春·广东揭阳·高一校考期末）“I’llbethereinafewminutes.I’mplayingagamewithafriend,aguynamedScuzzball,”my15-year-oldsonshoutedfromhisroom.“Oh,whatisScuzzball’srealname”Iasked.“Ihavenoidea.”Hesaid.“Whereishefrom”Icontinued.Heresponded,“IthinksomewhereinCanada.Oh,wait,itdoesn’tevenmatterbecauseScuzzballjustleftthegameandhehasbeenreplacedwitharobot.”

“Yourfriendisreplacedbyartificialintelligence”“Itdoesn’tmatter,Dad.Ithappensallthetime!Thegamecontinues.”Mysondoesn’tmindplayingwithapersonorarobot,whichistypicalofgamersthesedays.Iwonderwhethertheface-to-faceexperienceoffriendshipthatIgrewupwithwillbelostbyourchildren.

Aristotle,agreatthinkerandeducator,haspointedoutthatshallowfriendshipiseasilyformedbutalsoeasilyabandonedbecausesuchbondsarefragile.Deepfriendship,bycontrast,iswhenyoucareforyourfriendforhissake,notforanybenefityoucanget.Thisisselflessfriendship.Youcanhaveonlyacoupleofthesefriendsbecausetheyrequirelotsoftimeandeffort.Youmustmakesacrificesforeachother.

Presenceinfriendshiprequires“beingwith”and“doingfor”.Perhapsthemostdefiningfeatureofdeepfriendshipis“doingfor”,asmyfriendhasmybackintroubleorbringsmesoupwhenI’msick.Onlystrongbondshavethepowertomotivaterealsacrifices.Butitisunclearwhyonline“friends”wouldbothertodothehardworkoffriendship.WhenIaskedmystudentswhethertheyhadpeopleintheirliveswhowouldbringthemsoupwhentheyweresick,theylaughedatmyStoneAgequestionandsaidthey’djustordersouponlinethemselves.

Digitallifefillsandabsorbswakinglifetimesothatpeopledonotjoininexamplecaseoffriendship,likesports,collectivearts,freerangechildhoods,etc.Inthisway,digitallifeproducesfalsefriendships.

4．Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext

A．Byquotingfamousmottoes.

B．Byintroducinganonlinegame.

C．Byshowingrobots’irreplaceablerole.

D．Bypresentingaparent-childconversation.

5．WhatdoestheauthormainlyexplaininParagraph3

A．Impactofselfishfriendship.

B．Themeaningofdeepfriendship.

C．Selflesssacrificesinfriendship.

D．Theformationofshallowfriendship.

6．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4

A．Orderingfoodonlineforfriendsisanexampleof“beingwith”.

B．Thestudentsthoughthighlyoftheteacher’squestion.

C．Virtualfriendswon’tmakerealsacrifices.

D．Robotswillhaveourbackintrouble.

7．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A．TheBenefitsofDigitalLife

B．DigitalizedFriendship

C．Face-to-faceCommunication

D．TheSacrificesofOnlineFriends

C

Althoughsocialmediacanbeenjoyableandbeneficial,onlinerelationshipssimplycannotreplacereallifeconnection.Butsimplybeinginthefleshwithsomeonedoesnotmakealasting,meaningfulrelationship,whichgotmethinking:what,exactly,doesMysearchtoanswerthisquestiontookmebackmorethan2,000yearstoAristotle’sNichomacheanEthics.WhatIfoundcouldn’tbemoreinsightful,anditringsjustastruetodayasitmusthavethen.

Aristotlewritesthattherearethreedifferentkindsoffriendship:

FRIENDSHIPSBASEDONUTILITY,inwhichoneorbothofthepartiesgainsomethingasaresultofthefriendship(think:muchofthemodern“networking”enterprise,orbecomingfriendswithsomeonebecauseyouthinktheycanhelpyou).

FRIENDSHIPSBASEDONPLEASURE,orthosecenteredaroundpleasantexperiences(think:peoplewithwhomyoucanhaveagood,carefreetime).

FRIENDSHIPSBASEDONVIRTUE,inwhichbothindividualssharethesamevalues(think:peoplewhomyouadmireandrespect,andwithwhomyousharewhatyoufindmostimportantinlife).

It’sfascinatingthat,centuriesago,Aristotleofferedthatmanyindividualoftenpursuefriendshipsprimarilyforutility.Andit’seasytoseethatsomethingsneverchange.

Likewise,hewrote,“Thosewholovebecauseofwhatisgoodforthemselves,andthosewholovebecauseofpleasuredosobecauseofwhatispleasanttothemselves.Yetwhatonefindsusefulorpleasurable,isnotpermanentbutisalwayschanging;thus,whenthereasonforthefriendshipisdoneaway,thefriendshipisdissolved.”

It’sOKtohavesomefriendshipsmainlyforutilityandpleasure,butit’simportanttorealizethatthesefilladifferentpurposeandarelikelytohaveashorterlifespanthanonebuiltuponsharedvirtue.Anditisthefriendshipsbasedonvirtuethatareworthprotectingandcherishing.Buttheyrequireconsiderableenergytomaintain--asAristotlewrote,“lackofconversationhasbrokenmanyafriendship”--butwhatyougetoutofthesefriendshipseasilyoutweighswhatyouputin.

8．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsAristotle’sgroupingoffriendship

A．Supportive.B．Opposed.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.

9．HowdoestheauthorillustrateAristotle’sthreekindsoffriendship

A．Bygivingexamples.B．Byofferinginstructions.

C．Bymakingcomparisons.D．Bydrawingconclusions.

10．Whycan’tfriendshipbasedonutilityandpleasurelastlong

A．Becausetherearealwaysotherfriendsaround.

B．Becausepeopleonlyconsidertheirownbenefits.

C．Becausepeople’spursuitisnotalwaysthesame.

D．Becausedifferentpeoplemakefriendsfordifferentreasons.

11．AccordingtoAristotle,howcanonekeepalongerfriendship

A．Spendface-to-facetimewithyourfriends.

B．Keeptalkingtotheoneswithsharedvalues.

C．Valuetheadvantagesyougetoutofafriend.

D．Createapleasantatmosphereforaconversation.

D

（2023春·湖南岳阳·高一统考期末）Lifeaffects(影响)friendships.Aswegrow,marry,fightinwars,moveacrossthecountryorchangejobs,oldfriendshipsfallawayandnewonescome.Aslongaswelive,thethingsarounduschange,andaslongasthingschange,friendshipsareaffected.

Whenwewerechildren,wehadbestfriends.Nomatterwhathappenedwewerestillfriends.Weliveourlives,however,anddowhatlifecallsforustodo,andaswegotolder,memoriesarelost,facesgetchanged,andevenfriends’namesfromchildhoodareforgotten.

DoyouhaveaquestionaboutfriendshipDoyouwonderwhattodowithafriendwhoisnolongerfriendlyPerhapsyouwillseethatyoucan’tcontrolothers.Ifsomeonewantstobeyourfriend,itistheirchoice.Allyoucandoistreatthemwellanddothebestforthemwhenyouarewiththem.Thenyouwishthemwellwhentheyleave.

Youcantalktooldtimersandtheywilltellyouthatlifeisfullofunbelievablejoyandunbelievablesorrow,andthatwhatbothersyoutodaywillonedaybecomesamemoryandthepainwillbegone.Seniorsmighttellyouthatyouwilllearnmoreasyougetolder.Theywilltellyouthatfriendshipscomeandfriendshipsgo.Sometimeswhentheygoitwillhurt,butyouwillbeokaywithit.It’sthewaylifeworks,afterall.

12．Whatcanwelearnaboutfriendship,accordingtothetext

A．Friendshipcannotbeeasilyaffectedbyone’sfamily.

B．Friendsarealwaysaroundusandwillnevergoaway.

C．Friendsinchildhoodaresometimesforgottenbyus.

D．Friendsinchildhoodarethebestnomatterwhathappens.

13．Whatshouldwedowithfriendswhoarenolongerfriendlyintheauthor’sopinion

A．Careaboutthemanddothebestforthemwhenwearetogether.

B．Forgetthemandmakenewfriendswhohavealotincommonwithus.

C．Findthereasonwhyourfriendshiphaschanged.

D．Doourbesttocontrolthemandmakethemlistentous.

14．Whattheoldtimersandseniorsinthelastparagraphtellyouaboutfriendshipwill_______.

A．makeyouhavenogoodfriends

B．helpyouhavehealthyunderstandingoffriendship

C．remindyoutoalwayshelpyourfriends

D．leadyoutobeapowerfulman

15．Thebesttitleofthepassagecouldbe________.

A．Howtosharehappinesswithfriends

B．Howtodealwithunfriendlypeople

C．Howtomakegoodfriends

D．Howtofacethechangesinfriendshi

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

（2023春·安徽合肥·高一校联考期末）MoviesandTVshowswouldhaveyoubelievethatfriendshipsjustfallintoplaceeffortlessly,withoutmuchconflict.35Bybuildingastrongfoundationforyourfriendshipandworkingtoreduceconflict,maintainingyourrelationshipswithfriendswillbecomeawholeloteasier.

Bepositive.

Focusingontheupsidemakesyouabetterfriend.36Ifyou’resomeonewholikesdiscussingemotionalsubjects,that’sokay,butremembertostrikeabalanceandtalkaboutmorecheerfulorlightheartedtopics,too.Discussingsomethingassimpleasbooksorvideogames,orsharingfunnyorupliftingstories,isbetterforyourfriendships(andeveryone’smoods).

Displayinterestinyourfriends.

37Whenyoudon’tknowwhattotalkabout,itcanbetemptingtotalkaboutyourself—butifyouonlytalkaboutyourself,yourfriendsmightgetannoyed.Makinganefforttolearnaboutyourfriendsshowsthemthatyouwanttoknowaboutwhotheyare,andhelpsyoubuildabetterrelationshipwiththem.Askthemopen-endedquestionsabouttheirlivesandinterests—itwillgoalongway!

Listentothem.

Listeningisjustasimportantasshowinginterest.38Giveyourfriendyourfullattention,andmakementalnotesabouttheimportantthingsintheirlives—likethenamesoftheirlovedones,thingstheylike,andmajorthingsthathavehappened(orarehappening)intheirlives.

39

Everyfriendwillhavetheirownodditiesandbehaviors.Whileit’simportanttosolvefriendshipproblems,sometimesa“problem”issominorthatit’snotworthstartingapossibleconflictoverit—likeifthey’realwaysfiveminuteslate.Plus,tryingtochangehowyourfriendactscanbetiringforyouboth.Acceptingyourfriend’s“goodsides”and“badsides”willmakeiteasiertogetalong.

A．Respectyourdifferences.

B．Yourfriendswanttofeellikeyoucareabouttheirlives..

C．Complaintsabouthopelesssituationscanwearyourfriendsthinafterawhile

D．Reflectbackwhatyouheardbyretellingwhattheysaid.

E．It’llhelpyoulearnaboutyourfriendsandsupportthemwhentheyneedit.

F．Inreallife,though,friendshiptakesalotofworkandcanbecomplicatedsometimes!

G．Acceptyourfriendsastheyare.

第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

（2023春·湖南长沙·高一湖南师大附中校考期末）Oneevening,PaulO’SullivanfeltboredinhisBaltimoreapartment.SohegotontoFacebooktofindoutjusthowmanyothersonthesocialnetwork1hisname.Momentslater,dozensofPaulO’Sullivansfromaroundtheworldfilledhis2.Thethen-27-year-oldemployeesentfriendrequeststothemall.

ManyofhisfellowPaulO’Sullivans3him,butafewfelttoocuriousto4hisinvitation.PaulO’SullivanfromRotterdamintheNetherlandssays,“Myfirst5was‘Whoisthisguyandwhatdoeshewantfromme’SoIthoughtaboutitforawhile.”Ultimately,hecouldn’tresistthe6friendrequest.AsBaltimorePaulscrolledthroughtheprofilesofthePaulO’Sullivanswhoacceptedhisinvitation,henoticedsomethingfourofthemhaveincommon:Theywereall7.Wouldn’titbefunnyifthey8abandcalledThePaulO’SullivansTheotherPaulsall9andtheycreatedasortofmusicalassemblyline.InMarch,theyputontheirfirstsongabout10relationships.Whenpeoplearefacingbigpressurefromworkorlife,writingasongwithsomeoneacrosstheoceanmadethemfeelless11.

Butjustmonthslater,BaltimorePaulbeganexperiencinghealthissuesthat12himtotaketimeofffrommakingmusic.TomakesureBaltimorePaulneverfeltalone,13withthemilesbetweenthem,theotherPaulssharedfamilypictures,chattedliveonInstagram,andcheckedinonBaltimorePaulandononeanother.

“Whataretheodds(机率)”saysBaltimorePaul,“thatarandomFacebook14wouldleadnotonlytonewmusicbutto15aswellSomethingsarejustmeanttobe.”

21．A．sharedB．calledC．mentionedD．liked

22．A．mindB．screenC．apartmentD．time

23．A．ignoredB．trickedC．greetedD．praised

24．A．makeoutB．passupC．askforD．applyfor

25．A．measureB．innovationC．reactionD．emotion

26．A．ordinaryB．unusualC．preciousD．formal

27．A．writersB．employeesC．musiciansD．workers

28．A．observedB．maintainedC．exploredD．formed

29．A．reflectedB．aidedC．agreedD．gathered

30．A．remoteB．cheapC．disappointingD．strange

31．A．confusedB．addictedC．injuredD．trapped

32．A．remindedB．forcedC．taughtD．allowed

33．A．stillB．onlyC．evenD．just

34．A．requestB．pageC．accountD．user

35．A．businessB．successC．fameD．friendship

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

（2023春·湖南长沙·高一统考期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Whetheritisachild,ateenager,amiddle-agedpersonoranoldperson,everybodyneedsgoodfriends.

During36(child),friendshiphelpsusunderstandanddevelopthehabitofsharingandcaring.Smallkidsdevelopfriendshipfasterthanadultsandtheyenjoythecompanyoftheirfriends.Theyplayandlearntogether.Makingfriends37(be)importantfortheirpropergrowthanddevelopment.Asteenagers,friendsbecome38(important)forus.Wego39manychangesduringourteenagelife.Manyoftheproblems40(face)duringthisagecannotbediscussedwithourparentsandother41(family).42,wearequitecomfortablecommunicatingwithourfriends.Havinggoodfriends43canlistentoourproblemsandofferussupportandguidanceisindeedaluckythingduringthisage.

Moreandmorepeoplethesedays44(suffer)frommid-lifecrisis(中年危机).Theirfamily,job,kidandalmosteverythingaroundbegintoappear45struggletothematthisage.Havinggoodfriendsatthistimecanhelpthemalot.

Friendsareimportantforoldpeople,too.Iftheyhavefriendsaround,theirlifewillremainjoyfulandinteresting.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

应用文写作(满分15分)

（2023春·四川广元·高一四川省苍溪中学校校考期中）你校高一年级即将开展一场英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇以友谊为主题的演讲稿参加班级初选，要点包括：

1.友谊的重要性；

2.如何选择朋友。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节读后续写(满分25分)

（2023春·山东泰安·高一统考期末）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

MichelleandIhadbeenbestfriendssincethefourthgrade.Shewasabeautifulgirlinsideandout,oneofthekindestI’devermet.Wewerelikepaperandglue—completelyinseparable.

ItwasintheeighthgradethatthingsslowlystartedtochangebetweenMichelleandme.Ibecameasocialbutterfly,flyingaroundtodifferentgroupsoffriends,discussingthehottestgossip(八卦).AlthoughImademanynewfriendsthatyear,IstilllovedMichelleandwantedhertohangoutwithmynew,fairlylargesocialgroup.Itriedtodragheralongtomysocialgatherings,.butIsoonnoticedthedisapproving(不赞成的)looksandwhispersaboutMichelle—aclearmessagethatshewasnotcoolenoughtohangoutwithus.

Onenight,oneofmynewfriends,Jamie,cameoverafterschool.Iwasexcitedthatshewantedtocomeovertomyhouseandspendtimewithme.Afteracoupleofhoursoflaughingandhavingagreattime,Michelle’snamecameupinourconversation.Slowly,amischievous(恶意的)smileformedonJamie’sface.JamieorderedthatItellMichellethatJamiewasmybestfriendthen.AfraidthatmynewfriendswoulddislikemeifIrefused,justliketheydidtoMichelle,Ipickedupthephone,dialedMichelle’snumberandsaiditouttoherwithouthesitation.Shewasmoresad,heartbrokenandangrythanI’dexpected,andasIlistenedtohercryoverthephone,Irememberedhowcloseweusedtobe.Atthatmoment,IrealizedhowmuchItreasuredherfriendship,andhowcruelmyactionswere.NeedingtothinkaboutwhatIhadjustdone,Igotoffthephone.

IsooncalledMichellebackandtoldherthetruthandIwasdeeplysorrythatIeverdecidedtobetray(背叛)her.Iwassorryfornotbeingthereforherinthelastfewmonths,andIwassorryforlettingmyfriendspressuremeintosituationslikethese.Iwantedtobeherbestfriendagain.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ButshewasnotasforgivingasIhadhoped.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Aweeklater,Michelleaskedforleavebecauseshewasill.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】1．A2．D3．C

【解题导语】本文是篇应用文。文章展示了两个舍友Bryan和Syd分别向各自的父母写的信件，信中给父母介绍自己的舍友，讲述了他们在一起相处的日常和趣事。

1．推理判断题。根据信件的内容可知，Syd和Bryan在信中主要是给父母介绍了各自舍友的相关信息，讲述了他们在一起相处的有趣的事情，所以目的是让父母了解各自的近况和最新信息。故选A。

2．细节理解题。根据第二封信中“Hehungupabigposterofalltheconstellations(星座),somaybehe’llteachmehowtofindthem.”（他挂了一张所有星座的大海报，所以他可能会教我如何找到它们。）可知，他们都喜欢研究星座。故选D。

3．推理判断题。根据第三封信中“Ofcourse,hecanstillwhistle,butIdon’tmindanymore.”（当然，他还能吹口哨，但我不介意了。）和第四封信“IheardBryanwhistlingalongwithmeyesterday.”（昨天我听到Bryan和我一起吹口哨。）可推知，Bryan在下封信中可能会写他要如何开心地和Syd一起吹口哨。故选C。

【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．B

【解题导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探讨并产生了结论——认为数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。

4．推理判断题。根据第一段““I’llbethereinafewminutes.I’mplayingagamewithafriend,aguynamedScuzzball,”my15-year-oldsonshoutedfromhisroom.“Oh,whatisScuzzball’srealname”Iasked.“Ihavenoidea.”Hesaid.“Whereishefrom”Icontinued.Heresponded,“IthinksomewhereinCanada.Oh,wait,itdoesn’tevenmatterbecauseScuzzballjustleftthegameandhehasbeenreplacedwitharobot.”(“我几分钟后就到。我在和一个朋友玩游戏，一个叫Scuzzball的家伙，”我15岁的儿子在他的房间里喊道。“哦，Scuzzball的真名是什么？”我问。“我不知道。”他说。“他是哪里人？”我接着说到。他回答说：“我想在加拿大的某个地方。哦，等等，这根本不重要，因为Scuzzball刚刚离开了比赛，他被一个机器人取代了。”)”可知，通过呈现一段亲子对话来引出文章的主题。故选D。

5．主旨大意题。根据第三段最后四句“Deepfriendship,bycontrast,iswhenyoucareforyourfriendforhissake,notforanybenefityoucanget.Thisisselflessfriendship.Youcanhaveonlyacoupleofthesefriendsbecausetheyrequirelotsoftimeandeffort.Youmustmakesacrificesforeachother.(相比之下，深厚的友谊是你关心你的朋友是为了他，而不是为了你能得到什么好处。这就是无私的友谊。你只能有几个这样的朋友，因为他们需要大量的时间和精力。你们必须为彼此做出牺牲。)”可知，主要在第3段解释了深厚友谊的意义。故选B。

6．推理判断题。根据第四段第三句和第四句“Onlystrongbondshavethepowertomotivaterealsacrifices.Butitisunclearwhyonline“friends”wouldbothertodothehardworkoffriendship.(只有牢固的纽带才能激励人们做出真正的牺牲。但目前尚不清楚为什么网上的“朋友”会费心去做艰难的友谊工作。)”可知，虚拟朋友不会做出真正的牺牲。故选C。

7．主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“Iwonderwhethertheface-to-faceexperienceoffriendshipthatIgrewupwithwillbelostbyourchildren.(我不知道我们的孩子是否会失去我成长过程中面对面的友谊体验。)”，第三段第一句“Aristotle,agreatthinkerandeducator,haspointedoutthatshallowfriendshipiseasilyformedbutalsoeasilyabandonedbecausesuchbondsarefragile.(伟大的思想家和教育家亚里士多德指出，肤浅的友谊很容易形成，但也很容易放弃，因为这种联系是脆弱的。)”，第四段第一句“Presenceinfriendshiprequires“beingwith”and“doingfor”.(友谊的存在需要“与”和“为”。)”和最后一段“Digitallifefillsandabsorbswakinglifetimesothatpeopledonotjoininexamplecaseoffriendship,likesports,collectivearts,freerangechildhoods,etc.Inthisway,digitallifeproducesfalsefriendships.(数字生活充满并吸收了清醒的生活时间，因此人们不会加入友谊的例子，如体育、集体艺术、自由放养的童年等。就这样，数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。)”可知，文章对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探讨并产生了结论。故选B。

（2023春·广东·高一广东实验中学校考阶段练习）

【答案】8．A9．A10．C11．B

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了基于不同利益的友谊，认为只有建立在美德的友谊才值得保护和珍惜。

8．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“WhatIfoundcouldn’tbemoreinsightful,anditringsjustastruetodayasitmusthavethen.(我的发现非常有见地，在今天听起来和当时一样正确。)”可知，认为亚里士多德对友谊的见地今天听起来和当时一样的正确，结合倒数第三段中的“It’sfascinatingthat,centuriesago,Aristotleofferedthatmanyindividualoftenpursuefriendshipsprimarilyforutility.Andit’seasytoseethatsomethingsneverchange.(有趣的是，几个世纪前，亚里士多德提出许多人追求友谊主要是为了功利。很容易看出，有些事情永远不会改变。)”可知，亚里士多德提出的友谊的目的主要是为了功利，认为这是永远不会改变的，由此可以推断，多亚里士多德对友谊的看法是支持的态度。故选A项。

9．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Aristotlewritesthattherearethreedifferentkindsoffriendship(亚里士多德写道，有三种不同的友谊)”以及下文中的“FRIENDSHIPSBASEDONUTILITY(基于效用的友谊)”、“FRIENDSHIPSBASEDONPLEASURE(基于快乐的友谊)”以及“FRIENDSHIPSBASEDONVIRTUE(基于美德的友谊)”可知，列举了亚里士多德的三种不同的友谊并进行简单的分析，由此可推断，是通过举例子来阐述亚里士多德的三种友谊。故选A项。

10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Likewise,hewrote,“Thosewholovebecauseofwhatisgoodforthemselves,andthosewholovebecauseofpleasuredosobecauseofwhatispleasanttothemselves.Yetwhatonefindsusefulorpleasurable,isnotpermanentbutisalwayschanging;thus,whenthereasonforthefriendshipisdoneaway,thefriendshipisdissolved.”(同样地，他写道：“爱的人是为了自己的好处，爱的人是为了自己的快乐。然而，人们觉得有用或愉快的东西，不是永久的，而是一直在变化的;因此，当友谊的原因消失了，友谊也就消失了。”。)”可知，基于利益和快乐的友谊不是永恒的而是多变的，所以，利益和快乐消失的时候，友谊也就消失了。故选C项。

11．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Anditisthefriendshipsbasedonvirtuethatareworthprotectingandcherishing.Buttheyrequireconsiderableenergytomaintain--asAristotlewrote,“lackofconversationhasbrokenmanyafriendship”--butwhatyougetoutofthesefriendshipseasilyoutweighswhatyouputin.(而建立在美德基础上的友谊才是值得保护和珍惜的。但它们需要相当大的精力来维持——正如亚里士多德所写的那样，“缺乏交谈已经毁掉了许多友谊”——但你从这些友谊中获得的东西很容易就超过了你投入的东西。)”可知，认为只有基于美德的友谊值得珍惜和拥有，缺乏交流破坏了友谊，所以，要想保持长久的友谊，需要的是与有共同价值观的人进行交流。故选B项。

【答案】12．C13．A14．B15．D

【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要阐述了应该如何正确面对友谊的变化。

12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“aswegotolder,memoriesarelost,facesgetchanged,andevenfriends’namesfromchildhoodareforgotten(随着年龄的增长，记忆会褪色，面孔会模糊，甚至童年时朋友的名字也会被遗忘)”可知，童年时代的朋友有时会被我们遗忘。故选C项。

13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Allyoucandoistreatthemwellanddothebestforthemwhenyouarewiththem.Thenyouwishthemwellwhentheyleave.(你所能做的就是善待他们，当你和他们在一起的时候，为他们做最好的事情。然后你希望他们离开的时候一切都好)”可知，认为当我们与关系不再友好的朋友在一起时，应该关心他们，为他们做最好的事情。故选A项。

14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“thatwhatbothersyoutodaywillonedaybecomesamemoryandthepainwillbegone.Seniorsmighttellyouthatyouwilllearnmoreasyougetolder.(今天困扰你的事情终有一天会成为记忆，痛苦也会消失。长者可能会告诉你，随着年龄的增长，你会学到更多)”可推知，前辈和长者们告诉你的关于友谊的事情会帮助你对友谊有一个合理的理解。故选B项。

15．主旨大意题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“Aslongaswelive,thethingsarounduschange,andaslongasthingschange,friendshipsareaffected.(只要我们活着，我们周围的事情就会改变，只要事情改变了，友谊就会受到影响)”以及第三段“DoyouhaveaquestionaboutfriendshipDoyouwonderwhattodowithafriendwhoisnolongerfriendly(你有关于友谊的问题吗？你是否想知道如何对待一个与你关系不再友好的朋友)”可推知，本文主要介绍了友谊是会变化的，阐述了如何正确面对友谊的改变。D项“Howtofacethechangesinfriendship(如何面对友谊的变化)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D项。

【答案】16．F17．C18．B19．E20．G

【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种方法，能够帮助你更好地维护和朋友之间的关系。

16．根据空前“MoviesandTVshowswouldhaveyoubelievethatfriendshipsjustfallintoplaceeffortlessly,withoutmuchconflict.(电影和电视节目会让你相信友谊会毫不费力地建立起来，没有太多的冲突。)”可知，电影和电视节目会让人决定友谊的建立不费力气。而空后内容“Bybuildingastrongfoundationforyourfriendshipandworkingtoreduceconflict,maintainingyourrelationshipswithfriendswillbecomeawholeloteasier.(为你的友谊建立一个坚实的基础，努力减少冲突，维护你和朋友的关系会变得容易得多。)”则暗示情况并非如此，友谊的建立还是需要一些技巧的。选项F“Inreallife,though,friendshiptakesalotofworkandcanbecomplicatedsometimes!(然而，在现实生活中，友谊需要付出很多努力，有时还会很复杂！)”和空前内容存在转折关系，同时引出下文内容，也就是友谊的建立需要付出努力。故选F。

17．根据空前内容“Focusingontheupsidemakesyouabetterfriend.(关注好的一面会让你成为一个更好的朋友。)”可知，建议要关注生活中积极向上的一面。而空后“Ifyou’resomeonewholikesdiscussingemotionalsubjects,that’sokay,butremembertostrikeabalanceandtalkaboutmorecheerfulorlightheartedtopics,too.(如果你是一个喜欢讨论情感话题的人，那没关系，但记住要保持平衡，也要谈论更愉快或轻松的话题。)”也建议我们不要只谈论情感话题，可以保持话题的平衡。选项C“Complaintsabouthopelesssituationscanwearyourfriendsthinafterawhile.(抱怨无望的处境会让你的朋友在一段时间后变少。)”是上文内容的延续，指的是如果只会抱怨会让自己的朋友变少。故选C。

18．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Whenyoudon’tknowwhattotalkabout,itcanbetemptingtotalkaboutyourself—butifyouonlytalkaboutyourself,your