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第=page11页,共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江苏省连云港市高一(下)期末英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)A

EVENTSCALENDARSpring20231-31MayAltonWalkingFestival

HeldatthegatewaytotheSouthDownsNationalPark,knownas"JaneAustencountry",AltonWalkingFestivalwelcomeswalkers,wandersandexplorersofallages.Discoveravarietyofwildlifeandculturalheritage(遗产)ononeofover100walksledbyexperiencedvolunteerwalkleaders.

Cost:Varies.uk12-15MayArranMountainFestival

Scotland'shillwalkingandmountaineeringfestivaloffersanopportunitytomeetlike-mindedpeople,discoverawonderfulislandandhaveunforgettabledaysinthesafehandsofexperiencedlocalleaders.Withnamestoinspire,likeCeumnaCaillichandCaistealAbhail,Arran'smountainsareamongScotland'smostamazingscenery.

Cost:From£20arranmountainfestival.co.uk27May-4JuneMalvernWalkingFestival

Over50walksofferawidechoiceforallabilitiesandinterests,fromshortlocalwalkstolong-distanceonesexploringhistory,nature,theartsandfamouspeoplefromthearea.Fortheenergetic,there'sthepopularMalvernHillsEnd-to-EndandBackwalkandthe31-mile"WorcestershireWayinaDay".

Cost:From£5malvernwalking.uk20May-10JuneLincolnshireWoldsOutdoorFestival

TheLincolnshireWoldsOutdoorFestivaltakesplaceinandaroundtheLincolnshireWolds,anAreaofOutstandingNaturalBeauty.Thisnationallyimportantandbeautifullandscapehasmuchtoofferwithmanyoutdooractivities—fromfishingtogliding(滑翔)bywayofbikingandhillwalking.

Cost:Varies1.Whichwebsitecanhelpyouifyouaretotravelfrom4Juneto9June?______A..uk B.arranmountainfestival.co.uk

C.malvernwalking.uk D.2.Whichfestivalissuitableforananimallover?______A.AltonWalkingFestival.

B.ArranMountainFestival.

C.MalvernWalkingFestival.

D.LincolnshireWoldsOutdoorFestival.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?______A.Areport. B.Atextbook. C.Amagazine. D.Anovel.BCongratulationstoSteveLangfordfromChristchurch,UK,whohaswonaKawaipiano.Langfordwowedthejudgeswithhis56-barcomposition,Fairytale(童话).

Along-termsubscriber(订阅者)toPianist,Langfordisretired,havingenjoyedacareerinengineering.Duringhisearlyyearshereceivedsomehelpfromhisbrotherontheknowledgeofmusic,buthewasmainlyself-taught,learningbyear."Iwasalwaysattractedtothepiano.Itooksomeeveningclassesinpianoandtheorylateron,butworkleftlittletimetopractise.NowthatI'veretiredIspendalmostallmytimeatthepiano.IalwaysthoughtIhadsomemusicalability,andthoughIdon'tconsidermyselfmuchofapianist,Idoenjoycomposing."

Langfordenteredlastyear'scompetitionwithhisWaltzforAva,andwasawardedrunner-up(亚军)."Nearlywinninglastyearaddedtomyconfidence.Butnow,winning…it'sthetopofmymusicalachievements!"Andwhatofthetitle,Fairytale?"ThepieceiscomposedforayoungYouTubepianistcalledMayukiMiyashita.AbouttenyearsagoIcameacrossavideoofherattheageoftenplayingapiecebyHiromi.Iwassomoved.Iimagineherlifemustbelikesomethingofafairytaleinitself.Ihavefollowedherprogresseversince."

LangfordreceivedablackKawaiES520piano."I'mluckytohaveit.Itwillreplacemyoldoneandbeputtogooduse;Ithinkit'seasiertorecordyourselfandproducevideosforYouTubeonadigital."LangforduploadshiscompositionstoYouTube"forabitoffunreally.BecauseIdon'tplayinpublic,Idon'thavetheconfidence,soIuseittoencouragemyself."

Thecompetition'stworunners-upwereErikJohannessenandRebekahRaa.SpecialmentionsalsogotoAbiaNg'sPumpkinWalz.Thankstoover100peopletothecompetition,whoensuredahighstandardandatoughdayofdecisions!4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"wowed"meaninparagraph1?______A.Comforted. B.Amazed. C.Upset. D.Confused.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutLangfordfromparagraph2?______A.Hegotmuchpleasurefromcomposing.

B.Helearnedmusicmostlyfromhisbrother.

C.Hewasnotfondofhisengineeringcareer.

D.Heusedtospendmuchtimeplayingthepiano.6.WhatinspiredLangfordtonametheworkasFairytale?______A.Mayuki'svideoperformance. B.Mayuki'scontinuousprogress.

C.Hiromi'smusicalachievements. D.Hiromi'stouchingcomposition.7.WhatisthevalueoftheKawaipianotoLangford?______A.Gettinghimalargeaudience.

B.HelpinghimcomposeFairytale.

C.Givinghimcourageandconfidence.

D.Makinghimbecomeafamouspianist.CSomeschoolleadersareleftwithoutaclearanswerinthedebateaboutwhetherfitnessclassesshouldberequiredtomeetaschool'scurriculum(课程)requirements.

Toexplaintheissue,MSNBCanalyzesamajorstudyofphysicaleducationprogramsconductedbyCornellUniversity.Thestudy,basedoninformationfrom37,000highschoolstudents'responsestosurveysfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDCP),revealsthatmoststudentsdonotbelievegymclassiseffective.Thishaslednearlyallstatestocreateandpassnewbills(议案)toimprovepublicschools'fitnesseducationprograms.

Unfortunately,whilemanystateshaveincreasedthetimestudentsspendingymclass,Cornell'sstudyfoundthatadding200moreminutesoftimetogymclasseachweekdidnotproducebigchanges.Evenbyadding200moreweeklyminutes,thestudiesshowedthatboysgenerallytookpartinonly7.5minutesofmoreactivityperday,whilegirlsonlyjoinedinactivity8additionalminuteseachweek.

Attemptingtoexplainthesedisappointingresults,Cornell'sleadprofessorofpolicyanalysisandmanagementclaims,"Therestoftheextragymtimeislikelyspentsitting—mostlikelystandingaroundpassivelywhileplayingsportslikesoftballorvolleyballthatdon'trequireconstantmovement."Similarly,astudyoffitnessclassesinTexaselementaryschoolsalsofoundthatthemajorityofstudentsspenttheclasstimeinactive;specifically,thedatasuggestedthatstudentswereonlytakingpartinexerciseormovementforabout3minutesduringtheentireclassperiod.

Despitetheresults,theleadprofessoroftheCornell'sstudydoesnotnecessarilybelievethatgymclassesshouldbestoppedinpublicschools,arguing,"We'renotsayingschoolsshouldgetridofphysicaleducation,"but"therehastobeameaningfulchangeinthecurriculum."8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"refertoinparagraph2?______A.ThesurveyfromCDCP. B.Thedebateonfitnessclasses.

C.ThefindingofCornell'sstudy. D.Thechangeinfitnesseducation.9.HowdoestheauthorpresentCornell'sfindinginparagraph3?______A.Byaskingaquestion. B.Bylistingfigures.

C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Bygivingexamples.10.WhydoestheauthormentionthestudyinTexaselementaryschools?______A.Toshowstudentshadnorestingymclasses.

B.ToshowthefindingdifferedfromCornell'sstudy.

C.Toprovestudentsdidnothavemanysportchoices.

D.Toprovetheaddedgymtimemadelittledifference.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?______A.Timeformoreeffectivefitnessclasses.

B.Timeforlongerperiodsofgymclasses.

C.Timetocollectmorestudents'responses.

D.Timetostopfitnessclassesinpublicschools.D"Comeandlook!Thegreenonionshavegrownabittaller,"Iwavedatmywife,myeyesgluedtoasmallplasticpot.

"Areyoukidding?"shereplied."Youonlyplantedtheseedsyesterday.Howcoulditbesofast?"Afteracloserlook,shemurmured,asiftoherself,"Theyhaveindeedinchedup!"

Aboutaweeklater,I"harvested"thefirstbatchofgreenonions—thefirsttimeIhadevergrowngreenonionsbymyself.Inspiredbytheunexpectedsuccess,Igrewasecondpot.Theyhavebeengrowingwell.

Thepleasantsurprisefrommy"potexperiments"comesdowntoasimplepleasurefromconstantphysicalwork.

"Farming,whichenablesonetoworkbetweenheavenandEarth,canrewardonewithhugepleasure.Aspeoplecultivatetheland,theyarehavingadirectdialoguewithnaturethatcanhardlybepossibleiftheystaybehindcloseddoorsinoffices,"saidZhangXiaode,directoroftheResearchCenterforChineseRuralCivilization.

ChengMinsheng,aprofessorofhistoryandcultureatHenanUniversity,saidmanyfarmer-scholarsduringtheSongDynastycompiled(汇编)classicalbooksonagriculturebasedontheirlifelongexperiencesonfarms.

Arurallifenotonlyprovidedthesescholarswithnewideasbutalsoinspiredphilosophers.MartinHeidegger,oneofthegreatestphilosophersofthe20thcentury,oncecalledthecountryside"therootofphilosophy".

DuanElginsaidinhisbestsellingbookTheLivingUniversethatfarmlifebroughthim"thegiftofdeepsilence"."Irecalllyingdowninafieldoflettuce(生菜),nearlycoveredbyitsleavesandtakinginthealivenessoftheEarth,thefieldsandtheskyaboveme,"Elginsaid."Lateron,Imovedtothecity,whereIfeltadeepseparationfromthealivenessofmyfarmingdays."

WhenIlookatthesoilinmysmallplasticpots,InolongertreatitasdirtlikeIwouldinthepast.AsIwaterthesoilwithmyhands,Ifeelit'salive.12.Howdoestheauthor'swifefeelaboutthegreenonions?______A.Satisfied. B.Disappointed. C.Surprised. D.Anxious.13.WhatbringhugepleasureaccordingtoZhangXiaode?______A.Potexperiments. B.Farmingactivities.

C.Outdoorexercises. D.Naturalcommunications.14.WhyareMartinHeideggerandDuanElginquoted(引用)?______A.Tointroducethefamousscholars.

B.Toindicatethebenefitsoffarmlife.

C.Toexplainthewaystogrowlettuce.

D.Tosharethepleasureofwritingbooks.15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetophysicalwork?______A.Negative. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共12.5分)Afterthesummerbreak,Iseeanobviouschangeinmychildren:theyarecalmer,moreintunewiththeirbody'snaturalrhythm,andhavearenewedpositiveenergy.(1)______

Moreenergy

"Shortbreaksactuallycreatethebiggestchangesinthelongterm,"saysCharlotteThaarup,FounderoftheMindfulnessClinic."Ifyou'retired,takeabreak."(2)______Researchshowsitcanclearyourmind,improveyourmoodandevenloweryourbloodpressurebecausewecan'tbe"on"allthetime.

Newideas

A2011studyfoundthatwhenourbrainsareatrest,weareabletocomeupwithnewconceptsandideas.(3)______"Agoodexampleofthisiswhenwe'vebeenthinkinghardaboutsomethingandcan'tseemtosolvethechallengeand,whileintheshower,thepennydrops,"saysCharlotte.

Lessstress

(4)______Whenweareinourbusymode(模式),weseetheworldthroughtheeyesofdoingtasks,makingmoney,takingrisksandgettingrewards.Buttherearemanydifferentperspectives(视角)throughwhichwecanseelife.Achangeinperspectiveisreallygoodformentalhealth.

Healthierrelationships

Wetendtolivemuchofourlifein"drive"mode,meaningourfocusinon"meandmytask".Then,ourlovedonesareseenasadistraction(分心)ingettingwherewewanttogo.That'snotgoodformaintainingahealthyrelationship.(5)______

A.A20-30minuterestdoesgoodforyou.

B.Arelationship-focusedmodemakesyoulessstressed.

C.Thecreativeideascontributetomorepositiveemotions.

D.Takingtimeoutwillallowourbrainstobeabitmorecreative.

E.Unproductivetimeawayfromworkcanhelpusdealwithpressure.

F.Researchshowsthattakingtimeouttorelaxcanhavemanybenefits.

G.Charlotteadvisesspendingtimeeachweekrelaxingwithyourlovedones.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大题共15小题,共15.0分)ThishappenedwhenIwas13,twodaysbeforeourfamilymovedacrossthecountry.Wewantedto(1)______somefriendsforonelasthurrah(欢呼)beforeweleft.Wewenttoapark,(2)______smallfireworks,andwerehavingagoodtime.

About30feetawaywasanothergroupofpeoplewhohadthebiggest(3)______.We'dwatchthosefireworks(4)______aswellbecausetheyweresocolorfulandfun.

Idon'tknowexactlywhathappened,but(5)______wentwrong.Iwaslaughinghappilywhensuddenly,Iheardaloud(6)______.Iturnedandsawa(7)______lightspeedingtowardsme,withsparksflyingallaround.Without(8)______,Ididan"IndianaJones-stylebarrel(桶)roll"totheside.

Aftercatchingmy(9)______,Ilookedbacktothepicnicblanket(毯子),expectingittobe(10)______.Iwasgladtobewrong.Theblanketwas(11)______,andeveryonehadjumpedofftheblanket.

Ididn'tthinkmuchaboutthatdayuntiltwoyearslater.Iwasinaparkwhenthat(12)______popped(突然出现)intomybrain."Huh.IfIhadn'tmovedoutoftheway,wouldIhavebeen(13)______injuredorkilled?"Fortherestoftheday,Ikeptthinkingaboutlifeand(14)______,realizinghowshortlifewas,andthatthedecisionsImade(15)______.21.

A.make B.visit C.gather D.help22.

A.sought B.sold C.brought D.delivered23.

A.friends B.fireworks C.blankets D.drinks24.

A.breakdown B.breakout C.payoff D.gooff25.

A.anything B.something C.everything D.nothing26.

A.noise B.laugh C.quarrel D.argument27.

A.weak B.bright C.natural D.green28.

A.thinking B.crying C.speaking D.discussing29.

A.attention B.breath C.interest D.imagination30.

A.destroyed B.covered C.stolen D.removed31.

A.dirty B.awful C.fine D.beautiful32.

A.idea B.awareness C.inspiration D.memory33.

A.slightly B.hardly C.badly D.carelessly34.

A.hope B.loss C.death D.survival35.

A.existed B.appeared C.remained D.mattered四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)36.根据句意,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

DevelopedbyOpenAIandlaunchedinNovember2022,ChatGPTattracted100millionmonthlyusersinjusttwomonths,(1)______(make)itthefastest-growingconsumerappinhistory.

SinceChatGPTcanwriteemails,poemsandevenacademic(学术的)papers,itisseenbymanyasa(2)______(potential)harmfulinnovationfordifferentfields,especiallythehighereducationfiled.

SoisChatGPThelpfulorharmful?TheglobalresponsetoChatGPT(3)______(vary)greatly.TheNewYorkCity'sDepartmentofEducation,forexample,preventsthechatbotfromitspublicschool(4)______(device)andnetworks,withsomepeoplewarningthatitcancausemorestudentstocheat,especiallyinexams.However,othersregarditas(5)______goodtool.TheywelcomeChatGPTbecauseitgivespeopleachancetoconcentratelessontasks(6)______technologycanaccomplishequallywell.

WecannotavoidChatGPTandotherAI-powered(7)______(apply)fromenteringthefieldofhighereducation.Therefore,weshouldmakegreatefforts(8)______(ensure)theyhaveapositiveimpact(9)______societyandthefutureofeducation.ButdespiteAIhelpingmakelearningmuchmoreinterestingand(10)______(enjoy),humansneedtoworkveryhardtowintheracewithtechnology.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达(本大题共2小题,共40.0分)37.假定你是李华,你校学生会将举办一年一度的科技节活动,请你用英语写一个书面通知。内容包括:

(1)活动主题;

(2)内容安排;

(3)报名方式。

注意:

(1)写作词数应为80左右;

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。

Notice_______

Students'Union38.阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

Devonbecamethemanofthehousesincehisfatherpassedawaylastyear,buttonighthewasatwelve-yearoldboywhowantedapuppyforhisbirthday,andhisbirthdaywastomorrow.

"Theysayeveryboyshouldhaveadogofhisown,don'tyouagree?"

Isighed,knowingwhatmyanswerwouldhavetobe."Iwouldlovetogetyouapuppy,butpuppiesareexpensive.Theyneedfoodandshotsandalicense.Wejustcan'taffordallthatrightnow,honey."Iloweredmyheadsohewouldn'tseemytears.

Hestoodthereforamoment."That'sokay,Mom.Iunderstand,"hewhispered."Butsomeday,whenthingsgetbetter,canwegetapuppy?""Ofcourse,Devon,Ipromise."Iforcedmyselftosmile.

"Whenwegetapuppy,IamgoingtonamehimRusty."

"Rusty?That'safinename."

Thenextmorning,Igatheredourrecyclablebottlesandcanswhichwereworthfivecentseach.Wedrovetothenearbyconveniencestoreandsoldthematanearbystore.Thenwechosethetwomostdeliciousdonutswiththemoney.

Devongrabbedthedonutandtookahugebite.Onthefrontsidewalk,hestoppedsosuddenlythatIalmostranintohim.

Apuppycaughthiseye.Ayoungwomanwasparkedjustoutsidethedoor.Herfacewaswetwithtears.Thepuppycurledup(蜷缩)inherlapwithhisnoserestingonthedriver'sdoor.

Devonrushedovertothecarandgiggled(咯咯笑)ashefedtherestofhisdonuttothepuppyandwasthankedwithawetpuppylickacrosstheface.

ThenIturnedtothewoman:"What'swrong?"

注意:

(1)续写词数应为150左右;

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Thewomandriedherfacebeforeanswering.__________

"Really?"Devontookadeepbreathandturnedtome.___________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、A、C【解析】(1)细节理解题。由本文最后一部分20May-10JuneLincolnshireWoldsOutdoorFestival中的Cost:Varies

(价格:在网站上有售)可知,如果您计划在6月4日至6月9日期间旅行,网站可以帮助您。故选D。

(2)细节理解题。由本文第一部分1-31

May

Alton

Walking

Festival中的Discover

a

variety

of

wildlife

and

cultural

heritage

(遗产)

on

one

of

over

100

walks

led

by

experienced

volunteer

walk

leaders.(在由经验丰富的志愿者带领的100多条徒步路线中,你可以发现各种各样的野生动物和文化遗产。)可知,Alton

Walking

Festival这个节日适合动物爱好者。故选A。

(3)文章出处题。根据文章大意以及文章结构可知,文章主要介绍了2023年春季的四个户外休闲旅游的节日。由此可推知,这篇文章可能来自一篇旅游杂志。故选C。

这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2023年春季的四个户外休闲旅游节日。

阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料;其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】B、A、A、C【解析】(1)词意义猜测题。根据第一段中CongratulationstoSteveLangfordfromChristchurch,UK,whohaswonaKawaipiano.(祝贺来自英国克赖斯特彻奇的史蒂夫•兰福德,他赢得了一架卡瓦伊钢琴。)以及…withhis56-barcomposition,Fairytale(童话).(兰福德的56小节作曲《童话》)可推知,此处为兰福德的56小节的曲子《童话》让评委们惊叹不已。故可猜测划线单词wowed为"使惊叹"的意思,结合选项B项Amazed"使惊奇"意思一致。A.Comforted.安慰;B.Amazed.使惊讶;C.Upset.心烦意乱;D.Confused.使困惑。故选B项。

(2)推理判断题。根据第二段中NowthatI'veretired,Ispendalmostallmytimeatthepiano.IalwaysthoughtIhadsomemusicalability,andthoughIdon'tconsidermyselfmuchofapianist,Idoenjoycomposing."(既然我已经退休了,我几乎把所有的时间都花在弹钢琴上了。我一直认为我有一些音乐才能,虽然我不认为自己是个钢琴家,但我确实喜欢作曲。")可知,从第二段我们可以了解到兰福德从作曲中得到很多乐趣。故选A项。

(3)细节理解题。根据第三段中Andwhatofthetitle,Fairytale?"ThepieceiscomposedforayoungYouTubepianistcalledMayukiMiyashita.AbouttenyearsagoIcameacrossavideoofherattheageoftenplayingapiecebyHiromi.Iwassomoved.Iimagineherlifemustbelikesomethingofafairytaleinitself.Ihavefollowedherprogresseversince."(那曲名《童话》呢?这首曲子是为YouTube上一位名叫MayukiMiyashita的年轻钢琴家创作的。大约十年前,我看到了一段她十岁时演奏Hiromi的作品的视频。我很感动。我想她的生活本身就像一个童话故事。从那以后,我一直关注着她的进步。")可知,Mayuki的视频表演启发兰福德将这首曲子命名为《童话》。故选A项。

(4)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段LangfordreceivedablackKawaiES520piano."I'mluckytohaveit.Itwillreplacemyoldoneandbeputtogooduse;Ithinkit'seasiertorecordyourselfandproducevideosforYouTubeonadigital."LangforduploadshiscompositionstoYouTube"forabitoffunreally.BecauseIdon'tplayinpublic,Idon'thavetheconfidence,soIuseittoencouragemyself."(兰福德收到了一架黑色的卡瓦伊ES520钢琴。"我很幸运能拥有它。它将取代我的旧的,并被好好利用;我认为在数字设备上录制自己的视频和为YouTube制作视频更容易。"兰福德把他的作品上传到YouTube上,"真的是为了乐趣。"因为我不在公共场合演奏,所以我没有信心,所以我用它来鼓励自己。")可推知,对兰福德来说,这架卡瓦伊钢琴给了他勇气和信心。A.Getting

him

a

large

audience.为他赢得了大量观众;B.Helping

him

compose

Fairytale.帮他创作童话;C.Giving

him

courage

and

confidence.给他勇气和信心;D.Making

him

become

a

famous

pianist.使他成为著名的钢琴家。故选C项。

这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自英国克赖斯特彻奇的史蒂夫•兰福德,他赢得了一架卡瓦伊钢琴。兰福德的56小节作曲《童话》让评委们惊叹不已。

一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。

二、看题干,带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】C、B、D、A【解析】(1)代词指代题。根据第二段中Thestudy,basedoninformationfrom37,000highschoolstudents'responsestosurveysfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDCP),revealsthatmoststudentsdonotbelievegymclassiseffective.(这项研究基于37,000名高中生对疾病控制和预防中心(CDCP)调查的反馈信息,显示大多数学生不相信体育课是有效的)可知,第二段中划线的"This"指的是康奈尔大学的研究发现。故选C项。

(2)推理判断题。根据第三段Unfortunately,whilemanystateshaveincreasedthetimestudentsspendingymclass,Cornell'sstudyfoundthatadding200moreminutesoftimetogymclasseachweekdidnotproducebigchanges.Evenbyadding200moreweeklyminutes,thestudiesshowedthatboysgenerallytookpartinonly7.5minutesofmoreactivityperday,whilegirlsonlyjoinedinactivity8additionalminuteseachweek.(不幸的是,虽然许多州都增加了学生在体育课上的时间,但康奈尔大学的研究发现,每周增加200分钟的体育课时间并没有产生太大的变化。研究表明,即使每周多运动200分钟,男孩通常每天只多运动7.5分钟,而女孩每周只多运动8分钟)可推知,作者第3段通过列出数字阐述康奈尔的发现。故选B项。

(3)细节理解题。根据第三段Unfortunately,whilemanystateshaveincreasedthetimestudentsspendingymclass,Cornell'sstudyfoundthatadding200moreminutesoftimetogymclasseachweekdidnotproducebigchanges.(不幸的是,虽然许多州都增加了学生在体育课上的时间,但康奈尔大学的研究发现,每周增加200分钟的体育课时间并没有产生太大的变化)可知,作者提到了德克萨斯州小学的研究是为了证明增加的健身时间并没有什么不同。所以"D.To

prove

the

added

gym

time

made

little

difference.为了证明增加的健身时间并没有什么不同。"正确。故选D项。

(4)标题归纳题。根据文章大意以及最后一段Despitetheresults,theleadprofessoroftheCornell'sstudydoesnotnecessarilybelievethatgymclassesshouldbestoppedinpublicschools,arguing,"We'renotsayingschoolsshouldgetridofphysicaleducation,"but"therehastobeameaningfulchangeinthecurriculum."(尽管有这样的结果,康奈尔大学这项研究的首席教授并不一定认为公立学校应该停止体育课,他认为,"我们并不是说学校应该取消体育课,"但"课程必须有一个有意义的改变。")可知,文章主要讲的是MSNBC分析了康奈尔大学进行的一项关于体育教育项目的主要研究。这项研究基于37,000名高中生对疾病控制和预防中心(CDCP)调查的反馈信息,显示大多数学生不相信体育课是有效的。这使得几乎所有的州都制定并通过了新的法案来改善公立学校的健身教育项目。由此可知,文章合适的标题是"A.Time

for

more

effective

fitness

classes.是时候上更有效的健身课了"。故选A项。

这篇短文主要讲述了关于是否应该将健身课程列入学校课程要求的辩论。一项由康奈尔大学进行的体育教育项目的主要研究分析了这个问题。这项研究基于来自美国疾病控制和预防中心的3.7万名高中学生的调查结果,发现大多数学生认为体育课没有效果。因此,几乎所有州都通过了新法案来改善公立学校的健身教育项目。然而,尽管许多州增加了学生在体育课上的时间,但康奈尔大学的研究发现,每周增加200分钟的体育课时间并没有产生很大的变化。研究表明,即使增加了200分钟的课程时间,男生每天只有额外参与7.5分钟的活动,而女生每周只有额外参与8分钟的活动。研究人员尝试解释这些令人失望的结果,认为多余的体育课时间很可能是用来坐着的,尤其是在打软式球或排球等不需要持续运动的运动中。尽管结果令人失望,但康奈尔大学的研究负责人并不认为公立学校应该停止体育课,他认为"我们并不是说学校应该取消体育课,而是需要对课程进行有意义的改变。"

1.直接信息题:直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题:间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题:综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章取义。

12~15.【答案】C、B、B、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段"Areyoukidding?"shereplied."Youonlyplantedtheseedsyesterday.Howcoulditbesofast?"Afteracloserlook,shemurmured,asiftoherself,"Theyhaveindeedinchedup!"("你在开玩笑吧?"她回答说。"你昨天才种下的种子。怎么会这么快呢?"仔细一看,她喃喃自语,好像自言自语,"他们确实在一点点长高!")可知,作者的妻子对于洋葱的生长速度感到吃惊。A.Satisfied满意的;B.Disappointed失望的;C.Surprised惊讶的;D.Anxious.故选C。

(2)细节理解题。根据第五段Farming,whichenablesonetoworkbetweenheavenandEarth,canrewardonewithhugepleasure.Aspeoplecultivatetheland,theyarehavingadirectdialoguewithnaturethatcanhardlybepossibleiftheystaybehindcloseddoorsinoffices,"saidZhangXiaode,directoroftheResearchCenterforChineseRuralCivilization.("务农,能使人在天地之间劳动,能给人带来巨大的乐趣。中国农村文明研究中心主任张晓德说:"当人们耕种土地时,他们正在与自然进行直接对话,如果他们关起门来在办公室里,这几乎是不可能的。")可知,中国农村文明研究中心主任张晓德认为农业活动带来巨大的快乐。A.Pot

experiments盆栽实验;B.Farming

activities农业活动;C.Outdoor

exercises户外运动;D.Natural

communications自然通讯。故选B。

(3)推理判断题。由文章第七段中MartinHeidegger,oneofthegreatestphilosophersofthe20thcentury,oncecalledthecountryside"therootofphilosophy".(20世纪最伟大的哲学家之一马丁•海德格尔曾称乡村为"哲学之根"。)和第八段DuanElginsaidinhisbestsellingbookTheLivingUniversethatfarmlifebroughthim"thegiftofdeepsilence"."Irecalllyingdowninafieldoflettuce(生菜),nearlycoveredbyitsleavesandtakinginthealivenessoftheEarth,thefieldsandtheskyaboveme,"Elginsaid."Lateron,Imovedtothecity,whereIfeltadeepseparationfromthealivenessofmyfarmingdays.(段尔金在他的畅销书《活的宇宙》中说,农场生活给他带来了"深深沉默的礼物"。"我记得我躺在一片生菜地里,几乎被树叶覆盖,吸收了地球、田野和我头顶天空的活力,"埃尔金说。"后来,我搬到了城市,在那里我感到与农业时代的活力深深分离。")可知,二人都认为农场生活有很多好处。A.To

introduce

the

famous

scholars介绍著名学者;B.To

indicate

the

benefits

of

farm

life表示农场生活的好处;C.To

explain

the

ways

to

grow

lettuce解释种植生菜的方法;D.To

share

the

pleasure

of

writing

books分享写书的乐趣。故选B。

(4)观点态度题。根据第四段Thepleasantsurprisefrommy"potexperiments"comesdowntoasimplepleasurefromconstantphysicalwork.(从我的"盆栽实验"中得到的惊喜归结为一种简单的快乐,这来自于持续的体力劳动。)和第五段"Farming,whichenablesonetoworkbetweenheavenandEarth,canrewardonewithhugepleasure.Aspeoplecultivatetheland,theyarehavingadirectdialoguewithnaturethatcanhardlybepossibleiftheystaybehindcloseddoorsinoffices,"saidZhangXiaode,directoroftheResearchCenterforChineseRuralCivilization.("务农,能使人在天地之间劳动,能给人带来巨大的乐趣。中国农村文明研究中心主任张晓德说:"当人们耕种土地时,他们正在与自然进行直接对话,如果他们关起门来在办公室里,这几乎是不可能的。)以及最后一段WhenIlookatthesoilinmysmallplasticpots,InolongertreatitasdirtlikeIwouldinthepast.AsIwaterthesoilwithmyhands,Ifeelit'salive.(当我看着我的小塑料盆里的土壤时,我不再像过去那样把它当作泥土。当我用手浇灌土壤时,我感觉它是有生命的。)可知,作者也认为种植作物的体力劳动很有益处,作者非常支持。A.Negative消极的;B.Unclear不清楚的;C.Doubtful怀疑的;D.Supportive支持的。故选D。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了农业和乡村生活带给人们的好处。这篇短文主要讲述了作者通过种植葱苗获得的愉快惊喜以及农耕生活带来的乐趣和哲学启发。作者种植的葱苗生长迅速,让他感到非常惊讶和满足。农耕工作让人与大自然直接对话,带来巨大的乐趣。农耕生活不仅给农民学者带来新的思想,也激发了哲学家的灵感。作者通过种植葱苗重新认识了土壤,感受到了它的生命力。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局做出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】F、A、D、E、G【解析】(1)联系上文题。根据上文Afterthesummerbreak,Iseeanobviouschangeinmychildren:theyarecalmer,moreintunewiththeirbody'snaturalrhythm,andhavearenewedpositiveenergy.(暑假过后,我看到我的孩子们发生了明显的变化:他们更平静了,更符合身体的自然节奏,并且有了新的正能量)可知,放松有很多好处。由此可知,F选项"研究表明,抽出时间放松有很多好处"能承上启下,符合语境。故选F。

(2)联系上文题。根据上文Shortbreaksactuallycreatethebiggestchangesinthelongterm(从长远来看,短暂的休息实际上会带来最大的变化)可知,本段要写短暂的休息的好处。由此可知,A选项"休息20-30分钟对你有好处"符合语境。故选A。

(3)联系上文题。根据上文A2011studyfoundthatwhenourbrainsareatrest,weareabletocomeupwithnewconceptsandideas.(2011年的一项研究发现,当我们的大脑休息时,我们能够想出新的概念和想法)可知,下面要说跟休息与创造力之间的关系。由此可知,D选项"花点时间休息会让我们的大脑更有创造力"能承接上文,符合语境。故选D。

(4)语境衔接题。根据上文Lessstress(更少的压力)可知,下面要说放松与压力之间的关系,由下文Whenweareinourbusymode(模式),weseetheworldthroughtheeyesofdoingtasks,makingmoney,takingrisksandgettingrewards.Buttherearemanydifferentperspectives(视角)throughwhichwecanseelife.Achangeinperspectiveisreallygoodformentalhealth.(当我们处于忙碌状态时,我们通过做任务、赚钱、冒险和获得回报的方式来看待这个世界。但是我们可以从许多不同的角度来看待生活。换个角度看问题真的对心理健康有好处)可知,不工作的时候,即放松的时候,压力减小,对心理状态好。由此可知,E选项"工作之外的非生产性时间可以帮助我们应对压力"能承上启下,符合语境。故选E。

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