the-importance-of-living生活的意义课件

生活的艺术作者：林语堂TheImportanceofLiving1405021136许蕾12023/7/24生活的艺术TheImportanceofLivLinYutang

(Chinese:

林语堂October10,1895–March26,1976)wasa

Chinesewriter,translator,linguistandinventor.HisinformalbutpolishedstyleinbothChineseandEnglishmadehimoneofthemostinfluentialwritersofhisgeneration,andhiscompilationsandtranslationsofclassicChinesetexts

intoEnglishwerebestsellersintheWest.

After1935LinlivedmainlyintheUnitedStates,wherehebecameknownasa“wiseandwitty”popularizerofChinesephilosophyandwayoflife.Lin’sbestsellerswere

MyCountryandMyPeople

(simplifiedChinese:

吾国与吾民)(1935)and

TheImportanceofLiving(simplifiedChinese:

生活的艺术)(1937),writteninEnglishinacharmingstyle.OthersincludeBetweenTearsandLaughter

(啼笑皆非)(1943).22023/7/24LinYutang

(Chinese:

林语堂OctobThreeStandardsofTranslation:

faithfulness（忠实）

expressiveness（通顺）

beauty（美)32023/7/24ThreeStandardsofTranslation声声慢Sodim,sodark,Sodense,sodull,Sodamp,sodank,Sodead!Theweather,nowwarm,nowcold,MakesitharderThanevertoforget!HowcanafewcupsofthinwineBringwarmthagainstThechilly

windsofsunset?Irecognizethegeeseflyingoverhead:Myoldfriends,Bringnottheoldmemoriesback!寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候，最难将息。三杯两盏淡酒，怎敌他晓来风急？雁过也，正伤心，却是旧时相识。SlowSlowTune42023/7/24声声慢Sodim,sodark,寻寻觅觅，SlowSLetfallenflowersliewheretheyfall.TowhatpurposeandforwhomshouldIdecorate?Bythewindowshut,guardingitalone,toseetheskyhasturnedsoblack!AndthedrizzleonthekolanutKeepsondroning:Pit-a-pat,pit-a-pat!满地黄花堆积，憔悴损，如今有谁堪摘？守著窗儿独自，怎生得黑！梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏、点点滴滴。这次第，怎一个愁字了得！52023/7/24LetfallenflowersliewheretLinYutanginthisbooktalksaboutZhuangZhou'sindifferenttofameandwealth,praisesTaoYuanming'sleisurelyattitudetowardslife,readsthe"GuiQuLaiXispeech",andtellsthestoriesintheBible.ItalsotellshowChinesepeopledrinktea,howtheymakeasightseeingtour,seeclouds,identifystones,growflowers,keepbirds,watchthesnow,listentothefallingrain,enjoytheairandthemoon...62023/7/24LinYutanginthisbooktalChapterOneTHEAWAKENINGChapterTwoVIEWSOFMANKINDChapterThreeOURANIMALHERITAGEChapterFourONBEINGHUMANChapterFiveWHOCANBESTENJOYLIFE?ChapterSixTHEFEASTOFLIFEChapterSevenTHEIMPORTANCEOFLOAFINGChapterEightTHEENJOYMENTOFTHEHOMEChapterNineTHEENJOYMENTOFLIVINGChapterTenTHEENJOYMENTOFNATUREChapterElevenTHEENJOYMENTOFTRAVELChapterTwelveTHEENJOYMENTOFCULTUREChapterThirteenRELATIONSHIPTOGODChapterFourteenTHEARTOFTHINKINGToday,IwillsharewhatI’velearnedfromthischapter.72023/7/24ChapterOneTHEAWAKENINGI.FindThyself:ChuangtseII.Passion,WisdomAndCourage;MenciusIII.Cynicism,FollyAndCamouflage:LaotseIV."PhilosophyofHalf-and-half:TsesseV.ALoverOfLife:TaoYuanmingChapterFive

WHOCANBESTENJOYLIFE?82023/7/24I.FindThyself:ChuangtseII.PChapterFiveWHOCANBESTENJOYLIFE谁最会享受人生Theidealcharacterbestabletoenjoylifeisawarm,carefreeandunafraidsoul.

最合于享受人生的理想人物，就是一个热诚的、悠闲的、无恐惧的人。92023/7/24ChapterFiveWHOCANBESTENJ

“Philosopher"hasbecomemerelyatermofsocialcompliment.Anyonewhoisabstruseandunintelligibleiscalled"aphilosopher."Anyonewhoisunconcernedwiththepresentisalsocalled"aphilosopher."Andyetthereissometruthinthelattermeaning.

TheonlyproblemunconsciouslyassumedbyallChinesephilosopherstobeofanyimportanceis:howshallweenjoylife,andwhocanbestenjoylife?Noperfectionism（不去追求完美的理想）,nostrainingaftertheunattainable（（不去寻找那势不可得的事物）,nopostulatingoftheunknowable（不去穷究那些不可得知的东西）;buttakingpoor,mortalhumannatureasitis,howshallweorganizeourlifethatwecanworkpeacefully,endurenobly（旷达地忍耐）andlivehappily?I.FindThyself:Chuangtse

(发现自己：庄子）102023/7/24“Philosopher"hasbecomemeWhoarewe?Thatisthefirstquestion.Itisaquestionalmostimpossibletoanswer.Butweallagreethatthebusyselfoccupiedinourdailyactivitiesisnotquitetherealself.Wearequitesurewehavelostsomethinginthemerepursuitofliving.Soweoftenforgetourtrueselfinthepursuitofliving,likeabirdforgettingitsowndangerinpursuitofamantis,whichagainforgetsitsowndangerinpursuitofanotherprey,asissobeautifullyexpressedinaparable

（美妙的譬喻）byChuangtse.Chuangtsesaidthatwehavelostsomethingandthebusinessofphilosophyistodiscoverandrecoverthatwhichislostinthiscase,“achild’sheart,”accordingtoMencius.“Agreatmanishewhohasnotlosttheheartofachild,”saysthisphilosopher.112023/7/24Whoarewe?ThatisthefirstII.Passion,WisdomAndCourage:MenciusMenciusenumeratedthethree“maturevirtues”ofhis“greatman”as“wisdom,compassionandcourage.”Ishouldliketolopoffonesyllableandregardasthequalitiesofagreatsoulpassion,wisdomandcourage.AsChangChaosays,"Apassionatenaturealwaysloveswomen,butonewholoveswomenisnotnecessarilyapassionatenature."Andagain,"Passionholdsupthebottomoftheworld,whilegeniuspaintsitsroof."Forunlesswehavepassion,wehavenothingtostartoutinlifewithatall.智情勇：孟子122023/7/24II.Passion,WisdomAndCouragWearebornwithagivencoldorwarmnature.anditisonlyinproportionaswelosethatyouthfulheartthatwelosetheinnerwarmthinourselves.Foritseemsthatwhileamanwithpassionandsentimentmaydomanyfoolishandprecipitate（鲁莽的）things,butamanwithoutpassionorsentimentisajokeandacaricature（一副讽刺画）.Sothiswarmgenerosityofsoulhastobeprotectedagainstlifebyaphilosophy,becauselifeisharsh,warmthofsoulisnotenough,andpassionmustbejoinedtowisdomandcourage.Tomewisdomandcouragearethesamething,forcourageisbornofanunderstandingoflife;hewhocompletelyunderstandslifeisalwaysbrave.Anywaythattypeofwisdomwhichdoesnotgiveuscourageisnotworthhavingatall.Wisdomleadstocouragebyexercisingavetoagainstourfoolishambitionsandemancipating（从……解放出来）usfromthefashionablehumbug（骗子）ofthisworld,whetherhumbugofthoughtorhumbugoflife.132023/7/24WearebornwithagivencoldIII.Cynicism,FollyandCamouflage:Laotse玩世、愚钝、潜隐：老子142023/7/24III.Cynicism,FollyandCamouParadoxically,Laotse‘smostwickedphilosophyof“theoldrogue”（老滑)hasbeenresponsibleforthehighestidealofpeace,tolerance,simplicityandcontentment.Suchteachingsincludethewisdomofthefoolish,theadvantageofcamouflage（隐逸者的长处）,thestrengthofweakness,and.thesimplicityofthetrulysophisticatedThegreatestwisdomseemslikestupidity.Thegreatesteloquencelikestuttering（口吃，结巴）.Movementovercomescold,Butstayingovercomesheat.Sohebyhislimpidcalm

Putseverythingright

underheaven.(清净为天下正)152023/7/24Paradoxically,Laotse‘smostwLinYutangmadeapoemwhichsumsupthemessageofTaoisticthought:Thereisthewisdomofthefoolish,Thegracefulnessoftheslow,Thesubtletyofstupidity,Theadvantageoflyinglow（隐者）.162023/7/24LinYutangmadeapoemwhichsIV.PhilosophyofHalf-and-half:

Tsesse

（中庸哲学：子思）

Thosearethebestcynicswhoarehalf-cynics.ThehighesttypeoflifeafterallisthelifeofsweetreasonablenessastaughtbyConfucius'grandson,Tsesse,authorofTheGoldenMean.172023/7/24IV.PhilosophyofHalf-and-halAfterallallowancesaremadeforthenecessityofhavingafewsupermeninourmidstexplorers,conquerors,greatinventors,greatpresidents,heroeswhochangethecourseofhistorythehappiestmanisstillthemanofthemiddle-classwhohasearnedaslightmeansofeconomicindependence,whohasdonealittle,butjustalittle,formankind,andwhoisslightlydistinguishedinhiscommunity,butnottoodistinguished.Itisonlyinthismilieu

（背景）ofwell-knownobscurityandfinancialcompetencewithapinch,whenlifeisfairlycarefreeandyetnotaltogethercarefree,thatthehumanspiritishappiestandsucceedsbest.182023/7/24AfterallallowancesaremadeV.ALoverofLife:TaoYuanming

Taoisthemostperfectlyharmoniousandwell-roundedcharacterintheentireChineseliterarytradition,livedanddied,acarefreeandconscience-free,humblepeasant-poet,andawiseandmerryoldman.192023/7/24V.ALoverofLife:TaoYuanmWithTao'sgreatloveoflife,hecouldnothavebeenwillingtoescapefromitaltogether.Hiswifeandchildrenweretoorealforhim,hisgardenandtheboughstretchingacrosshiscourtyardandthelonelypineswhichhefondledwerealtogethertooattractive,andbeingareasonableman,insteadofalogician,hestucktothem.Thatwashisloveoflifeandhisjealousyoverit,anditwasfromthispositive,