车辆工程IIIntroduction培训课件

VehicleEngineeringII

-RailwayVehicleDesignTheoryRailwayandUrbanMassTransitResearchInstitute7/20/20231车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDevelopmentofRailwayVehicle

inter-cityvehicle,ormainlinevehiclehighspeedvehiclemetrovehiclelightrailvehiclemonorailvehiclemaglevvehicleintelligenttransportationvehicleByFengming2004

TongjiUniversity7/20/20232车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDevelopmentofRailwayVehicleICE:7/20/20233车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDevelopmentofRailwayVehicleTGV:7/20/20234车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDevelopmentofRailwayVehicle500系：7/20/20235车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDevelopmentofRailwayVehicleX2000:7/20/20236车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDevelopmentofRailwayVehicleTR067/20/20237车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDegrees-offreedom:-1bodywith5dofs=52bogieswith5dofs=104wheelsetswith2dofs=8Total=26,i.e.52states7/20/20238车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroduction7/20/20239车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionDevelopmentofRailwayVehicleDesign1825~1960s,EmpiricalDesignPeriod1960~1990s,AnalyticalDesignPeriod1990~current,“Mehchatronic”DesignPeriod7/20/202310车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionEmpiricalDesignTalentGeniusexperienceprototypeimproveVeryslow7/20/202311车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionAnalyticalDesignConceptDesignSchematicDesignPPDesignPrototypeRunningExperimentCustomerScientist,Researcher7/20/202312车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionAnalyticalDesign

ConceptDesign:principledesignSchematicDesignorTechnicalDesign（技术设计）：includingKinetics,Dynamicsanalysis,toEvaluatetheridequality,runningsafety,brakingability;PPdesign(施工设计)：CAD,CAM,CAE(mainlyincludingthepartsstrengthanalysis,usingFEMtechnology);Prototype:Testrigrunningtest,On-linetestevaluation;RunningTest:0.5millionKilometersrunningtest,Fatiguelifetest;Customers:Evaluationfromthepointviewofcustomers;

7/20/202313车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionMechatronicDesignMechanicalsystemTrackinputsVehicleoutputs(acceleration,displacement,etc)Monitoringsystem(sensors)ElectroniccontrollerActuatorsystemControlforcesDrivesignals7/20/202314车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionMechatronicDesignActuatorsSensorsControllerLoadchangesBodyacceleration(minimise)Suspensiondeflection(constrain)Stability(constrain)Curvingperformance(optimise)VehiclesystemTrackfeatures(deterministic)Trackirregularities(stochastic)7/20/202315车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionMechatronicDesign7/20/202316车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionMechatronicDesign7/20/202317车辆工程IIIntroductionIntroductionContentsofthislesson

1.VehicleDynamics:BasicdynamicprinciplesSafetycriterionRideQuality2.StrengthAnalysisofRailwayVehicleParts:Forcesactedonparts,carbody,bogieFEManalysismethod,includingconstraints,forcesapplying,elementselection,meshingtechnique,etc.

7/20/202318车辆工程IIIntroductionPartI:VehicleSystemDynamicsIntroductionDamperSecondary

suspensionPrimarysuspension7/20/202319车辆工程IIIntroductionPartI:VehicleSystemDynamicsIntroductionSecondary

suspensionPrimarysuspension7/20/202320车辆工程IIIntroductionPartI:VehicleSystemDynamicsIntroductionBogies7/20/202321车辆工程IIIntroductionPartI:VehicleSystemDynamicsIntroductionConed

wheelFlangeRailSleeperSolidaxle7/20/202322车辆工程IIIntroductionPartI:VehicleSystemDynamics§1CausesofVehicleVibrationRelatedtotrack1.Dippedjointsofrails

7/20/202323车辆工程IIIntroduction§1CausesofVehicleVibration2.TrackVerticalDeflection7/20/202324车辆工程IIIntroduction§1CausesofVehicleVibration3.TracklocalirregularitylateralcurvatureverticalcurvaturesuperelevationswitchrailcorrugationrailwearBallastirregularity(causedbytemperaturevariation)

7/20/202325车辆工程IIIntroduction§1CausesofVehicleVibration4.TrackRandomirregularityGage:(yl-yr)/2Crosslevel:(zl-zr)/2alignment:(yl+yr)/2VerticalProfile:(zl+zr)/27/20/202326车辆工程IIIntroduction§1CausesofVehicleVibration4.TrackRandomirregularity7/20/202327车辆工程IIIntroduction§1CausesofVehicleVibration4.TrackRandomirregularityGage:

nominalgauge1435mm，,gaugewillbewidenedaccordingcurveradius（<600m）,butshouldnotbegreater6mmthenthenominalvalue,and2mmlessthenthatvalue；Crosslevel:

在正线及到发线上，不得超过4mm，其它线上不得超过6mm；

alignment:

用10m弦线测量，正线不得超过4mm，站线及专用线不得超过6mm；VerticalProfile:

大修后的线路，用10m弦线测量，正线不得超过4mm，站线及专用线不得超过6mm；7/20/202328车辆工程IIIntroduction§1CausesofVehicleVibrationRelatedtoVehicleEccentricWheelMassNon-uniformofWheelFlatWheelHuntingofTaperedWheelset7/20/202329车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicle

Eccentricwheel

verticalmovementofwheelsetaxlecenter:

V-vehiclerunningspeedr0–wheelnominalradiusT–timeelapsedW–wheelangularvelocity7/20/202330车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleMassnon-uniformUnbalancedforceproduced:Mw–wheelweight

θt–initialphaseanglev-vehiclerunningspeedr0–wheelnominalradiust–timeelapsedWhenrunningspeed>120Km/h,unbalancedvalueshouldbelessthen75g.m.

7/20/202331车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleFlatwheel

Whenwheelhasflatarea,momentumactedonwheel:Mw–wheelweight

V-vehiclerunningspeedItsperiodicaltime:7/20/202332车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetLateraldeflectionyYawangle7/20/202333车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetConed

wheelFlangeRailSleeperSolidaxle7/20/202334车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetDirectionoftravel7/20/202335车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelset当分析自由轮对的蛇行运动时，作如下假设：1、轮对无任何约束，单独在轨道上滚动；2、钢轨顶部呈刀刃状，而且是两根平行直线；3、轮对是两个对称锥体，轮轨间无任何相对滑动；4、不计轮对上的任何作用力和惯性力；则经过推导，轮对的运动方程为：7/20/202336车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetwhere：V–Runningspeed;W-angularfrequency:b–halfofwheelsetnominalrollingradiusdistancer0–nominalrollingradius

λ0–effectivewheelconicity

7/20/202337车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetHuntingperiodicaltime:Huntingwavelength:

asbincreases,Lwincreases,soweakeristhehuntingThesametor0whenλ0increases,Lwdecreases,sostrongeristhehunting7/20/202338车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetDirectionoftravel7/20/202339车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetThewheelsaremadeconical,thesmallercircumferenceattheouteredge.Thepairofwheelsarefixedtotheaxleandthusifanythingthrowsthewheelsintheslightestdegreetoonesidethewheelisimmediatelyrollingonalargercircumferencethantheotherandthetendencytorollbackisintroduced.Thecarriageiskeptalwaysinthemiddleofthetrack.Abeautifularrangement.Theflangesareanecessaryprecautionbuttheyoughtnevertotouchtherailandthereforetheycannotbesaidtokeepthewheelsontherails.Theyoughtnottocomeintoactionexcepttomeetanaccidental,lateralforce.IsambardKingdomBrunel–in1838:7/20/202340车辆工程IIIntroductionCausesRelatedtoVehicleHuntingofTaperedWheelsetGeorgeStephenson–in1821:Itmustunderstoodtheformofedgerailwaywheelsareconicalthatistheouterisratherlessthantheinnerdiameterabout3/16ofaninch.Thenfromasmallirregularityoftherailwaythewheelsmaybethrownalittletotherightoralittletotheleft,whentheformerhappenstherightwheelwillexposealargeandtheleftonesmallerdiametertothebearingsurfaceoftherailwhichwillcause