专题02 unit 1 learning about language课堂上好英语课2020 2021学年高二同步备课系列人教版2019选择性必修第一册共

Unit

1Peopleof

AchievementLearning

About

Language非限制性定语从句【情境探究】观察上面对话,并完成句子:Tom

broke

the

window,

which

made

his

motherangry.汤姆打碎了窗户,让他妈妈很生气。Thefatherwasrepairingthedesk which/

thawt

asbroken

by

his

son.这位父亲正在修理被他儿子弄坏的桌子。(3)Theyfinallygaveuptheplan which/

thatheyworked

out

last

night.他们最终放弃了昨天晚上想出的计划。【要义详析】一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别名称限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句作用起限定作用,限制或约束先行词,不可去掉,否则主句意义不完整对整个句子的意义并不重要,即使去掉,原句仍有意义结构不用逗号与主句隔开用逗号与主句隔开功能先行词不可缺少的定语对先行词起补充说明作用名称限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句引导词作宾语时可省略,介词之后的关系词不能省可用that作宾语时不可省略不可用that*This

is

the

fact

that

I

have

collected

till

now.这就是我迄今收集到的事实。(限制性定语从句,先行词是the

fact)*The

novel,

which

I

read

last

night,

is

very

interesting.那部小说,我昨晚读的那本,非常有趣。(非限制性定语从句,先行词是the

novel)*The

novel

is

very

interesting,which

makes

me

very

glad.这部小说很有意思,这让我很高兴。(非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整句话)【名师点津】非限制性定语从句形式上:用逗号“,”与主句隔开。意义上:只是对先行词的补充说明,若删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上:通常译成主句的并列句。【即学活用】This

is

an

important

present,

which

I

receivedyesterday.Football

is

a

game

which/that

is

liked

by

most

boys.(3)(2017·天津高考)My

eldest

son,

whosework

takeshim

all

over

the

world,is

in

New

Yorkat

the

moment.二、非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法1.

who,

whom,

whose引导的非限制性定语从句。关系代词who,whom引导的非限制性定语从句修饰人。关系代词who在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语;whom作宾语;介词后用whom,

不用who。(3)whose作定语,先行词是人时,whose+n.

相当于the+n.

+of

whom。先行词是物时,whose+n.

相当于the+n.

+of

which。*Our

guide,

who

was

a

French

Canadian,

was

anexcellent

cook.我们的向导,一个法裔加拿大人,擅长烹调。*Mr

Smith,

from

whom

I

have

learned

a

lot,

is

a

famousscientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家,我从他那儿学了很多东西。*The

books

on

the

desk,

whose

covers

are

shiny,

areprizes

for

us.

桌子上的书是我们的奖品,书的封皮很亮。【即学活用】用who,

whom和whose填空(1)But

Sarah,

who

has

taken

part

in

shows

along

with

topmodels,

wants

to

prove

that

she

has

brains

as

well

as

beauty.(2)Peter,

whom

you

met

in

London,

is

now

back

in

Paris.(3)Isobel,

whose

brother

was

training

for

the

match,had

heard

the

joke

before.2.

which,

as的用法。(1)两者在定语从句中作主语或宾语。*Water,

which

is

a

clear

liquid,

has

many

uses.水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。*Our

country

has

sent

up

another

man-made

earthsatellite,

as

is

reported

in

the

papers.报纸上报道,我国又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。(2)as,

which引导非限制性定语从句的区别。项目aswhich指代引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容,又可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后引导的从句不能位于主句之前意义正如这,那*I

borrowed

the

book

Sherlock

Holmes

from

the

librarylast

week,

which

my

classmates mended

to

me.我上周从图书馆借了《夏洛克·福尔摩斯》,这本书是我班同学推荐给我的。*(2017·江苏高考)The

number

of

smokers,

as

is

reported,has

dropped

by

17

percent

in

just

one

year.正如所报道的那样,仅仅一年的时间,吸烟者的数量下降了17%。is

how

we【即学活用】用which和as填空(1)By

boat

is

the

only

way

to

get

here,

whicharrived.(2)

As

can

be

seen

from

his

face,

he

is

quite

pleased.3.

when,

where的用法。关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语,指代主句中表示时间的词语。关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,指代主句中表示地点的词语。when/where有时可以换成“介词+which”。*We’ll

put

off

the

picnic

in

the

park

until

next

week,when

the

weather

may

be

better.我们打算把在公园里的这次野餐推迟到下周,那时天气可能会更好。*Opposite

is

St.

Paul’s

Church,

where

you

can

hear

somelovely

music.对面是圣保罗教堂,在那里你能听到好听的音乐。*I

left

on

Sunday,

when/on

which

everyone

was

at

home.我星期日离开的,当时人人都在家。【即学活用】用适当的关系副词填空He

will

put

off

the

picnic

until

May

1st,

when

hewill

be

free.They

went

to

London,

wherethey

lived

for

sixmonths.4.

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。在“介词+关系代词”中,关系代词用whom指人,用which指物。*He

worked

in

a

car

factory

for

four

years,

afterwhich

he

founded

his

own

company

in

his

hometown.他在一家汽车厂工作了4年,之后在他的家乡建立了自己的公司。*We

are

short

of

two

people,

without

whom

we

will

needthree

more

days

to

finish

the

work.我们缺少两个人,没有他们,我们还需要三天的时