2023年考研考博考博英语全国医学统考考试高频考点参考题库含答案

2023年考研考博考博英语全国医学统考考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题7.问题1选项A.Sheisgivingthemananinjection.B.Sheislisteningtotheman’sheart.C.Sheisfeelingtheman’spulse.D.Sheishelpingthemanstopshivering.2.单选题8.问题1选项A.$60.B.$40.C.$360.D.$30.3.单选题16-20问题1选项A.Heishavingaphysicalcheckup.B.Hehasjustundergoneanoperation.C.Hehasjustrecoveredfromanillness.D.Hewillbedischargedfromthehospitalthisafternoon.问题2选项A.Hegotaninfectioninthelungs.B.Hehadhisgallbladderinflamed.C.Hewassufferingfrominfluenza.D.Hehaddevelopedabigkidneystone.问题3选项A.Abitbetter.B.Terriblyawful.C.Couldn'tbebetter.D.Okay,butabitweak.问题4选项A.Tobeconfinedtoawheelchair.B.Tostayindoorsforacompleterecovery.C.Tostayinbedanddrinkalotofwater.D.Tomoveaboutandenjoythesunshine.问题5选项A.From4p.m.to6p.m.B.From5p.m.to7p.m.C.From6p.m.to8p.m.D.From7p.m.to9p.m.4.单选题2.问题1选项A.Takeaholidayfromwork.B.Worrylessaboutwork.C.Takesomesleepingpills.D.Workhardertoforgetallhertrouble.5.单选题Asanurse,Dorothyisanaturalhealerwhoisendowedwithcompassionandhasavarietyofmodalitiestobenefitherpatientsofallages.问题1选项A.braveryB.expertiseC.proficiencyD.sympathy6.单选题1.问题1选项A.Howtodealwithhissleepingproblem.B.Thecauseofhissleepingproblem.C.Whatfollowshisinsomnia.D.Theseverityofhismedicalproblem.7.单选题15.问题1选项A.Tenyearsago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.Fifteenyearsago.D.Severalweeksago.8.单选题Manyproblemsthatweface,suchasdepression,compulsiveandaddictivebehaviors,andanxiety,resultfromhumaninherentdesiretoseekpleasure.问题1选项A.consecutiveB.excessiveC.obsessiveD.possessive9.单选题4.问题1选项A.Fourdays.B.Tendays.C.Oneweek.D.Twoweeks.10.单选题问题1选项A.Seriousofhighbloodpressure.B.Medicationofhighbloodpressure.C.Quantityofmedicationforhighbloodpressure.D.Complaintaboutthemedicationforhighbloodpressure.问题2选项A.Toincreasedosage.B.Tocutdosage.C.Tochangeintoanothermedication.D.Toaddanothermedication.问题3选项A.Taketwomedicationseveryday.B.Toreducethedosage.C.Toconsiderthemedicationsherecommended.D.Tocheckthemedicationoutoninternet.11.单选题21-25问题1选项A.About10,000,000.B.About1,000,000.C.About100,000.D.About10,000.问题2选项A.Acocktailofvitamins.B.Acocktailofvitaminsplusmagnesium.C.ThecombinationofvitaminsA,CandE.D.E.D.E.D.Thecombinationofminerals23.问题3选项A.Thedelicatestructuresoftheinnerear.B.Theinnerearcells.C.Theeardrums.D.Theinnerearossicles.24.问题4选项A.GeneralMotors(通用汽车公司).B.TheUnitedAutoWorkers(汽车工会).C.NIH.D.Allofabove25.问题5选项A.AnindustrialtrialinSpain.B.Militarytrials(军事审判)inSpainandSweden.C.IndustrialtrialsinSpainandSweden.D.AtrialinvolvingstudentsattheUniversityofFlorida.12.单选题10.问题1选项A.Shemarriedbecauseofloneliness.B.Shemarriedamillionaire.C.Shemarriedformoney.D.Shemarriedforlove.13.单选题Ifthethoughtofleavinghomewithoutyourmobilephonecausesyouto（

）coldsweat,youcouldbesufferingfromnomophobia:thefearofhavingnomobilephone.问题1选项A.breakintoB.breakoutC.breakthroughD.breakup14.单选题

TheremaybenobetterexampleofwhatismeantbypreventivemedicinethanthestrategyofVaccination.Ahealthypersonisgivenatinytasteofavirus—fluorpolio,say—that’stooweaktocauseillnessbutjustenoughtointroducethebodytothepathogen.Iftheviruslatershowsupforreal,theimmunesystemisprimedandwaitingforit.

That’sclosetohowacancervaccineworks,butnotprecisely.Mostexpertsseecancervaccinesasahybridoftreatmentandprevention.Whileit’struethattheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationhasapprovedvaccinesagainstcervicalandlivercancer,botharedesignedtofightthevirusesmostresponsibleforcausingthedisease,asopposedtotargetingcanceritself—humanpapillomavirus(HPV;人乳头瘤病毒)inthecaseofcervicalcancerandhepatitisBinthecaseoflivertumors.

Usingvaccinestopreventnonviralcancersinsomeonewhoisdisease-freeisawholedifferentmater.Foronething,it’smuchmoredifficulttodetermineaperson’schanceofdevelopingaparticulartypeofcancerthanitistodeterminethelikelihoodofbeingexposedto,say,theinfluenzavirusorchickenpox.Whatpassesfor“exposure”inthecaseofnonviralcancersisacombinationofgenesandenvironmentandarangeofotherXfactorsthatcanvaryfrompersontoperson.Howdoyouvaccinateagainstyourfamilylegacyofbreastcanceroryourconstantexposuretosecondhandcigarettesmoke?

Butthatdoesn’tmeantheimmunesystemcan’tbeexploitedinadifferentway.Cancervaccineswouldideallybeusedinpatientswhosediseasehasalreadybeendiagnosedandtreatedwithsurgery,chemotherapyorradiation.Theywouldthenbeimmunizedasawaytopreventthecancerfromcomingbackandspreading.Suchmetastasesareactuallytheleadingcauseofdeathfromcancer.“Thecharmofworkingwiththeimmunesystemisthatwecanusethebody’sowndefensemechanismstopossiblygettothatlastcancercelloratleastcreateasurveillancesystemthatkeepsthatcancerundercontrol,”saysanoncologist.1.Thefirstparagraphismeanttodescribe（

）.2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofvaccinesagainstcancer?3.Accordingtothepassage,whyisitdifficulttousevaccinestopreventnon-viralcancers?4.Fromthecontext,whatdoestheauthorsuggestbysaying“passesfor‘exposure’”?5.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat（

）.问题1选项A.theevolutionofvaccinationB.themechanismofvaccinationC.thesignificanceofvaccinationD.thepopularizationofvaccination问题2选项A.Theyareboththerapeuticandpreventive.B.Vaccinesagainstcervicalcanceralsoworkonlivercancer.C.Vaccinescanreplaceothertherapeuticmodalitiesforcancer.D.Theystrictlyfollowthemechanismoftraditionalvaccination.问题3选项A.Becausetoomanyfactorsmakeithardtodeterminethemaincauses.B.Becausegeneticmakeupplaysadominantroleincancerdevelopment.C.Becausethedevelopmentofsuchvaccinesrequiresenormousinvestment.D.Becauseliteratureislimitedontheefficacyofvaccinesfornon-viralcancers.问题4选项A.The“exposure”inantiviralvaccinationandanticancervaccinationisdifferent.B.The“exposure”incancervaccinationdoesnotproduceanylong-termeffect.C.“Exposure”isauselessconceptwhencancerisgenetically-determined.D.Constant“exposure”tosomethingmaymaketheexposureineffective.问题5选项A.vaccinationisabletopreventtheoccurrenceofcancerB.cancervaccinesmayreplacetheconventionaltherapiesC.cancervaccinesmaycontrolthecancerrecurrencesandmetastasesD.vaccinationagainstcancerispossibleintheorybutalmostimpossibleinreality15.单选题问题1选项A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesdayC.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.16.单选题2.问题1选项A.Hehasaterriblebackache.B.Hehasabadheadache.C.Hehasatoothache.D.Hehasadiarrhea.17.单选题21-25问题1选项A.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandsleepdeprivation.B.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandsleepdeprivation.C.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandphysicalexercise.D.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandphysicalexercise.问题2选项A.Morethan68000.B.Morethan60800.C.Morethan60080.D.Morethan60008.问题3选项A.Seven-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanfive-hourones.B.Five-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethanseven-hourones.C.Short-sleeperswere15%morelikelytobecomeobese.D.Short-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanlongsleepers.24.问题4选项A.Overeatingamongthesleep-deprived.B.Littleexerciseamongthesleep-deprived.C.Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.D.Highermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.25.问题5选项A.Exerciseeveryday.B.Takedietpills.C.Goonadiet.D.Sleepmore.18.单选题16-20问题1选项A.Becausehehaddifficultyswallowingit.B.Becauseitwasupsettinghisstomach.C.Becausehewasallergictoit.D.Becauseitwastooexpensive.问题2选项A.Hecan’tplaysocceranymore.B.Hehasaseriousfootproblem.C.Heneedsanoperation.D.Hehascancer.问题3选项A.Abloodtransfusion.B.Anallergytest.C.Aurinetest..D.Abiopsy.问题4选项A.Toseeifhehascancer.B.Toseeifhehasdepression.C.Toseeifherequiressurgery.D.Toseeifhehasfoodallergyproblem.问题5选项A.Relieved.B.Anxious.C.Angry.D.Depressed.19.单选题问题1选项A.Itsbenefits.B.ltseffects.C.ltsdisadvantages.D.ltsusefulness.问题2选项A.lthelpstosimplifythetask.B.ltmakestheclinicalinformationsystemsmorecomplex.C.Itismoredifficultwithoutclinicalinformationsystem.D.ltissimplertocarrythetaskout.问题3选项A.Theyareforcedtobebrief.B.Theysavedoctor'stime.C.Theytendtobelongbutmeaningless.D.Theyarewelcomedbydoctors.20.单选题Cancercellshideamonghealthycellstoconcealtheir（

）proteins.问题1选项A.abundantB.malignantC.equivalentD.prevalent第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】M:Ooh,that’scold!W:Don’tworry,it’sjustmystethoscope[ˈsteθəskoʊp].Q:Whatisthewomandoing?【解析】细节题。关键在于对话中的单词stethoscope（听诊器），故选B。2.【答案】D【解析】M:Ok.Sothatwouldbe800dollarsplus60dollarsinovertime,right?W:Right,somypaycheckshouldbe860dollars,butonly830dollarswereputintomyaccount.M:Sorryaboutthat.I’llrecordthemistaketodayandwirethemoneyintoyouraccountfirstthingtomorrowmorning.Q:Howmuchwillthemanwireintothewoman'saccount?【解析】计算题。本应打入女士账户860美元，但实际只有830美元，因此还应打入30美元。3.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C【解析】W:Hello.M:Hello!W:So,didyouhaveacomfortablenight?M:No,notreally.W:Sorrytohearthat.Andhowareyoufeelingatthemoment?M:Abitbetter.W:Youdon’tfeelsickatall?M:No,I’mOK.W:That’sgood!Areyouhavingsipsofwater?M:No.W:Wouldyoulikesome?M:Well,Idon’treallyfeellikeW:Ah,youcan’tdrinkanythingatthemoment.M:Thenurseshavebeengivingmemouthwashes.W:Yes.Ithinkyoubegintopickupasthedaygoeson.Andwe’llcarryongivingyousomethingtoeasethediscomfort.Doesithurtmuch?M:Well,itdoeswhenImoveabout.W:Right.(19)Butthesoonerwehaveyouonthemove,thequickeryoustarttoheal.Sowe’llhelpyousitinthechairthisafternoon.Enjoythesunshine.M:OK,Ican’tsayI’mreallylookingforwardtothat.W:(17)YouhaveaprettybiggallstoneandtheGallbladderwasquiteinflamed.Therewasalotofinfectionarounditandinsideit.(16)Well,it’soutnow.Sononeedtoworryaboutit.Itwon’tcauseyouanymoretrouble.M:Uh.W:Anymorequestionsoranythingwecandoforyou?M:No,IthinkI’mOK.(18)I’mfeelingabitofweakatthemoment.Whenwillmywifebeabletocomeandseeme?Thenursestoldmebefore,butIcan’tremember.W:(20)Thevisitinghoursarefrom6to8intheevening.M:OK,thankyou.She’llbeheretonightinthatcase.W:Fine.I’llstopintoseeyoutomorrow.M:Thankyou.16.What’strueaboutthemanintheconversation?【解析】女士说“Well,it’soutnow.Sononeedtoworryaboutit.Itwon’tcauseyouanymoretrouble”可知，男士得了胆结石，而且胆囊发炎，但现在取出来了，所以是刚经历过手术。故选B。17.Whatwaswrongwiththeman?【解析】女士说“Youhaveaprettybiggallstoneandthegallbladderwasquiteinflamed”，由此可知，他胆囊发炎了。故选B。18.Howisthemanfeelingnow?【解析】男士说“I’mfeelingabitofweakatthemoment”，由此可知，病人仍旧感到虚弱。19.What’sthemansupposedtodoaccordingtothedoctor’sorders?【解析】女士说“Butthesoonerwehaveyouonthemove,thequickeryoustarttoheal.Sowe’llhelpyousitinthechairthisafternoon.Enjoythesunshine”可知，男士会四处活动一下。故选D。20.What’sthehospital’svisitinghours?【解析】女士“Thevisitinghoursarefrom6to8intheevening”可知，探访时间是晚上6点到8点。故选C。4.【答案】B【解析】W:IsthereanythingelseIcandotohelpmesleeptonight?M:Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork.Iknow,Iknow,easiersaidthandone.W:ShouldIstayhomefromwork?M:No,Idon’tthinkthat’snecessary,justremembertostaycalm.Q:Whatdidthedoctorsuggestthewomando?【解析】细节题。医生建议：Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork（少想工作），故选B。5.【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A.bravery勇敢B.expertise专门知识；专门技术C.proficiency精通；熟练D.sympathy同情；慰问【答案】D【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】由本句句意可知作为一名护士，所应该有的是同情心以及专业的知识，而从前半句中的“naturalhealer（天生的治疗师）”可知天生所拥有的是同情心，所以D选项“同情，慰问”符合题意。划线单词compassion“同情”。【干扰项排除】A选项bravery勇敢，与护士治疗病人无关，不符合句意；B选项expertise专门知识；专门技术，因为说的是天生的治疗师，因此应该是天生所具有的品格，专门知识是后天所拥有的；C选项proficiency精通；熟练，这也是后天才具备的，不符合句意。【句意】作为一名护士，多萝西是一个天生的治疗师，她被赋予了同情心，有各种各样的方式来帮助她的所有年龄的病人。6.【答案】A【解析】M:WhatabouttheproblemthatI’vebeenhavinginsleeping?W:Iamgoingtogiveyouaprescriptionofsomemedicinetohelpyougetabetternight’ssleep.Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?【解析】细节题。通过对话得知，男士睡眠不好，女士要给他开药改善睡眠。7.【答案】A【解析】M:Now,I’dliketoaskyouaboutanyillnessesyou’vehadinthepast.Couldyoutellmeaboutthis?W:Letmethink...IhadmyappendixoutwhenIwas15.AndIhadachestinfectionwhenIwasonholidayintheUSA5yearsago.That’sall.M:Couldyoutellmeifyou’vehadanyaccidentsorinjuredyourselfatanytime?W:Wellyes,Islippedontheiceandbrokemyneck10yearsago.ActuallyIwasinhospitalthenforseveralweeks.I’dforgottenthat.Q:Whendidthewomanhaveabonefracture?【解析】细节题。女士说：Islippedontheiceandbrokemyneck10yearsago（10年前我在冰上滑倒摔了脖子），故选A。8.【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A.consecutive连贯的；连续不断的B.excessive过多的C.obsessive强迫性的；着迷的D.possessive占有的；所有的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】划线单词前面说我们面临许多行为，这些行为有抑郁和成瘾性行为，以及焦虑，都是一些不好的行为，划线处单词与这些行为并列，由此可知划线处单词也是不好的行为。所以C选项“强迫性”符合题意。划线单词compulsive“强迫性的”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】我们所面临的许多问题，如抑郁、强迫性和成瘾行为，以及焦虑，都是源于人类内在的寻求快乐的欲望。9.【答案】D【解析】W:Well,Mr.Black,whatbroughtyoualongtoday?M:I’vegotapaininmystomach.W:Howlonghaveitbeenbotheringyou?M:Afortnight.Q:Howlonghastheman’sstomachache?【解析】细节题。Afortnight的意思是十四日，两周。10.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C【解析】第1题:在对话中反复出现了“medication”这个词，且一开始这个男性就说到“bloodpressure”的问题，因此他们谈论的就是“治疗高血压的药物”。B选项正确。第2题:对话中男性说到“AndIwanttoaddanotherdrugtorelieveyoursymptom”，说明是要再增加一种药物，以缓解高血压药的副作用。D选项正确。第3题:最后，这个女性说到“Whataboutthismedication?”以及说到自己朋友用过，且说效果好，自己也查过。说明她想要医生考虑她推荐的药物。C选项正确。11.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】(21)About10millionpeopleintheU.S.alone,fromtroopsreturningfromwartostudentswithmusicblastingthroughheadphonesaresufferingfromimpairingnoise-inducedhearingloss.TheriseintrendissomethingthatresearchersandphysiciansattheUniversityofMichiganCresgoHearingResearchInstitutearehopingtoreverse,withthecocktailofvitaminsandthemineralmagnesium(镁)thatshallpromiseasapossiblewaytopreventhearinglosscausedbyloudnoise.Thenutrientsweresuccessfulinlaboratorytests.Andnowresearchersaretestingwhetherhumanswillbenefitaswell.(22)ThecombinationofvitaminsA,CandEplusmagnesiumisgivenonpillformtopatientswhoareparticipatingintheresearch.DevelopedattheUMCresgoHearingResearchInstitute,themedication,calledOralQuell,isdesignedtobetakenbeforeapersonisexposedtotheloudnoise.Untiladecadeago,itwasthoughtthatnoisedamagedhearingbyintensemechanicalvibrationsthatdestroyeddelicatestructuresoftheinnerear.Therewasnointerventiontoprotecttheinnerearotherthanreducingtheintensityofsoundreachingit,suchasearplugswhicharenotalwayseffective.(23)Itwasthendiscoveredthatnoisecausedintensemetabolicactivityintheinnerearandproductionofmoleculesthatdamagetheinnerearcells.Andthatallowsthediscoveryofinterventiontopreventtheseeffects.(24)Thelaboratoryresearchthatledtoanewunderstandingofmechanismsunderlyingnoise-inducedhearinglosswasfundedbyNIH,thePreclinicalTranslationResearchthatledtotheformulationofOralQuellaseffectivepreventativewasfundedbyGeneralMotorsandtheUnitedAutoWorkers.NowOralQuellisbeingtestedinasetoffourmultinationalhumanclinicaltrials:(25)militarytrialsinSwedenandSpain,andindustrialtrialsinSpainandthetrialinvolvingstudentsattheUniversityofFloridawholistentomusicathighvolumesontheiriPodsandotherPDAs.21.Accordingtothetalk,howmanyvictimsofhearingproblemarethereintheUnitedStatesalone?【解析】原文一开头便提到：About10millionpeopleintheU.S.Alone…aresufferingfromimpairingnoise-inducedhearingloss，即听力受损的大约有1000万人。22.WhichdidUMCresgoHearingResearchInstitutedeveloptopreventhearingloss?【解析】原文中说该研究采用的是“combinationofvitaminsA,CandEplusmagnesium”，选项B“维生素和镁的混合药”正确。23.Accordingtothelatestfindings,whatdoesloudnoisedamage?【解析】文中提到“Itwasthendiscoveredthatnoisecausedintensemetabolicactivityintheinnerearandproductionofmoleculesthatdamagetheinnerearcells”，即噪音产生的原子能损害内耳的细胞。24.Accordingtothetalk,whosupportedthelabresearch?【解析】题目问这一研究由谁支持，文中提到了NIH国家卫生研究所。25.WhichofthefollowingisnotincludedasthemultinationalhumanclinicaltrialsforOralQuell?【解析】题目问哪一个不属于多国人类临床试验，只有C选项与原文不一致。12.【答案】C【解析】W:Cindyjustgotdivorced.M:Sosoon!Shegotmarriedonlylastsummer.W:Well,shefoundoutthatherhusbandwasnotthemillionaireshethoughthewas.Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutCindy?【解析】推断题。女士说：shefoundoutthatherhusbandwasnotthemillionaireshethoughthewas，即Cindy离婚的原因是发现丈夫没有想象得那么有钱。13.【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A.breakinto闯入B.breakout爆发；突发C.breakthrough突破；突围D.breakup打碎；破碎；结束；解散【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析。【解题思路】如果离开家不带手机的想法会使你……冷汗，你可能患上了无手机综合症：对没有手机感到恐惧。由本题句意可知应该是冒冷汗，B选项“爆发；突发”可引申为该句所需要的含义，因此选B。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合句意。【句意】如果离开家不带手机的想法会使你出一身冷汗，那你可能患上了“无手机恐惧症”：对没有手机感到恐惧。14.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】Thefirstparagraphismeanttodescribe（）.第一段是为了描述____。A.theevolutionofvaccinationA.疫苗的发展B.themechanismofvaccinationB.疫苗接种机制C.thesignificanceofvaccinationC.接种疫苗的意义D.thepopularizationofvaccinationD.疫苗接种的普及【答案】B【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据出处提示词firstparagraph与题干信息可定位至原文第一段第一句“预防医学中，没有比疫苗注射策略更好的例子了”，推断第一段主要是向我们介绍疫苗注射后是如何起作用的，所以B选项“疫苗接种机制”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“疫苗的发展”，文中没有提及属于无中生有；C选项“接种疫苗的意义”文中没有提及属于无中生有；D选项“疫苗接种的普及”属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】Whichofthefollowingistrueofvaccinesagainstcancer?关于癌症疫苗，下列哪项是正确的？A.Theyareboththerapeuticandpreventive.A.它们既具有治疗作用又具有预防作用。B.Vaccinesagainstcervicalcanceralsoworkonlivercancer.B.宫颈癌疫苗对肝癌也有效。C.Vaccinescanreplaceothertherapeuticmodalitiesforcancer.C.疫苗可以替代癌症的其他治疗方式。D.Theystrictlyfollowthemechanismoftraditionalvaccination.D.它们严格遵循传统的疫苗接种机制。【答案】A【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句“大多数专家认为癌症疫苗是治疗和预防的结合”，由此句可知A选项“它们既具有治疗作用又具有预防作用”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项“宫颈癌疫苗对肝癌也有效。”，文中提到“这两种疫苗都是为了对抗引起疾病的主要病毒，而不是针对癌症”，所以该选项属于过度推断；C选项“疫苗可以替代癌症的其他治疗方式。”，与原文意思不符，属于反向干扰；D选项“它们严格遵循传统的疫苗接种机制。”，文中没有提及属于无中生有。3.【选项释义】Accordingtothepassage,whyisitdifficulttousevaccinestopreventnon-viralcancers?根据文章，为什么使用疫苗来预防非病毒性癌症如此困难？A.Becausetoomanyfactorsmakeithardtodeterminethemaincauses.A.因为太多的因素使得很难确定主要的原因。B.Becausegeneticmakeupplaysadominantroleincancerdevelopment.B.因为基因组成在癌症发展中起着主导作用。C.Becausethedevelopmentofsuchvaccinesrequiresenormousinvestment.C.因为开发这种疫苗需要巨大的投资。D.Becauseliteratureislimitedontheefficacyofvaccinesfornon-viralcancers.D.因为文献对非病毒性癌症的疫苗疗效有限。【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第三段最后两句“在非病毒性癌症中，所谓的‘接触’是基因、环境和一系列因人而异的其他未知因素的结合。试问你如何接种疫苗来预防你的家族遗传性乳腺癌或抵制长期接触的二手烟？”推断非病毒性癌症致病的因素是一系列综合因素，无法通过接种疫苗来免疫。所以A选项“因为太多的因素使得很难确定主要的原因。”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项“因为基因组成在癌症发展中起着主导作用。”，原文中只说家族遗传的很难用疫苗来预防，并未说其组成占主导地位，这里偷换概念；C选项“因为开发这种疫苗需要巨大的投资。”，文中没有提及属于无中生有；D选项“因为文献对非病毒性癌症的疫苗疗效有限。”，文中没有提及属于无中生有。4.【选项释义】Fromthecontext,whatdoestheauthorsuggestbysaying“passesfor‘exposure’”?从上下文来看，作者说“通行证是‘接触’”是什么意思？A.The“exposure”inantiviralvaccinationandanticancervaccinationisdifferent.A.在抗病毒疫苗接种和抗癌疫苗接种中的“接触”是不同的。B.The“exposure”incancervaccinationdoesnotproduceanylong-termeffect.B.癌症疫苗的“接触”不会产生任何长期的影响。C.“Exposure”isauselessconceptwhencancerisgenetically-determined.C.当癌症是由基因决定的时候，“接触”是一个无用的概念。D.Constant“exposure”tosomethingmaymaketheexposureineffective.D.持续地“接触”某些东西可能会使接触变得无效。【答案】A【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干关键词“passesfor‘exposure’（通过‘接触’所传递的事物）”可将信息点定位至原文第三段倒数第二句“在非病毒性癌症中，所谓的‘接触’是基因、环境和一系列因人而异的其他未知因素的组合”，再结合本段第一句“使用疫苗来预防无病人的非病毒性癌症是完全不同的事情。”由这两句可知A选项“在抗病毒疫苗接种和抗癌疫苗接种中的‘接触’是不同的。”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项“癌症疫苗的‘接触’不会产生任何长期的影响。”，文中没有提及属于无中生有；C选项“当癌症是由基因决定的时候，‘接触’是一个无用的概念。”，文中没有提及，属于无中生有；D选项“持续地‘接触’某些东西可能会使接触变得无效。”，文中没有提及属于无中生有。5.【选项释义】Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat（）.从最后一段我们可以得出结论____。A.vaccinationisabletopreventtheoccurrenceofcancerA.接种疫苗可以预防癌症的发生B.cancervaccinesmayreplacetheconventionaltherapiesB.癌症疫苗可能会取代传统疗法C.cancervaccinesmaycontrolthecancerrecurrencesandmetastasesC.癌症疫苗可以控制癌症的复发和转移D.vaccinationagainstcancerispossibleintheorybutalmostimpossibleinrealityD.接种癌症疫苗在理论上是可能的，但在现实中几乎是不可能的【答案】C【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据提示词lastParagraph与题干信息可定位至原文最后一段第二、三句“理想情况下，癌症疫苗将用于那些已经通过手术、化疗或放疗进行诊断和治疗的患者。让他们形成免疫能力，以防止癌症复发和扩散。”由这两句可知C选项“癌症疫苗可以控制癌症的复发和转移”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“接种疫苗可以预防癌症的发生”，文中并没有说接种疫苗后就不会发生癌症，属于过度推断；B选项“癌症疫苗可能会取代传统疗法”，文中只是说运用了疫苗这个方法，并没有说取代，属于过度推断；D选项“接种癌症疫苗在理论上是可能的，但在现实中几乎是不可能的”，文中没有提及属于无中生有。15.【答案】A【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?【试题答案】A【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：男士预约了什么？由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.（我想星期三来。）”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten（我可以帮你预约那天上午10点。）”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.（我想约史密斯医生。）”，可知A选项“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.（周三上午10点史密斯医生。）”符合原文。16.【答案】A【解析】M:Whattimewouldyourdoctorbeintoday?W:Heishereafter2:30.Doyouneedtoseehimtoday?M:Yesmybackiskillingme.Q:What’stheman’sproblem?【解析】男士说：Yesmybackiskillingme(我的背疼死了)，故选A。17.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】Here’sadreamyweight-lossplan:takeanap.That’sthemessagefromworkbySanjayPatelatCaseWesternReserveUniversityinCleveland,Ohio.(21)(22)(23)Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight.Controllingforotherdifferencesbetweenthegroups,Patelfoundthatwomenwhoslept5hoursorlessgained0.7kilogramsmoreonaverageover10yearsthan7-hoursleepers.Theshort-sleepinggroupwasalso32percentmorelikelytohavegained15kilogramsormore,and15percentmorelikelytohavebecomeobese.Significantly,theshort-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanthosewhoslept7hours,saysPatel,whopresentedhisresultsthisweekattheAmericanThoracicSocietyInternationalConferenceinSanDiego,California.Thisfindingoverturnsthecommonviewthatovereatingamongthesleep-deprivedexplainssuchweightdifferences.

(24)Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleepmaybethereasonbehindtheweightgain,Patelsuggests.(25)“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight,”hesays.21.WhatdidPatel’sstudyindicate?【解析】根据录音内容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知，应该讲的是睡眠不足与体重增加的问题。故选B。22.HowmanysubjectsdidPatelhaveinhisstudy?【解析】根据录音内容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfound...”可知，受试对象超过68000。故选A。23.AccordingtoPatel’sstudy,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?【解析】根据录音内容“Hisstudyofmorethan68000womenhasfoundthatthosewhosleeplessthan5hoursanightgainmoreweightovertimethanthosewhosleep7hoursanight”可知，A选项恰与之意思相反。故选A。24.AccordingtoPatel,whatmightbethereasonbehindtheweightdifferences?【解析】根据录音内容“Lowermetabolicratebehindtheweightgain”可知，由于睡眠时间少而导致的代谢缓慢可能是体重增加的原因。故选C。25.WhatsuggestionwillPatelgivetothosewhowanttoloseweight?【解析】根据录音内容“Itobviouslyalsosuggeststhatgettingpeopletosleepmoremightbearelativelyeasywaytohelppeopleloseweight”可知，对于要减肥的人们来说，多睡会儿可能会起作用。故选D。18.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:D第5题:A【解析】W:Hi,Patrick,howareyoufeelingtoday?M:Abitbetter.W:That’sgoodtohear.Areyoustillfeelingnausea?M:No.(16)Ihaven’tfeltsicktomystomachsinceyouswitchedmymedication.W.Great,say,yourtestresultcamethismorningM:It’sabouttime.Isitgoodnewsorbad?W:Iguessit'sabitofboth.Whichdoyouwantfirst?M:Let’sgetthebadnewsoverwith.W:OK.(17)Itlookslikeyouaregoingtoneedsurgerytoremoveyourtumorfromyourleg.Aftertheoperationyou’regoingtohavetostayoffyourfeetforatleast3weeks.Thatmeansnosoccer.M:Well,Iwasafraidyouweregoingtosaythat.W:Now.Forthegoodnews.(18)Thebiopsyshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonthesafeside.M:(20)Wow,that’saloadoffmymind.Thanksdoctor.W:Don’tgettooexcited,westillneedtogettothebottomofallthiswayofloathing...M:Iprobablyhavejustbeensoworriedaboutstupidlump.W:Thesethingsoftenarestress-related,butwe’restillgoingtodoafewbloodtestsjusttoruleafewthingsout.M:Thingslikewhat?Cancer?W:(19)Actually,Iamthinkingmorealongthelineoffoodallergy.16.Whatdidthemanhavetoswitchthemedication?【解析】病人说胃里很恶心（upset），因此医生考虑要换药（switchthemedication）。故本题答案为B。17.Whatisthebadnewsfortheman?【解析】医生说“Thatmeansnosoccer”，即不能踢球，但并非永远不能再踢球，而是3个星期没法踢球。导致这个结果的原因是该病人腿部需要做一个手术。因此本题正确答案为C。18.Whatmedicalprocedureshavethemanalreadyundergone?【解析】通过对话内容可知，病人已经做了biopsy（活检）。因此本题答案为D。19.Whydidthedoctoraskthemantotakeafewbloodtests?【解析】医生告诉病人还需要做几个血液化验，来排除过敏（allergy）的问题。因此本题答案为D。20.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheman’sfeelingintheend?【解析】医生说“Thebeltshowsthetumorisbenignwhichmeansitisnotcancerous.We’regoingtotakeitoutanyway,justtobeonasafeside.”病人排除了恶性肿瘤等问题，应该是比较放松的。因此本题答案为A。19.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:C【解析】第1题:对于临床信息系统，对话中的描述是“Complexclinicalinformationsystemsmakesimpletasksdifficulttocarryout（复杂的临床信息系统使得简单的任务难以执行）”，这是在说它的缺点，所以C选项正确。第2题:这个女性提到医生对于这个软件的抱怨“Complexclinicalinformationsystemsmakesimpletasksdifficulttocarryout（复杂的临床信息系统使得简单的任务难以执行）”，说明这个软件其实使得临床信息系统更加复杂了，因此B选项正确。第3题:最后一句说到“Thesenotesareoftenexcessivelylongandlackingmeaning（计算机生成的临床记录一般都很长而且毫无意义）”，因此C选项符合文意。20.【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A.abundant丰富的；充裕的B.malignant恶性的；有害的C.equivalent相等的；等价的D.prevalent普遍的；流行的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】癌细胞隐藏在健康细胞中以隐藏……蛋白质。根据逻辑，癌细胞是隐藏有害的、已经恶性的蛋白质。所以B选项“恶性的；有害的”符合逻辑。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合逻辑。【句意】癌细胞隐藏在健康细胞中，以隐藏它们的恶性蛋白质。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题2.问题1选项A.Abrokenfinger.B.Aterriblecough.C.Frontalheadaches.D.Eyeproblem.2.单选题

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