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自考英语2历年真题及答案
一、词汇单选题。(每题1分,共20分)
1.Smallclasssizesensurecloseinteractionbetweenstudentsandfaculty.中划线单词的
释义为______。[单选题]*
A.设备
B.能力
C.(高等院校的)全体教员(正确答案)
D.(政府的)专门机构答案解析:1.C。本句句意为:小班授课确保了学生和教师之间的密切互动。在本句中,faculty意为“(高等院校的)全体教员”。
2.Thethreatofunemploymenthasbeenloomingonthehorizon.中划线单词的释义
为______。[单选题]*
A.消失
B.收获
C.跟随
D.逼近(正确答案)答案解析:2.D。本句句意为:失业的威胁已经在逼近。在本句中,loom意为“逼近”。
3.Multipleclinicaltrialsareunderwaytoinvestigatepotentialtreatments.中划线单词的
释义为______。[单选题]*
A.审判
B.琐事
C.试验(正确答案)
D.踪迹答案解析:3.C。本句句意为:目前正在进行多项临床试验,以研究潜在的治疗方法。在本句中,trial意为“试验”。
4.Theycalledforassurancesthatthegovernmentiscommittedtoitseducationpolicy.中
划线单词的释义为______[单选题]*
A.津贴
B.保证(正确答案)
C.保险
D.自信答案解析:4.B。本句句意为:他们要求政府保证切实执行其教育方针。在本句中,assurance意为“保证”。
5.Thereportinginthepapersisentirelypartialandmakesnoattempttobeobjective.中
划线单词的释义为______。[单选题]*
A.特殊的
B.部分的
C.不公平的(正确答案)
D.不重要的答案解析:5.C。本句句意为:报纸上的报道完全不公平,而且也没打算保持客观。在本句中,partial意为“不公平的”。
6.ManybusinessesaremovingoutofNewYorkbecausethe______therearesohigh.[单选题]*
A.overheads(正确答案)
B.overtimes
C.outlooks
D.outsets答案解析:6.A。本句句意为:许多企业正迁出纽约,因为那里的开支太高了。在本句中,overhead意为“开支”。B选项overtime意为“加班”;C选outlook意为“前景”;D选项outset意为“开始”。
7.Shegavesomeshockingexamplesto______theseriousnessofthesituation.[单选题]*
A.upset
B.upend
C.underline(正确答案)
D.undergo答案解析:7.C。本句句意为:她举了一些令人震惊的例子以强调形势的严峻。在本句中,underline意为“强调”。A选项upset意为“扰乱”;B选项upend意为“使颠倒”;D选项undergo意为“经历”。
8.Thejuryreturneda______verdictofguiltyafterashortdeliberation.[单选题]*
A.magnetic
B.magnificent
C.anonymous
D.unanimous(正确答案)
答案解析:8.D。本句句意为:陪审团经过短时间商讨后一致裁决有罪。在本句中,unanimous意为“全体一致的”。A选项magnetic意为“磁的”;B选项magnificent意为“宏伟的”;C选项anonymous意为“匿名的”。
9.Itmaybemanyyearsbeforethisdreadfuldiseaseis______.[单选题]*
A.acquired
B.approved
C.converted
D.conquered(正确答案)答案解析:9.D。本句句意为:要战胜这种可怕的疾病可能需要许多年。在本句中,conquer意为“战胜”。A选项acquire意为“获得”;B选项approve意为“批准”;C选convert意为“转化”。
10.Problems______iftheparentsapproachtodisciplineisinconsistent.[单选题]*
A.arise(正确答案)
B.arouse
C.prey
D.pray答案解析:10.A。本句句意为:如果父母的管教方式不一致,就会出现问题。在本句中,arise意为“出现”。B选项arouse意为“引起”;C选prey意为“捕食”;D选项pray意为“祈祷”。
11.Theheatinthiscoastaltownistemperedbycoolseabreezes.中划线单词的近义词
为_____。单选题]*
A.elevated
B.relieved(正确答案)
C.aggravated
D.grieved答案解析:11.B。本句句意为:清凉的海风缓和了这座海滨小城的炎热。在本句中,temper意为“缓和,减轻”。A选项elevate意为“提高”;B选项relieve意为“减轻”;C选aggravate意为“使严重”;D选项grieve意为“悲痛”,故B为正确答案。
12.Shecouldn’tdisguisethefactthatshefeltuncomfortable.中划线单词的近义词
为______。[单选题]*
A.betray
B.trumpet
C.cloak(正确答案)
D.seize答案解析:12.C。本句句意为:她无法掩饰她那不安的心情。在本句中,disguise意为“掩饰”。A选项betray意为“背叛”;B选项trumpet意为“吹嘘”;C选cloak意为“掩饰”;D选项seize意为“抓住”,故C为正确答案。
13.Itallowsnicotinetodiffuseslowlyandsteadilyintothebloodstream.中划线单词的
近义词为______。[单选题]*
A.cancel
B.scan
C.disperse(正确答案)
D.diminish答案解析:13.C。本句句意为:它能使尼古丁平稳缓慢地渗透到血液里。在本句中,diffuse意为“使分散”。A选项cancel意为“取消”;B选项scan意为“扫描;细看”;C选disperse意为“分散”;D选项diminish意为“减小”,故C为正确答案。
C.starves;of
D.logs;in答案解析:19.B。本句句意为:一堵高墙将这栋房子与村庄的其他部分隔离开来。在本句中,isolate…from…意为“将……与……隔离开”。A选项squeeze…from…意为“从……中榨出……”;C选starve…of…意为“使……得不到所需要的……”;D选项log…in…意为“让……登录……”。
20.Threepeoplehavebeenarrestedfor______arms______theterrorists.[单选题]*
A.deleting;from
B.discerning;from
C.electing;as
D.supplying;to(正确答案)答案解析:20.D。本句句意为:有三个人因为向恐怖分子提供武器而被捕。在本句中,supply…to…意为“将……供应给……”。A选项delete…from…意为“从……中删去……”;B选项discern…from…意为“从……中识别……”;C选项elect…as…意为“选举……为……”。
二、语法填空题。(每1分,5分)
21.Alotofstudentstakeuplawastheirprofessionduetotheattractionoffinancialrewards.划线部分在句中所作的成分是________。[填空题]*空1答案:状语
22.Moreexplanationswerebeingmadeataratethatthepeoplecouldnolongerignore.划线部分的从句类型是________[填空题]*空1答案:定语从句
23.Manyhistorianshavebeguntofocusontherolesslaveryplayedinthelivesofthefoundinggeneration.划线部分在句中所作的成分是________。[填空题]*空1答案:定语
24.Tofindoutifthisextendstonon-livingbeings,LalehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromroboticrats.划线部分的从句类型是________[填空题]*空1答案:宾语从句
25.Thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedespeciallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcanbeillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedkingdom.该句的主干是________。[填空题]*空1答案:Thetrendwas(naturally)mostobviousandcanbe
illustrated.
三、句子分析及翻译。(每1-2分,共15分)
26.Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreasonforbeing.(1)划线部分的主语是:____________________________________
(2)翻译句子:___________________________________________[填空题]*_________________________________
27.We’rdoingthesethingsbecauseweknow(theyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster).(1)与划线部分并列的是_______________________________(1分)
(2)()中内容的从句类型是___________________________(1分)
(3)翻译句子________________________________________(2分)[填空题]*_________________________________
28.Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulanddiversemotivations,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.(1)句子的主干是____________________________(2分)
(2)翻译句子________________________________(2分)[填空题]*_________________________________
29.Withouttheabilitytothinkcritically,todefendtheirideasandunderstandtheideasofothers,theycannotfullyparticipateinourdemocracy.(1)句子的主干是__________________________(2分)
(2)翻译句子______________________________(2分)[填空题]*_________________________________
四、阅读解题步骤。(每题7分,共35分)
选段1
(Para.1)①Sen.ElizabethWarrenthinksmillionairesandbillionairesaretoorichandhasintroducedlegislationtotaxawaysomeoftheirwealth.②HerUltra-MillionaireTaxActof2021wouldlevya2%annualtaxonnetwealthabove$50millionandanadditional1%above$1billion.③Butthebiggestbeneficiarieswouldbeforeignbillionaires.(Para.2)①AccordingtoestimatesconductedforMs.WarrenbyUniversityofCalifornia-BerkeleyeconomistsEmmanuelSaezandGabrielZucman,onlyabout100,000families,or“lessthan1outof1,000,”wouldpaythetax,whichtheyestimatewouldraise“around$3trillionovertheten-yearbudgetwindow2023-2032,ofwhich$0.4trillionwouldcomefromthebillionaire1%surtax.”(Para.3)①YetTax
Foundationeconomistsdiscoveredasurprisingconsequencewhenwerantheproposalthroughourgeneralequilibriumtaxmodellastyear.②Themodelshowedthatdespitebeingamassivetax,raisingnearly$300billionayear,thetaxhadonlyamodestimpactongrossdomesticproduct.③Howcanthatbe?(Para.4)①ThemodelpredictedthatwealthyU.S.citizenswouldselltheirassetsatfire-salepricestopaythetax.②BecausetheU.S.isanopeneconomy,manyoftheseassetswouldbeboughtbyforeigninvestorsatthediscountedprices.③Thus,whileawealthtaxwouldn’tshrinktheU.S.economymuch,itwouldchangewhoownsU.S.assets.WhatJeffBezos,WarrenBuffettandMarkZuckerbergsell,JackMa,CarlosSlimandthesultanofBruneimightbuy—andthey’dbeexemptfromtheU.S.wealthtax.(Para.5)①Tobesure,Americanmillionairesandbillionaireswouldtrytofindwaystoavoidthetax.②ManyEuropeancountriesabandonedtheirwealthtaxesbecausetheirrichcitizensmovedtocountriesthatdidn’tlevysuchtaxes.③Since1996,thenumberofEuropeannationswithawealthtaxhasdwindledtofourfrom14.(Para.6)①TheWarrenbillwouldattempttodiscouragewealthyAmericanfromdiscardingtheircitizenshipbyimposinga40%exittax.②Whilesomerichfamiliescoulddecidetheycanlivecomfortablyabroadwiththeremaining60%ofa$100billionfortune,othersmaystayhomeandsimplysoldsomeoftheirassetstopaythetax.③Butifforeigninvestorssnapupthoseassetsatfire-saleprices,itstillputsthoseassetsoutofreachoftheU.S.wealthtax.Eitherwaythetaxhasdefeateditspurpose.(Para.7)①ItistheoreticallypossiblethatMs.Warren’swealthtaxcouldreduceinequalityinAmericaonastatisticalbasis.②ButtheremustbeabetterwayofachievingthatgoalthanbyredistributingwealthfromAmericanbillionairestoforeignones.①Sen.ElizabethWarrenhasproposedto______.②Theword“fire-sale”(Para.4)istheclosestinmeaningto______.③WhatmighttherichAmericansdotoavoidthewealthtaxaccordingtoParagraphs5and6?7④Theauthor’sattitudetowardMs.Warren’swealthtaxis______.⑤Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthistext?A.Warren’sWealthTaxEnrichesForeignBillionaires
B.Warren’sWealthTaxRestrictsImmigrationC.AmericaSays“No”toEuropeanMillionairesD.AmericaLeadstheChargeonWealthTax
30.(1)识别题型:判断第⑤题为主旨大意题的依据为______。(1分)
(2)通过题干缩小答案范围:根据前四道题干中的重复表达______可初步将答案范
围缩小到______。(2分)
(3)通过文章确定答案:文章主旨句位于第______段______句。(2分)
(4)匹配答案:通过分析主旨句,最终匹配选项______。(2分)填空题]*_________________________________
选2①Yetagradualrevivalofthesecondhandtradehasgatheredpaceinthelastyear.②AtfashionwebsiteAsos,vintagesaleshaverisen92%.③Busyfamiliessellcast-offitemsoneBay,teenagerstradeonDepopandfashionistasofferdesignerlabelsonVestiaireCollective.④Strikingly,ithasbecomebigenoughbusinessthatmainstreamretailerswantasliceoftheaction.⑤Coshaslaunchedaresaleserviceonitswebsite.⑥Asdaannouncedlastweekthatitwillsellsecondhandclothingin50supermarkets,followingasuccessfulpilotproject.TheCosandAsdaexamplesareusedtoillustrate______.A.anewfashiontrendofwearingdesignerlabelsB.majorbrands’participationinsecondhandtradeC.consumersgrowingneedforonlinepurchasingD.businesses’cautiousnessaboutresellingclothes31.(1)识别题型:判断该题为例证题的依据为______。(1分)
(2)定位论据:根据题干中的关键词定位到论据______句。(2分)
(3)寻找论点:根据论据的位置,找到论点______句。(2分)
(4)匹配选项:通过分析论点句,最终匹配选项______。(2分[填空题]*_________________________________
选段3①Wecannolongerallowemotion-recognitiontechnologiestogounregulated.②Itistimeforlegislativeprotectionfromunprovenusesofthesetoolsinalldomains—education,healthcare,employmentandcriminaljustice.③Thesesafeguardswillrecentrerigorousscienceandrejectthemythologythatinternalstatesarejustanotherdatasetthatcanbescrapedfromourfaces.Theauthor’sattitudetowardstheapplicationofAItoemotionrecognitionis______.A.disappointedB.favorableC.cautiousD.scornful32.(1)识别题型:判断该题为态度题的依据为______。(1分)
(2)排除干扰:选项中,作为不可选态度,首先排除______。(2分)
(3)回文定位:根据题干中的关键词,回文定位到______句。(2分)
(4)匹配选项:通过分析定位句,最终匹配选项______。(2分)[填空题]*_________________________________
选4①ThemodelpredictedthatwealthyU.S.citizenswouldselltheirassetsatfire-salepricestopaythetax.②BecausetheU.S.isanopeneconomy,manyoftheseassetswouldbeboughtbyforeigninvestorsatthediscountedprices.③Thus,whileawealthtaxwouldn’tshrinktheU.S.economymuch,itwouldchangewhoownsU.S.assets.WhatJeffBezos,WarrenBuffettandMarkZuckerbergsell,JackMa,CarlosSlimandthesultanofBruneimightbuy—andthey’dbeexemptfromtheU.S.wealthtax.Theword“fire-sale”istheclosestinmeaningto______.A.lowB.stableC.expensiveD.average33.(1)识别题型:判断此题为词义句意题。
(2)寻找语义关系:原文______提示语义______(一致/相反)(2分),可根据原
文哪些信息判断fire-sale的词意?(3分)
(3)匹配选项:最终匹配选项______。(2分)[填空题]*_________________________________
选5①“Fearticleschangeownersmorefrequentlythanclothes.②Theytraveldownwardsfromgradetogradeinthesocialscalewithremarkableregularity,”wrotethejournalistAdolpheSmithin1877ashetracedagarment’journey:cleaned,repairedandresoldrepeatedly;eventuallycutdownintoasmalleritem;finally,whenitwasbeyondallwearability,thefibresrecycledintonewfabricforthewealthierclasses.AccordingtoAdolpheSmith,garmentsin1877______.A.werepopulargiftsforaveragefamiliesB.reflectedthetensionbetweenrichandpoorC.couldbetransportedandsoldnationwideD.wereoftenrecycledforanothertransaction34.(1)识别题型:由题干判断本题为细节题。
(2)回文定位:该题题干中的关键词为______,根据题干关键词定位到______
句,该关键词与原文______(原词/派生词/同义表达)对应。(3分
(3)匹配选项:通过分析定位句,最终匹配选项______,与该选项含义匹配的关
键信息为______。(4分[填空题]*_________________________________
五、阅读解题能力。(每5分,25分)Throughoutthepandemic,betweenone-thirdandone-halfofAmericanemployeesworkedinperson.Mostoftherestofthemwereforcedtoworkfromhome.Andinfact,almosttwo-thirdsofpeopleinapolllastfallfeltthattheconsofworkingfromhomeoutweighedthepros.Someemployers,however,haverealizedthatseveralofthepandemic’workaroundsarecost-efficient,andareconsideringmakingthempermanent.Inwhatwemightcalla“Zoomforever”move,manycompaniesarecontemplatingradicallydownsizingtraditionalofficespacesandmakingremoteworkpermanentforlargegroupsofemployees.Remoteworkdoeshavesomehappinessbenefits.Forpeople
句,该句指出:在一场我们可以称为“永远Zoom”的运动中,许多公司正在考虑彻底缩小传统办公空间,并让大批员工长期远程办公,C项同义替换②句中makingremoteworkpermanentforlargegroupsofemployees(让大批员工长期远程办公),因此正确项为C。排除干扰:A项利用第二段①句的原词cost-efficient进行干扰,原文该词用来阐述:一些应对疫情的权宜之计具有成本效益,但与“永远Zoom”运动起到的作用无关,可排除;B项重现首段首句原词one-thir,但原文只指出:在疫情期间,三分之一到二分之一的美国雇员面对面工作,并未提到“永远Zoom”运动,可排除;D项利用第二段②句的原词office进行干扰,②句虽然提到许多公司正在考虑彻底缩小传统办公空间,但并未对实体办公室的缺点展开论述,故可排除。
36.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsremotewor
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