2023年考研考博考博英语中国传媒大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案

2023年考研考博考博英语中国传媒大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Thecriminalhadplannedtoescapefromtheprison,buthisattemptprovedtobean（）.问题1选项A.abortionB.accidentC.adventureD.alarm2.单选题

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（）themselves.问题1选项A.expandingB.stretchingC.prolongingD.extending3.单选题Somecityplannersbelievethateachcityis（）:inotherwords,becauseofculturaldifferences,onecitycan'tsimplycopyothers.问题1选项A.separatedB.cutoffC.uniqueD.integrated4.单选题Themoderncameralensmaybecoatedwithmorethanten（）foreachpieceofitsglass.问题1选项A.levelsB.storiesC.layersD.formations5.单选题Thenewcolleague（）tohaveworkedinseveralbigcorporation’sbeforehejoinedourcompany.问题1选项A.confessesB.declaresC.claimsD.confirms6.单选题WhenyoustudyintheUnitedStates,usuallyyouhavetobuyyourownhealth（）.问题1选项A.insuranceB.expenseC.evidenceD.assurance7.单选题Hewasinexperiencedandlackofpreparation,sohisfirstexperimentwas（）tofail.问题1选项A.foreseenB.destinedC.predictedD.considered8.单选题Variousstudieshaveshownthatincreasedspendingoneducationhasnotledtomeasurableimprovementsinlearning.Between1980and2008,staffandteachersatUSpublicschoolsgrewroughlytwiceasfastasstudents.Yetstudentsshowednoadditionallearninginachievementtests.Universitiesshowsimilartrendsofincreasedadministrationpersonnelandcostswithoutgreaterlearning,asdocumentedinRichardArumandJosipaRoksa’srecentbookAcademicallyAdrift:LimitedLearningonCollegeCampuses.Asurveyshowsthat63%ofemployerssaythatrecentcollegegraduatesdon’thavetheskillstheyneedtosucceedand25%ofemployerssaythatentry-levelwritingskillsarelacking.Somesimplisticallyattributethedeclineinourpubliceducationsystemtothedrainofskilledstudentsbyprivateschools,butfarmoresignificanteventswereatwork.Publicschoolsworkedwelluntilaboutthe1970s.Infact,untilthattime,publicschoolsprovidedfarbettereducationthatprivateones.Itwastheunder-performingstudentswhowerethrownoutofpublicschoolsandwenttoprivateones.Aprominentreasonpublicschoolsdidwellwasthatmanyhighlyqualifiedwomenhadfewoptionsforworkingoutsidethehouseotherthanbeingteachersornurses.Theyacceptedrelativelylowpay,difficultworkingconditions,andgavetheirverybest.Havingsuchalargesupplyoftalentedwomenteachersmeantthatsocietycouldpaylessfortheirservices.Women’sliberationopenedupnewprofessionalopportunitiesforwomen,and,overtime,someofthebestleftteachingasacareeroption,bringingaboutagradualdeclineinthequalityofschooling.Alsoaroundthattime,regulationgovernmentandunionscametodictatepay,preventadjustments,andintroducebureaucraticstandardforadvancement.Largeeducationbureaucraciesandunionscametodominatethelandscape,conflisingactivitywithachievement.Bureaucraciesregularlyrewritecurriculum,talknonsenseabouttheoriesofeducation,andrequireevenmoreadministrators.Theendresulthasbeenthat,afterallthespending,studentshaveworsemathandreadingskillsthanboththeirforeignpeersandearliergenerationsspendingfarlessoneducationsalltheaccumulatingevidencenowdocuments.1.WhatdowelearnfromvariousstudiesonAmerica'spubliceducation?2.Howdosomepeopleexplainthedeclineinpubliceducation?3.Whatwasthesignificantcontributortothepastgloryofpublicschools?4.Whydidsomeofthebestwomenteachersleaveteaching?5.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisoneoftheresultofgovernmentinvolvementineducation?问题1选项A.Achievementtestshavefailedtotrulyreflectthequalityofteaching.B.Publicschoolslacktheresourcestocompetewithprivateschools.C.Littleimprovementineducationhasresultedfromincreasedspending.D.Thenumberofstudentshasincreasedmuchfasterthanthatofteachers.问题2选项A.Governmentinvestmentdoesnotmeetschool'sneeds.B.Skilledstudentsaremovingtoprivateschools.C.Qualifiedteachersarefarfromadequatelypaid.D.Trainingofstudents'basicskillsisneglected.问题3选项A.Well-behavedstudentsB.TalentedwomenteachersC.EfficientadministrationD.Generouspayforteachers问题4选项A.Newcareeropportunitiesweremadeavailabletothembywomen’sliberation.B.Higheracademicrequirementsmadeitdifficultforthemtostayintheirjobs.C.Theywereunhappywiththebureaucraticadministrationintheirschools.D.Theheavyteachingloadsleftthemlittletimeandenergyforfamilylife.问题5选项A.Increasingemphasisontheoriesofeducation.B.Highlystandardizedteachingmethods.C.Students'improvedacademicperformance.D.Anever-growingnumberofadministration9.单选题Thereisagreat（）instrengthbetweenthetwoteams.问题1选项A.disparityB.deficiencyC.disparagementD.disrelation10.单选题（）itornot,Manchesterwasthehomeofthemostproductivecottonmillsintheworld.问题1选项A.BelieveB.BelievingC.TobelieveD.Believed11.单选题

Thereisno（）whateverforthemannerinwhichyoubehavedfoolishlyattheEnglishparty.问题1选项A.jurisdictionB.justificationC.judgmentD.junction12.翻译题WehavenoideaifonlineadsworkInthesummerof2003,ViacomexecutiveMelKarmazinmanagedtosumupoldmedia’shorroroftheInternetwithoneofbusinesslore’sgreatestvulgaron-liners.Karmazin,aswaggeringformeradsalesmanandonetimeCBSCorporationpresident,hadmadeanexpeditiontocheckoutSiliconValley'shottestyoungupstart:Google.Sittinginthefuturesearchgiant’soffices,helistenedindismayasitsfounders,LarryPageandSergeyBrin,anditsCEO,EricSchmidt,detailedthemanywaystheircompanycouldtrackandanalyzetheeffectivenessofonlineadvertising.Thiscouldnotpossiblybegoodforbusiness,Karmazinthought,1.Ithadalwaysbeennearlyimpossibleformarketerstotellwhichoftheiradsworkedandwhichdidn’tandthelesstheyknew,themoreanetworklikeCBScouldchargefora30-secondspot.Artwasfarmoreprofitablethanscience.Adecadelater,someonefinallyseemstobe,well,messingwithGoogle'sownbagoftricks.Lastyear,agroupofeconomistsworkingwitheBay’sinternalresearchlabissuedamassiveexperimentalstudywithasimplestartlingconclusion:Foralarge,well-knownbrand,searchadsareprobablyworthless.2.Thismonth,theirfindingswerere-releasedasaworkingpaperbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchandgreetedwitharoundofcoverageaskingwhetherInternetadvertisingofanykindworksatall.“Weknowalotlessthantheadvertisingindustrywouldlikeustothinkweknow,"StevenTadelis,oneoftheeBaystudy’sco-authors,toldme.AskGoogle.FacebookorTwitter,ofcourse,andthey’llreliablybustoutthird-partyresearchexplainingthattheiradsworkjustfine,evenifconsumersdon’talwaysclickonthem.Anentireecosystemofanalyticscompanies,includingbignameslikeComScoreandNielsen,hasevolvedtotellclientswhichonlineadvertisementsgivethemthebiggestbangfortheirbucks,Especiallycutting-edgefirms,suchasDialogic.Haveevenfoundwaystodrawcorrelationsbetweentheadsconsumersseeonlineandwhattheybuyinstores.Weareswimmingindata.3.AndthereareplentyofprofessionalsouttherehappytotellcorporateAmericawhatallthatdatameans,withthehelpofsomefancymathematicalmodels.Theproblem,accordingtoTadelisandothers,isthatmuchofthedatawebsitesgenerateismoreorlessuseless.Someoftheproblemsarepracticallyasoleasmarkingitself.Forinstance,companiesliketorunlargeadcampaignsduringmajorshoppingseasons,likeChristmas.ButifsalesdoublecomeDecember,it’shardtosaywhethertheadortheholidaywasresponsible.Companiesalsounderstandablyliketotargetaudiencestheythinkwilllikewhatthey’reselling.Butthatalwaysleadstothenaggingquestionofwhetherthecustomerwouldhavegoneandpurchasedtheproductregardless.Economistscallthisissue“endogeneity.”DerekThompsonattheAtlanticdubsittheI-was-gonna-buy-it-anywayproblem.”ButtheInternetalsogunksupattemptsatanalysisinitsownspecialways.Forinstance,ifsomebodysearchesfor“Amazon,bananaslicer,”andclicksonasearchadthatpopsuprightnexttohisresults,chancesarehewouldhavemadeittoAmazon’ssitewithouttheextranudge.EvenifhenevertypedthewordAinzaon,hestillmighthavegottentothesitethroughthenaturalpowerofsearch.4.Intheend,itallcomesdowntotheevergreenchallengeofdistinguishingcorrelation(e.gaFaccebookusersawanadandthenboughtsomeshoes)fromcausation(e.g.,aFacebookuserboughtsomeshoesbecausehesawanad).Thereis,however,awaytogetaroundthesehurdles.Runanalyticscompaniesdon’tdothat,relyinginsteadonelaboratestatisticalregressionsthattrytoflaweddata.Butit’stherouteTapeless—nowabusinessprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley—andhiscollaboratorstookwitheBay.5.Intheirfirsttest,theresearcherslookedatwhatwouldhappenifthecompanystoppedbuyingadsnexttoitsownname,whichseemedlikethemostobviouswasteofmoney.Todoso,theypulledtheadsfromYahooandMSNbutleftthemrunningonGoogle.Itturnedout,theadvertisingmadevirtuallynodifference.YeteBaywasspendingdollarseverytimeacustomerclickedanadinsteadofthelinksittingrightbelowit.13.单选题

Herfamilytakes（）overherwork.问题1选项A.percentageB.priorityC.perspectD.preparation14.单选题WhentheAmericanpsychologistWayneOatesdiedin1999,theNewYorkTimesbeganhisobituarybynotingtwofacts.First,themanhadauthoredanastonishing57books.Second—andpresumablynotcoincidentally—hehadcoinedthewordworkaholic.Oatesinventedthenew-ubiquitoustermina1968essay,inwhichheconfessedthathisownadditiontoindustriousnesshadbeenadisordersimilartosubstanceabuse.Ofcourse,heacknowledged,workaholismismuchmorerespectablethandrinkingafifthaday—morethesortofpersonalitytraitthatmighthelpsomeone,say,earnanobitinthepaperrecord.Whatprecisely,qualifiessomeoneasaworkaholic?There’sstillnosingleacceptedmedicaldefinition.Butpsychologistshavetriedtodistinguishpeoplemerelydevotedtotheircareersfromthetrueaddicts.Aseminal1992paperonhowtomeasuretheconditionarguedthatsufferersworknotonlycompulsivelybutalsowithlittleenjoyments.Newerdiagnostictestsattempttosingleoutthosewho,amongotherbehaviors,bingeandthensufferfromwithdrawal—justassomeonewouldwith,say,agamblingorcocainehabit.Evenasthepreciseoutlinesofworkaholismremainabitfuzzy,variousstudieshavetriedtoidentifyitsphysicalandemotionaleffects.AttheriskofcarryingonlikeaPfizerad:researchhasassociateditwithsleepproblems,weightgain,highbloodpressure,anxiety,anddepression.Thatistosaynothingofitstollonfamilymembers.Perhapsunsurprisingly,spousesofworkaholicstendtoreportunhappinesswiththeirmarriages.Havingaworkaholicparentishardlybetter.Astudyofcollegeundergraduatesfoundthatchildrenofworkaholicsscored72percenthigheronmeasuresofdepressionthanchildrenofalcoholics.Theyalsoexhibitedmore-severelevelsof“prettification"—atermfamilytherapistsuseforsonsanddaughterswho,asthepaperputit,’’areparentstotheirownparentsandsacrificetheirownneeds...toaccommodateandcarefortheemotionalneedsandpursuitsofparentsoranotherfamilymember."Howmanypeoplearetrueworkaholics?Onerecentestimatesuggeststhatabout10percentofU.S.adultsmightqualify;theproportionisashighas23percentamonglawyers,doctors,andpsychologists.Stillmorepeoplemaybeinclinedtocallthemselvesworkaholics,whetherornottheyactuallyare:in1998,27percentofCanadianstoldthecountry'sSocialSurveythattheywereworkaholics,including38percentofthosewithincomesover$80,000,(Evenamongthosewithnoincome,22percentcalledthemselvesworkaholics!Presumablysomewerebusyhomemakersandstudents.)Theconditionmaywellhaveacertainsocialcachet;asthepsychologistBryanRobinsononcepartinworkadditionmightbe“thebest-dressedmentalhealthproblem”ofthemall.Inoneoftherareeconomicsstudiesonthesubject,researchersfoundthattheeducatedandaffluentweremuchmorelikelythanlower-incomeAmericanstoputoffretirement,apossiblesignofworkaholisminaddition.Suchdelayedretirementcertainlygivesnewmeaningtothephrase“worktodeath”.Forwhatitisworth,theconceptwouldnotraisemanyeyebrowsinJapan,wheregruelingjobhourshavelongbeenanorm,andthereisawordfordeathbyoverwork-karoshi.Thecountry’scourtshaveevenrecognizeditasabasisforwrongful-deathsuits.1.AllofthefollowingstatementsaboutWayneOatesaretrueEXCEPTthat（）.2.Whatisthedefinitionofworkaholicsgivenbytheseminal1992paper?3.WhichofthefollowingresultisNOTrelatedtoworkaholism?4.Whatcanbeimpliedfrom"whetherornottheyactuallyare'’inthefourthparagraph?5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?问题1选项A.hethoughtworkaholismwasnotsociallyrespectableB.hehadwritten57booksC.hebroughtthetermworkaholictotheworldD.headmittedhisownadditiontowork问题2选项A.thosewhoworkwillinglyandhappilyB.thosewhoworkhardandhappilyC.thosewhoworkunwillinglyandunhappilyD.thosewhoworkhardandunhappily问题3选项A.SleepdisorderB.WeightlossC.DepressionandanxietyD.Unhappymarriages问题4选项A.Nobodyishardworkingatall.B.Somepeoplearenotashardworkingasothersthink.C.Allthepeoplearenotashardworkingasothersthink.D.Somepeopleprefertoberegardedashardworking.问题5选项A.Thereasonswhypeoplebecomeworkaholics.B.Thedefinitionandharmofworkaholism.C.Thecountriesthathavethemostworkaholics.D.Themethodsofnotbeingaworkaholic.15.单选题Thenaughtyboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthisparents（）.问题1选项A.commandB.convictionC.consentD.compromise16.单选题Sinceyouareastudent,youmust（）bytheschooldiscipline.问题1选项A.conformB.standC.abideD.sustain17.单选题The（）spreadsoquicklythatnobodyinthatareasurvivedit.问题1选项A.plagueB.diseaseC.vaccineD.measles18.单选题Severalloudspeakersare（）fromtheceilingandwecanhearthespeakerveryclearly.问题1选项A.connectedB.sustainedC.associatedD.suspended19.单选题CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO."Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?2.“Harringtonmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?问题1选项A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.问题2选项A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutiveB.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusinessC.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskillsD.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness问题3选项A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.问题4选项A.Itisfastgrowing.B.Itisdiversified.C.Itsclientsarealllocal.D.Itismoreefficient.问题5选项A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.D.Opportunitiesandspeed.20.单选题Youarethe（）personIwanttosee.Whydidyoucometoseeme?问题1选项A.veryB.fineC.lastD.suitable第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。abortion"流产，计划（失败）”;accident“事故，意外”;adventure“冒险”；alarm“警报”。前面提到罪犯试图越狱，后面转折词but表明他没有成功，因此选项A符合题意。句意：这个罪犯试图越狱，但是他的计划没有成功。2.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。expand“扩大，扩展”；stretch“延伸”；prolong“延长，拖延”；extend“延伸，扩大”。stretchoneself为固定用法，意为“伸懒腰；伸展身体”。句意：完成了上午的工作后，职员们站到自己办公桌的后面伸展身体。选项B符合语境。3.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。separated“分开的”；cutoff“切断，中断”；unique“独特的，独一无二的”；integrated“综合的，完整的”。根据冒号后面的内容：由于文化差异，一个城市不能简单地复制其他城市。由此可知，一些城市规划者认为每个城市都是独一无二的。所以选项C正确。4.【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项level“水平”。B选项story“故事，小说”。C选项layer“层，膜”。D选项formation“形成，构成”。句意：目前相机镜头的每片玻璃可以涂上十层以上的涂层。因此C选项符合题意。5.【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项confess表示“坦白；承认；供认”，B选项declare表示“宣布，申明，宣称”，D选项confirm表示“确认，确定，核实”，C选项claim表示“宣称，要求，索赔”。由句意可知，新同事宣称，他进入我们公司之前，在一些大公司里工作过。空缺处单词需与介词to构成搭配，因此本题正确答案为C选项。6.【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项insurance“保险，保险费”。B选项expense“损失，代价”。C选项evidence“证据，证明”。D选项assurance“保证，担保”。句意：当你在美国学习时，通常你必须自己购买健康保险。因此A选项符合题意。7.【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项foreseen表示“预知；预见”，B选项destined表示“注定的，命定的”，C选项predicted表示“预测；预示”，D选项considered表示“考虑，深思熟虑”。由句意可知，他缺乏经验并且准备工作也不充分，所以他的初次实验注定会失败，固定搭配bedestinedto表示“一定会，肯定会”。因此本题正确答案为B选项。8.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题目问的是“我们能够从各种关于美国公共教育的研究中学到什么？”文中第一段最后一句话提到学生并未在能力考试中展现出学识有所增长（Yetstudentsshowednoadditionallearninginachievementtests）,这是为了说明“教育没有得到改善”，由此可看出能力测试一定程度上反映了教学质量，因此选项A的表述是错误的，排除；第四段提到了公立学校和私立学校之争，但未明确指出公立学校是因为资源短缺而流失优等生，因此选项B表述不正确，排除；第一段第二句提到美国公立学校教职工数量的增长速度约是学生的两倍(staffandteachers...grow…twiceasfastasstudents),因此选项D表述错误，排除。综上，选项C符合题意。第2题:2.细节事实题。题目问的是“一些人是如何解释公共教育的衰退的？”文章第四段提到一些人简单地将公共教育体系的衰退归因于私立学校将高素质的学生招走（Somesimplisticallyattributethedeclineinourpubliceducationsystemtothedrainofskilledstudentsbyprivateschools,butfarmoresignificanteventswereatwork），由此可知选项B符合题意。第3题:3.细节事实题。题目问的是“公立学校过去辉煌的原因是什么？”文章第六段提到公立学校表现出色的一个突出原因是许多高素质的女性除了当老师或护士之外，几乎没有其他工作，她们接受了相对较低的工资和艰苦的工作条件，并尽了最大的努力（Aprominentreasonpublicschoolsdidwellwasthatmanyhighlyqualifiedwomenhadfewoptionsforworkingoutsidethehouseotherthanbeingteachersornurses.Theyacceptedrelativelylowpay,difficultworkingconditions,andgavetheirverybest）。由此可知选项B符合题意。第4题:4.细节事实题。题目问的是“为什么一些最优秀的女教师会离开教学岗位？”文章倒数第二段提到妇女解放为妇女开辟了新的职业机会，随着时间的推移，一些最好的女教师离开了这个职业，导致教育质量下降（Women’sliberationopenedupnewprofessionalopportunitiesforwomen,and,overtime,someofthebestleftteachingasacareeroption,bringingaboutagradualdeclineinthequalityofschooling），因此可知选项A符合题意。第5题:5.观点态度题。题目问的是“作者认为政府参与教育的结果之一是什么？”文章最后一段第一、二句提到政府和工会开始制定规章制度，规定工资，防止调整，并引入晋升的官僚标准（Alsoaroundthattime,regulationgovernmentandunionscametodictatepay,preventadjustments,andintroducebureaucraticstandardforadvancement），以及后面的Largeeducationbureaucraciesandunionscametodominatethelandscape,conflisingactivitywithachievement.Bureaucraciesregularlyrewritecurriculum,talknonsenseabouttheoriesofeducation,andrequireevenmoreadministrators，可以看出政府采取的一系列措施，使得学校的管理人员在不断增加，因此选项D符合题意。

9.【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项disparity“不同；不一致”；B选项deficiency“缺陷，缺点”；C选项disparagement“轻蔑；轻视”；D选项disrelation“不相干；没有相应的联系”。句意：两队力量悬殊。四个选项中，只有A项符合句意。10.【答案】A【解析】考查动词用法。believeitornot其实是口语里常用的句子，是个省略的句子，完整表达为(Whetheryou)believeitornot。A选项正确。11.【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项jurisdiction“司法权，审判权，管辖权；权限”；B选项justification“理由；辩护；认为有理”；C选项judgment“判断；裁判；判决书”；D选项junction“连接；交叉点；接合点”。句意：你在英语晚会上的愚蠢行为根本就没有……。此处表示“愚蠢行为”是无理的，B选项符合句意要求。12.【答案】1.营销人员通常几乎不可能告诉他们哪些广告有效，哪些没有。而且他们知道得越少，像CBS这样的网络可能会在30秒内索要越多的费用。2.本月，研究调查结果由国家经济研究局作为工作文件而重新发布，并引发了一轮关于互联网广告是否有效的讨论。3.有很多专业人士乐于借助一些奇特的数学模型，告诉美国企业所有数据的含义。4.最后，这一切都归结于一个长久的挑战：区分相关性（比如，一个脸书用户看了一个广告，然后买了双鞋）与因果关系（比如，一个脸书用户买了一双鞋，是因为看到了一个广告）。5.在第一次测试中，研究人员研究了如果该公司停止以自己的名义购买广告将会发生什么，这似乎明显浪费了钱。13.【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项percentage“百分比；百分率”；B选项priority“优先；优先权”；C选项perspect“专辑名称”；D选项preparation“预备；准备。句意：对她来说，家庭比工作重要。因此B项符合句意，takepriorityoversth.优先考虑，优先于某事。14.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪个选项对WayneOates的描述不对？”文章第一段提到他写了57本书（First,themanhadauthoredanastonishing57books），因此选项B的描述是正确的，排除；第一段提到他创造了workaholic这个词(hehadcoinedthewordworkaholic),因此选项C的描述是正确的，排除；第一段提到他承认自己沉迷于工作（heconfessedthathisownadditiontoindustriousness），因此选项D的描述是正确的，排除。综上，选项A符合题意。第2题:2.细节事实题。题目问的是“1992年的那篇论文对工作狂的定义是什么？”文章第二段提到1992年的研究认为工作狂是那些不仅强迫自己工作并且不享受工作的人（Aseminal1992paperonhowtomeasuretheconditionarguedthatsufferersworknotonlycompulsivelybutalsowithlittleenjoyments），因此选项C符合题意。第3题:3.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项不是工作狂导致的结果？”文章第三段第二句话提到与工作狂相关的问题有睡眠问题、体重增加、高血压、焦虑和抑郁（AttheriskofcarryingonlikeaPfizerad:researchhasassociateditwithsleepproblems,weightgain,highbloodpressure,anxiety,anddepression），因此选项B符合题意。第4题:4.推理判断题。题目问的是“第四段中的‘他们是否是真的（是工作狂）’暗示了什么？”文章第四段提到有更多人倾向于称他们自己是工作狂，不论他们是不是（Stillmorepeoplemaybeinclinedtocallthemselvesworkaholics,whetherornottheyactuallyare），即无论他们是不是真正的工作狂，都希望被别人看到热衷于工作，因此选项D符合题意。第5题:5.主旨大意题。题目问的是“文章的主旨是什么？”文章主要讲述了工作狂这个词的由来，它的定义，以及它所带来的不良后果，因此选项B符合题意。

15.【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项command“命令;指令;”；B选项conviction“信念;肯定”；C选项consent“同意;允许”；D选项compromise“妥协;折中”。句意：那个调皮的男孩偷溜出了房间，在未经父母允许的情况下，前往游泳池。根据关键词“那个调皮的男孩偷溜出了房间”可知C符合句意。16.【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。conform“符合，遵守”，一般和介词to或with搭配；stand“站立”，后接介词by意为“袖手旁观”；abide“容忍，遵守”，后接介词by意为“遵守，信守，承担……的后果”；sustain“维持，支撑”，是及物动词。句中所表达的意思是学生要遵守学校的纪律，所以选项C正确。17.【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。plague“瘟疫”；disease“疾病”；vaccine“疫苗”；measles“麻疹”。句意：传播得如此之快，以至于那个地区没有人能幸免于难。选项A更符合语境。18.【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项connect“有联系的”。B选项sustain“持续的”。C选项associate“联合的”。D选项suspend“悬浮的，暂停”。句意：天花板上有几个扩音器，我们可以很清楚地听到说话者的声音。扩音器是悬挂在天花板上的，因此D选项符合题意。19.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A【解析】第1题:1.判断推理题。根据第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.这次经历使她看到了商机”，也就是说，在哈林顿的早期职业生涯中最重要的是这次经历。再根据上一段的内容可知，这次经历是在她被任命为麦当劳的面包委员会委员后，公司派专机接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以选项A符合原文。本题容易错选B，但被任命后如果没有那些经历，也不能对她的职业产生影响，所以重要的还是“experience”。第2题:2.判断推理题。根据原文句意“哈林顿学习了怎样经营面包店，并且确保自己从来没有离开过管理层的视线”，由此可知，她这样做是为了保持她的管理知识和技能，所以选项C正确。选项A“她自己想成为一名公司主管”不正确，因为她是想自己经营一家公司而不是成为主管；选项B“打算雇佣管理人员来经营企业”不正确，这时候她自己还没有开公司，所以谈不上雇佣；选项D“专注于面包房业务的管理”也不正确，因为上一段提到她没有经营面包店的经验，所以她学习的是如何经营面包店，而不是业务管理。只有选项C符合原文。第3题:3.细节事实题。根据第七段的最后一句话“那笔交易救了我们”，这里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“达成协议为Pepperide农场供应面包”。所以选项B“向另一家公司供应面包”正确。第4题:4.细节事实题。根据第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11个人每小时要为来自40个州、南美洲和加勒比海地区的客户制作6万个面包。”由此可知，她的客户不仅仅是当地的，所以选项C不正确。第5题:5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容“‘这不仅仅是一份工作，’哈林顿说。‘这是一个任务。我总是思考。我们怎样才能更好地为员工服务？如果我们支持他们，他们就会尽力照顾我们的客户。这就是这里的运作方式。’”由此可知，关心员工是哈林顿成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，还有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己坚持不懈的精神是她事业成功的另一个根本原因。所以选项A正确。

20.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项very“恰好的；十足的；唯独的；真正的”；B选项fine“好的；健康的；晴朗的”；C选项last“最后的；最终的；最不可能的”；D选项suitable“适当的；相配的”。句意：你就是我……要见的人。你为什么来看我？由后面的问句可看出说话者并不想见此人，四个选项中只有last表示“最不……的”之意，因此C选项正确。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Youmayput（）onthewheeltomakeitturnmoreeasily.问题1选项A.fatB.greaseC.oilD.cream2.单选题Thejudge（）themurderertotwentyyearsinprison.问题1选项A.requiredB.determinedC.indicatedD.sentenced3.单选题Adynamiceconomyisfoundedonthe（）ofentrepreneurs,whichisrewardedbyprofit.问题1选项A.perspirationB.desperationC.respirationD.aspiration4.翻译题AnothermilestoneonthejourneytowardsdigitalcashwaspassedonNovember13th.Thatdatemarkedtheemergencefrombeta-testinginAmericaofV.me,a“digitalwallet”thatholdsmultiplepaymentcards,inavirtualrepository(容器).1.Insteadofprovidingtheirpersonaldetailandcardnumberstopayforstuffonline,customersjustenterausernameandapassword.TheserviceisprovidedbyVisa,agiantcard-paymentnetworkwhoseheadquartersisintheheartofSiliconValley,closetoahostoftechnologyfirmswhichwouldlovetogettheirhandsonachunkoftheglobalpaymentsbusiness.TheshorttermnewtechnologyisactuallyboostingusageofplasticSmartphoneappsoftenrequireuserstoentertheircarddetailstopayforservices.FirmssuchasSquareandPayPalhavedevelopedtinycardreadersthatplugintosmartphonesandallowsmalltradersusingtheirfewertoacceptpaymentscheaply.EdMcLaugh