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厦门市2022-2023学年第二学期高一年级质量检测英语试题本试卷分五部分,共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。本试题附有答题卡。注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Pencils. B.Anice-cream. C.Ashirt.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Havelunchwiththeman. B.SendanemailtoJohn.C.Checkthereport.3.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hegotwetintherain. B.Helosthisumbrella. C.Hemissedthebus.4.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atagasstation. B.Ontheroad. C.Atarepairshop.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Pictures. B.Acamera. C.Holidaydestinations.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Wherewillthemangethisluggage?A.InShanghai. B.InNewYork. C.InSeattle.7.Whichgateshouldthemangoto?A.Gate15. B.Gate20. C.Gate26.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Strangers. C.Schoolmates.9.Whenwillthemangotothewoman’s?A.ThisSaturdayafternoon. B.ThisSundayafternoon.C.NextSundayevening.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Practicedancing. B.Gotoaparty. C.Prepareforanexam.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidthewoman’sfatherdoforher?A.Heboughtherapiano. B.Hetoldherhistorystories.C.Hegothersomedocumentaries.12.Whatdidthewoman’sgrandpabuyforher?A.Pianolessons. B.Historybooks. C.Educationalbooks. 13.Whatchangedthewoman’smother’smind?A.Astory. B.Abook. C.Adiary.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.HowmanypointsdidJaymesscore?A.10points. B.35points. C.45points.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoinginthefreetime?A.Watchingbasketballgames. B.Exploringgoodplaces.C.Practicingbasketball.16.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Intheman’shouse. B.Bythelake. C.Atthepark.17.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnThursday. B.OnFriday. C.OnSaturday.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.WhatdidthespeakerdoafterhertriptoScotland?A.Shevisitedapark. B.Shetouredacastle. C.Shejoinedagroup.19.Howdoesthehotelprotecttheenvironment?A.Itoffersreusableproducts. B.Itprovidescheapequipment.C.Itsuggestsshoweringforlesstime.20.Whatwasfreeinthefestival?A.Takingtaxis. B.Ridingbuses. C.Rentingbikes.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJoinSandraOddoasshesharesavarietyoftipsandskillsformakingwineathomeusingelderflowersandelderberries.ItemsElderflowerWineRecipe(食谱)ElderberryWineRecipeIngredients●Elderflowers(atleastonequart);●1gallonofboilingwaterperquartofflowers;●2to2-1/2poundsofsugarpergallonofliquid;●2lemonspergallon,juiced;●1packetofdrywineyeast(酵母)per5gallonsofliquid.●Elderberries(atleast2gallons);●1gallonofboilingwaterper2gallonsofberries;●3-1/2to4poundsofsugarpergallonofboiled-downliquid;●1packetofdrywineyeastper5gallonsofliquid.Instructions●Cutaquartofflowersfromthestems;●Pouragallonofboilingwaterovertheflowers;●Lettheteasoakthreeorfourdayswiththeflowerspresseddownundertheliquid(theyturnbrownandruinthecolorofthedrinkifthey’releftintheair);●Strainoffthefluidandheatsomeofittodissolve2to2-1/2poundsofsugarpergallon;●Addthejuiceof2lemonspergallonalongwithyeast;●Letthemixtureworkinacontainerwithanairlock.●Picknicefatberriesabouttwodaysahead,removethemfromthestemsandsmashupthefruit:●Pourboilingwateroverthemixture,soakingforaboutaweek;●Keepthecontainercoveredwithatoweltoprotecttheworking“must”fromdustandtheoddyeastfloatingaroundintheair;●Strainoffandsavethejuiceandmix3-1/2to4poundsofsugarintoeachgallonoftheliquid.21.WhatisadifferentingredientwhenwearemakingElderflowerWineandElderberryWine?A.Water. B.Lemon. C.Sugar. D.Yeast.22.WhatisimportanttothenicecoloroftheElderflowerWine?A.Cuttingflowersfromthestems. B.Pouringboilingwateroverflowers.C.Pressingflowersdownundertheliquid. D.Addinganamountofsugartotheliquid.23.Whatisthetext?A.Arecipe. B.Asciencereport. C.Awinelist. D.Aflowerad.BRobertSansone,thewinnerofthe2022GeorgeD.YancopoulosInnovatorAward,isanaturalbornengineer.Fromrobotichandstohigh-speedrunningboots,Sansonehasworkedonatleastsixtyengineeringprojectstodateinhissparetime.Andhe’sonly17yearsold.Acoupleyearsago,Sansonecameacrossavideoabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofelectriccars.Itexplainsthatmostelectriccarenginesuserare-earthelements,whicharecostly,bothfinanciallyandenvironmentally.Infact,1kgoftherare-earthmaterialsinquestioncancostuptoseveralhundreddollars.Withthatsustainabilityissue,hewantedtosolveit,sohetriedanddesignedadifferentmotor(发动机).Hisnewmotor,ontheotherhand,usescopper,whichcostsaround$8for1kg.Thehighschoolerhadheardofatypeofelectricmotor—theSynchronousReluctanceMotor(SRM同步磁阻电动机)—thatdoesn’tusetheserare-earthmaterials.Thiskindofmotoriscurrentlyusedforpumpsandfans,butitisn’tpowerfulenoughbyitselftobeusedinanelectricvehicle.So,Sansonestartedbrainstormingwayshecouldimproveitsperformance.ForoverayearSansoneworkedonthemotor.Itneededtobemoreefficientandhavemorerotational(旋转)force.Thenewmotorwasmadefrom3-Dprintedplastic,copperwiresandasteelrotorandtestedusingavarietyofmeterstomeasurepower.Sansoneisnowworkingonversion16ofhismotor,whichheplanstobuildoutofstrongermaterialssohecantestitathigherrevolutionsperminute.Asarisingsenior,SansonehasdreamedofattendingMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).Hiswinningsfromcompetitionswillgotowardcollegetuition.Ifhismotorcontinuestoperformwithhighspeedandefficiency,hesayshe’llmoveforwardandcooperatewithcarcompanies.Hehopesthatonedayhismotorwillbethedesignofchoiceforelectricvehicles.24.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph2?A.Toexplaintheuseofelectriccarengines. B.Tostressthecostoftherare-earthmaterials.C.Tointroduceavideoofpreviouselectriccars. D.ToshowSansone’sinspirationforhisnewmotor.25.WhichaspectdoesSansonemainlywanttoimproveinSRM?A.Itscost. B.Itssize. C.Itspower. D.Itsweight.26.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?AHeisstudyingintheMIT. B.Heaimshighforhismotor.C.Hehasstartedamotorcompany. DHewillenteranewcompetition.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRobertSansone?A.Giftedanddetermined. B.Caringandoutgoing.CHumorousandenergetic. DGenerousandhard-working.CHistoriansareoftenaskedtoexaminetheactionsofourancestorssowecanrepeattheirwisdomandavoidtheirmistakes.Butthepresentisjusttoodifferentfromthepast.ItisawasteoftimetostudyHannibal’sstrategiesintheSecondPunicWarsoastocopythemintheThirdWorldWar.Whatworkedwellincavalrybattleswillnotnecessarilybebeneficialincyberwar.Studyinghistoryaimstoloosen(松开)theholdofthepast.Ayoungcouplebuildinganewhomemayaskthearchitectforanicelawn(草坪)inthefrontyard.Whyalawn?“Becauselawnsarebeautiful,”thecouplemightexplain.Butwhydotheythinkso?TheideaofgrowingalawnattheentrancetoprivatehousesandpublicbuildingswasborninthecastlesofFrenchandEnglisharistocratsinthelateMiddleAges.Well-keptlawnsdemandedlandandalotofwork.Inexchange,theyproducednothingofvalue.Theneatgrassattheentrancetocastleswasasocialpositionsymbolnobodycouldpretendtohave.Laterthenewparliaments(议会),supremecourts,presidentialresidencesincreasinglyshowedtheirpowerinrowuponrowofneatgreengrass.Humanscametoidentifylawnswithpoliticalpower,socialpositionandeconomicwealth.Whenyounowcometoplanyourdreamhouse,youmightthinktwiceabouthavingalawninthefrontyard.Youareofcoursestillfreetodoit.Butyouarealsofreetoshakeofftheculturalcargogiventoyoubytheupperclass.Thisisthebestreasontolearnhistory:notinordertoguessthefuture,buttofreeyourselfofthepastandimaginedifferentlives.Ofcoursethisisnottotalfreedom—wecannotavoidbeingshapedbythepast.Butsomefreedomisbetterthannone.28.WhydoestheauthormentionHannibalandcavalrybattlesinparagraph1?A.Toillustratewhyfuturecyberwarisdifficult.BTohighlighthowimportanthistoricalwarfareis.C.Toshowthatpastexperiencemaynotsuitthepresent.D.Toexplainwhatstrategieshistoricalfiguresdeveloped.29.Whatdoestheauthorbelieveistherealreasonforgrowingalawn?A.Itsconnectionwithpowerandwealth. B.Itshighmaintenancerequirements.C.ItsoriginfromEuropeancastles. D.Itsoutstandingnaturalbeauty.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“culturalcargo”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Culturalmistakes. B.Culturalstandards.C.Historicalbuildings. D.Historicalknowledge.31.Accordingtotheauthor,studyinghistoryisto__________.A.guesseventsinthefuture B.repeatwisedecisionsC.understandculturalchanges D.reducethecontrolfromthepastDThefirsthibernation(冬眠)studieswithhumansubjectscouldbeworkablewithinadecade,aEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)researcherthinks.Suchexperimentswouldmakeitpossibleforascience-fiction-likeapproachtolong-timespacemissionsthatwouldseeastronautsplacedintoprotectivesleepforweeksormonthsontheirwaytofarawaydestinations.Experimentshaveshownthatit’spossibletocausehibernationinotherwisenon-hibernatinganimals,suchasrats,andbringthemsafelybacktolifeafewdayslater.“Theratsreceiveadrug,aneurotransmittersubstance(神经递质),andarebroughtintoadarkspacewithreducedtemperature,”JurgenBereiter-Hahn,amemberofESA’shibernationresearchgroupsaid.“Itworksverynicely,buttheproblemisthatyouhavetoapplythedrugrepeatedlytomaintainthestate,whichcouldhavedamagingeffectsoverthelongerterm.”Thehibernatingastronautwouldnotonlysavetheagencycostforwater,foodandoxygen.Astronautswould,mostlikely,wakeupratherfit,withoutsufferingmanyofthenegativesideeffectsoflong-termbedrestorlivinginmicrogravity.Infact,studiesshowthatthesloweddowncellsofahibernatingbodydon’tgetdamagedbyradiation(辐射).Besides,researchinanimalssuggeststhatbodiesofhibernatingastronautsmightlosemuchlessboneandmusclemassthanthebodiesofthoseawakeinmicrogravity.Uponarrival,thesehibernatorswouldthusbefitandreadytostartchallengingexplorationalmoststraightawayafterregainingawareness.Theseprotectivequalitiesmakehibernationapossibilitynotjustforspaceflight,butalsoformedicine.Justlikeastronautsinmicrogravity,patientsinlong-termbedrestwasteawayquickly.Slowinglifeprocessestoaminimumwouldprovidewhatscientistscalla“bridge”,aperiodoftimethatwouldallowphysicianstolookforsolutionswithoutracingagainsttheclock.Althoughmostcurrenthibernationresearchisfundedbyspaceagencies,scientiststhinkthatthefirsthumantobeputintothisstateofhibernationwillmostlikelybeanICUpatient.Oncethefirsthumansurvivesandbenefitsfromhibernation,thingswilllikelystartmovingforwardmuchfaster.32.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatdothehibernationstudiesmainlyaimtodo?A.Improvesleepqualityinspace. B.Investigatehibernationmystery.C.Promotemannedspaceexploration. D.Enrichsciencefictionwritingmethods.33.Whatisachallengeinthehibernationexperiments?A.Ensuringproperlighting. B.Bringinganimalsbacktolife.C.Maintaininglowtemperature. D.Controllingpossiblesideeffects.34.Whatadvantagemighthibernationbringtoastronauts?A.Itmighthelptokeepphysicalfitness. B.Itmightincreaselong-termbedrest.C.Itmightdecreaseradiationcontact. D.Itmightraisementalawareness.35.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theroleofphysiciansinmonitoringhibernatingpatients.B.Thepossibleapplicationofhibernationbeyondspaceflight.C.Theimportanceforincreasingfundsforhibernationresearch.D.Theneedofhumanexperimentsinadvancinghibernationstudies.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wewelcomedadaughterintotheworldyesterday.Oneday,when.sheneedsfinancialadvice,here’swhatI’lltellher.Itiseasytoassumethatwealthandpoverty(贫困)arecausedbythechoiceswemake,butchanceplaysabiggerrolethanmostpeoplewanttoadmit.36Butrealizenotallsuccessisduetohardwork,andnotallpovertyisduetolaziness.Keepthisinmindwhenjudgingpeople,includingyourself.Everythinghasaprice.Thepriceofabusyjobistimeawayfromfriendsandfamily.Thepriceofspoiling(宠溺)kidsistheirshelteredlife.Mostofthosepricesarehidden.37Acceptingthis,you’llviewthingsliketimeandrelationshipsasvaluableascash.Ibelievethehighestbenefitofmoneyistheabilitytocontrolyourtime.Beingabletodowhatyouwant,whenyouwant,whereyouwant,withwhomyouwant,foraslongasyouwant,providesalastinghappinessgreaterthananyfancythingscanoffer.38Havingenoughsavingstogiveyoutimeandoptionsnevergetsold.39Youhavemorecontroloveritthanyourincome.Thepersonwhomakes$50,000butonlyneeds$40,000tobehappyisricherthanthepersonwhomakes$150,000butneeds$151,000tobehappy.AsNapoleondefined,amilitarytalentistheperson“whocandotheaveragethingwheneveryoneelseislosinghismind”.40Youdon’tneedtodoamazingthingstoendupOK.Avoidingterriblemistakesismorepowerfulthananyfancyfinancetips.A.We’renotgoingtospoilyou.B.Managingmoneyisthesame.C.Iwantyoutobelieveinthevaluesofhardwork.D.Learninghowtolivewithlessisveryimportant.E.Youjusthavetonotmessupforlongperiodsoftime.F.Theexcitementofhavingfancythingswearsoffquickly.G.They’reoftenworthpaying,butneverignorethattheyaretruecosts.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Icomefromalonglineoffarmers.WhenmyparentsmovedtoWisconsin,farmingallowedthemto41backtoLaos,totheculture,andtheland.Wisconsin’scornfields42thericefieldsofLaos.Butformeasachild,farmingwasjusta43.Iwouldbeassigned(分配)arowofgreenbeans.Mymom44meabigbasketanditwasmy45tofillit.ThatwashowIspentmysummervacation46myfriendswereeitheratcampordoingotherfunactivities.Ididn’t47howfarmingbroughthopetomyparentsuntilIwasanadult.Iama48removedfromLaosandIhavefoundthatfarmingallowsmeto49myparents’story.Itallowsmetoseealittlebitintotheirstory.WhatI’ve50frommymomisthatyoucangrowjustaboutanything.Mymomwantstostartgrowing51likeshedidbackinLaos.Withasnowyclimate,itissomethingIneverthought52here.Tome,thisshowsresilience(适应力).Maybeit53andmaybeitdoesn’t.Butthereis54inthat.Asakid,IhateddoingfarmworkandIneverthoughtthatsomedayIwouldsaythatIkindof55puttingmyfeetinthemudandweeding(除草)thecorn.41.A.connect B.head C.retire D.report42.A.changed B.covered C.replaced D.affected43A.dream B.game C.chore D.mystery44.A.sold B.gave C.sent D.lent45.A.intention B.opportunity C.choice D.job46.A.while B.if C.since D.until47.A.regret B.monitor C.appreciate D.complain48.A.generation B.graduate C.professional D.beginner49A.giveaway B.makeup C.actout D.relateto50.A.expected B.learned C.chosen D.demanded51.A.corn B.rice C.beans D.flowers52.A.flexible B.necessary C.legal D.possible53.A.improves B.revives C.works D.exists54.A.confusion B.permission C.balance D.hope55.A.miss B.risk C.delay D.escape第二节(共3篇,10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下列短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词,或括号内单词的正确形式。AIexperiencedChina’sNaadamFestivalinInnerMongoliaforthefirsttime.Thefestivalfeatureshorseracing,wrestling,andarchery.IsawalotofpeoplewearingsplendidMongolianrobes56learnedabouttheirancestraltradition.Intheuniquewrestlingcompetition,I57(move)bytheshowofstrengthandgrace.CelebratingNaadamwas58(absolute)worthwhile,andIeagerlyhopetoexperiencemoreoftheircultureina59(tradition)Mongoliantentandenjoyhotpotinwinter.BFilmscoresplayanimportantroleinshapingtheemotionalimpactofamovie60itsviewers.Theysignalhowtofeelaboutwhatishappeningonscreenandarealways61formofclassicalmusic.JohnWilliams’scoresforJawsandStarWarsareexamplesillustratinghowagoodscorecanimprovethemovieexperience.HansZimmer’sandTanDun’sscoresshowdifferentstylesandideasforfilmscores.WhileZimmer’sandWilliams’scoresaremoreconventional(传统的),TanDun’sclassicalmusicbackgroundallowshisscorestostandaloneasworksofartwithoutneedingafilm62(support)them.CTheterm“carbootsale”referstothesellingofitemsfromacar’strunk(后备箱).Mostofthegoodsonsaleareusedpersonalitemswithonlyafewofprofessionaltraders63(sell)goods.However,inagrowingtrend(趋势),all-yearhard-standingoutdoorbootsales,arenowappearingeverywhere,especiallyinChina,64(know)asthetrunkfairs.Itisverywelcomingtothose65wanttoruntheirownbusinessatalowcost.Itemsforsaleareextremelyvaried,includingsnacksandsoftdrinks.TheyouthinChinaareexploringanewlifestylethroughthetrunkfairs.第四部分写作(共两节,满分30分)第一节(满分15分)你校英文报正在举办主题为“戏剧人物评析”的征文活动。请你从《百万英镑》中挑选一个人物,写一篇短文投稿。内容包括:1.人物介绍;2.你的评析。注意:1.参考人物:HenryAdams,thebrothers(RoderickandOliver),theclerksortheownerinthetailor’sshop…;2.写作词数应为80左右3.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。第二节(满分15分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段,使之构成-篇完整的短文。Everyculturehasa
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