初中定语从句课件精心完全版

初中定语从句讲解定语?Hehasbigeyes.(形容词)?Sheisagirlwithlonghair.(介词短语)?Thereisakiteflyinginthesky.(现在分词)?IboughtabookwrittenbyLuXun.(过去分词)?Heisastudentwhostudiesabroad.(从句)?Wecandoanythingthatcanbedoneontheearth.(从句)?概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.先行词______________________关系词__定语从句先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when?关系词作用1.代替先行词;２．它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）?关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。关系代词that,which引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which.(作主语或宾语)判断先行词作主语或宾语Thisisthehousewhichisforsale.Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.Thebookwhichislyingonthefloorismine.Ilostthepenwhichmyfatherboughtme.Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogwhich/thatwaslosthasbeenfound.which/that作主语.(不能省略)（作主语）which/that作宾语：（可省略）Thisisthecard.I'vejustreceivedthecard.Thisisthecardwhich/thatI'vejustreceived.()（作宾语可省略）Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake.Istillkeeptheletterswhich/thatshewrotetome.Ilostthepenwhich/thatmyfatherboughtme.ThisisthemistakeIalwaysmake.Istillkeepthelettersshewrotetome.Ilostthepenmyfatherboughtme.关系代词做宾语可以省略关系代词who,that,whom引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that(作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语)who/that作主语.(不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语)1.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledRoy.2.Doyouknowthemanwhospokeatthemeetingyesterday?3.Thegirlwhoiswateringtheflowersismycousin./thatwho/whom/that作宾语：(可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语）1.Theboywho/whomI'mlookingforismyfriend.TheboyforwhomI'mlookingismyfriend.(介词提前只用whom）2.Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.Thethiefwhomthepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.小结：?that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。?which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.?who－指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词单复数形式由先行词定。Matchthetwosentences1.I'mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon'tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I'mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon'tlikethemanwho/thatissmoking.Whereisthepicturethat/whichyouboughtlastweek?有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种：1.当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它们修饰时。That'sallthatIknow.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时。That'stheonlythingthatIcandonow.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.Isittheonethatyouwant?Ihaven'tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.4.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthepenthatyoulost?5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.Isthisthelibrary(which/that)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?6.which指人/物，作宾语如介词提前则不能用that)CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.2)Theroom(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom(which)Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.关系代词与介词:介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)whose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy'sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.?whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl'smotherisateacher.作定语?Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).?A.whoB.whoseC.who'sD.whichExercise1:用关系代词填空1.Theboy____________isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.2.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.3.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbutdolittle.4.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I'veneverheardofthepeopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhosewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise2.1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn'tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday.当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而先行词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：when/where/whywhen作时间状语:Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.Shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried.Itwastheyear.TheWorldWarIbrokeoutintheyear.Itwastheyearwhen(=inwhich)theWorldWarIbrokeout.When=介词+whichwhere作地点状语Iwanttoknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.Iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheissittingisanewone.where=介词+whichwhy作原因状语,其先行词常常是thereason.Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)I'mlate.Iknowthereasonwhyhesaidit.why=forwhichExercise?1.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat?2.Isthatthereason_____youarefortheplan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat?3.October1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.?A.whichB.whenC.thatD.onthat?4.Isthistheplace______youwereborn??A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that?1.Isthistheplace______youwereborn??A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that?2.Isthistheplace______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastyear??A.whichB.whereC.whatD.why?3.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseumnow.?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that?4.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterboughtmanyyearsagoisamuseumnow.?A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why?5.Hetoldherthereason____whyheisunhappy,butshedoesn'tbelievethereason______hegivesher.?A.why;why?B.why;which?C.that;why?D.which;why【例1】Thenecklace_____yougavemeformybirthday.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.what?典型例题解析C【例2】Pollywasthethief_______stoleMum'snecklace.A.whoB.whereC.whichD.whatA【例3】Theone_________hegavemeisblack.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whatB【例6】ThisisthemostinterestingstoryIhaveheardof.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what【例4】Theone_________oneathousanddollarsturnedouttobefalse.A.whichcostB.whichspendC.thatcostD.thatspend?典型例题解析C【例5】ThisisthefirstarticlehehaswritteninEnglish.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatBBⅠ.单项选择1.Thereisnothing_________Icando.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what2.Doyouknowtheman_________iswearingglasses?A.whoB.whichC.whatD.where3.Theboy_________isplayingfootballismybrother.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where4.I'llneverforgettheday_________Ifirstmether.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.when5.Ican'tfindthebook_________mymotherboughtme.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what?课时训练(A)(A)(B)(D)(C)?课时训练6.Thefilm________Isawyesterdaywasveryinteresting.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.that7.Thisisthepan_________Iheatthemilk.A.whichB.whereC.withwhichD.inwhich8.Isthereanything_________Icanhelpyou?A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what9.All____isneededisafewhandstohelpwiththework.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.things10.Isthisthefactory_________youwishtovisit?A.thatB.whereC.whenD.what(D)(D)(A)(B)(A)11.I'mreadingabook_________iswrittenbyLuxun.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.when12.Iliketheteacher_________gaveusatalklastweek.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where13.Thisisoneofthebeautifulmountains_________Ihaveseenbefore.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.that14.After20yearshewentbacktothecity_________heusedtolive.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.how15.MrGreenisonlyoneofthoseforeigners_________isworkinginChina.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.whose?课时训练(A)(A)(D)(A)(A)16.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything________ismissing.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where17.Ihatepeople________talkedmuchbutdoA.who，fewB.that，fewC.which，littleD.who，little18.I'llshootanyone_________moves.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.who19.Idon'tknowthereason_____hewaslatethismorning.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.who20.Wearelookingforathief_____parrotsandnecklaces.A.wholikestealingB.wholikesstealingC.thatliketostealD.whichlikestosteal?课时训练(B)(D)(D)(B)(C)Ⅱ.句型转换1.Doyouknowtheman?Themanispickingupthewastepaper.(改为含有定语从句的句子)Doyouknowtheman_____________upthewastepaper.2.Ilikebooks.ThebooksarewrittenbyCharlesDickens.(改为含有定语从句的句子)Ilikebooks_____________writtenbyCharlesDickens.3.Iwanttomakefriendswiththepeoplearekindtooldpeople.(改为含有定语从句的句子)Iwanttoma