山东省泰安市宁阳实验高级中学2021-2022学年高一英语期末试卷含解析

山东省泰安市宁阳实验高级中学2021-2022学年高一英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.—I’mgoingtoShanghainextMonday.—_________________.A.Haveagoodtrip!

B.Nicetomeetyou.C.That’sOK D.Yes,please.参考答案：A2.Somanyyoungmenwantto___writing.

A.takein

B.takeup

C.takeover

D.takeoff参考答案：B.解析：takein意为“接受；接待；领会等”；takeup意为“开始从事，开始对…发生兴趣;占去(地点\时间等)”;takeover意为“接管，接收，接任等”takeoff意为“起飞；休假；取消等”。故根据句意应选B.3.Harryhasbeenoutofworkforsixmonths,sohehasdifficulty_________.A.earninglivings

B.earninghisliving

C.toearnlivings

D.toearnhisliving参考答案：B4.----TheMP4playercostme10dollars.----Youonlypaid10dollarsforit?Thatwasareal____.A.bargain

B.exchange C.trade

D.business参考答案：A5.Menciusbelievedthatthereasonwhymanisdifferentfromanimalsis______Manisgood.A.that

B.what

C.why

D.whether参考答案：A6.“Idon’tunderstandwhatyouaresaying,”shesaid,witha__________expressiononherface.A.puzzling

B.puzzled C.puzzle D.puzzlement参考答案：B7.Whodoyouthinkistheman

youaregoingtoturnforhelpwhenyouare

?

A.who;indanger

B.towhom;introubleC.withwhom;indanger

D.forwhom;introuble参考答案：B略8.Jenny__________theactresstryingtorememberhername.A.staredat

B.calledatC.shoutedat

D.laughedat参考答案：A略9.WillyoupaycashorshallIchargeittoyour_____?

A.bill

B.counter

C.pocket

D.account参考答案：D10.Tomisalwaysreadytohelpothersandaskingfornothing___,soheisverypopularatschool.A.onpurpose B.inturn C.ontime D.inreturn参考答案：D11.Withalotofdifficultproblems

，thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime．

A．settled

B．settling

C．tosettleD．beingsettled参考答案：C12.______youhavegotsuchagoodchance,youmightaswellmakethebestofit.

A.Although

B.Nowthat

C.Assoonas

D.Asif参考答案：B13.Theexpertsadvise_______ourarmy_______modernweapons.A．toequip;with

B．equipping;withC．toequip;for

D．equipping;for

参考答案：B略14.—Thisisareallylivelyparty.There’sagreatatmosphere,isn’tthere?

—________.Thehostsknowhowtohostaparty.

A.That’ssettledB.Ican’tagreemoreC.It’suptoyou

D.Italldepends参考答案：B15.—IsitnecessarytolookupeverynewwordwhenIcomeacrossitinreading?—No.You________，becauseyouarelikelytoguessthemeaningfromthecontext.A．can't

B．mustn'tC．don'thaveto D．oughtnotto参考答案：C试题分析:句意：---当我在阅读中遇到每一个生词的时候有必要去查字典吗？---没必要，因为你有可能从上下文中猜出意思来。A不能；B禁止；C没必要；D不应该。根据句意可知说话人认为没必要这样做，故答案选C。考点：考查情态动词。16.Theoldcar

whenIwasonthewaytotheairport.A.brokeup

B.brokedown

C.brokein

D.brokeoff参考答案：B二、完型填空17.Atjust18yearsold,CanberrastudentLochieFerrierhasalreadyconductedresearchinafrontierfield—aerospaceengineering.Aerospaceengineeringistheprimary

ofengineeringconcernedwiththescienceandtechnologyofaircraftandspacecraft.In2014,hewasoneof80highschoolstudentsworldwidewho

asix-weekscienceandengineeringprogramatMIT.Duringtheprogram,hewas

bytheinstitute’sscientists,anddevelopedamethodtoidentifyinactivesatellites.Thismethod,calledOASIS,isdesigned

awaytohelpmanagespacedebris(碎片),which

operatingsatellites.“Onesolutiontothisproblemisa

robotthatcangatherpiecesofspacedebrisandstoretheminorbit，”hesays.“Thesepiecescouldbe

tonewsatelliteslater,thus

thecostsandlaunchweightsofnewsatellites.”However,

satelliteidentificationtechnologywouldbeneededforthissolution,andthat’swhatLochieisworkingon.“Ihopethismethodwouldbeputintopracticeinthenearfuture,

inthenext10years,”hesays.Lochiehasmadethe

oftheYoungInnovatorscategoryoftheAustralianInnovationChallengeAwardswithhisOASIS.Thiscategoryisopentostudentsaged21yearsor

andcarriesa$5,000prize.Ifhewon,hewouldusethemoneytohelpfund

researchintoOASIS.“Myplanforusingthemoneywouldbetotrytousematerialswhichcouldstanduptothe

environmentofspace,”hesays.Heisalsoconsideringhowto

thetechnologytoorganizationssuchasNASAandsatellitemanufacturers.Lochie’s

inaerospaceengineeringwasarousedbythebigdishantenna(碟形天线）atNASA’strackingstationnearCanberra，whichhevisitedinhisearlyteens.HesaidhissoftwaredesignanddevelopmentteacheratCanberraGrammarSchool

him,too.

“HetaughtmevaluableprojectmanagementandskillswhichIappliedtoOASIS.”LochiehasbeenattendingCanberraGrammarSchoolandwillsoon

examsforadmissiontouniversities.He

histimebetweenschoolwork,hispersonal

projectssuchasOASISandthedevelopmentofapps,rockclimbing,andplayingclassicalviolin.Theteenageriswellonhiswaytorealizinghissky-highambition.15．A.principle

B.presentation

C.branch

D.criterion16．A.broughtin

B.participatedin

C.setup

D.backedup17．A.guided

B.criticized

C.surprised

D.changed18．A.in

B.for

C.with

D.as19．A.follows

B.threatens

C.splits

D.maintains20．A.recycling

B.repairing

C.creating

D.launching21．A.switched

B.transformed

C.attached

D.returned22．A.increasing

B.reducing

C.balancing

D.covering23．A.optional

B.temporary

C.reliable

D.theoretical24．A.imagine

B.say

C.suppose

D.consider25．A.plans

B.finals

C.competitions

D.goals26．A.under

B.beyond

C.more

D.above27．A.basic

B.further

C.academic

D.independent28．A.extreme

B.pure

C.dark

D.friendly29．A.adapt

B.forward

C.market

D.apply30．A.influence

B.investment

C.information

D.interest31．A.inspired

B.served

C.sponsored

D.promised32．A.join

B.sit

C.hold

D.prepare33．A.devotes

B.spends

C.separates

D.divides34．A.instructive

B.competitive

C.technical

D.typica参考答案：15．C16．B17．A18．D19．B20．A21．C22．B23．C24．B25．B26．A27．B28．A29．C30．D31．A32．B33．D34．C15．本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。principle原则，校长；presentation代表；branch分支，部门；criterion标准，准则。根据空后的engineering判断aeropaceengineering是其分支。故选C。16．本空考查动词短语基本含义的辨析。broughtin带入，引进，赚进；participatedin参与；setup建立；backedup支持。根据空后的asix-weekscienceandengineeringprogram应是“参与”。故选B。17．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。guided向导，引导；criticized批评；surprised吃惊的；changed变化的。根据前文他还是学生，空前是scientist科学家，应是“指导”。故选A。18．本空考查介词基本含义的辨析。bedesignedas被设计为……。故选D。19．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。follows跟随，理解；threatens恐吓，威胁；splits分裂；maintains保持。根据前文，这些空中碎片会给卫星带来“威胁”。故选B。20．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。recycling再循环；repairing修理；creating创作；launching发起，发动。根据前文，制造一个进行回收碎片的机器人。故选A。21．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。switched转换；transformed变换形式；attached黏住；returned回来。beattachedto粘住，黏住。故选C。22．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。increasing增加；reducing减少；balancing平衡；covering覆盖。根据前文机器人收集碎片，就减少花费。故选B。23．本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。optional可选择的；temporary暂时的；reliable可信赖的，可依赖的；theoretical理论上的。这种可信赖的技术将会被需要。故选C。24．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。imagine想象；say约莫，估计；suppose认为；consider考虑。这是在说未来的事情，应是估计。故选B。25．本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。plans计划；finals决赛；competitions比赛；goals目标。Makethefinalof做出……最后的决定。故选B。26．本空考查介词基本含义的辨析。under在……以下；beyond在……那边；more更多；above在……之上。orunder或在21岁以下的。故选A。27．本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。basic基础的；further更进一步的；academic学术的；independent独立的。句意：如果他赢了，他将这笔钱用于更进一步的研究。故选B。28．本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。extreme极端的；pure纯净的；dark黑暗的；friendly友好的。根据前文提到的太空环境是非常极端的，故选A。29．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。adapt改编；forward推进；market出售；apply申请。根据空后的manufactures判断是出售。故选C。30．本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。influence影响；investment投资；information信息；interest兴趣。Lochie的兴趣被碟形天线所激起。故选D。31．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。inspired激励；served服务；sponsored拥护；promised答应，承诺。学校的老师对他的激励。故选A。32．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。join加入；sit坐；hold容纳；prepare准备。sitexams参加考试。故选B。33．本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。devotes贡献；spends花费；separates分离，分散；divides分开。根据空后between的宾语判断。故选D。34．本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。instructive有教育意义的；competitive有竞争力的；technical技术的；typical典型的。根据前文提到的参加科研技术判断。故选C。三、阅读理解18.YoungMisterSmithhadanideaforhisemployer.Itwasanideaforsavingmoneyforthecompanybyincreasingprices.Atthesametime,Smithsuggestedthatthecompanysellgoodsoflessvalue.Ifhisemployerlikedtheidea,Smithmightbegivenmorepay.Perhapshemightevengetabetterjobwiththecompany.Businesshadbeenveryslow.SoMisterSmith’semployerthoughtafewminutesabouttheidea.Butthensheshookherhead.“Iamsorry,Smith,”hisemployersaid.“Itjustwillnotwash.”Now,themeaningoftheseEnglishwordsshouldbe,“Itwillnotgetclean.”Yet,Smith’sideadidnothaveanythingtodowithmakingsomethingclean.Sowhydidhisemployersay,“Itwillnotwash?”Mostwordexpertsagreethat“itwillnotwash”meansitwillnotwork.InthenineteenthcenturyinEngland,theexpressioncametomeananunde-pendablestatement.Itwasusedmainlytodescribeanidea.Butsometimesitwasusedaboutaperson.HappilyfortheyoungemployeeSmith,hisemployerwantedhimtodowellinthecompany.Sotheemployer“talkedturkey”tohim.Shesaid,“Yourideawouldbeunfairtoourbuyers.Thinkofanotherwaytosavemoney.”Acenturyago,totalkturkeymeanttotalkpleasantly.Turkeysinthebarnyard(仓院)werethoughttobespeakingpleasantlytooneanother.Inrecentyears,thesayinghascometomeananattempttoteachsomethingimportant.MisterSmiththoughtofabetterideaafterhisemployertalkedturkeytohim.Hewasgivenanincreaseinpay.Soifyouridea“willnotwash,”try“talkingturkey”toyourselfandcomeupwithabetteridea.

77.What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Togivesomeadviceonofficework.

B.Toexplorethemeaningsoftwoexpressions.

C.ToshareMisterSmith’spersonalexperience.

D.TotellaboutthedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.78.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheemployerinthepassage?

A.Hard-working.

B.Unlucky.

C.Honest.

D.Cold-blooded.79.WhydidtheemployerrefuseMisterSmith’sidea?

A.Theideawouldcosthermuchmoney.

B.SheknewSmithplayedatrickonher.

C.Sheherselfwantedtogetabetterjob.

D.Theideawoulddoharmtocustomers.80.Bysaying“Itjustwillnotwash”,theemployeractuallymeans“______”.

A.yoursuitwon’tgetcleanagain

B.yoursuitismadeofbadmaterial

C.yourideaistoogoodtobetrue

D.youradvicewon’tbringgoodresults参考答案：BCDD19.Astudyhasfoundthatalifetimeofregularexerciseandactivitycanslowdowntheagingprocess(衰老过程).Researcherssaythatgettingoldershouldnotnecessarilymeanbecomingmoreweakorsick.Theirresearchshowsthatadevotiontoalifeofmovementandexercisemayhelpuslivenotonlylonger,butalsohealthier.Fortheirstudy,theresearcherslookedattwogroups.Thefirstgroupwasmadeupof125non-professionalcyclistsbetweentheagesof55to79.Thisgroupincluded84healthymenand41healthywomen.Wewillcallthisgroupthe“cyclists”.Researchersthenfound130peopletomakeupasecondgroup.Withinthisgroup,75peoplewereagedfrom57to80.Theother55werebetweentheagesof20and36.Thepeopleinthisgroupwerealsohealthy,buttheydidnotexerciseregularly.Wewillcallthisgroupthe“non-exercisers”.Smokers,heavydrinkersofalcoholandpeoplewithotherhealthissueswerenotincludedinthestudy.Then,researchersgavebothgroupsaseriesoftests.Theytestedtheirmusclemass(肌肉质量),muscularstrength,percentageofbodyfatandthestrengthoftheirimmune(免疫的)systems.Thentheresearcherscomparedtheresultsofthetwogroups.Resultsshowedthatthecyclistsdidnotexperiencebodychangesusuallyregardedasanormalagingprocess.Forexample,theydidnotlosemusclemassormuscularstrength.Also,theirbodyfatdidnotincreasewithage.Theresearchersalsofoundsomethingtheyhadnotexpected.Thestudyshowedthattheimmunesystemsofthecyclistsdidnotageeither.Theresearchersadviseusalltofindanexercisethatwelikeinourlives.8.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Bycomparing. B.Bydiscussing.C.Byimagining. D.Byreasoning.9.Whichofthefollowingisaresultoftheresearch?A.Thecyclistskeptathinbodyshape.B.Thenon-exerc