陕西省渭南市白水县2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 含答案解析

白水县2020~2021学年度第二学期期末质量检测试题高二英语注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟;2.答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号;3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰;4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理：试题卷不回收。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Calm.B.Nervous.C.Confident.2.WhyweretheresomanypeopleatBill’sparty?A.Hehadasurprisingparty.B.Heispopularwithchildren.C.Hehasalwaysbeenpopular.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Bringingacamera.B.Noticingthesign.C.Takingphotos.4.WhatwilltheweatherbelikenextMonday?A.Rainy.B.Fine.C.Windy.5.Howmuchdoesanadultticketcost?A.Sixdollars.B.Fourdollars.C.Twodollars.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.B.Inanapartmentdowntown.C.Inanofficedowntown.7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Visitthewoman’scompany.B.Gettowork.C.Gotoarestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第89题。8.WhenwasJimmyexpectedtobebackhome?A.At8:00pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At5:00pm.9.WheredoesthemanthinkJimmyis?A.Inthelibrary.B.Ataclassmate’shome.C.Atateacher’soffice.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthewomandolastnightbeforegettinghome?A.Watchedafilm.B.Wentshopping.C.Metafriend.11.Whathappenedwhenthewomancameatthedoor?A.Herkeywasmissing.B.Sheheardanoise.C.Thedooropened.12.WhatistherelationshipbetweenKarlandthewoman?A.Workmates.B.Classmates.C.Brotherandsister.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoisthewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Astudent.14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Goingshopping.B.Makingasurvey.C.Givingaclass.15.Howmanyhoursaweekdoesthemanwork?A.About30.B.About40.C.About50.16.Whatdoesthemanspendthreehoursdoingaweek?A.Reading.B.Talkingtothefamily.C.Talkingtofriends.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhichsportisLeBronJamesgoodat?A.Basketball.B.Tennis.C.Football.18.WherewasLeBronJamesborn?A.InMiami.B.InCleveland.C.InAkron.19.WhendidJamesjointheMiamiHeat?A.In2012.B.In2010.C.In1984.20.HowmanyMostValuablePlayerawardshasJameswon?A.Six.B.Four.C.Two.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AJoshua,Helmut,andBethleheMichelleO.DonovanISBN9781462058679Lifeisnoteasyfornine-year-oldJoshuaduringWorldWarⅡ.Becauseofhisfamily’sJewishbackground,theyaresenttoliveintheconcentrationcamps(集中营).Scaredandalone,JoshuaonedaymakesfriendswithalittlemousehecallsBethlehemwhobecomeshisclosestfriend.EncourageMe!InspirationalPoetryGloriaCoykendallISBN9781412027854Itisaneasy-to-readcollectionofpoemsoriginallywrittentoencourageinfaithandtobeacureforchronicdepression(长期抑郁).SeekingtheEdgeDr.JosephL.RoseISBN9781462031795SeekingtheEdgeprovidesthetoolsandtechniquestofindthatedgeinone’slife—drivingreaderstoachievesuccesswhetherinyourcurrentjob,findinganewjob,ineducation,family,orevenhobbies.MoreThingsinHeavenBillBosworthISBN9780595433582InhisMoreThingsinHeavens,BillBosworthpresentsthehighlightsofhis83yearsoflife,includinghistripstoIndiaandthestudyofthewritingsofseveralgreatspiritualleaders.MoreThingsinHeavenswillattractanyonewhoinsistsonfindingthedeepestmeaningfortheirexistencebasedontheirownexperiences.CreationorEvolutionMichaelEbifeghaISBN9781450289023Werehumanscreated,ordidtheyevolve?HowoldistheEarth?Thedebatebetweenscienceandreligioncontinuestobeheated.InCreationorEvolution,MichaelEbifeghaexaminesthesetwoopposedworldviewswithinthestructureofempirical(实证的)science.1.Whowrotethestoryaboutalittleboyandalittlemouse?A.BillBosworth.B.MichelleO.Donovan.C.Dr.JosephL.Rose.D.GloriaCoykendall.2.TheISBNforthebookofpoemsis_____________.A.9781462031795B.9781412027854C.9780595433582D.97814620586793.WhatkindofreaderswillprobablylikereadingMoreThingsinHeaven?A.Thosewhoaresearchingforthemeaningoflife.B.Thosewhoaretryingtobespiritualleaders.C.Thosewhostudytheartofwriting.D.Thosewholiketravelingabroad.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五本书的一些相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据关于Joshua,Helmut,andBethlehe一书的介绍中的“Scaredandalone,JoshuaonedaymakesfriendswithalittlemousehecallsBethlehemwhobecomeshisclosestfriend.（一天，Joshua害怕又孤独，他和一只名叫Bethlehem的小老鼠交上了朋友，这只老鼠成了他最亲密的朋友。）”可知Joshua,Helmut,andBethlehe书中写了一个小男孩和一只小老鼠的故事。通过该书的介绍部分可知，该书作者为MichelleO.Donovan。所以MichelleO.Donovan写了一个小男孩和一只小老鼠的故事。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据关于EncourageMe!一书的介绍中的“Itisaneasy-to-readcollectionofpoemsoriginallywrittentoencourageinfaithandtobeacureforchronicdepression.（这是一本易于阅读的诗集，最初是为了鼓励信仰和治疗长期抑郁症而写的。）”可知，这是一本诗集，通过该书的介绍部分可知，它的书号是ISBN9781412027854。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据关于MoreThingsinHeaven一书介绍中的“MoreThingsinHeavenswillattractanyonewhoinsistsonfindingthedeepestmeaningfortheirexistencebasedontheirownexperiences.（MoreThingsinHeavens会吸引那些坚持根据自己的经历为自己的存在寻找最深层意义的人。）”可推知，这本书将吸引那些坚持寻找生命意义的人。故选A项。BAfour-year-oldboywhowascrazyaboutcollectingrubbishhasfinallyfulfilledhisdreamofbeingacleaner.RileyMcCourthasadmiredthelocalrubbishcollectorsforages,spendinghisdayspickingupwasteonhisstreetandwheelingbins(垃圾桶)tothesideoftheroadtohelpouthisneighbors.Helovescleaningandbinningwaste.Hisfavoritechoreistoemptytherubbishfromthechipshophismumruns.Twoweeksago,however,adisasterstruck:Rileyaccidentallyknockedoveroneofthebinsandwasaccusedofcausingtrouble.SomeonepostedinthelocalFacebookgroupthatRileyhadputrubbishinthestreet,clearlyunawareofhisloveforkeepingthestreetsclean.Thankfullyhisinnocencewasquicklyproven,andhislocalcouncildecidedtomakehisdreamscometruebyallowinghimtoworkalongsidethecleanersforaday.RileyjoinedthewastecollectioncrewonWednesday,chattingwiththeteam,helpingwiththerecycling,andridinginthewastecollectionvehicles.Heevengothisownjacket.Riley'smum,ToniMcCourt,said,“Helovesthebinsandtrucks.”Riley'sfavoritedayisdefinitelybinday.Hegoesroundcollectingtherubbishuponthestreet.Thecleanersallknowhimwhentheyspothim.Hegoesoutsideassoonasheseesthemcomeround.Hehelpshisneighborsputtheirbinsoutforcollection.Rileyclearlymadeagoodimpressionduringhisfirstdayonthejob,ascommunityservicesmanagerJaneCarrolsaidshewasverypleasedwithhisenthusiasmfortherole.Janesaid,“Rileyisclearlyakeenrecyclerandwhoknows,whenheisolderI'msurehewouldmakeanexcellentmemberoftheteamhere.Itwasapleasurefortheteamtoshowhimaroundthevehicles.”4.WhatisRiley'sdream?AToprovehisinnocence.B.Tocollectmuchrubbish.C.Toworkasarealcleaner.D.Toworkinhismother'sshop.5.WhathappenedtoRileytwoweeksago?A.Hewaswrongedbysomeone.B.Hewasknockedoverbyabin.C.Hehadanaccidentintheshop.D.Heforgottoemptytherubbish.6.Whatdopeopledoonbinday?A.Peoplegoouttocelebrateit.B.Thecleanerscollectthebins.C.PeoplehelpRileycollectrubbish.D.Thecleanerscollectrubbishinthebins.7.HowdoesJaneCarrolthinkaboutRiley'saction?A.Itisdangeroustodosoonthestreet.B.Itisgoodforthecommunitytofollowhim.C.ItisworthwhiletogiveRileyhighremarks.D.Itisunnecessaryforsuchalittleboytodoso.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热衷于捡垃圾的四岁男孩因为自己坚持捡垃圾的行为而成为了清洁工的一员并受到了社区服务经理的高度赞扬。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Afour-year-oldboywhowascrazyaboutcollectingrubbishhasfinallyfulfilledhisdreamofbeingacleaner.”（一个痴迷于捡垃圾的四岁小男孩终于实现了他成为清洁工的梦想。）可知，Riley的梦想是成为一名清洁工。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Twoweeksago,however,adisasterstruck:Rileyaccidentallyknockedoveroneofthebinsandwasaccusedofcausingtrouble.”（然而，两周前发生了一场灾难。Riley不小心打翻了其中一个垃圾箱，并被指控制造了麻烦。）和第三段“SomeonepostedinthelocalFacebookgroupthatRileyhadputrubbishinthestreet,clearlyunawareofhisloveforkeepingthestreetsclean.”（有人在当地的Facebook群里发帖说，Riley在街上扔垃圾，显然没有意识到他对保持街道清洁的热爱。）可知，Riley因为不小心撞倒了垃圾桶而被人误会。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Riley'sfavoritedayisdefinitelybinday.Hegoesroundcollectingtherubbishuponthestreet.Thecleanersallknowhimwhentheyspothim.Hegoesoutsideassoonasheseesthemcomeround.”（Riley最喜欢的日子绝对是垃圾桶日。他在街上到处捡垃圾。）可知，清洁工在垃圾桶日到处捡垃圾。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rileyclearlymadeagoodimpressionduringhisfirstdayonthejob,ascommunityservicesmanagerJaneCarrolsaidshewasverypleasedwithhisenthusiasmfortherole.Janesaid,“Rileyisclearlyakeenrecyclerandwhoknows,whenheisolderI'msurehewouldmakeanexcellentmemberoftheteamhere.Itwasapleasurefortheteamtoshowhimaroundthevehicles.””（Riley上任的第一天就给人留下了很好的印象，社区服务经理JaneCarrol说，她很高兴Riley对这个职位的热情。JaneCarrol说:“Riley显然是一个热衷于回收的人，谁知道呢，当他长大了，我相信他会成为这个团队的优秀成员。团队很高兴能带他参观这些车辆。”）可知，JaneCarrol对Riley很满意，且对他的未来充满了期待，可推断JaneCarrol对Riley的评价是很高的。故选C项。【点睛】CArchitecturalhistorycantakeyouthroughtheevolutionofthosestructuresthatservedasamarktoremotecivilizations,liketheEgyptiansandtheirarchitecture,reflectedinpyramids,tombs,andmanyotherancientbuildingsalongtheNileRiver．Infact,thefirstbigarchitecturaldesignrecordedinhistorywastheworkofImhotep,Egyptianhighpriest（主教）,whodesignedandbuiltthecomplex（综合建筑群）thattookthenameofhisking,betweentheyears2630to2611BC．Ruinsofthemostvariedarchitecturespeakforthemselvesaboutthemostvariedcivilizations,traditions,andbeliefsaroundtheworld．Withoutarchitecture,thehistoryofmankindwouldbeincomplete．Manysurvivingbuildingsoftheancientworldareexamplesofthegreatthingsthatarchitecturecandofortheworld．Amongthem,wecannametheGreatPyramid,listedasoneofthesevenwondersoftheancientworld,andthegreatWallofChina,builtbetweentheyears221to206BC．Astimepassed,allbuildingsanddesignsbegantotakespecialcharacteristics,becomingsymbolsofdifferenterasidentifiedasarchitecturalstyles．InancientGreece,wherebuildingsseemedtoalwaysbethesame,therewerethreetypesofcolumnstoidentifyeachperiodoftime．TheRomansinheritedfromtheGreeksmostoftheirtraditions,beliefs,andcustoms,includingarchitecture,buttheyalsodevelopedtheirown．Architecturalhistorywasinfluencedbyartistic,economic,politic,andsocio-culturaleventsthroughoutthecenturies,andEuropebecamethecradle（摇篮）ofmanywell-knownarchitectsintheyearsfollowingthefalloftheRomanEmpire．Astimepasses,theactualarchitecturediffersinshape,materials,constructionmethods,anddesigninggoals,buttheworkofthearchitectswillcontinueforgenerationstocome．8.Whomadethefirstbigarchitecturaldesignrecordedinhistory?A.Chinese B.Indians C.Egyptians D.British9.What'sthefunctionofruinsofthearchitectureaccordingtothepassage?A.Theygivetouristschancestovisitthem．B.Theyhelptosatisfytheneedsofhouses．C.Theycanbringinagreatdealofmoneyforthelocalpeople．D.Theyrepresentdifferentcultivations,traditions,andbeliefsthereandthen．10.WhydoesthewritermentiontheGreatPyramid?A.Toshowitsstrength B.TotellusitsimportanceC.Toshowitsspecialstyle D.Toprovethefunctionofarchitecture11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Architecturalhistorywasonlyinfluencedbyeconomicandpoliticevents．B.TheRomanEmpirewasthecradleoffamousarchitectsearlierthanEurope．C.Theactualarchitectureremainsthesameinshape,materialanddesigninggoals．D.EuropewasthecradleoffamousarchitectsearlierthantheRomanEmpire．【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明。文章简述世界建筑史。文章认为建筑史可以带你了解那些作为遥远文明标志的建筑的演变过程，世界上各种各样的建筑遗迹代表着世界上各种各样的文明、传统和信仰。随着时间的推移，实际的建筑在形状、材料、施工方法和设计目标上都有所不同，但建筑师的工作将持续几代人。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Infact,thefirstbigarchitecturaldesignrecordedinhistorywastheworkofImhotep,Egyptianhighpriest（主教）,whodesignedandbuiltthecomplex（综合建筑群）thattookthenameofhisking,betweentheyears2630to2611BC．”（事实上，历史上记载的第一个大型建筑设计是由埃及大祭司印Imhotep在公元前2630年至2611年期间设计并建造的，以他的国王的名字命名。）可知，埃及人完成了历史上第一个大型建筑设计。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Ruinsofthemostvariedarchitecturespeakforthemselvesaboutthemostvariedcivilizations,traditions,andbeliefsaroundtheworld．Withoutarchitecture,thehistoryofmankindwouldbeincomplete．”（世界上各种各样的建筑遗迹代表着世界上各种各样的文明、传统和信仰。没有建筑，人类的历史将是不完整的。）可知，建筑遗迹代表着世界上各种各样的文明、传统和信仰。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Manysurvivingbuildingsoftheancientworldareexamplesofthegreatthingsthatarchitecturecandofortheworld．”（许多现存的古代建筑都是建筑为世界所做的伟大贡献的典范。）可知，文章作者提及埃及金字塔的目的是为了说明古代建筑为世界所做的贡献即证明建筑的功能。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Architecturalhistorywasinfluencedbyartistic,economic,politic,andsocio-culturaleventsthroughoutthecenturies,andEuropebecamethecradle（摇篮）ofmanywell-knownarchitectsintheyearsfollowingthefalloftheRomanEmpire．”（几个世纪以来，建筑史受到艺术、经济、政治和社会文化事件的影响，在罗马帝国灭亡后的几年里，欧洲成为许多著名建筑师的摇篮。）可知，欧洲是在罗马帝国灭亡后才成为了许多建筑师的摇篮的。同时根据文章倒数第三段“TheRomansinheritedfromtheGreeksmostoftheirtraditions,beliefs,andcustoms,includingarchitecture,buttheyalsodevelopedtheirown．”（罗马人从希腊人那里继承了大部分的传统、信仰和习俗，包括建筑，但他们也发展了自己的传统、信仰和习俗。）可知，罗马人对建筑的了解在当时是很先进的。综合分析可知，罗马帝国是比欧洲更早的著名建筑师的摇篮。故选B项。DAyoungDutchinventoriswideninghisefforttocleanupfloating(浮动的)plasticfromthePacificOcean.Hehasdevelopedafloatingdevice(设备)totrapplasticwastemovingintoriversbeforeitreachestheoceans.BoyanSlatwasjust18yearsoldwhenheinventedasystemforcatchingwasteintheocean.Healsofoundedanenvironmentalgroupcalled“TheOceanCleanup”.Itspurposeistodevelopthesystem.Lastyear,Slatshowedthenextstep:afloatingdevicecalledInterceptor.Itremovesplasticoutofrivers.Thedeviceispoweredbyenergyfromthesun.“The1,000riversareresponsibleforabout80%ofplasticgoingintotheworld’soceans,”saidSlat.Threeofthemachineshavealreadybeenused.Eachmachinecostsabout$775,660,butthecostmightdropasproductionincreases.Sincetheywereused,themachineshavebeendoingverywell,collectingtheplasticbottlesandalltherubbishintherivers.AccordingtoSlat,itisnecessarytoclose“thetap”,whichmeanspreventingmoreplasticfromreachingtheoceaninthefirstplace.Hewantedtocleanthemallinthenextfiveyears.“Thisisnotgoingtobeeasy,butifwedogetthisdone,wecouldtrulymakeouroceansagain,”saidSlat.Thedeviceisdesignedtobesafeinrivers.Itsnoseisshapedtochangedirectionstokeepitawayfromlargerfloatingthings.Itworksbyguidingplasticwasteintoanopeninginthefrontofthedevice.Thewasteisthencarriedinsidethemachinewhereitisdroppedintocontainers.Thedevicesendsatextmessagetolocaloperatorsthatcancomeandemptyitwhenitisfull.12.WhatdoweknowaboutInterceptor?A.Itisbeingundertest. B.Itcanhelpsortwaste.C.Itneedssolarpowertowork. D.Itismainlyusedintheoceans.13.Whatdoes“thetap”refertoinparagraph3?A.Therivers. B.Themachines.C.Theoceans. D.TheInterceptor.14.What’sthefunctionofthedevice’snose?A.Toemptythewaste. B.Toserveascontainers.C.Toensurethedevice’ssafety. D.Tosendoperatorstextmessages.15.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel D.Amagazine.【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍荷兰年轻发明家发明的一种可以清除河流中塑料垃圾的装置。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thedeviceispoweredbyenergyfromthesun.（这个装置由太阳提供能量。）”可知，这台设备是以太阳能为动力的。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Sincetheywereused,themachineshavebeendoingverywell,collectingtheplasticbottlesandalltherubbishintherivers.AccordingtoSlat,itisnecessarytoclose“thetap”,whichmeanspreventingmoreplasticfromreachingtheoceaninthefirstplace.（自从使用以来，这些机器一直运转良好，收集了塑料瓶和河里所有的垃圾。根据斯莱特的说法，关闭“水龙头”是必要的，这就意为着首先要防止更多的塑料进入海洋。）”可知，斯莱特认为减少河里的垃圾，就能阻止垃圾进入海洋。由此可知，“thetap”指的是上游的河流。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thedeviceisdesignedtobesafeinrivers.Itsnoseisshapedtochangedirectionstokeepitawayfromlargerfloatingthings.（这个装置是为了在河流中安全而设计的。它的鼻子形状可以改变方向，使它远离较大的漂浮物。）”可知，鼻子碰到较大的漂浮物时会让装置转变方向，即鼻子的作用是确保装置的安全。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“AyoungDutchinventoriswideninghisefforttocleanupfloating(浮动的)plasticfromthePacificOcean.Hehasdevelopedafloatingdevice(设备)totrapplasticwastemovingintoriversbeforeitreachestheoceans.（一位年轻的荷兰发明家正在加大力度清理太平洋上漂浮的塑料。他发明了一种漂浮装置，可以在塑料垃圾到达海洋之前将其在河流中收集。）”可知，主要介绍荷兰年轻发明家的一种可以清除河流中塑料垃圾的装置。因此本文属于科技说明文，由此推知这篇文章很有可能出自一本杂志。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theteenageyearscanbeaveryconfusingtimefilledwithanxiety,especiallyinhighschool.Herearesomepowerfultipswhichcanhelpyousucceedintheyears.Knowyourselfandpickadirection.____16____,however,it'sunwisetotryeverything.Justfocusonyourfavorite.Considerallthebenefitsthatitbringsintoyourlifeandthenseehowyoucandevelopyourpassionintoapossiblecareeroption.GetawayfromthefriendsthatofferpoisonousadviceandnegativityThereisnoplaceforthatkindofbehavioratanystageofyourlife.____17____.Thisdoeswondersforself-confidenceandoverallpositivity.Readasmuchasyoucan.Pickupabookonanythingthatexpandsyourknowledgebase.____18____,you'llnoticeinafewdayshowyoubegintoseethingsinadifferentway.____19____.Iam19yearsold,soIunderstandjusthowmuchtimecanbewastedontechnology,especiallytheInternetandcellphones.Onceyouspendlesstimedoingthingsthataddnovaluetoyourlifeandinsteadspendthattimeenrichingyourself,yourlifebeginstoshapeandturnintoexactlywhatyouwantittobe.Makemistakes.Lookatamistakeyou'vemadefromeverypossibleangleandtakethelessonsfromit.Yourteenageyearsaremeanttobespentgettingtoknowyourself.____20____It'sokaytomakemistakes.A.TrydifferentthingsB.YoumaybefacedwithtoomanychoicesinyourlifeC.WorkhardtoimproveyourscoresD.LimitthetimespentonsocialmediaE.NotalltimecanyouachievethisbytryingtobeperfectF.IfyoustopspendinghourswatchingTVandinsteadusethattimetoreadbooksG.Andyoushouldvalueyourselfhighlyenoughtogetridofthesepeople【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.D20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。青少年时期可能是一段非常混乱、充满焦虑的时期，尤其是在高中时期。文章主要说明了一些可以帮助青少年在今后的岁月里取得成功的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Knowyourselfandpickadirection.(认清自己，选择方向)”以及后文“however,it'sunwisetotryeverything.Justfocusonyourfavorite.Considerallthebenefitsthatitbringsintoyourlifeandthenseehowyoucandevelopyourpassionintoapossiblecareeroption.(然而，尝试一切是不明智的。只关注你最喜欢的。考虑一下它给你的生活带来的好处，然后看看如何把你的爱好发展成一个可能的职业选择)”可知，后文提到尝试一切并不明智，可知本句是在说明生活中面临选择太多的情况，故B选项“在你的生活中，你可能面临太多的选择”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Getawayfromthefriendsthatofferpoisonousadviceandnegativity.Thereisnoplaceforthatkindofbehavioratanystageofyourlife.(远离那些提供有害建议和消极意见的朋友。在你人生的任何阶段都不应该有这种行为)”可知，本段主要旨在说明摆脱提供有害建议和消极意见的朋友，G选项中getridof对应上文中Getawayfrom。故G选项“你应该对自己有足够的重视来摆脱这些人”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Readasmuchasyoucan.Pickupabookonanythingthatexpandsyourknowledgebase.(尽可能多读书。找一本关于任何能扩充你知识面的书)”以及后文“you'llnoticeinafewdayshowyoubegintoseethingsinadifferentway.(过几天你就会发现你开始以一种不同的方式看待事物)”可知，上文提到找一本关于任何能扩充你知识面的书，后文指出发现你开始以一种不同的方式看待事物，可知本句是在说明阅读这本书，故F选项“如果你不再花几个小时看电视，而是用这段时间来读书”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Iam19yearsold,soIunderstandjusthowmuchtimecanbewastedontechnology,especiallytheInternetandcellphones.Onceyouspendlesstimedoingthingsthataddnovaluetoyourlifeandinsteadspendthattimeenrichingyourself,yourlifebeginstoshapeandturnintoexactlywhatyouwantittobe.(我今年19岁，所以我知道在科技上可以浪费多少时间，尤其是互联网和手机。一旦你花更少的时间去做那些对你的生活没有任何价值的事情，而把时间花在充实自己上，你的生活就会开始变成你想要的样子)”可知，后文提到不要在互联网和手机上浪费时间，即“限制花在社交媒体上的时间”。故D选项“限制花在社交媒体上的时间”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据后文“It'sokaytomakemistakes.(犯错误也没关系)”可知，后文提到犯错也没关系，即不过于要求完美。故E选项“不是所有时候你都可以通过努力做到完美来实现这一点”符合语境，故选E。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。8-year-oldPicowenthomeangrilyafterschool,afterthedoorhewildlystompinghisfeet.HisfatherwasworkingintheyardandsawPico____21____.SohecalledPicoandwantedto____22____withhim.Pico'sfatherwas____23____listeningtohissonwhileworking.Picosaid,“Joaquin____24____mefeelembarrassedbeforemyfriends.Ihopehecomesacrossafewparticularly____25____luckthings.Hisfatherwenttoacorner,____26____abagofcharcoal,andsaidtoPico,Son,you____27____thewhiteshirtoverthereasJoaquin,andthebagofcharcoalassomebadluckthings.Usecharcoaltohitthewhite____28____.Imaginethateverytimeyouhitoneontheshirt,Joaquinwouldmeetwithabadluckthing.Whenyoufinish____29____allthecharcoal,see____30____willhappen.”Picothoughtthisgamewasfun.He____31____charcoaltothrowintotheshirt.____32____,theshirtwashunginthedistantrope.He____33____throwingallthecharcoal,butnotafewontheshirt.Hewastired____34____happy.Fathersawhissondidnotunderstandhisintentions,soheletPicolookinalarge____35____Whathecouldonlyseefromhisfacewaswhite____36____Thenthefathersaid,“Yousee,the____37____shirtdidnotbecomeparticularlydirty,butyouhavebecomea‘blackpeople’.Youwantalotofbadluckthings____38____others;theresultisthemostunfortunatethingfallson____39____Therefore,ourbadthoughtsmaydoapartonothers,others____40____badluck,butthestainslefttousaredifficulttoremove.21.A.angry B.happy C.tired D.frightened22.A.begin B.fight C.talk D.learn23.A.noisily B.quietly C.truly D.suddenly24.A.made B.helped C.collected D.stopped25.A.important B.good C.big D.bad26.A.invented B.found C.decided D.planted27.A.sell B.notice C.regard D.cover28.A.door B.fence C.shirt D.wall29.A.burying B.carrying C.burning D.hitting30.A.what B.which C.that D.how31.A.gavein B.tookoff C.putaway D.pickedup32.A.However B.Therefore C.Though D.Thus33.A.minded B.forgot C.allowed D.finished34.A.so B.but C.or D.as35.A.bag B.rope C.mirror D.yard36.A.eyes B.teeth C.ears D.hair37.A.white B.yellow C.red D.blue38.A.below B.up C.under D.on39.A.itself B.yourself C.herself D.himself40.A.enjoy B.choose C.suffer D.want【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.D32.A33.D34.B35.C36.B37.A38.D39.B40.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了8岁的Pico因为朋友让自己出丑，就希望别人倒霉，结果父亲让Pico把衬衫想象成朋友，朝着衬衫扔木炭，扔完之后发现衬衫并没有特别脏，自己的脸却黑了，父亲借此告诉Pico想给别人带来很多厄运，结果是最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。所以，我们的坏想法可能会对别人造成部分影响，别人会遭遇厄运，但留给我们的污点很难消除。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲正在院子里干活，看到Pico很生气。A.angry愤怒的；B.happy快乐的；C.tired疲惫的；D.frightened害怕的。呼应上文“Picowenthomeangrily”指看到Pico在生气。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是他叫Pico，想和他谈谈。A.begin开始；B.fight战斗；C.talk谈话；D.learn学习。根据后文“listeningtohissonwhileworking”可知父亲在和Pico交谈。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pico的父亲一边工作一边安静地听着他的儿子说话。A.noisily吵闹地；B.quietly安静地；C.truly真实地；D.suddenly突然。结合后文“listeningtohissonwhileworking”可知父亲一边工作一边安静地听Pico说自己生气的原因。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Joaquin让我在朋友面前感到尴尬。A.made制作，让；B.helped帮助；C.collected收集；D.stopped停止。根据后文“mefeelembarrassedbeforemyfriends”指朋友让Pico在朋友面前尴尬，应用make+宾语+宾补。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望他遇到一些特别倒霉的事情。A.important重要的；B.good好的；C.big大的；D.bad坏的。呼应后文中“badluck”指Pico希望Joaquin遇到一些特别倒霉的事情。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲走到一个角落，发现了一袋木炭，对Pico说：“儿子，你把那边的白衬衫看成是Joaquin，而那袋木炭则是一些不祥的东西。”A.invented发明；B.found找到，发现；C.decided决定；D.planted种植。根据后文“abagofcharcoal”指发现一袋木炭，应用found。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲走到一个角落，发现了一袋木炭，对Pico说：“儿子，你把那边的白衬衫看成是Joaquin，而那袋木炭则是一些不祥的东西。”A.sell出售；B.notice注意到；C.regard看作，考虑；D.cover覆盖。根据后文“thewhiteshirtoverthereasJoaquin”可知表示“把……看成是……”短语为regardsth.as。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意：用木炭打白衬衫。A.door门；B.fence栅栏；C.shirt衬衫；D.wall墙壁。呼应上文“thewhiteshirt”指用木炭打白衬衫。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你把木炭都打完后，看看会发生什么。A.burying埋葬；B.carrying搬运；C.burning燃烧；D.hitting打击。呼应上文“Usecharcoaltohitthewhite”指用木炭打衬衫。故选D。【30题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当你把木炭都打完后，看看会发生什么。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物应用what引导。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他捡起木炭扔向衬衫。A.gavein屈服；B.tookoff起飞；C.putaway放好；D.pickedup捡起。根据后文“charcoaltothrowintotheshirt”指捡起木炭扔向衬衫。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，衬衫却挂在远处的绳子上。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Though虽然；D.Thus因此。上文提到用木炭扔衬衫，后文提到衬衫却挂在远处的绳子上，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把所有的木炭都扔了，但在衬衫上却只扔了很少一部分。A.minded介意；B.forgot忘记；C.allowed允许；D.finished结束。呼应上文“Whenyoufinish”指扔完木炭。故选D。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他很累，但很高兴。A.so所以；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.as正如。上文提到很累，后文说很开心，前后为转折关系，应用but。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲见儿子不明白他的意图，便让Pico照照大镜子。A.bag包；B.rope绳子；C.mirror镜子；D.yard院子。根据后文“Whathecouldonlyseefromhisface”可知Pico从镜子里看到了自己的脸。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他只能从脸上看到洁白的牙齿。A.eyes眼睛；B.teeth牙齿；C.ears耳朵；D.hair头发。根据后文“youhavebecomea‘blackpeople’”可知Pico的脸被木炭弄黑了，只能从脸上看到洁白的牙齿。故选B。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时父亲说：“你看，白衬衫并没有变得特别脏，但你变成了一个‘黑人’。”A.white白色的；B.yellow黄色的；C.red红色的；D.blue蓝色的。呼应上文“thewhiteshirtoverthere”用木炭扔的是衬衫。故选A。【38题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：你想给别人带来很多厄运；结果是最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。A.below在下方；B.up向上；C.under在下面；D.on在上面。根据上文“Youwantalotofbadluckthings”可知指想要坏事发生在别人身上，后文“theresultisthemostunfortunatethingfallson”也是提示。故选D。【39题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：你想给别人带来很多厄运；结果是最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。A.itself它自己；B.yourself你自己；C.herself她自己；D.himself他自己。根据上文主语“Youwantalotofbadluckthings”可知此处指最不幸的事情落在了自己身上。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们的坏想法可能会对别人造成部分影响，别人会遭遇厄运，但留给我们的污点很难消除。A.enjoy欣赏；B.choose选择；C.suffer遭受；D.want想要。根据后文“badluck”可知指别人遭受厄运。故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)间读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thedaysaredividedintodayandnightformostof___41___(we).ButfortwomonthseachwinterinnorthernNorway.It'sdarkfortwenty___42___(hour)adayThereisnosunriseorsunsetbecausethesunnever___43___(get)abovethehorizon(地平线)Wouldyoulike___44___(live)indarknessforthislong?Itmayseemdifficult,butmanyNorwegianslovethebeautifulcolorsofthesemonths.Tothesoutharetheredandgoldcolorsofthehorizon.Tothenorth,___45___skyisextremelyblue.Eventhemoonandstarslookblue.Inthetowns,streetlightssh