安徽信息工程学院《大学英语》课件-Unit9

1Unit9VoicingYourViews安徽信息工程学院《大学英语》2Lead-in

Groupwork:reflect&shareGroupreport:somethingyouneedtoknowtoenjoyyourcollegelifeTen“Cs”EssentialforCollegeStudents3VoicingYourViewsDaydreamingTestresult-orientedPeer-paralyzedSelf-centeredWell-spoiltIll-manneredIll-temperedIll-advisedFailuretolaunchHowwouldyoufeel?Howwouldyourespond?Howwouldyoureacttosuch

comments?4

TheCommencementSpeechYou’llNeverHearByJacobNeusnerIn-classReadingPassage15

Commencementisaceremonyatwhichuniversity,college,orhighschoolgraduatesaregiventheirdegreesordiplomas.Atacommencementallthegraduateswearspecialrobesandcaps,andusuallythereareseveralspeeches.Asthetitlesuggests,thiscommencementspeechwasneverdeliveredattheuniversitygraduationceremony.CommencementSpeech6NowlistenandunderlineProfessorNeusner’sviewpointsor吐槽something

aboutcollegestudentsatBrownUniversity.

TheCommencementSpeechYou’llNeverHearThemessageProf.Neusnerpassestothegraduates.(Para.1)Wetakenoprideinoureducationalachievementbecausewehaveinadequatelypreparedstudentsfortherealworld.Reasons:AtBrown,duringthefouryears,studentshaveformedthebeliefthatfailureleavesnorecord,whileintherealworldfailuremarksyou.Twodifferentattitudestowarderrors.(Para.2)AtBrown,studentsdefendtheirerrorsbyarguingabout:Intherealworld,graduateshadbetternotdefendtheirerrorsbutlearnfromthem.A.whytheirerrorswerenoterrors;B.whymediocreworkwasexcellent;C.whytheycouldtakeprideintheirpoorpresentation.Collegeisanall-forgivingworld.(Para.3-5)Nomatterwhatslighteffortstudentsmade,theycouldmeetthedemand.A.

Whenstudentsbrokeappointments,professorsmakenewones.B.Whenthedeadlinewasmissed,professorspretendednottocare.C.Boringtalkswereconsideredtobeimportant.D.Unlaboredwritingwascommentedon.E.Dullstudentsweretreatedasiftheyweresmart.Thereasonwhyprofessorsdidallthiswasnotthat

theywantedtobelikedbystudents,butthat

professorsdidnotwanttobebothered

andpretensewas

theeasywayout.Collegehasdeprivedstudentsofadequatepreparationfortherealworld.Prof.Daniel’sviewpoint.(Para.6)Theendofthespeech.(Para.7-8)Conclusion:Onthiscommencementday,weprofessorshavenothingtotakepridein.B.Adviceforgraduates:a.Don’tacttowardyourco-workersandbossesasyouhaveactedtowardus.b.Gotolifeandunlearnthelieswehavetaughtyouhere.12Reactions&ResponsesHetoldthehonesttruth.Itsurprisesmethatsomeoftheprofessorsarenicetostudentsonlytogetridofthem.Somehow,Ithinkstudentsdeservemorethanthis.AllIcantellhimisjustwaitandseeyourmisjudgment.Wearegoingtogetsomewherewhetheryoubelieveitornot.Freak/Weird/PervertedNeusner,youaretalkingnonsense/bullshit.13Reactions&ResponsesWhenyouarearguingfor/againstsomeone’spointofview,besuretoavoidfalse/faultycause(错误归因)hastygeneralization(草率结论)redherring(转移话题)adhominem(人身攻击)bandwagon(从众效应)slipperyslope(滑坡谬误)Pleaseargueonthebasisofevidence/instances/facts/examples.14In-classReadingPassage2College:AnAll-forgivingWorld?ByIdaTimothee15Grade-pointAverageGradingineducationistheprocessofapplyingstandardizedmeasurementsofvaryinglevelsofachievementinacourse.Gradescanbeassignedinletters(forexample,A,B,C,D,orF),asarange(forexample1to6),asanumberoutofapossibletotal(forexample100),orasdescriptors(excellent,great,satisfactory,needsimprovement).TheGPAiscalculatedbytakingthenumberofgradepointsastudentearnedinagivenperiodoftimedividedbythetotalnumberofcreditstaken.16

NowdoshadowreadingandunderlineTimotheee’sviewpointsor吐槽something

aboutcollegelifeatBrownUniversity.

College:AnAll-forgivingWorld?ThepointsIdaTimothee’sgoingtoargueagainst(Para.1)A.Studentshavebeenmadetobelievethat“failureleavesnorecord”.B.Collegeisnotapreparatoryschoolforlife.IdaTimothee’scommentsonNeusner’spoints:(Para.2)A.Heknowslittleaboutstudents’collegelife.B.Heignoresthepressuresandhardtimestudentsexperienceatcollege.IdaarguesagainstNeusner’spointthatcollegeisnotpreparingstudentsforreallife.(Para.3)Duringthecollegeyears,westarttobeindependent,makecrucialdecisionsandareresponsibleforthem.A.Welearntobudgetourtimeandmoney.B.Wearetolerantenoughtosurviveinacrowdedtripleroom.C.Wemeetpeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Supportingevidence:Hercounter-examples:A.Ifyoufailatestoracourse,theteacherwon’terasethegrade.B.Ifyoudropaclass,you’llhavetotakemorecoursesnextsemester.C.LowgradesorlowGPAmeansnofinegraduateschool,nodegree.Idaarguesagainsttheso-calledstudents’beliefthatfailureleavesnorecord.(Para.4)D.Everyonehastotakemidtermsandfinals.E.

Noteachershave“pretendednottocare”

whendeadlinesarenotkept.Collegeisnot“easy,free,forgiving,attentive,comfortable,interesting,unchallengingfun”.Ida’sconclusion:(Para.5)ArgueagainstProfessorNeusnerasifyouwereIda.Studentsworkloadisveryheavy;Mostteachers/professorsarestrictandresponsible;Classattendanceisrequired,otherwisepointswillbededucted;Ourscheduleissotightthatwehavelittletimeforsportsandotheractivities;Wearerequiredtotakesomanycourses,quizzes,exams,etc.Highmarksareveryhardtoget;Ourdomitoriesarecrowdedandourcafeteriaisnotspaciousenough;Wehavetolearntotakecareofourselves.BeingIdaTimothee

HiswordsforcollegestudentsinanotherarticleTheSocialContractBetweenTeachersandStudentsWhatshouldyouaskofyourprofessors?

(1)Don’ttellmethings;letmefindoutformyself.(2)ButwhenIneedhelp,giveittome.(3)Andwhenmyworkispoor,don’ttellmeit’sgood.(4)Don’tacceptfromprofessorscomplimentswhentheyoweyoucriticism.(5)Andlovethemwhenthey’retough.Showyourselveswise,andyou’llgetprofessorswhocareaboutwhatyouknowandwhatyouwant.Whatshouldyourprofessorsaskofyou?

Don’taskmetosellyoumysubject;letmeexplainittoyou.Letmeteachit.Don’tstopworkinthemiddleofthesemester.It’seasytostartwithenthusiasm,andit’seasytoendwithcommitment.Don’tsitbackandwaittobetoldthings;staywithmeandallowthelogicofthecoursetoguideusboth;joinme,thinkwithme.BeingJacobNeusnerWendy’sresponse&comment

TRANSITIONENGAGE,EXPERIENCEANDENJOYCONNECT,COMMUNICATEANDCONSULTHELP,TIME,SPACE,CHANCEANDCHANGEConfrontingdifficultybyquittingleavesyouchanged.

(Line10-11,Passage1)leavesb.+adj./v-ed/prep.phrase:leave后可接复合宾语，表示“使……处于某种状态”。Sentence1PracticeHeleftthedoorunlockedwhenhewentoutlastnight.他昨晚出去时没锁门。Hefelttiredandlefttheproblemunsolvedlastnight.他昨天夜里感到非常疲劳,所以问题也没解出来。狐狸妈妈外出找食了，留了一屋子嗷嗷待哺的小狐狸。Thefoxmomwentoutforfood,leavingallherhungrykidswaitingathome.

因为走得匆忙，他把窗子都没关。Beinginahurry,heleftallthewindowsopen.

Despiteyourfantasies,itwasnoteventhatwewantedtobelikedbyyou.Itwasthatwedidnotwanttobebothered,andtheeasywayoutwaspretense:smilesandeasyBs.

(Line30-31,Passage1)…itwasnoteventhat…Itwasthat…

根本不是……，而是……"it"inbothcasesisusedtogiveareasonwhytheprofesssorsdoallthisandsuggestthattheremaybeotherreasons."that"conj.

引导状语从句,表明原因或理由。Sentence2他解释说，根本不是他睡过了，而是公共汽车晚了。Heexplained,itwasnotthatheoverslept.Itwasthatthebuswaslate.Practice医生非常乐意为病人提供他们想要的药物。这绝不是医生认为药是最佳治疗办法，而是医生处理病人更快的一种办法。Thedoctorsaretooreadytoprovidepatientswiththemedicinetheyrequire.Itisnoteventhatdoctorsthinkthemedicineisthebesttreatment.Itisthatthisisaquickerwayfordoctorstodisposeofpatients.NotthatI'mnotunwillingtogowithyou,butthatI'mbusynow.并不是我不愿意跟你去,而是我现在很忙。Fewprofessorsactuallycarewhetherornottheyarelikedbypeer-paralyzedadolescents,foolssoshallow

astoimagineprofessorscarenotabouteducationbutaboutpopularity.(Line47-49,Passage1)

红色的部分是此句的主句。主句谓语动词care带了一个由whether引导的宾语从句。peer-paralyzedadolescents指“那些非常在乎同龄人的评价而不会独立思考的年轻人（青少年）”。fools…popularity在句中做adolescents的同位语,其中imagine后为省略了连词that的宾语从句。carenot…but…“关心的不是……而是……”。Sentence3我们关心的不是效率而是质量。Wecarenotabouttheefficiencybutaboutthequality.他关心的不是多少人能来参加婚礼而是谁会来参加婚礼。Hecaresnotabouthowmanypeoplewillcometohiswedding,butaboutwhowillcome.PracticeManygreatpeoplecarenotabouttheirowninterestsbutabouttheinterestsofthewholehumanbeing.许多伟人关心的不是自己的利益而是全人类的利益。Ifyougetlowgrades,yourchancesofgettingintoafinegraduateschoolarealmostnone.(Line28-29,Passage2)

Sentence4"a/thechanceto+infinitive"-'chance'tendstomean'opportunity'."a/thechanceof+noun/gerund"-'chance'tendstobesimilarinthemeaningto'riskof'orpossibly'oddsof'.Chancesarethatthenewmachinewillarrivetomorrow.Beingverygoodatsciencesubjects,Istoodagoodchanceofgainninghighgrades.PracticeTheenemyhadnochanceofwinningthebattle.

Duetolackofworkexperience,herchancesofgettingthatjobareveryslim.Whenthegoinggetstough,the

toughhavetogetdowntoworkbecause,unlikewhatNeusnerbelieves,collegedoesnotgive“painless”solutionstomistakes.

(Line31-33,Passage2)

Thefirsthalfofthewholesentencemeans:Whenthesituationgetsdifficultforthestudents,eventhestronghardworkingoneshavetostartworkinghard.Hereitisatwistedformoftheexpression"Whenthegoinggetstough,thetoughgetgoing."Sentence5gothrough(Line13,Para.2ofPassage2)尽管经历过艰难的岁月，他依旧保持着乐观的心态。

Bothcountrieshavegonethroughthe

economicdepressions.两个国家都经历过那次经济萧条。TranslationAlthoughhavinggonethroughhardtimes,hestillkeptanoptimisticmind.

Phrases&Expressionspopintoone’smind

(Line17,Para.3ofPassage2)

TranslationThosepasteventsinherchildhoodpoppedintohermindagain.

看到那张老照片，一连串熟悉的名字涌现到他的脑海中。Seeingtheoldpicture,astringoffamiliarnamespoppedintohismind.那些童年的往事再次跃入她的脑海之中。Phrases&Expressionsgetawaywith

(Line25,Para.3ofPassage2)不要试图欺骗警方，你注定难以逃脱(惩罚)。Don’ttrytodeceivethepolice;youwillnevergetawaywithit.

Translation他是如何侥幸地欺骗了他的同事的？Howdidhegetawaywithcheatinghiscolleagues?

他从公司偷走了几千美金，还居然蒙混过了关。Hestolethousandsofdollarsfromthecompany—andgotawaywithit.Phrases&Expressionsforthesakeof(Line37,Para.6ofPassage1)Becauseof;outofconsiderationfor;intheinterestof.DerivedtermsforGod'ssake(用以加强请求的语气)看在上帝面上;务请(forheaven'ssake/forgoodness'sake/formercy'ssake/forChrist'ssake)forsafety'ssakeforthesakeofconvenienceforthesakeofjusticeartforart'ssakePhrases&ExpressionsLookupyourowndictionaryandfindhowtousethefollowingwords(insentences)approprietly.ill-asaprefixgo&goingbudgetdeservetoughdueWordPowerIt’s

ill-advisedforyoutobelievewhatthatstrangersaid.ill-advised(Line17,Para.2)你真是没脑子，竟然会相信那个陌生人的话。Translation她太没脑子了，以至于会在几天前上了一条陌生的手机短信的当。Shewassoill-advisedthatsheswallowedthebaitinastrangeshortmessageseveraldaysago.

adj.notsensibleorwise

没脑筋的,不明智的“ill-”isaddedtowords,especiallyadjectivesandpastparticiples(过去分词),toaddthemeaning“badly”or“inadequately”前缀ill一般与形容词和过去分词搭配使用，意为“糟糕的”或“不充分的”。Exampleill-informed

(line37,Para.6,Passage1)意为“notknowingaboutsomething”(无知的)ill-mannered无礼貌的，举止粗鲁的ill-bred没有教养的,粗野的ill-fated走恶运的,注定倒霉的ill-judged判断失当的，时机不当的ill-natured脾气坏的，不厚道的ill-timed不适时的，不合时宜的going他是我在碰到困难时可以依靠的人。HeisthemanIcandependonwhenthegoinggetstough.她不到25岁就当上公司主管，发展得真不错！Shewasacompanydirectorbeforeshewas25;that’snotbadgoing.Examplen.rateofprogress,travel,etc.

进展的速度，进行情况动词go

的主要短语包括Findmorebylookingupyourowndictionary!goafter(v.)追逐,追求goagainst(v.)反对,违反；不利于goby(v.)(从...旁)走过；依照；顺便走访godown(v.)下去,下沉,坠落,下降,；平静下来,被咽下；被接受；传下去gointo(v.)进入,加入；探究；变得goout(v.)出去；熄灭；过时；罢工；倒塌budget(Line20,Para.3ofPassage2)v.tomakeplansforthecarefuluseof(money,time,etc.)inawaythatwillbringmostadvantage

预算、安排、计划(开支，时间等)Pleasecompletethefollowingsentences.ExerciseSupergirlZhouBichan