中考英语教材基础练第二部分人与社会话题15公共秩序与规则课件

第二部分人与社会中考英语•教材基础练话题15公共秩序与规则第86练微语境词汇运用一、词汇运用

A)根据汉语或首字母提示填空。1.Lookatthesign.

(吸烟)isn’tallowedhere.

2.Weshouldtryourbesttodosomethinggoodtoour

(社会).

3.It’s

(重要的)forustolearnEnglishwell.

答案1.Smoking

2.society3.important此处为句型"Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.",意为"对某人来说做某事是……的",该句型中的形容词表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。

[拓展]具有类似用法的形容词还有difficult,easy,dangerous等。4.Lastnight,Icalled120whenIsawamanhurtbadlyinacar

(事故).

5.Please

(跟随)me,anddon’trunaround.Whenyouarehere,youmust

(遵守)theruleshere.

6.Thismuseumisfreetoe

,andyoucanstayhereallday.

7.Ifyougorockclimbing,youhavetowearp

clothes.

答案4.accident[拓展]常用搭配:atrafficaccident交通事故;byaccident意外地。5.follow;follow/obey

6.enter

7.proper

8.Don’tf

.Youtwoshouldbefriendlytoeachother.

9.—Sir,stopherenow.CouldIseeyourdriver’sl

?

—OK,hereyouare.10.Thelastbuslefttenminutesago.Hehadnoc

buttowalkhome.

答案8.fight9.license

driver’slicense意为"驾驶证"。10.choice

havenochoicebuttodosth.意为"除了做……没有别的选择"。

B)用所给词的适当形式填空。11.Goingthrougharedlightis

(danger).Youshouldn’tdothat.

12.Yourfatherissleepinginthebedroom.Pleasestop

(talk).

13.

(sudden),adogrushedoutofthehouse.

答案11.dangerous根据句意"闯红灯是危险的"可知,be动词后需跟形容词dangerous。[拓展]go/drivethrougharedlight意为"闯红灯"。12.talking

stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事;stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事。结合语境可知此处应填talking。13.Suddenly此处应用副词修饰整个句子,故填Suddenly。14.Wehaveto

(wear)schooluniformsonMondays.

答案14.wear

haveto"不得不",为情态动词,后面需用动词原形,故填wear。易混辨析dress意为"穿;给……穿衣",常用词组:dresssb./oneself给某人/自己穿衣服wear意为"穿;戴",强调穿、戴的状态。如:wearahat/coat戴着帽子/穿着外套puton意为"穿上",强调穿、戴的动作。反义短语为takeoff"脱掉,摘下"(be)in意为"穿着",in+衣服/颜色,强调穿、戴的状态。如:agirlinred穿着红衣服的女孩dress/wear/puton/(be)in的区别15.Youcan’tbe

(noise)intheclassroom.

16.Wemustweartheseatbeltbeforestartingthecarbecauseit’satrafficrule.Anyway,

(safe)isthemostimportant.

17.Topreventthediseasefrom

(spread),thegovernmenthasdonealot.

答案15.noisy根据空前的be动词和句意可知此处需填形容词noisy。16.safety根据设空后的is可知,设空处需填名词作主语,safe的名词形式是safety。17.spreading此处为preventsth.fromdoingsth.用法,故填spreading。

C)用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。18.Weare18yearsold,soweshould

.

19.Ifyou

,youwillbepunished.

答案18.makeourowndecision

19.breaktherulesbestrictwith

makeone’sowndecisionlookout

keepawayfrom

breaktherules20.Weshould

ourselvessothatwecouldbeabetterpersoninthefuture.

21.

!Thebusiscomingtowardsusfast.

22.Allchildrenmust

waterandfiretokeepsafe.

答案20.bestrictwith

21.Lookout

22.keepawayfrom二、易混辨析▲managetodosth./trytodosth.23.Weareexcitedthatwe

tosolvethemathproblemtogetherintheend.

24.I

tosolvethemathproblem,butIfailed.

答案23.managed

24.tried易混辨析managetodosth./trytodosth.managetodosth.设法做成某事(强调结果)(=succeedindoingsth.)trytodosth.尽力做某事(强调动作)▲allowdoingsth./allowsb.todosth.25.我父母不允许我晚上出去。

26.我们不允许在教室吃饭。

答案25.Myparentsdon’tallowmetogooutatnight.26.Wedon’talloweatingintheclassroom.积少成多allow的用法allowallowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事be(not)allowedtodosth.(不)被允许做某事▲bring/take27.—Don’t

foodordrinkstotheclassroom,Jim.Thisisarule.

—Sorry,Mr.Jones.Iwon’tdothat.28.Pleasehelpme

thelettertothepostoffice,Mr.Liu.

答案27.bring

28.take/totake妙辨异同bring/take/get/carry词汇用法用法图示bring意为"带来,拿来",强调把人带来或物从别处带到说话处来。带来←take意为"带走,拿走",强调把人或物从说话处带到别处去。带走→get意为"去取来,去拿来",强调有往返的过程。去取→←carry意为"携带,扛,搬运",没有方向性,但常含有负重的含义。搬走↑▲regretdoingsth./regrettodosth.29.Weregret

(miss)thechancetovisitParis.

30.Iregret

(say)thatIcan’thelpyou.

答案29.missing

30.tosay[点拨]regrettodosth.意为“对做……感到遗憾”,指事情还未做。regretdoingsth.意为“后悔做了某事”,指事情已经做了。第87练教材句型迁移一、教材句型仿写1.[人教七下Unit4,SectionA2d,P20]Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniforms.

仿写:为了我们的安全,每个人都得遵守交通规则。

2.[人教九全Unit7,SectionA1a,P49]Studentsshouldnotbeallowedtohavepart-timejobs.

仿写:我认为青少年应该被允许穿自己喜欢的衣服。

答案1.Everyonehastoobey/followthetrafficrulesforoursafety.2.Ithinkteenagersshouldbeallowedtoweartheclothestheylike.3.[人教九全Unit7,SectionB2b,P54]TheyalwaystalkaboutwhatwillhappenifIdon’tsucceed.

仿写:他不知道如果他没能进入一所好高中将会怎么样。

4.[人教九全Unit7,SectionA4b,P52]However,inmostAsiansocieties,itisnotcommonforteenagerstomoveout.

仿写:在图书馆保持安静很有必要。

答案3.Hedoesn’tknowwhatwillhappenifhedoesn’tenteragoodseniorhighschool.4.It’sverynecessarytokeepquietinthelibrary.5.[外研九上Module5,Unit3,P39]Ifanystudenthasahighfever,sendhim/hertotheschooldoctoratonce.

仿写:如果你不同意我的观点,请告诉我。

答案5.Ifyoudon’tagreewithme,pleasetellme.二、高级句型转换6.Theparentsdon’twantchildrentoplaycomputergames.(用keep...from...进行转换)高级句型:

。7.Youwillrealizetheimportanceofhealththen.(用Onlythen...进行转换)高级句型:

。答案6.Theparentskeepchildrenfromplayingcomputergames.7.Onlythenwillyourealizetheimportanceofhealth.8.Weshouldencourageteenagerstodosomevoluntarywork.(用被动语态进行转换)高级句型:

。9.Wecan’tgettoclasslate,andwecan’truninthehallway,either.(用neither...nor...进行转换)高级句型:

。答案8.Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtodosomevoluntarywork.9.Wecanneithergettoclasslatenorruninthehallway.10.Myparentssupportmyhobbiesverymuch.(用havenothingagainst...进行转换)高级句型:

。答案10.Myparentshavenothingagainstmyhobbies.三、补全对话根据对话内容,从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有两个为多余选项。A:Hi,Eric!HaveyouwatchedCCTV

News?B:Notyet!Anythingspecial?A:It’sreportedthatafamoustoycompanyproducedsomeunsafetoys.11.

B:Whatbadnews!It’snotallowedtodoso.A:Thegovernmenthaveshutdownthecompany.12.

B:Iagreewithyou.Thesafetyofchildrenisveryimportant.A:Yes.13.

B:Firstly,thegovernmentshouldmakesaferulesfortoys.A:Theneveryonecanknowtheimportanceoftherules.14.

B:Secondly,acompanyshouldberesponsibleforitsproducts.A:It’sveryimportant.15.

B:Yes.Ifeverycompanydoeswell,childrenwillhavesafetoys.A:Youareright!A.Andtheymustobeytherules.B.Theirmaterialsareharmfultochildren’shealth.C.Butwhatshouldpeopledotostopit?D.Howdoesthegovernmentdealwithit?E.Itproducedmanydifferentkindsoffood.F.Theyshouldbepunishedfortheirbehavior.G.Thecompanymustfollowstrictruleswhenitproducestoys.答案11—15

BFCAG第88练重点语法复习一、单项选择1.[2021重庆中考B卷改编]Youcanborrowthisbook,butyou

returnitbytheendofthisterm.

A.may B.can C.must D.will2.[2021自贡中考改编]

Itakeaseathere?Thereisnoseatleftexceptthisone.

A.Can B.MustC.Should D.Will答案1.C根据句意"你可以借这本书,但你必须在本学期期末前归还"和but可知选C。2.A根据语境可知设空处表示征求对方的许可,故选A。3.[2021宜春月考]Asmiddleschoolstudents,we

followthepublicruleswhereverwego.

A.would B.shouldC.might D.could4.Respectingparentsandteachersisakindofgoodaction.We

talkbacktothem.

A.won’t B.maynotC.needn’t D.shouldn’t答案3.B句意:作为中学生,无论走到哪,我们都应该遵守公共规则。根据句意可知选B。4.D句意:尊重父母和老师是一种良好的行为。我们不应该跟他们顶嘴。根据句意可知选D。

5.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I’mafraidwe

.That’sthetrafficrule.

A.can B.mayC.haveto D.need答案5.C根据答语中的Yes和"That’sthetrafficrule"可知选C。6.[2022南京鼓楼区期末]—Theappleslooksolovely.Canwepicksome?—Betternot.It’snotharvesttimenow.Just

themtheretilltheyturnred.

A.leave B.toleaveC.leaving D.left7.Childrenunder12yearsold

toridesharedbikes.It’sdangerous.

A.shouldn’tallow B.shouldallowC.shouldn’tbeallowed D.shouldbeallowed答案6.A分析句子结构可知此处为祈使句。根据题干中的"Betternot.It’snotharvesttimenow"可知,设空处是说把它们留在树上吧。祈使句肯定句式用动词原形,故选A。7.C根据题干中的"那太危险了"可知,此处应为"不应该被允许",故选C。二、用所给词的适当形式填空8.Wemustnot

(touch)theoldthingsonshow.

9.Ifheislatefortheexam,hecan’t

(allow)totaketheexam.

10.Bob,

(stop)talkinginclass.Whynotlistentotheteacher?

11.Studentsshould

(educate)toprotectwildanimals.Manyofthemareindanger.

答案8.touch

9.beallowed

10.stop

11.beeducated三、根据所给要求完成句子12.Youcan’tlistentomusicatthemeeting.(改为祈使句)

13.Peopleshouldplantmoretreestosaveourplanet.(改为被动语态)

答案12.Don’tlistentomusicatthemeeting.13.Moretreesshouldbeplantedbypeopletosaveourplanet.14.Youneedn’tfinishalltheworktoday.(改成同义句)

15.Couldyoumovethedeskaway,please?(改为祈使句)

16.[2022上海徐汇区模拟改编]Wemustteachourstudentssomenecessarylivingskills.(改为被动语态)

答案14.Youdon’thavetofinishalltheworktoday.15.Movethedeskaway,please./Pleasemovethedeskaway.16.Ourstudentsmustbetaughtsomenecessarylivingskillsbyus.四、语法填空

Asamiddleschoolstudent,Ihavemanyrulesathome.Iwilltellyousomeofthem.Firstofall,Iamnotallowedtochoosemyownclothes,becausemyparentsthinkI17.

paymoreattentiontomyschoolwork.ButIthinkI’moldenoughtomakemyowndecision.Secondly,I18.

havemyearspierced.Thirdly,I19.

gethomebefore8:00p.m.andgotobedbefore10:00p.m.Theythinkitisdangeroustohangoutaloneonthestreetatnight.Tobehonest,I’mwillingtofollowsomeofthemthroughcommunicatingwithmyparents.Afterall,nothingcan20.

(finish)withoutrulesorstandards.

答案17.should/need

18.can’t

19.haveto

20.befinished第89练话题语篇拓展Passage1话题:校规的重要性建议用时:7分钟

[2021河北中考]Everyschoolhasrulesforstudentstofollow.However,somestudentsmayseethe

1

asawayinwhichteacherscontrolthem.Sometimes,they’reunhappyandevenfeel

2

.Well,ifyouthinkyourlifeishard,youmightthinkaboutthe

3

inancienttimes.Forsomeofthem,lifewasreallyhard.

Intheolddays,peoplebelievedthatteachershadtobevery

4

andhadtherighttopunishthestudents.Parentsdidn’tmindifteacherspunishedtheirchildrenwhentheirchildrendidn’tdowhattheywere

5

todo.Often,thestricterateacherwas,themoreparentsthoughtheorshewasagoodteacher.

Infact,followingschoolrulescanbeveryimportant.Forexample,runninginthehallwayscouldcauseastudentto

6

.Itmayhurthimselforanotherperson.Followingtherulescanalsohelpthestudentsintheclassroomtolearn

7

difficulty.Inclass,ateachermayaskstudentstoraisetheirhands

8

theyspeak.Ifsomeonespeaksoutofturn,otherstudentsmightnotbeabletoheartheteacher

9

.Schoolrulescanhelpstudentspreparefortheirownfuturesaswell.Whenthey

10andgooutontheirown,they’llsoonfindthattheystillneedtofollowrules.

Rulesmaketheworldmuchbetter.Iftherearenorules,lifewillbemeaninglessandindisorder.

1.A.rules B.excusesC.facts D.examples2.A.relaxed B.angry C.excited D.good3.A.doctors B.parentsC.teachers D.students4.A.kind B.clever C.strict D.careful5.A.told B.heard C.invited D.watched6.A.comeout B.falldownC.moveon D.passby7.A.about B.from C.except D.without8.A.because B.thoughC.before D.unless9.A.clearly B.luckily C.quickly D.politely10.A.hurryup B.lookupC.growup D.dressup

【短文大意】本文主要论述了校规的重要性。规则使世界更加美好,如果没有规则,生活将没有意义,混乱无序。1.A

rule规则,规章;excuse借口;fact事实;example例子。根据上文中的"Everyschoolhasrules"可知,此处是说,然而,一些学生可能将这些校规视为老师控制他们的一种方式。故用rules。

2.B

relaxed放松的;angry生气的,愤怒的;excited激动的;good好的。根据设空前的unhappy及"andeven"可知此处是说,他们甚至会感到愤怒。故用angry。3.D根据下文的内容可知,下文讲述了古代学生接受老师管教的情况。故students符合文意。4.C

kind友好的;clever聪明的;strict严格的;careful认真的。根据下文中的"thestricterateacherwas,themoreparentsthoughtheorshewasagoodteacher"可知,在过去,人们认为老师必须要非常严厉。故用strict。解题技巧——完形填空之利用复现信息解题在完形填空中,有些试题的答案会在上下文中重复出现。在做题之前,学生最好先浏览一遍文章和选项,尤其是空前和空后的内容,可能会得到一些提示。高分技法答案解题技巧——完形填空之寻找暗示信息完形填空中有些题目需要进行逻辑推理,利用语篇暗示是解答此类题目的关键。学生在做题时,要把每个空白处与前后句的意思联系起来理解,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。设空前后通常有暗示,多表现为后文暗示前文。高分技法5.A当孩子们没有按照老师告诉他们的去做事情时,如果老师惩罚孩子,父母不会介意。tell告诉;hear听到;invite邀请;watch观看,注视。故所缺的词是told。6.B

comeout出现,出版;falldown跌倒;moveon继续前进;passby经过。根据设空后的"Itmayhurthimselforanotherperson"可知,在走廊里奔跑可能会导致学生跌倒。故选B。7.D下文提到在课堂上,老师可能会要求学生在发言前先举手。如果有学生在上课时随便讲话,其他学生可能就会听不清老师说的话。由此可推知,遵守规则也能帮助学生在教室里顺利地学习,withoutdifficulty意为"轻而易举地",符合文意。8.C结合常识可知,此处是说,在课堂上,老师可能会要求学生们在发言之前先举手,故用before"在……之前"。9.A根据上文中的"speaksoutofturn"可推知,其他学生可能会(因为课堂嘈杂)听不清老师说的话,故clearly"清晰地,清楚地"符合文意。

10.C

hurryup快点;lookup查阅,向上看;growup长大;dressup打扮。根据上文中的"Schoolrulescanhelpstudentspreparefortheirownfutures"及设空后的"gooutontheirown"可知,此处表示"当他们长大时"。故选C。outofturn的用法outofturn意为"不依顺序地,不遵守轮次地",与inturn"轮流"互为反义词。speak/talkoutofturn意为"说话出格"。用法示例:Thechildrencalledouttheirnamesinturn.孩子们逐一自报姓名。Excusemeforspeakingoutofturn,butIdon’tbelieveyouaretreatinghimfairly.请原谅我不合时宜地发言,但是我认为你没有公正地对待他。拓展提升Passage2话题:中学生守则和行为规范建议用时:8分钟

[2021宜春模拟改编]Newrulesandstandardsofbehaviorformiddleschoolstudentshavecomeout.Whoarethemostexcellentstudents?Middleschoolsuseanewwaytodecidethat.Thebeststudentswon’tonlyhavegoodgrades.Theywillalsobekidswhodon’tdye(给……染色)theirhair,smokeordrink.Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules.

Haveyouevercopiedothers’workduringanexam?Don’tdoitagain.That’snotwhatanhoneststudentshoulddo.Ifyouplayedcomputergamesfortwohoursinyourroom,don’ttellyourparentsyouweredoingyourhomework.

Domoreatschool.Goodstudentsloveanimalsandcareaboutothers.PeopleattachgreatimportancetoBird-LovingWeekinChina.Isyourschooldoinganythingtocelebrate?Youshouldjoin!Thatway,youcanlearnmoreaboutbirdsandlearnhowtoprotectthem.Andwhenyourclassmatesareintrouble,remembertogivethemahand.Youknowafriendinneedisafriendindeed.

UsetheInternetcarefully.Trytokeepawayfromwebpagesthatarebadforyou.Findgoodwebsitesandusethemforhomework.Beopentothenewideas.Haveyoueverthoughtthatpeoplecouldliveonthemoon?Maybeyoucandiscoveranewplanetsomeday.Don’tlookdownonnewideas.Youshouldwelcomethembecausenewideascanmakelifebetter.11.Howmanyrulesarementionedinthepassage?A.Three. B.Four.C.Five. D.Six.12.Choosethebestsentencetofillintheblank"

"inParagraph2.

A.Tellthetruth.B.Don’tcopyothers’work.C.Neverplaycomputergames.D.Doyourhomeworkcarefully.13.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?

14.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Don’tcheatintheexamB.ThemostexcellentteachersC.HelpprotecttheanimalsD.Somenewrulesandstandardsofbehavior答案【短文大意】本文介绍了一些新的中学生规则和行为标准。11.B细节理解题。根据第二至第五段的内容可知文中提到了4项规则,故选B。12.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的"That’snotwhatanhoneststudentshoulddo"和"don’ttellyourparentsyouweredoingyourhomework"可推知选A。13.A篇章结构题。第一段引出话题;根据第一段的"Thefollowingaresomeofthenewrules"可知,第二、三、四、五段分别讲了四条新规则。故本文属于总分结构,故选A。14.D标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一些新的中学生规则和行为标准,故D项最适合作为本文的标题。Passage3话题:班规建议用时:6分钟

[2021太原期中]Onedayafterschool,threestudentssitaroundadeskwiththeirteacherMr.Wang.Theyaremakingsomenewrulesfortheirclass.Herearetheirideas.

XiaoLi:

It’simportantforustodoeyeexercisesverycarefullyeveryday.Thestudentswhodoeyeexerciseswellinamonthcangetapenoranotebookasaprize.

XiaoChen:

IwanttomakeaclassrulethateveryonecanweartheirownclothesonFridays.Wearingdifferentclothesisawaytoshowourpersonalities(个性).

XiaoLiu:

Ithinkthemostimportantruleforourclassshouldbethis:don’tstayintheclassroomduringbreaktime.Ourstudylifeatschoolcanbequitestressful(压力重的).Butmanyofusstayintheclassroomafterclass.Wecangototheschoolparkortheplayground.Weneedtousebreaktimetohavearestandrelaxourselves.15.Whatarethesestudentsdoing?

16.PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.

17.WhydoesXiaoChenthinkstudentsshouldweartheirownclothesonFridays?

18.Wherecanstudentsgotorelaxduringbreaktime?

19.Whatrulesdoyouhaveinyourschool?(OneruleisOK.)

答案【短文大意】本文主要介绍了三名学生对制定新班规的看法。15.Theyaremakingsomenewrulesfortheirclass.16.每天很认真地做眼保健操对于我们来说是重要的。17.Becauseit’sawaytoshowtheirpersonalities.18.Theycangototheschoolparkortheplayground.19.Ican’tbelateforschool./Imustweartheschooluniform./...第90练话题书面表达SectionA假设你是李华,现就读于某寄宿制中学。你的室友王明经常违反寝室(dormitory)规定,如不整理床铺、休息时间大声接打电话、未经许可动用他人物品、离开寝室不关灯等。为了提醒他改正这些不良习惯,请你写一封信给他,对他进行规劝。要求:(1)包含以上所有要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;(2)字数80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);(3)信中不得出现真实的学校名和地名。DearWangMing,