中考英语教材基础练第三部分人与自然话题18环境保护课件

第三部分人与自然中考英语•教材基础练话题18环境保护第104练微语境词汇运用一、词汇运用

A)根据汉语或首字母提示填空。1.Sharedbikescanhelppeopletravelfreelyincitieswithout

(污染).

2.Inthepastfewyears,Chinahasmadegreatachievementsin

(保护)theenvironment.

答案1.pollution句意:共享单车可以帮助人们在城市中自由出行而不造成污染。根据语境和前面的without可知此处应填名词pollution。[提醒]pollution为不可数名词。2.protecting句意:在过去的几年里,中国在保护环境方面取得了巨大成就。根据设空前的in可知此处应用protecting。3.Allther

needstobesortedandthrownintodifferentbins.

4.Wouldyoumindnotmakingan

?Mybabyissleeping.

5.Whatam

!Youmustputawayalltheclothesandtoysontheflooratonce!

答案3.rubbish句意:所有的垃圾都需要分类并扔进不同的垃圾箱里。4.noise句意:请你别出声好吗?我的宝宝正在睡觉。makeanoise出声。5.mess句意:真是一团糟!你必须马上把地板上所有的衣服和玩具收拾好!Whatamess!真是一团糟!

B)用方框内所给短语的正确形式填空(每个短语限用一次)。6.Thegovernmenthas

toreducelevelsofharmfulwaste.

7.Itcanbeeasilyseenthathumanactivities

theenvironment.

答案6.madelaws句意:政府已经制定了法律来减少有害废物的数量。7.haveaninfluenceon句意:显而易见,人类活动对环境有影响。throwaway

haveaninfluenceon

callonrunout

fightfor

turnoff

makelaws8.Thewastesyou

canbeusedforotherthingsiftheyareproperlyrecycled.

9.Thevolunteersaredoingtheirbestto

thefutureoftheearth.

10.Shanghaihas

allthepeoplelivinginthiscitytosorttheirgarbageintofourgroups:recyclablewaste,hazardouswaste,householdfoodwasteandresidualwaste.

答案8.throwaway句意:如果能被适当地回收利用,你扔掉的废物可以用于其他事情。throwaway意为"扔掉"。9.fightfor句意:志愿者们正在尽他们的最大努力为地球的未来而战。doone’sbesttodosth.表示"尽某人的最大努力做某事"。10.calledon句意:上海呼吁所有住在这个城市的人把垃圾分成四类:可回收物、有害垃圾、湿垃圾和干垃圾。callon意为"呼吁,号召",又根据空前的has可知填calledon。11.Don’twasteanywaterresources,orwe’ll

oftheminthenearfuture.

12.Couldyouplease

thelightswhenleavingtheroom?

答案11.runout句意:不要浪费任何水资源,否则我们将在不久的将来用完它们。runoutofsth.意为"用完,耗尽"。12.turnoff句意:离开房间时请关灯好吗?turnoff意为"关掉"。二、一词多义

根据汉语意思完成英语句子。13.Everyoneshouldplayapartin

(拯救)theearth.

14.To

(节约)energy,Dadgoestoworkbybusinsteadofdrivingacar.

答案13.saving句意:每个人都应该参与到拯救地球中来。14.save句意:为了节约能源,爸爸乘公共汽车去上班,而不开车去。15.Astoomuchuseofplasticbagshascaused

(严重的)whitepollution,ourgovernmentencouragesustouseenvironmentallyfriendlyshoppingbags.

16.Ithinkyoushouldbemore

(认真的)aboutyourschoolwork.

答案15.serious句意:由于过多使用塑料袋造成了严重的白色污染,我国政府鼓励我们使用环保购物袋。serious意为"严重的"。16.serious句意:我认为你应该更认真对待你的学校作业。三、微语篇填空

Doyouoftenlitterthegroundwithplasticbottles?Plasticpollution17.

theearth.Thereislittledoubtthatplasticpollutionisoneofthemostseriousproblemsintheworldtoday.Plasticpollutioncontinuestoincreasedaybyday.However,itseemsthatIndiahasfoundagoodwayto18.

theproblem.

Ambikapur,acityinIndia,startedthefirstrubbishcafe(咖啡馆)lastyear.Peopleareencouragedtobringtheirplastic19.

there,sotheycangetafreehotmeal.Thecafe20.

afullmealforakiloofplasticwaste."Ithasbecomewellknownfastbecauseit’srightbythemainbusstopinthecity,"saidAmbikapurMayorAjayTirkey."Therearemanypeoplecomingineveryday.Onedayawholefamilycameinwithlotsofplasticwhich21.

sevenkilos."

Thecollectedplasticwastes22.

buildroadsforthecity.Ambikapurhasalreadybuiltroadsoutofplastic.

Whatacreativewaythathelpsbothacityanditspeople!beusedto

waste

dealwithdoharmto

offer

weigh答案17.doesharmto此处是说,塑料污染对地球有害。doharmto表示"对……有害",又主语为Plasticpollution,故应用doesharmto。18.dealwith根据语境可知此处应填一个动词或动词短语,又根据常用搭配可知应填"dealwith",表示"处理"。句意:然而,印度似乎找到了一个处理这个问题的好方法。19.waste(s)这个咖啡馆鼓励人们把他们的塑料垃圾带到那里,这样他们就可以得到一顿免费的热饭。waste(s)"废物,垃圾"符合句意。20.offers这家咖啡馆提供一顿全餐来置换一千克塑料垃圾。21.weighed有一天,一家人带着7千克重的塑料走进来。

22.areusedto

收集来的塑料垃圾被用来为城市修建道路。beusedtodosth.表示"被用来做某事"。第105练教材句型迁移一、教材句型仿写1.[冀教七下Unit3,UnitReview,P46]Everyweekend,wegotothestreetandaskpeopletotakepartinaclothesdonation.

仿写:志愿者们请求人们参加保护树木的活动。

2.[冀教八下Unit8,Lesson44,P116]Environmentclubsencouragestudentstobringtheirlunchesinreusablebagsanddishes.

仿写:父母鼓励我多参加体育活动。

答案1.Volunteersaskpeopletotakepartinactivitiestoprotecttrees.2.Myparentsencouragemetojoinin/takepartinmoresportsactivities.3.[冀教八下Unit8,Lesson46,P120改编]Ifeachofusmakesasmallchangeinourlife,wecanmakeabigdifferencetoourenvironment.

仿写:这项新政策很可能对我们的环境有很大影响。

4.[译林八下Unit8,P109改编]Wedependontherichresourcesontheearthtolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectthemwisely.

仿写:对于我们来说节约能源、减少空气污染很重要。

答案3.Thenewpolicywouldprobablymakeabigdifferencetoourenvironment.4.Itisveryimportantforustosaveenergyandreduceairpollution.5.[译林八下Unit8,P117改编]Iftheresourcesareusedandthrownawaycarelessly,finallysomeofthemwillrunout.

仿写:如果垃圾总是被随意丢弃,我们社区将会变得越来越脏。

6.[沪教九下Module2,Unit3,P36改编]Inordertoprotecttheenvironment,weneedtostopcuttingdownsomanytrees,andweshoulduseasfewwoodproductsaspossible.仿写:为了减少白色污染,我们应该停止使用塑料购物袋。

答案5.Ifrubbishisalwaysthrownawaycarelessly,ourcommunitywillbecomedirtieranddirtier.6.Inordertoreducewhitepollution,weshouldstopusingplasticshoppingbags.7.[鲁教九全Unit8,SectionA2d,P58改编]Throwrubbishinthebinsandkeeppublicplacescleanandbeautifulforeveryone.

仿写:节约用电,随手关灯。

答案7.Saveelectricityandturnoffthelightsasyougoout.二、高级句型转换8.[人教九全Unit13,Tapescripts,P148改编]Peopleshouldstopridingincarsandstartridingbikestohelpprotecttheenvironment.(用besupposedto进行转换)高级句型:

。答案8.Peoplearesupposedtostopridingincarsandstartridingbikestohelpprotecttheenvironment.9.[译林八下Unit8,P108改编]InShanghai,peopleseparatedifferentthingslikeglass,plasticandpaperintodifferentgroupsandthenrecyclethem.(改为被动语态)高级句型:

。10.[沪教九下Module2,Unit3,P35改编]Weshouldonlybuyanduseproductsfriendlytotheenvironment.(改为定语从句)高级句型:

。答案9.InShanghai,differentthingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.10.Weshouldonlybuyanduseproductswhich/thatarefriendlytotheenvironment.三、补全对话根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。A:Hi,Mr.Lin.B:Hi!A:11.

?

B:Sure.Goahead.A:IknowyouareamemberofGreenClub.Doyoulikeworkingthere?B:Yes,Ihavefunworkingthere.A:12.

?

B:Fortenyears.A:13.

?

B:Ioftenhelppeopletoimprovetheenvironment.A:14.

?

B:Whenyouareatschool,youshouldcollectwastepaperorcans.A:Isee.Recyclingcanprotecttheenvironmentandsavemoney.B:15.

.Youcanalsoaskyourclassmatestodoso.

A:OK,Iwill.Thankyou.答案11.Could/MayIaskyousomequestions12.HowlonghaveyoubeenamemberofGreenClub/HowlonghaveyoubeenintheGreenClub/Howlonghaveyouworkedthere13.Whatdoyouoftendo14.WhatshallIdotoimprovetheenvironment/HowcanIimprovetheenvironment15.Youareright/It’sagoodwaytoimprovetheenvironment/...第106练重点语法复习一、将方框中的单词组合为新的单词,填入下列句中1.Canyouhearthethunder?Maybetherewillbea

.

2.Ifyoucan’tmakeitonFriday,wecaninvite

else.

答案1.thunderstorm

2.someone

ball

some

thunder

thingbasket

one

storm

any3.LiHua’sdreamistobea

player.HewantstobelikeYaoMing.

4.Thelittledoggotlostanddidn’thave

toeatforthreedays.Wemusthelpit.

答案3.basketball

4.anything二、用添加或改变前后缀的方式写出下列单词的反义词5.able

6.appear

7.important

8.possible

9.order

10.correct

11.like

12.polite

13.helpful

14.careful

答案5.unable

6.disappear

7.unimportant8.impossible

9.disorder

10.incorrect11.unlike/dislike

12.impolite

13.helpless

14.careless三、单项选择15.BeforeMr.WhitewenttoParis,he

Frenchfortwoyears.

A.willlearn B.haslearnedC.hadlearned D.waslearning16.

Iwalkedintotheclassroom,theteacherhadalreadystartedteaching.

A.Bythetime B.AssoonasC.After D.Because答案15.C句意:在怀特先生去巴黎前,他已经学法语两年了。从句用的是一般过去时,主句动作发生在从句动作之前,故用过去完成时。16.A句意:我走进教室的时候,老师已经开始讲课了。结合语境并分析句子结构可知,此处为时间状语从句;根据从句中的walked和主句中的"hadalreadystarted"可知应用Bythetime,表示"到……的时候"。17.Whenhewasintheshop,hefoundhe

hiswallet.

A.loses B.haslostC.hadlost D.wouldlose18.Bytheendoflastweek,she

inthewestofChinafortwomonthshelpingthehomelesschildren.

A.willstay B.hasstayedC.wouldstay D.hadstayed答案17.C句意:当他在商店里时,他发现自己已经丢了钱包。丢钱包发生在"发现"的动作之前,根据found可知此处表示过去的过去,应用过去完成时,故选C。18.D根据题干中的"Bytheendoflastweek"可知此处应用过去完成时,故选D。19.—Didyouwatchthemovie?—Yes,butbythetimeI

tothecinema,themovie

forseveralminutes.

A.get;hasbegunB.got;hadbeenonC.got;hadbegunD.get;hasbeenon答案19.B此处是说,我看了电影,但是当我到达电影院时,电影已经开始好几分钟了。bythetime引导时间状语从句表示过去的时间时,主句用过去完成时;又根据题干中的"forseveralminutes"可知第二空处应用延续性动词,故选B。四、根据所给要求完成句子20.Ihadsoldtheticketwhenshecame.(改为否定句)I

theticketwhenshecame.

21.Shehadsungasongtousbeforeshedanced.(对画线部分提问)

she

tousbeforeshedanced?

答案20.hadn’tsold

21.Whathad;done

22.Theybegantoclimbthemountainaftertheyhadboughtallthefoodanddrink.(对画线部分提问)

they

toclimbthemountain?

23.Ihadbeenveryhungryby10:00a.m.(改为一般疑问句)

you

veryhungryby10:00a.m.?

24.Bythetimehegottotheairport,theplanehadtakenoff.(改为同义句)

he

theairport,theplanehadtakenoff.

答案22.Whendid;begin23.Had;been

24.When;reached第107练话题语篇拓展Passage1话题:慢跑捡垃圾建议用时:10分钟

Doyouknowthepopularbodybuildingnamedplogging?Plogging,whichisacombination(混合体)ofjoggingandtheSwedish(瑞典语的)"plockaupp",meanspickinguprubbishwhileexercising.Plogging,thelatestlifestyle,willrockyourworld.Ithasalsobeentheneweco-friendlyfitnesscrazeacrosstheworld.

TheideaofploggingwascreatedbyErikAhlström,aSwedish.Hewasshockedbylotsofrubbishthereinnature.Thesame

debriscouldremainintheroadforseveralweekswithoutanyonepickingitup.Sohemadeuphismindtodosomethingtochangeit.Hestartedpickingitup.Itmadehimfeelgoodtocleanupasmallplace.Tohissurprise,stoppingtocleanuprubbishbecameahabit,thenapartofhisexerciseroutine(惯例)asheputtheactivityintohisruns.Later,otherpeoplewerejoiningin,andploggingrunsbecameofficialeventsinSweden.Theyrunwithrubbishbagsandgloves.Afterrunning,theywillhaveacompetitiontoseewhopicksupthemostrubbish.Nowadays,plogginghasattractedmorepeopletotakepart.

Asploggingrequiressomebending(弯腰)andsomestrengthtoholdalltherubbish,ahalfhourofploggingwillburn288calories(卡路里),comparedtojust235caloriesfromregularjogging.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisplogging?A.ItisakindofcharityworkwhichispopularinSweden.B.Itisthenewfitnesscrazethatisfriendlytotheenvironment.C.Itisthelatestlifestylebutitisnotsuitableforus.D.Itisanewly-createdwordfromChineseandSwedish.2.Theunderlinedword"debris"means"

".

A.plogger B.cleanerC.lifestyle D.rubbish3.ErikAhlströmcreatedtheideaofploggingbecausehewantedto

.

A.changehisbodyshapeB.cleanupasmallplaceC.keephimselffromdangerD.protectpeoplewhoarejogging4.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthelastparagraph?A.Weneedfewercaloriestocompleteplogging.B.Morecaloriesareburnttocompletejogging.C.Ploggingismoreeffectivethanjogging.D.Joggingismorepopularthanplogging.答案【短文大意】本文主要介绍了"慢跑捡垃圾"这项活动。它不仅对环境有好处,也是进行锻炼的一种好方式。1.B细节理解题。从第一段内容可知,plogging是一种受欢迎的新的环保锻炼方式。故选B。

2.D词义猜测题。根据画线词前的"Thesame"可知debris指的就是前句所说的rubbish,故选D。3.B细节理解题。

根据第二段内容可知,ErikAhlström产生慢跑捡垃圾的想法的原因是他想改变一小块地方垃圾成堆的脏乱环境。故选B。4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可以推断,plogging消耗更多的卡里路,所以更有效。故选C。

Plogging,whichisacombination(混合体)ofjoggingandtheSwedish(瑞典语的)"plockaupp",meanspickinguprubbishwhileexercising.本句包含了which引导的非限制性定语从句。plogging是一个由慢跑"jogging"和意思为"捡起来"的瑞典语"plockaupp"混合而成的词,意思是在锻炼的同时捡垃圾。难句解读Passage2话题:智能垃圾箱建议用时:10分钟

[2022海南中考改编]Doyoueverfindyourselfstandinginfrontofrubbishbins,notsurewhetherthepieceofwasteinyourhandisrecyclableornot?Tosolvethisproblem,fourHongKonghighschoolstudentshaveinventedasmartrubbishbinthatusesAItosortthewaste.ThestudentsnamedthebinWasteCollectionPoint.

Connectedtoacomputer,thebinusesacameratotellthekindofthewasteitreceivesandsortsitintoplastic,paper,glassorotherkinds.Tomakesurethebincansortwastecorrectly,theteamtestedeveryproductintheschoolshopandtookatleast500picturesofeachone."TotraintheAI,wehadtotakemanyphotosfromdifferentangles(角度),soithasabetterrateofaccuracy,"saidoneofthestudentswhobuilttheAIsystem.

Theideaofthesmartbinwasborntwoyearsago,whenthestudentswereinGradeTen.Atthattime,peoplecrowdedintotheirvillagebecauseoftheCOVID-19.Theyleftbehindalotofrubbishandcausedmorepollution.

"Allthebinswerefull,andtherewasevenrubbishonthemountain,"thestudentsrecalled."Everyweekend,wehadtojointhevillagersinpickingupthewaste."

Thestudentsdecidedtodevelopaspecialrecyclingbinthatwouldencouragepeopletoprotecttheenvironment.Althoughschoolendedat2pm,theteamwouldcontinuetoworkontheirinventionuntil6or7pmatschool.Evenwhentheirschoolwasclosedlastyear,theywouldstillmeetandworktogetheronline.

"Ourbinisnowinitsthirdgeneration(代).Beforegraduation,wehopeitcanbewidelyusedinthecity,"thestudentssaid."Thenitwillbeeasierthaneverforpeopletorecycleandprotectourenvironment."5.Accordingtothefirstparagraphweknowthe

ofWasteCollectionPoint.

A.price B.sizeC.use D.color6.Theunderlinedwords"rateofaccuracy"mean"

"inChinese.

A.精准度 B.参与度C.知名度 D.受欢迎度7.ThischartshowswhyWasteCollectionPointwasdeveloped.Whichisthemissingpart?

A.thehitoftheCOVID-19B.villagers’encouragementC.pickinguprubbisharoundD.workingontheinventionofthesmartbin8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Anewinvention.B.Fouryounginventors.C.Waystoprotecttheenvironment.D.Whentosolvetherubbishproblem.9.Howisthispassageorganized?(P=Paragraph)答案【短文大意】本文主要介绍了由四名学生发明的智能垃圾箱的相关信息。5.C推理判断题。根据"asmartrubbishbinthatusesAItosortthewaste"可知它使用人工智能对垃圾进行分类。所以根据第一段我们可以知道它的用途,故选C。6.A词义猜测题。根据"Tomakesurethebincansortwastecorrectly"和"TotraintheAI,wehadtotakemanyphotosfromdifferentangles(角度)"可知从不同的角度拍摄许多照片,是为了让人工智能的精准度更高,故选A。7.C细节理解题。第四段的第一句对应题干中的第二个框中的内容,第五段的第一句对应题干中的最后一个框中的内容,所以所缺内容应从第四段中的"Everyweekend,wehadtojointhevillagersinpickingupthewaste"进行提炼,由此可知选C。8.A主旨大意题。根据"fourHongKonghighschoolstudentshaveinventedasmartrubbishbinthatusesAItosortthewaste.ThestudentsnamedthebinWasteCollectionPoint"并通读全文可知本文主要介绍了一项新的发明——智能垃圾箱。故选A。9.B篇章结构题。第一段整体介绍智能垃圾箱,点明主题;第二段介绍智能垃圾箱的工作原理;第三、四、五段介绍四名学生发明智能垃圾箱的动机和过程;第六段介绍智能垃圾箱的升级以及四名高中生的期望。故选B。第108练话题书面表达SectionA随着经济的发展,我们的生活越来越好,但同时也出现了严重的环境问题。请以"Protecttheenvironment"为主题,按照以下要点和要求写一篇英语短文。

1.要点:1)环境污染的现状;2)环境污染产生的原因;3)你的建议。2.要求:1)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称;2)词数100左右。

文章结构指导

好词好句集锦好词:polluted;assoonaspossible;withthedevelopmentof好句:Oneofthereasonsis...Theotherreasonis...;Protectingtheenvironmentistoprotectourselves高分范文填空阅读范文,选择前面的好词好句填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。

1.

economy,ourlivesaregettingbetterandbetter.However,italsocausessomeproblems.

Theairpollutionisgettingmoreserious.Wedonotoftenseethebluesky.Manypeoplefeelillbecauseofsmog.Also,plentyofwateris2.

.Peopleinsomeareashavelittlecleanwatertodrink.Whyisthepollutionsoserious?3.

thatmanyfactoriesputwasteintolakesandrivers.4.

therapidincreaseofthenum