UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS（教学课件）高中英语人教版必修第二册

必修第二册Unit4

Historyandtraditions1.belongvi.属于;该在(某处)重

点

单

词单句填空①(2019·浙江)Thestudentsfeelthattheybelong

aparticulargroup.②Wehadtokeeptrackofour

_____(belong),andifsomethingwaslost,itwasnotreplaced.③Thebook

____(belong)toMaryissointerestingthatwealllikeit.tobelongingsbelonging

(1)belongto属于;是……的成员(2)belongingsn.所有物;财物注意

belong不可用进行时,也不可用被动语态,但常用belongingto作定语。2.surroundvt.包围;围绕单句填空①The

____(surround)townshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.②(2020·全国Ⅲ)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

____(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.③Harrytriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimself

___(surround)bythepolicemen.surrounding

surroundingsurrounded

(1)surround...with...用……包围……besurroundedwith/by被……包围(3)surroundingsn.环境3.chargevt.&vi.收费;控诉;充电;猛冲;充满n.费用;主管出下列句子中charge的含义①Peoplechargedwithkillingtheanimalswhichareprotectedbythecountrywillgetpunishment.

②(2019·全国Ⅲ)Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged.

③(2019·全国Ⅲ)It'snotworking—Idon'tthinkthebatteryischarging.

指控

收费充电

(1)chargesbwithsth因某事控告某人chargesb(money)forsth向某人索取……的费用(2)freeofcharge=forfree免费incharge(of)主管;负责;照顾inthechargeof(=inone'scharge)由某人负责;由某人管理takechargeof掌管;负责;看管

注意(1)inchargeof往往以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;inthechargeof往往以物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有inpossessionof和inthepossessionof,incontrolof和inthecontrolof等。(2)charge和accuse都有“指控;控告”之意,但是charge常与介词with搭配,而accuse常与介词of搭配。4.announcevt.宣布;宣告;声称(declare)单句填空①Attention,please!Ihaveanannouncement

(make).②Heannounced

herhisintentionofgoing.tomake

to

(1)announcesthtosb向某人宣布某事Itisannouncedthat...宣布……(2)announcementn.宣告;声明makeanannouncement发布通知;声明注意

announce后不跟双宾语,即不能说announcesbsth,但可以说announcesthtosb。类似不接双宾语的动词还有explain、say、report、describe、suggest、mention、express等。

5.amountn.数量(quantity);数目;总额(sum/total)单句填空①Consumers'spendingonsports-relateditemsamounted

￡9.75billion.②Ahugeamountofoil

(be)ontheroadyesterday,theeffectsofwhicharenotclear.③ThistypeofTVhasbeensold

largeamounts.

towasin

(1)alarge/smallamountof大/少量的large/smallamountsof大/少量的inlargeamounts大量地(2)amountvi.合计;共计amountto合计;注意

anamountof、amountsof通常修饰不可数名词,其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词的数常根据amount的单复数而定。

6.approachvt.&vi.接近;靠近;走近(getnearto);要求n.接近;方法;途径(method,way)单句填空①

___(approach)thecitycentre,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.②Allthe

___(approach)totheairportwereblockedbythepoliceyesterday.Approaching

approaches7.eageradj.热切的;渴望的(desired)单句填空①EachweekI

(eager)countedmygrowingsavingsincreasedbyextraworkhereandthere.②Iwasn'tabletohidemy

(eager)whenIasked,“Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?”③Someofuswereconfidentandeager

(take)partintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious.

eagerlyeagernesstotake

(1)beeagertodosth渴望/热心做某事beeagerforsth渴望得到某物beeagerthat...渴望……(2)eagernessn.热心;渴望(3)eagerlyadv.急切地;渴望地;热心地注意表示“渴望/盼望做某事”的短语还有beanxioustodosth、bedesperatetodosth、longtodosth、desiretodosth、lookforwardtodoingsth、bekeentodosth、bethirstytodosth等。8.crowdn.人群;一群人;民众vt.挤满;使……拥挤单句填空①Thestreetwas

____(crowd)andIcouldn'tgetthrough.②Shetriedtosleep,butthoughts

_______

(crowd)in.

crowdedcrowded

(1)crowdin(想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海;挤进becrowdedwith...挤满了……crowdinto/outof挤进/挤出crowdaround聚集在……的周围(2)acrowdof一群;一伙;一堆crowdsof成群的……;许多

1.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱短

语

句

式breakawayfrom

breaksup

brokeinto

brokeout

breakup打碎;分裂;解体;驱散;分手;结束breakdown出故障;失败;垮掉;分解;克服breakin破门而入;打断(谈话等)breakinto强行闯入;突然……起来breakout(战争、火灾等)爆发;发生(无被动语态)breakoff折断;断绝2.ifanySowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?如果它们之间有区别的话,那么区别是什么呢?注意

ifany在句中是ifthereisanydifference的省略形式。ifany为省略句式,意为“如果有的话”,if用作连词。ifso如果这样的话ifnot如果不这样的话ifever如果有过/发生过的话ifnecessary如果有必要的话ifpossible如果有可能的话3.aswellas连接两个并列成分Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.像拥有同样的货币和国防一样,他们也使用同一面国旗,被称为theUnionJack。单句填空①Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,

_____(invite)toperformattheopeningceremonyoftheFlowerExpo.②Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic,aswell

writingstories.wasinvitedas

(1)aswellas用来连接两个并列成分,强调的重点是前者;notonly...butalso...“不但……而且……”强调后者。(2)当aswellas连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词应同前面的主语保持人称和数的一致;而notonly...butalso...采用“就近原则”。4.theway后接定语从句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.他们初创了早期的英语,并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。注意句中的theway后接了省略了关系词that/inwhich的定语从句。(1)theway后面的定语从句,关系词若在从句中作状语,相当于“用这种方式/方法(=inthisway)”时,通常不用关系词,偶尔用that,在较正式的文体里才用inwhich来引导。(2)当theway在定语从句中作方式状语时,“theway+定语从句”可以用how引导的名词性从句来代替。That'sthewayhedidit.=That'showhedidit.他就是这样做的。Thewaythat/whichwasofferedbyhimtodotheexperimentwasdifferentfromthewaythatyoucarrieditout.他提供的做这个实验的方式与你的方式不同。5.havesthdoneTheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,andmadechangestothelegalsystem.他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡,并对法律制度进行了修改。

单句填空①Hehadoneofhislegs

(break)whileplayingfootball.②Ican'thaveyou

(speak)toyourmotherinarudemanner.Youmustapologizetoherimmediately.③Ican'tgowithyou,becauseIhavemuchhomework

(do).broken

speaking

todo

本句为“havesthdone”结构,此结构中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是动宾关系。(1)havesthdone使某事完成;遭遇某种(不幸的)事情havesbdosth让某人做某事havesbdoingsth允许某人做某事(常用于否定句中);使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)(2)havesthtodo有某事要做(主语自己做)havesthtobedone有某事要让别人做注意havesthdone有三种不同的含义:①请/让/叫别人(为自己)做某事。强调主语的意志;②遭遇到某种(不幸的)事情。宾语往往是受害者;③使……完成某事。此事可以是别人或自己完成的。01提升练习1.Ittookgreatcouragetobreakaway

hisfamilyat