广东省高三英语学业质量联合测评试题（含解析）

广东省2021届高三英语学业质量联合测评试题（含解析）本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分,考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANewScienceBooksinBriefVolumeControlByDavidOwen||$1823“Foradeafchild,havinghearingparentscanbeaseriousdisadvantage,"notesOweninthissensitivestudyofhearing.Hesuffersfromtinnitus.Combiningthesciencewithindividualexperiences,Owendiscusseshearingaids,signlanguage,ThomasEdisonandnoiselevelsinUScities—allinabsorbingdetail.RealityAheadofScheduleByJoelLevy||$29.04Thispicture-packedbooktoursscientificadvancessparkedbyideasinsciencefiction.Forexample,LevyshowshowH.G.Wells?s1903storyTheLandIroncladsinspiredWinstonChurchilltopromotethedevelopmentofthemilitarytank.Thetitlecomesfromadefinitionofsci-fibySydneyMead,anindustrialdesignerwidelyknownforhisdesignsforscience-fictionfilms.JetStreamByTimWoollings||$32.95Thejetstreamwasdiscoveredinthe1920s.Inthisanalysisofitscomplexinfluenceonweather,WoollingsrelateshowtheJapaneseusedthejetstreamtolaunchtrans—Pacificballoonsin1944.Today,thejetstreamisverylikelytobethreatenedbyanotherproductofhumanactivity:risingcarbondioxideemissions.AdventuresofaComputationalExplorerByStephenWolfram||$22.46StephenWolfram,designerofthetechnical-computingsystemMathematica,offersgoodstoriesinthiscollectionofbiographicalessays.Forexample,herecallshimselfasasix-year-oldspottingabitetakenoutofthesun:asolareclipse,somethingunknowntotheotherchildren.1.WhatcanwelearnfromVolumeControl?A.Thescienceofhearing. B.Practicalwaystocuretinnitus.C.ThomasEdison'sgreatinventions. D.WinstonChurchill'sgreatachievements.2.WhoprovidedinspirationforthetitleofRealityAheadofSchedule?A.JoelLevy. B.H.G.Wells.C.SydneyMead. D.TimWoollings.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouwantabookcompletelymadeupofrealstories?A.$18.23. B.$22.46. C.$29.04. D.$32.95.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】本文是应用文。本文主要对四本科学类的新书进行了介绍和宣传,包括每本书的作者、售价和内容简介。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据VolumeControl部分中“Combiningthesciencewithindividualexperiences,Owendiscusseshearingaids,signlanguage,ThomasEdisonandnoiselevelsinUScities—allinabsorbingdetail.(结合科学和个人经验，欧文讨论了助听器、手语、托马斯·爱迪生和美国城市的噪音水平——所有的细节都引人入胜)”可知,VolumeControl主要是关于听觉的科学研究。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据RealityAheadofSchedule部分中“Thetitlecomesfromadefinitionofsci-fibySydneyMead,anindustrialdesignerwidelyknownforhisdesignsforscience-fictionfilms.(这个名字来源于SydneyMead对科幻的定义，他是一位以科幻电影设计而闻名的工业设计师)”可知,书名的灵感来自SydneyMead对科幻小说的定义。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据AdventuresofaComputationalExplorer部分中“StephenWolfram,designerofthetechnical-computingsystemMathematica,offersgoodstoriesinthiscollectionofbiographicalessays.(技术计算系统Mathematica的设计师StephenWolfram在这本传记文集中提供了一些不错的故事)”以及“ByStephenWolfram||$22.46(作者：StephenWolfram||售价：美元)”可知,AdventuresofaComputationalExplorer这本书里全是发生在作者StephenWolfram身上的真实故事,符合题干中的abookcompletelymadeupofrealstories这一要求，售价为22.46美元。故选B。BThedefinitionofcommunityhasevolved(升华)formefromchildhoodtotheyoungadultIamnow.MymomwasborninAmericabutbothherparentswerefromtheBahamas.Itwastheirculturetotakecareoftheelderlyandthesick.Andmymomhastaughtmetobecaringtothosearoundusbecausewe'reallapartofthe"community",anextensionoffamily.WhenIwas9yearsold,myfamilymovedtoCapeCoral,Florida.Bothmomanddadworkedfull-time,sotheyregisteredmetoattendanafter-schoolprogramattheYouthCenter.Youthcounselors(辅导员)wouldhelpmewithmyhomeworkandplaygameswithmeandthiswaswheremyinteresttookroot.CommunityservicestartedwithmegivingbackattheYouthCenter.Thenillnessstruckathome.Mygrandmotherhadtohaveheartsurgeryandneededhospitaltreatment.ThisexperiencebroughtmetovolunteeratCapeCoralHospital.IaskedifIcouldlearnfromthenursehowtogivemygrandmahermedicineanditstartedhere.IlovedbeingatCapeCoralHospital.Iwouldbringpaperworktootherdoctors,bringfoodtothepatients,andmakesurethepatientswereattended.Iwouldhelpdirectvisitorstoseepatients.IwouldalwaystellwhatwouldcheerthepatientsupbecauseIhadbuiltarelationshipwiththemandtheirlovedones.Igrewtofeelthehospitalwasapartofmycommunity.AftervolunteeringattheYouthCenterandattheHospital,I'velearnedthatpeoplebecomesortofanextendedfamilywhenyoucareaboutthem.NowIammoreconsiderateofthoseclosetome,neighborsandevenstrangerswhosharemyresources.4.Whomightbethefirsttoexposetheauthortothesenseofcommunity?A.CounselorsattheYouthCenter.B.NursesatCapeCoralHospital.C.Hergrandparents.D.Hermother.5.Whydidtheauthor'sparentssendhertotheYouthCenter?A.Theyweretoobusytotakecareofher.B.Theywantedhertodocommunityservice.C.Theauthorcouldn'tfinishherhomeworkonherown.D.Becomingacounselorwastheauthor'schildhooddream.6WhatdidtheauthorvolunteertodofirstatCapeCoralHospital?A.Cheerthepatientsup.B.Bringfoodtothepatients.C.Helpdirectvisitorstoseepatients.D.Servemedicinetohergrandmother.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ILoveVolunteering B.CommunityIsFamilyC.MyVolunteerExperiences D.MyCommunityandMyFamily【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。作者从小就受母亲的影响,把自己当成社区的一部分。在YouthCenter和CapeCoralHospital做志愿工作的经历使作者对社区意识有了更深刻的理解。作者领悟到,社区就是家的延伸。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Andmymomhastaughtmetobecaringtothosearoundusbecausewe'reallapartofthe“community”,anextensionoffamily.”（我妈妈教导我要关心我们周围的人，因为我们都是“社区”的一部分，社区是家庭的延伸。）可知,作者从小就受母亲的影响,把自己当成社区的一部分。也就是说,第一个使作者接触到社区意识的人是作者的母亲。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Bothmomanddadworkedfull-time,sotheyregisteredmetoattendanafter-schoolprogramattheYouthCenter.”（爸爸妈妈都是全职工作，所以他们为我登记参加了青年中心的课外活动。）可知,作者的父母将作者送到YouthCenter是因为他们忙于工作而无法照顾作者。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“ThisexperiencebroughtmetovolunteeratCapeCoralHospital.IaskedifIcouldlearnfromthenursehowtogivemygrandmahermedicineanditstartedhere.”（这段经历让我成为了CapeCoral医院的志愿者。我问我是否可以从护士那里学习如何给我奶奶吃药，事情就从这里开始了。）可知,作者在CapeCoralHospital做的第一项志愿工作是喂奶奶吃药。故选D。4.主旨大意题。总结全文内容可知,作者主要讲述了自己从小受母亲的影响,之后受在YouthCenter和CapeCoralHospital做志愿工作的经历的影响,对社区的理解和认识有了升华,最后作者领悟到,社区就是家的延伸。再结合第一段最后一句“Andmymomhastaughtmetobecaringtothosearoundusbecausewe'reallapartofthe“community”,anextensionoffamily.”（我妈妈教导我要关心我们周围的人，因为我们都是“社区”的一部分，社区是家庭的延伸。）可知，本文的最佳标题可以为“社区就是家”。故选B。CAteamofconservationists(环境保护主义者)captured14LoawaterfrogsearlierthismonthinnorthernChile,awildlifegroupreported.TheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN)liststheLoawaterfrogas"criticallyendangered''.Thenot-for-profitGlobalWildlifeConservationgroupsaidthe14frogswereinpoorconditionwhentheywerediscoveredinlateJune.Theanimalsweresmallandstrugglingbecauseofalackoffoodandwater.TheLoawaterfrogsareknowntoliveonlyinasinglebodyofwaternearCalama,inChile.ThecitysitsinthemiddleoftheAtacamaDesert,wherewaterisingreatdemand.Therewaslittlewaterintheareawherethefrogswerefound,theconservationgroupreported.Thefrogs'environmenthadmostlydriedupbecausewaterisbeingtakenawayandusedforhumanactivities,thegroupsaid.Theactivitiesincludemining,agricultureandlanddevelopment."Allofthefrogshadbeenpushedintoatinypoolofmuddywater,theorganizationsaid."Theteamcollectedthelast14individualsandbroughtthemtotheNationalZooofChiletostartaconservationbreedingprogram."Zoospecialistsarecloselywatchingthesmallcreaturesandtryingtogivethemeverythingtheyneedtosurviveandbehealthy.ConservationgroupshavecalledonChile'sgovernmenttotakestepstohaltanyillegalwaterusagethatthreatensthefrogs'naturalenvironment.Theywouldalsoliketoseecreationofagovernment-supportedsheltertoprotecttheanimals.JonPaulRodriguezheadstheIUCN'sSpeciesSurvivalCommission.HesuggestedthatanemergencyplanbedevelopedtopreparetheCalamaareaforthefrogs'return."Weneedtoworkveryhardtorestoretheirenvironmentbecauseit'spointlesstobreedthemiftheydon'thaveahometogobacktointhewild,"Rodriguezsaid.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthefrogswhentheywererescued?A.Theywerelookingforfood. B.Theywereingoodcondition.C.Theywereapproachingdeath. D.Theyweremovingfornewwatersource.9.Whathasmadethesefrogsendangered?A.Lackofwater. B.Waterpollution.C.Humanhunting. D.Extremeclimate.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''halt"inParagraph5mean?A.Improve. B.Increase.C.Change. D.Stop.11.WhatdidJonPaulRodriguezsuggesthumansdoforthesefrogs?A.Keepthemhealthy.B.Recovertheirhome.C.Raisethemintheshelter.D.Preventthemlivinginthewild.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。野生动物保护人士表示,他们拯救了一种高度濒危的青蛙,这可能是世界上最后幸存下来的。本月早些时候,一组环保人士在智利北部捕获了14只水蛙。它们极度缺水，状态令人堪忧。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句“Theanimalsweresmallandstrugglingbecauseofalackoffoodandwater”（由于缺少食物和水，这些动物体型很小，挣扎着生存。）可知,这些获救的青蛙状况很差，几近死亡。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句“Thefrogs'environmenthadmostlydriedupbecausewaterisbeingtakenawayandusedforhumanactivities.”（由于水被带走用于人类活动，青蛙的生存环境几乎已经干涸。）可知,缺水使这种动物濒临灭绝，无法生存。故选A项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。由此处上文的“takestepsto”（采取措施）和下文的“anyillegalwaterusagethatthreatensthefrogs'naturalenvironment”（任何威胁到青蛙自然环境的非法用水）可知,环保组织呼吁智利政府采取措施,停止任何威胁这种青蛙自然环境的非法用水行为。由此可知，halt的意思是“停止”,与stop是同义词。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段句子“Weneedtoworkveryhardtorestoretheirenvironment”（我们需要非常努力地恢复他们的栖息地）可知,JonPaulRodriguez建议我们恢复它们的栖息地。restore和recover都有“恢复”之意。故选B项。【点睛】

DIfyouthinkofpumpkinsasanorange-coloredsquashthat'scarvedasthekeyingredientforholidayseasonpies,youwouldn'tbewrong.Butthere'smuchmoretopumpkins,whicharefullofnutrientsthatprovideanimpressivecollectionofhealthbenefits,saysLisaJones,aregistereddietitianbasedinPhiladelphia.Pumpkinsmaybegoodforcarving,butthey'reevenbetterforavarietyofhealthynutrients,shesays.“Pumpkinsprovideadiversevarietyofnutritionalbenefitsinadditiontobeinganingredientinpiesorfestivaldecoration.”Thebestpartaboutpumpkinisthatit'ssoeasytoworkitintoyourdailyfood.Whenpreparingvariousdishes,addpumpkintothingslikesoupsorbakewithitinbreads.Therearesomanythingsyoucandowithpumpkinbeyondpumpkinpie.Pumpkinsareseasonal,ripeninginfall.Butyoucangetpumpkinproducts,likecannedpureeorsoup,inmanystoresthroughouttheyear.Consumingpumpkincanhelpfightcancers,saysMahmoudGhannoum,professoranddirectorinamedicalcenter.Pumpkinshaveplentyofbetacarotene,whichisanantioxidant,playinganimportantroleinprotectingthebodyfromcancers.Pumpkinisagoodsourceofminerals,vitaminCandfiber,allofwhichareassociatedwithhearthealthandkeepyourskinstrong,healthyand,hopefully,wrinkle-free.ThesquashalsocontainsahealthyamountofvitaminE,whichhelpsreducedamagecausedtoyourskinbyultravioletlight.Besides,thefiberinpumpkincanhelpyoufeelfull——which,inturn,boostsyouroddsofconsuminghealthyportionsoffood.Everyhalf-cupofcookedpumpkinprovidesabout3gramsoffiber.Pumpkinsarealsolowincalories:acupofcookedpumpkincontainsabout50calories,whichhelpswithweightmanagement.12.WhatdoesLisaJonesthinkofpumpkin?A.Itcanbeusedinvariouswesterndishes.B.Itismorethanusedindishesordecoration.C.Itiseasytocarvepumpkinintodiverseshapes.D.Itsuitspeoplefromdiverseculturalbackgrounds.13.Whichofthefollowingisthebiggestadvantageaboutpumpkin?A.Itripensinfall. B.Itcanbeboughtallovertheyear.C.Itisnothardtoaddittodailydishes. D.Itcanbemadeintovariousproducts.14.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theclassificationofpumpkin. B.Thecharacteristicsofpumpkin.C.Differentwaystoconsumepumpkin. D.Thepotentialbenefitsofconsumingpumpkin.15.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Areview. B.Aguidebook. C.Afiction. D.Awebsite.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】本文是说明文。文章向我们介绍了南瓜的多种用途，以及其丰富的营养价值和对人体的好处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Pumpkinsmaybegoodforcarving,butthey'reevenbetterforavarietyofhealthynutrients,shesays.Pumpkinsprovideadiversevarietyofnutritionalbenefitsinadditiontobeinganingredientinpiesorfestivaldecoration.(她说，南瓜可能很适合雕刻，但它们更适合多种健康的营养。南瓜除了作为馅饼或节日装饰的原料外，还具有多种营养价值)”可知，LisaJones认为南瓜不仅仅只用于菜肴和装饰。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thebestpartaboutpumpkinisthatit'ssoeasytoworkitintoyourdailyfood.(南瓜最棒的地方是，很容易把它添加进你的日常食物中)”可知，南瓜最大的一个优势就是很容易把南瓜加到我们的日常食物中去。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Consumingpumpkincanhelpfightcancers,saysMahmoudGhannoum,professoranddirectorinamedicalcenter.Pumpkinshaveplentyofbetacarotene,whichisanantioxidant,playinganimportantroleinprotectingthebodyfromcancers.Pumpkinisagoodsourceofminerals,vitaminCandfiber,allofwhichareassociatedwithhearthealthandkeepyourskinstrong,healthyand,hopefully,wrinkle-free.ThesquashalsocontainsahealthyamountofvitaminE,whichhelpsreducedamagecausedtoyourskinbyultravioletlight.Besides,thefiberinpumpkincanhelpyoufeelfull——which,inturn,boostsyouroddsofconsuminghealthyportionsoffood.Everyhalf-cupofcookedpumpkinprovidesabout3gramsoffiber.Pumpkinsarealsolowincalories:acupofcookedpumpkincontainsabout50calories,whichhelpswithweightmanagement.(一个医学中心的教授兼主任MahmoudGhannoum说，吃南瓜可以帮助对抗癌症。南瓜含有大量的β-胡萝卜素，它是一种抗氧化剂，在保护身体免受癌症方面发挥着重要作用。南瓜是矿物质、维生素C和纤维的良好来源，所有这些都与心脏健康有关，保持你的皮肤强壮、健康和没有皱纹。南瓜还含有大量的维生素E，有助于减少紫外线对皮肤造成的伤害。此外，南瓜中的纤维可以让你有饱腹感——反过来，增加你吃健康食物的几率。每半杯煮熟的南瓜提供约3克纤维。南瓜的热量也很低：一杯煮熟的南瓜含有大约50卡路里的热量，这有助于控制体重)”可知，第四段主要讲了食用南瓜的潜在好处。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章向我们介绍了南瓜的多种用途，以及其丰富的营养价值和对人体的好处。结合选项，该类文章最有可能出现在某网站的健康栏目。故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WaystoReduceCollegeStressAtanygivenpointintime,mostcollegestudentsarestressedaboutsomething.___16___Whilehavingstressinyourlifeisnormalandoftenunavoidable,beingstressedissomethingyoucancontrol.Followthesetipstolearnhowtokeepyourstressincheckandhowtorelaxwhenitgetstobetoomuch.•___17___Thismayseemridiculousatfirst,butitislistedfirstforareason:whenyou’refeelingstressed,youfeellikeyou’reonedgeandeverythingisbarelybeingheldtogether.Don’tbeatyourselfuptoobadlyaboutit!It’sallnormal,andthebestwaytohandlestressistonotgetmorestressedabout...beingstressed.•Getsomesleep.___18___Gettingmoresleepcanhelpyourmindrefocus,recharge,andre-balance.Thiscanmeanaquicknap,anightwhenyougotobedearly,orapromisetoyourselftostickwitharegularsleepschedule.Sometimes,onegoodnight?ssleepcanbeallyouneedtohitthegroundrunningamongastressfultime.•Getsomehealthyfood・Similartoyoursleephabits,youreatinghabitsmayhavegonebythewaysidewhenyoustartschool.Thinkaboutwhat——andwhen——you’veeatenoverthepastfewdays.___19___Gotoeatsomethingbalancedandhealthy:fruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andprotein.•Getsomeexercise.Youmaythinkthatifyoudon’thavethetimetosleepandeatproperly,youdefinitelydon’thavethetimetoexercise.Fairenough,butifyou’refeelingstressed,itmaybethatyouneedtosqueezeitinsomehow.Exercisedoesn’tnecessarilyhavetoinvolvea2-hour,exhaustingworkoutatthecampusgym.___20___A.Ifyou’restressedout,admitit.B.It’sjustpartofgoingtoschool.C.Don’tstressaboutbeingstressed.D.Focusonwhatmakesyoufeellikebeingstressedout.E.Beingincollegemeansyoursleepscheduleis,mostlikely,farfromideal.F.Itcanmeanarelaxing,30-minutewalkwhilelisteningtoyourfavoritemusic.G.Youmaythinkyourstressispsychological,butyoucouldalsobefeelingphysicalstress.【答案】16.B17.C18.E19.G20.F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了大学生活中的压力及大学生该如何控制压力。【16题详解】根据空格前句子“Atanygivenpointintime,mostcollegestudentsarestressedaboutsomething.”（在任何时候,大多数大学生都有压力）可知，B项“It’sjustpartofgoingtoschool.”（这只是上学的一部分）承接上文，又与下一句“havingstressinyourlifeisnormalandoftenunavoidable”(在你的生活中有压力是正常的，而且常常是不可避免的)在逻辑上形成很紧密的联系，都说明有压力是很正常的现象，故选B项。【17题详解】根据本段最后一句“It’sallnormal,andthebestwaytohandlestressistonotgetmorestressedabout...beingstressed.”（这都是正常的，处理压力的最好方法就是不要因为焦虑而使自己感到更焦虑）可知，C项“Don’tstressaboutbeingstressed.”（不要因为有压力而感到压力）符合本段主旨。故选C项。【18题详解】根据下文“Gettingmoresleepcanhelpyourmindrefocus,recharge,andre-balance.”（获得更多的睡眠可以帮助你的大脑重新集中精力,重新充电,重新平衡）可知,E项“Beingincollegemeansyoursleepscheduleis,mostlikely,farfromideal.”（上大学意味着你的睡眠时间安排很可能不理想）中的睡眠问题首先提出，然后在下一句中提出解决办法“获得更多的睡眠”，符合语境与逻辑。故选E项。【19题详解】根据上文“Similartoyoursleephabits,youreatinghabitsmayhavegonebythewaysidewhenyoustartschool.”（和你的睡眠习惯类似,你的不良饮食习惯可能也会让你产生压力）,结合空格后面语境“Gotoeatsomethingbalancedandhealthy:fruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andprotein.”（吃一些平衡和健康的食物：水果和蔬菜,全谷物,蛋白质）可知,G项“Youmaythinkyourstressispsychological,butyoucouldalsobefeelingphysicalstress.”（你可能认为你的压力是心理上的,但是你也可能感到身体生理上的压力）旨在强调希望你能通过饮食调整来优化你的身体生理状况从而减少焦虑，符合语境。故选G项。【20题详解】根据空格前面句子“Exercisedoesn’tnecessarilyhavetoinvolvea2-hour,exhaustingworkoutatthecampusgym.”（锻炼不一定要在校园体育馆进行2个小时筋疲力尽的锻炼）可知,F项“Itcanmeanarelaxing,30-minutewalkwhilelisteningtoyourfavoritemusic.”（它可以是一边听着你最喜欢的音乐,一边放松地走30分钟）与空格前面句子相呼应，符合语境逻辑。故填F项。【点睛】

第二部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Seeinghomelessanimalsalwaysbreaksmyheart.SoIwantto___21___themallin.AndactuallyI'mnot___22___.Thiskindwomancouldnothelpbuthaveherheart___23___whenshesawallofthe___24___homelesscats.Soshewentoutasoftenasshecouldto___25___thehomelesscatsfood.Butshenoticedthatoneofthe___26___,DongSuk,wouldonlytakefoodifitwasleftina_____27_____.Tryasshemight,shecouldnotgetthecatto___28___foodofanykindfromadish.SoshemadesuretotakeaspecialbagforDong.Aftersuchalongtimeof___29___Dongtakethebagoffoodandrun,shedecidedto___30___her.SoonedayshecameafterDong.Itwasthenthatshe___31___thatDonghadababywhoshewasbringingthefoodfor.Donghad___32___hadfivebabiesbutthisonewasher___33___kidleft.Whenthiskindwoman___34___thesacrifice(牺牲)thislovingmothercatwasmakingsheknewshehadto____35____.Soshecaughtthismommaandherbabyandgavethemahomewiththeirveryowncathouse.21.A.call B.take C.shut D.put22.A.alone B.grateful C.stubborn D.upset23.A.shocked B.destroyed C.broken D.affected24.A.attractive B.familiar C.fierce D.hungry25.A.hand B.bring C.show D.award26.A.cats B.neighbors C.dogs D.friends27.A.bowl B.box C.bag D.dish28.A.carry B.eat C.choose D.waste29.A.making B.letting C.hearing D.watching30.A.prevent B.follow C.change D.trap31.A.thought B.reported C.hoped D.discovered32.A.obviously B.finally C.actually D.honestly33.A.best B.last C.first D.youngest34.A.experienced B.faced C.realized D.doubted35.A.help B.escape C.suffer D.ignore【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.B31.D32.C33.B34.C35.A【解析】本文是记叙文。一位女士一直为小区内流浪猫提供食物，但有一只猫只吃装在袋子里的食物。女士跟踪发现，这只猫是给自己的孩子带食物。她非常感动，于是把它们带回了家里饲养。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我想把它们都收养了。A.call打电话；B.take带走；C.shut关闭；D.put放置。根据前文的“Seeinghomelessanimalsalwaysbreaksmyheart”可知,看到无家可归动物的悲惨处境总是让作者心碎，因此他想把它们全部收养。此处takein的意思是“收留”。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实际上，不止我一个人想收养它们。A.alone独自的；B.grateful感激的；C.stubborn固执的；D.upset沮丧的。根据后文作者讲述的女士的故事可知，想收留流浪猫的人不止作者一人。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士看到所有饥饿的、无家可归的猫时，她的心都碎了。A.shocked使震动；B.destroyed破坏；C.broken打破；D.affected影响。根据前文“Thiskindwomancouldnothelpbuthaveherheart”再结合“Seeinghomelessanimalsalwaysbreaksmyheart”可知，看到周围的流浪猫，女士和作者的情况一样，心都碎了。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士看到所有饥饿的、无家可归的猫时，她的心都碎了。A.attractive吸引人的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.fierce凶猛的；D.hungry饥饿的。后文“thehomelesscatsfood”提到，女士为流浪猫提供食物,说明这些流浪猫是饥饿的。故选D。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她尽可能多给无家可归的猫带去食物。A.hand递给；B.bring带来；C.show展示；D.award奖。根据后文“thehomelesscatsfood”可知，女士经常出去给无家可归的猫带去食物。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她注意到其中一只叫DongSuk的猫，只会吃袋子里剩下的东西。A.cats猫；B.neighbors邻居；C.dogs狗；D.friends朋友。根据前文“thehomelesscatsfood”可知，女士注意到的是这些猫中的一只，它与众不同。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她注意到其中一只叫DongSuk的猫，只会吃袋子里剩下的东西。A.bowl碗；B.box盒子；C.bag袋子；D.dis菜肴。根据下文“SoshemadesuretotakeaspecialbagforDong.”可知，小猫不吃女士放在盘子里的任何食物,女士为此给小猫准备了一个特别的袋子。由此可推知，这只猫只吃装在袋子里的食物。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管她怎么努力，都不能让猫吃盘子里的任何食物。A.carry搬运；B.eat吃；C.choose选择；D.waste浪费。根据下文“SoshemadesuretotakeaspecialbagforDong.”可推知,因为猫不吃盘子里的食物，所以女士给它带了一个特别袋子。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察了Dong很长一段时间后，她决定跟着她。A.making制作；B.letting让；C.hearing听见；D.watching观察，看。根据上文提到这只猫的诡异行为，再结合“Aftersuchalongtimeof”可知，女士长时间观察Dong这只猫。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在观察了Dong很长一段时间后，她决定跟着她。A.prevent防止；B.follow跟踪，跟随；C.change改变；D.trap陷入困境。根据后文“SoonedayshecameafterDong”可知,女士决定跟踪这只猫。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，她发现Dong有一个幼崽，她要给幼崽带食物。A.thought思考；B.reported报告；C.hoped希望；D.discovered发现。根据后文“Donghadababywhoshewasbringingthefoodfor”可知女士发现了Dong有一个幼崽。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Dong实际上本来有五个幼崽，但这是她最后一个孩子了。A.obviously明显地；B.finally终于；C.actually实际上；D.honestly诚实地。根据此处后文的“butthisonewasher…kidleft”可知，Dong实际上生了5只幼崽，但最后只有一个活下来的孩子。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dong实际上本来有五个幼崽，但这是她最后一个孩子了。A.best最好的；B.last最后的；C.first最重要的；D.youngest最年轻的。根据上文“hadfivebabies”以及后文“kidleft”可知,猫妈妈生了五只小猫，但这是她活下来的最后一个孩子。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士意识到这只可爱的猫妈妈所做的牺牲时，她知道她必须帮忙。A.experienced经历；B.faced面对；C.realized意识到；D.doubted怀疑。结合上文，猫妈妈宁愿自己不吃，也要给幼崽带食物回去，再根据后文“thesacrificethislovingmothercatwasmaking”可知,女士意识到了猫妈妈的牺牲精神。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位善良的女士意识到这只可爱的猫妈妈所做的牺牲时，她知道她必须帮忙。A.help帮助；B.escape逃跑；C.suffer遭受；D.ignore忽视。根据后文“Soshecaughtthismommaandherbabyandgavethemahomewiththeirveryowncathouse.”可知，女士被猫妈妈的牺牲精神所感动，决定帮助它们。故选A。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Differentplaceshavedifferentclimates.Adesert,forexample,____36____（refer）toasadryclimatebecauselittlewaterfallsduringtheyear.Inpolarregions,however,risingglobaltemperatures___37___（associate）withclimatechangemeanthaticesheetsandglaciersaremeltingatanacceleratedratefromseasontoseason.Thiscontributestosealevelrisein___38___（difference）regionsoftheplanet.Togetherwithexpandingoceanwatersduetorisingtemperatures,theriseinsealevelhasbeguntodamagecoastlines___39___aresultofincreasingflooding.Thecauseofcurrentclimatechangeislargelyhumanactivities,likeburningfossilfuels,___40___includenaturalgas,oil,andcoal.Burningthesematerials___41___（release）greenhousegasesintotheEarth’satmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun'sraysinsidetheatmosphere,___42___（cause）theEarth'saveragetemperaturetorise.Thewarmingoftheplanetimpactslocaland____43____（region）climates.ThroughouttheEarth'shistory,climatehas___44___（continual）changed.Whenoccurringnaturally,thisis___45___slowprocessthathastakenplaceoverhundredsorthousandsofyears.Thehumaninfluencedclimatechangethatishappeningnowisoccurringatamuchfasterrate.【答案】36.isreferred37.associated38.different39.as40.which41.releases42.causing43.regional44.continually45.a【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了全球气温升高导致海平面上升以及人类活动对气候产生的影响。【详解】1.考查动词一般现在时和被动语态。句意：例如，沙漠指的是干燥的气候，因为一年中很少有降水。本段主体时态为一般现在时,主语Adesert不能直接发出referto（谈及,说起）的动作,所以此处用被动,bereferredtoas（被称作,被认为是）。故填isreferred。2.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在极地地区，与气候变化相关的全球气温上升意味着冰原和冰川每一季都在加速融化。本句已有谓语“mean”,此处应为非谓语,所填词作后置定语,与逻辑主语形成动宾关系。故填associated。3.考查形容词。句意：这导致了地球上不同地区的海平面上升。分析句子结构并结合语境可知,这导致了地球上不同地区的海平面上升。修饰名词regions用形容词，故填difference的形容词形式different。4.考查介词。句意：再加上气温上升导致海水不断膨胀，海平面上升已经开始因洪水不断增加而破坏海岸线。asaresultof为固定短语,意为“因为,由于”。故填as。5.考查定语从句。句意：造成当前气候变化的主要原因是人类活动，比如燃烧化石燃料，包括天然气、石油和煤炭。分析句子结构可知,此处考查非限制性定语从句,先行词为fossilfuels,指物,空格处在从句中作主语。故填which。6.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：燃烧这些物质会向地球大气中释放温室气体。单个的动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数,本段主体时态为一般现在时。故填releases。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：这些气体将来自太阳射线的热量困在大气中，导致地球平均温度上升。句子主干为Thesegasestrapheat…,空格处应用非谓语动词,此处作主句的结果状语,应用现在分词形式。故填causing。8.考查形容词。句意：地球变暖影响着当地和区域气候。根据and可知,空格处与local并列,故用形容词修饰后面的名词climates。故填regional。9.考查副词。句意：纵观地球的历史，气候一直在不断变化。此处用副词修饰动词changed。故填continually。10.考查冠词。句意：当自然发生时，这是一个缓慢的过程，已经发生了数百年或数千年。process是可数名词,意为“过程,进程”。此处表示“一个”且slow开头是辅音因素，故填不定冠词a。第三部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是中学生李华,你的美国好友Peter来信询问你们学校的校规,请给他写封回信告知相关情况。内容包括：1.介绍校规（穿校服,按时上下学,不带手机等）;2.制定规章制度的意义；3.违反制度的后果。注意:1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加情节,以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearPeter,I’mdelightedtoreceiveyourletter.I’llinformyouoftherelatedinformationindetail.Thereareseveralschoolrulestoobeyhere,includingwearingschooluniformsdaily,attendingandleavingschoolpunctually,andforbiddingtakingphones.Theserulesaresoimportantthatweareextremelycarefultofollowthem.Whoeverbreaksthem,he/she’llbepunishedtodoextracleaningforalongtime.Weallknowthesesystemsaresetuptohelpusgetintogoodhabits,andimproveourself-awareness.Howdoyoufindtherules?Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生就美国好友Peter来信询问你们学校的校规情况给他写封回信告知相关情况。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.介绍校规（穿校服,按时上下学,不带手机等）;2.制定规章制度的意义；3.违反制度的后果。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）bedelightedto；informsbofsth；wearingschooluniforms；attendingschoolpunctually；forbiddingtakingphones；so…that…；bepunished；doextracleaningforalongtime；aresetup；getintogoodhabits；improveourself-awareness；Lookingforwardto。第三步：连词成句I’m