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1.clothes,cloth,clothing
clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名
词clothing服装的总称,指一件衣服用apieceof,anarticleof
2.incident,accident
incident指小事件,accident指不幸的事故Hewaskilledintheaccident.
3.amount,number
amount后接不可数名词,number后接可数名词anumberofstudents
4.family,house,home
home家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员。
Myfamilyisahappyone.
5.sound,voice,noise
sound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音Ihatetheloud
noiseoutside.
6.photo,picture,drawing
photo用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的
画
Let'sgoandseeagoodpicture.
7.vocabulary,word
vocabulary词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词Hehasalarge
vocabulary.
8.population,people
population人口,人数,people具体的人Chinahasalargepopulation.
9.weather,climate
weather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况
Theclimatehereisnotgoodforyou.
10.road,street,path,way
road具体的公路,马路,street街道,path小路,小径,way道路,途径
takethisroad;inthestreet,Showmethewaytothemuseum.
11.course,subject
course课程(可包括多门科目),subject科目(具体的学科)asummercourse
12.custom,habit
custom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接todo,habit生活习惯,
习惯成自然,后接ofdoing.
I'vegotthehabitofdrinkingalot.
13.cause,reason
cause指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接ofsth./doingsth,reason用
来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接forsth./doingsth.thereasonforbeing
late
14.exercise,exercises,practice
exercise运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习。
Practicemakesperfect.
15.class,lesson
作“课”解时,两者可以替换。指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.
Lesson6;Class5
16.speech,talk,lecture
speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,talk日常生活中的一
般的谈话,讲话,lecture学术性的演讲,讲课aseriesoflectureon…
17.officer,official
officer部队的军官,official政府官员anarmyofficer
18.work,job
二者均指工作。work不可数,job可数agoodjobo
19.couple,pair
couple主要指人或动物,pair多指由两部分组成的东西apairoftrousers
20.country,nation,state,land
country侧重指版图,疆域,nation指人民,国民,民族,state侧重指政府,
政体,land国土,国家Thewholenationwassadatthenews.
21.cook,cooker
cook厨师,cooker厨具Heisagoodcook.
22.damage,damages
damage不可数名词,损害,损失;damages复数形式,赔偿金$900damages
23.police,policeman
police警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词,policeman指某个具体的警察The
policearequestioning
everyoneinthehouse.
24.problem,question
problem常和困难连系,前面的动词常为thinkabout,solve,raise,
question常和疑问连系,多和ask,answer连用。
25.man,aman
man人类,aman一个男人Manwillconquernature.
26.chick,chicken
二者均可指小鸡,chicken还可以当鸡肉Thechickenisdelicious.
27.telegram,telegraph
当电报解时,telegram指具体的,telegraph指抽象的atelegram,bytelegraph
28.trip,journey,travel,voyage
travel是最常用的,trip指短期的旅途,journey指稍长的旅途,voyage指海
上航行athree-daytrip
29.sport,game
sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等;game指决
定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则Hisfavoritesportisswimming.
30.price,prize
price价格,prize奖,奖品,奖金winthefirstprizeThepriceishigh/low.
31.anumberof,thenumberof
anumberof许多,谓语动词用复数。thenumberof…的数目,谓语动词用
单数。Thenumberofstudentsisincreasing.
32.infrontof,inthefrontof
infrontof范围外的前面,inthefrontof范围内的前面Inthefrontofthe
roomsitsaboy.
33.oftheday,ofaday
oftheday每一天的,当时的,当代的,ofaday暂时的,不长久的afamous
scientistoftheday
34.threeofus,thethreeofus
threeofus我们(不止三个)中的三个,thethreeofus我们三个(就三个人)The
threeofus
---Tom,JackandIwenttothecinema.
35.bybus,onthebus
bybus表手段,方式,不用冠词,onthebus表范围Theywenttherebybus.
36.foramoment,forthemoment
foramoment片亥U,一会儿,forthemoment暂时,一时Thinkingfora
moment,heagreed.
37.nextyear,thenextyear
nextyear明年,将来时间状语,thenextyear第二年,过去将来时间状语
Hesaidhewouldgoabroadthenextyear.
38.morethanayear,morethanoneyear
morethanayear一年多,more山anoneyear超过一年(两年或三年等)
39.takeadvice,takethe(one*s)advice
takeadvice征求意见,taketheadvice接受忠告Herefusedtotaketheadvice
andfailedagain.
40.takeair,taketheair
takeair传播,走漏,taketheair至U户外去,散步Wetaketheaireveryday.
41.inaword,inwords
inaword总之,一句话,inwords口头上Inaword,youareright.
42.inplaceof,intheplaceof
inplaceof代替,intheplaceof在...地方Anewbuildingisbuiltintheplace
oftheoldone.
43.insecret,inthesecret
insecret秘密地,暗自地,偷偷地,一般用作状语;inthesecret知道内情,知
道秘密,一般用作表语Mymotherwasinthesecretfromthebeginning.
44.agirl,onegirl
agirl可泛指所有女孩,onegirl一个女孩Canonegirlcarrysuchabigbox?
45.takeachair,takethechair
takeachair相当于sitdown坐下,takethechair开始开会
46.gotosea,bysea,bythesea
gotosea出航或是当水手,bysea经海路,bythesea在海边
47.wear,puton,dress
wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时,dress接人,
bedressedin,puton表动作
It'scoldoutside.Putonyourwarmclothes.
48.listen,hear
listen强调动作,hear强调结果Ilistened,butIheardnothing.
49.careabout,carefor
careabout关心,计较,在乎,一般多用于否定句中;carefor关心,照料,喜
欢,愿意
Hedoesn'tcareabouthisclothes.Idon'tcareformovies.
50.inchargeof,inthechargeof
inchargeof管理,负责照料,inthechargeof由...照料
Heisinchargeofthematter.
Thematterisinthechargeofher.
51.inclass,intheclass
inclass在课上,intheclass在班级里Heisthebeststudentintheclass.
52.onfire,onthefire
onfire着火,onthefire在“<上Putthefoodonthefire.Thehouseisonfire.
53.outofquestion,outofthequestion
outofquestion毫无疑问的,outofthequestion不可能的
54.asecond,thesecond
asecond又一,再一,thesecond第...Hewonthesecondprize.
55.byday,bytheday
byday白天,bytheday按天计算Theworkersarepaidbytheday.
56.thepeople,apeople
thepeople指人,apeople指民族TheChineseisapeace-lovingpeople.
57.it,one
it同一物体,one同类不同一Ilostmypen.Ihavetobuyanewone.
58.that,this
that指代上文所提到的,this导出下文所要说的Iwasill.Thafswhy....
59.none,nothing,noone
none强调有多少,nothing,noone强调有没有,nothing指物,noone指人
—Howmany.../Howmuch...?
—None.
60.anyone,anyone
anyone指人,不能接of,anyone指人物均可,可接ofanyoneofyou
61.who,what
who指姓名或关系,what指职业或地位Whatisyourdad?Heisateacher.
62.what,which
what的选择基础是无限制的,which在一定范围内进行选择
Whichdoyouprefer,bananasorapples?
63.other,another
other后接名词复数,another后接名词单数otherstudents,anotherstudent
64.notalittle,notabit
notalittle非常,notabit一点也不I'mnotabittired.我一点儿也不累。
65.many,much,alotof
many和可数名词连用,much和不可数名词连用,alotof可数,不可数均可,
但不用于否定句Ihaven'tmanybooks.
66.muchmore...than,manymore...than
muchmore...than后接形容词或不可数名词,manymore...than后接可数名
词manymorepeople,muchmorewater,muchmorebeautiful
67.no,not
no=nota/anynofriend=nota/anyfriendnowater=notanywater
68.nomorethan,notmorethan
nomorethan相当于only,仅仅,只有,notmorethan至多,不超过
69.majority,most
majority只能修饰可数名词,most可数不可数均可themajorityofpeople
70.byoneself,foroneself,tooneself,ofoneself
byoneself单独的,独自的,foroneself为自己,tooneself供自己用的,of
oneself自行的,自动的Thedooropenedofitself.
71.atall,afterall
atall根本,全然,afterall到底,毕竟Afterallheisachild.
72.tall,high
tall常指人或动物,high常指物体Heistall.
73.fast,quickly
fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点,quickly侧重指某事完成或发
生的快runfast,answerthequestionquickly
74.high,highly
high具体的高,highly抽象的高,高度的thinkhighlyof
75.healthy,healthful
healthy健康的,健壮的,healthful有益于健康的healthfulexercise
76.sleeping,asleep,sleepy
sleeping正在睡觉,asleep睡着,熟睡,只能做表语,sleepy困的,有睡意
的asleepingbabyThebabyisasleep.I'msleepy.
77.gold,golden
gold指真金制品,golden指金色的,但金鱼用goldfish,agoldring
78.most,mostly
most用于表感受的肯定句中,相当于very,当大部分,大多数解时是形容
词或名词,mostly大部分,是副词mostpeople,thepeoplearemostly...
79.just,very
just表强调时是副词,作状语,very表强调时是形容词,用作定语thevery
man,justtheman
80.wide,broad
wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离,broad侧重于幅面的宽广broadshoulders
81.real,true
real真的,真实的,指的是事实上存在而不是想象的,true真的,真正的,
指的是事实和实际情况相符合
realgold,atruestory
82.respectful,respectable
respectful尊敬,有礼貌,respectable可敬的,值得尊敬的berespectfultothe
aged
83.outwards,outward
二者均可用作副词,表示向外,外面,outward还可用作形容词anoutward
voyage
84.pleasant,pleased,pleasing
pleasant常用作定语,pleased,pleasing常用作表语,pleased主语常为人,
pleasing主语常为物apleasanttripThetripispleasing.
85.understanding,understandable
understanding明白事理的,能体谅的,understandable可理解的,能够懂
的anunderstandinggirl,anunderstandablemistake
86.close,closely
close接近,靠近,closely紧紧地,紧密地closelyconnected,standclose
87.ill,sick
ill做表语,sick定,表均可asickboy
88.good,well
good形容词,well副词,但指身体状况是形容词Heiswellagain.
89.quiet,silent,still
quiet安静的,可以发出小的声音,silent不发出声音,但可以动,still完全
不动,完全无声响
Hestandtherestill.他站在那儿,一动不动,也不说话。
90.hard,hardly
hard努力,hardly几乎不workhard,Icanhardlybelieveit.
91.able,capable
able与不定式todo连用,capable与of连用Heiscapableofdoing...
92.almost,nearly
二者均为“几乎,差不多”和否定词连用用almost
almostnobody
93.late,lately
late迟,晚,lately最近,近来Ihaven'tseenhimlately.
94.living,alive,live,lively
living,alive,live均为活着的,living定表均可,alive定表均可,定语后置,
live只能做定语,lively意为活波的allthelivingpeople=allthepeople
95.excited,exciting
excited使人兴奋的,exciting令人兴奋的I'mexcited.Thenewsisexciting.
96.deep,deeply
deep具体的深,deeply抽象的深,深深地deeplymoved,digdeep
97.aloud,loud
aloud出声地,loud大声地readaloud(出声地读)
98.worth,worthy
二者均为值得,worth后接doing,worthy后接tobedone
99catchacold,haveacold
catchacold不能和表示"一段时间”的状语连用,而haveacold可以
Shehashadacoldforaweek.
100.changefor,changeinto
changefor调换成,changeinto变成
Changetheshirtforabiggerone.Waterchangesintoice.
101.continue,last
二者均为持续,continue主动,被动均可,last只能用主动
Thewarcontinued/lastedfiveyears.Thestoryistobecontinued.
102.feed,raise
feed喂养,养活,饲养(togivefoodto),raise饲养,养育(causetogrow,
bringupchildren)
raisethefamily
103.goforadoctor,gotoadoctor
goforadoctor去请医生,gotoadoctor去看病
104.notice,observe,catchsightof
notice注意到,observe观察,仔细地看,catchsightof突然看到observethe
stars
105.insiston,stickto
insiston坚持要求,后常接doing,stickto坚持,后常接sth.,sticktothe
plan
106.look,seem,appear
look指从外表上看,seem指内心的判断,appear指给人以表面的印
象appearwise,looklikehisfather
107.gather,collect
gather把分散的东西集中到一起,collect指精心地、有选择地进行收
集collectstamps
108.meantodo,meandoing
meantodo打算,想要做某事,meandoing意思是,意味着
BythisImeangivingthestudentsmorepractice.
109.diefrom,dieof
diefrom表示死于(枪)伤,虚弱,过度劳累,饮食过度等,dieof表示死于疾
病,饥饿,寒冷,年老,忧愁,失恋等精神因素dieofhungerandcold
110.payfor
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