老师课件第五章第二章NCL变量及基本语法

NCL变量及基本语法第三章数据处理nclnclarrow-Important也许NCL6.0.0NCLV6.0.0和V6.1.x的不同之 6.0.0and 6.1.0and colortable有32gsnSpreadColors为lbLabelAutoStride最多256Namedcolors必须首先被transparent

默认字体默认colortable有256gsnSpreadColors为lbLabelAutoStride为默认函数代码Namedcolorsdonothavetobeaddedtocolormap目主要面向初学者但对于中高级学者会有一些 NCLGraphicsNCL可绘制的图形类TheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLCommonmistakesandDebuggingCreatingimagesforWeband/orPyNGL/PyNIOPythonNCL可绘制的图形类barcharts,skew-T,windroses,taylorNCL可绘制的图形类Specialized ScatterScatterandlineplotBasedonaofJoelNorris(Scripps)usingdummydataMJOgraphicCourtesyMJOgraphicCourtesyofDennisNCL可绘制的图形类SpecializedLine,fill,andLine,fill,andpattern Contours(line和filled)叠加在地图BrettD.EstradaBrettD.EstradaUfukTuruncoglu,ITUTurkeyClimateChangeScenariosLambertConformalUfukTuruncoglu,ITUTurkeyClimateChangeScenariosEvansEvansplot由JasonEvansofUNSW16mapprojections(816mapprojections(8 Transparencyandimageoverlay–newin ImranNadeem,ImranNadeem,BOKUSpecializedSpecializedSpecializedMultipleoverlays(contoursandoverCCSM4dataCCSM4dataIcethicknessTopomap(linecontours)UVwindsPrimitives(markers,lines,text,SpecializedFilledpolygonswithGraphicbyGraphicbyJonathanVigh,Specialized–SkewT,WRF,windroses,panels,SpecialTemtesand

WindSkewMoreSpecialTemtesand Pie BlankBlank Bar WRFWRFplot TaylordiagramCourtesyofDennisSheaTaylordiagramCourtesyofDennisSheaandAdamPhillips, ShapefileisapopulargeospatialvectordataformatforGISNumerous(and )shapefilescanbefoundbygooglingontheweb. ThethreeThethreetypesofshapefilessupportedbyNCL:Point–locationsofpopulationdataLine–rivers,roads,trailsPolygon–counties,lakesGlobalGlobalAdministrativeAreasdatabase()offersconsistentadministrativeboundariesatmanylevels.Thelevel0database(nations)isgoodtouseforglobalormesoscaleresults,level1isthefirstlevelofsub-nationaladministration(typicallystates/provincesandterritories)whilelevel2offersthesecondlevelofadministrationandispotentiallyusefulforhigh-resolutionplots. TheseTheseshapefilesweredownloadedScriptsareTheThe"AlaskaEssentialFishHabitatSpecies"shapefilewasdownloadedPanelplotsPanelplots–multipleplotsonapageOLROLRfile Multiplecolormaps–newfeaturein FirstFirsttwomapdatabasesbuilt-in;high-resolutionavailableassimpleFromJohnFromJohnErtl,CourtesyCourtesyAdamPhillips,NCARJohnJohnFasullo,NCLGraphicsTheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLCommonmistakesandDebuggingCreatingimagesforWeband/orPyNGL/PyNIOPython五步绘制NCL图加载定义colormap可选Step1:加载“gsn”Twoways nggraphicsin使用 Step1:加载gsn_csm可识别的CESM规必须存在“degrees_eastor“degrees_north”的“units”informationcontourlineinformationcontourline“basic“metadataaware”接口 tickmarkstickmarksout&lat/lonlabels自动Step1:加载“gsn”load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y= ;101wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","test"); =True ;修改默认绘图设置res@xyLineColor="Blue" ;linecolorres@tiMainString="Thisisatitle" ize=Trueplot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y,res) Step1.5:加数据load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"yy= ;101wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","test"); =True ;plotoptionsres@xyLineColor="Blue" ;linecolorres@tiMainString="Thisisatitle" ize=Trueplot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y,res) ;noXvaluesStep2:“Workstation指绘图PDFPNG有一个默认的colormap(V6.1.0中有改变

Step2:wks=gsn_open_wks(“x11”,“test”);X11windowwks=gsn_open_wks(“ps”,“test”);“test.ps”wks=gsn_open_wks(“png”,“wrf”);“wrf.png”wks=gsn_open_wks(“pdf”,“slp”);“slp.pdf”wks=gsn_open_wks(“eps”,“cn”) ;“cn.eps”““gsn_open_wks是个函数wks”是个变量名你可以为Step2:load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y= ;101wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","test"); =True ;plotoptionsres@xyLineColor="Blue" ;linecolorres@tiMainString="Thisisatitle" ize=Trueplot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y,res) ;noXvaluesStep3:定义一个colormap（可选 文档里(后面讲)选选其他color或自己创 自己创建colortable1生成(RGB三个颜色的数值，范围均是0~255数值越大，2将数值存入xxxx.rgbxxxx”即为该colortable#rg16032 0自己创建colortable3将xxxx.rgb$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/colormaps/路径下。4测试wks=gsnopengsndefinegsndrawcolormap(wks)此外，也可利用HSVHueSaturation,Value)进行颜色挑选Step3:定义一个colormap（可选load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y= ;101wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","test"); =True ;plotoptionsres@xyLineColor="Blue" ;linecolorres@tiMainString="Thisisatitle" ize=Trueplot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y,res) ;noXvaluesStep4:修改绘图选项（可选ResourcesNCL绘图中的 部分.有超过1,400利用resources修改图有11graphicalobjectscontours,labelbars,legends,maps,primitives,streamlines,textstrings,tickmarks,titles,vectors,XYplots XYXYandtheirlabelbaranditslabelbaranditsmain“xy”-XY“vc”-Vector“tm”-单词首字母大写

“cn”-Contour“ti”-“lb”- 有些以“F结尾，用以表明浮点型resource“gsn”–可被 res=True ;可以任意命名“res”res@mpMinLatF=30;小数点不是必须res@tiMainString=“Thisisatitle”res@tmXBLabelFontHeightF=0.01LineLabelsOn=Trueres@xyLineColors=(/5,7,11/)res@xyLineColors=(/“red”,“green”,“blue”/)res@lgLineThicknesses=(/1.0,2.0,3/)xyLineColor,cnLineColor,gsLineColor,mpGridLineColor,Step4:修改绘图选项（可选load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y= ;101wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","test");=;plotres@xyLineColor= ;lineres@tiMainString="Thisisatitle" ize=Trueplot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y,res) ;noXvaluesStep5:调用相应的绘图 =plot=gsn_csm_contour(wks,data,res)plot=map=gsn_csm_vector_map(wks,u,v,res)phgt=gsn_csm_pres_hgt(wks,data,res) 他们都是函数.等式左端的变量名可任意 Step5:调用相应的绘图load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y= ;101wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","test"); =True ;plotoptionsres@xyLineColor="Blue" ;linecolorres@tiMainString="Thisisatitle" ize=Trueplotplot= ;noXNCLGraphicsTheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLCommonmistakesandDebuggingCreatingimagesforWeband/orPyNGL/PyNIOPythonLine-by-lineXYplot一条曲XYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFExampleXYplot,“xy1b.ncl”,“xy1c.ncl”等展示的是同一个例子，但逐渐增加的resources以逐步修load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y= ;101wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","xy1a");res plot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y,res) ;noXvaluesExample(colorindex值–xyLineColor–设置线条颜load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y=wks= ;;SetanXYplot=True;将要做些绘图修改res@xyLineColor= ;线条颜色（老方法plot=Index0Index0IndexIndex1当前colorcolorindex2当前colorload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y=

Sidetopic:missingy@_FillValuey@_FillValue=-;Assignmissing = =y@_FillValue =y@_FillValuewks=gsn_open_wks(“ps”,;SetanXYplot =True;We ntosetoptionsres@xyLineColor=2 ;Linecolorplot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y,res)y(10:20)=y@_FillValue =y@_FillValuey(65:85)=Example–xyLineThicknessF–修改线条的粗load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"”;CreatesomeX;Yx=ispan(-y=wks= ;;SetsomeXYplot== 3plotplot=SamplesofnamedcolorsYYaxisXXaxisExample需要的resources–trYMinFtrYMaxFtrXMinFtrXMaxF设定最小、最大值(transformationresources)这些resources同样可应用于contour,vector和streamlineplots..x=ispan(-50,50,1)y=sin(0.0628*x)wks= = = ;5xas

=min(y);Setaxes===x=ispan(-50,50,1)y=sin(0.0628*x)wks= = =“Blue”res@xyLineThicknessF=5 ;5xasthick

-5;Setaxes =-=Example设置TitletiXAxisStringandtiYAxisString将会覆盖“long_name”attributes..x=ispan(-50,50,1)y=sin(0.0628*x)wks= = =“Blue” =2 ;0isdefault(solid)res@xyLineThicknessF=3 ;3xasthickres@trYMinF=min(y)res@trYMaxF=max(y)res@trXMinF=min(x)res@trXMaxF=

设定坐标轴数值范围

="Thisisamain="X="Y有有17中虚线类DashPatternresource中，比如cnLineDashPattern(contourlines),mpGridLineDashPattern(mapgrid等等Example需要的resourcestmXBModetmXBValuestmXBLabels设置底边坐标 注意tickmarkresources所有4个坐标轴自的tickmarks设定,比如:tmYLMode(Yleft),tmYRMode(Yright),tmXBMode(Xbottom),tmXTMode(Xtop)..x=ispan(-50,50,1)y=sin(0.0628*x)wks= = ;Setsomeplot

==

;defaultisforeground;0isdefaultres@xyLineThicknessF= ;3xas

=-==-=

;MinimumYaxis umYaxis;MinimumXaxis umXaxis

="Thisisamain="X="Y =“Explicit” ;指定底边坐标轴的res@tmXBValues=(/-50,-25,0,25,50/);res@tmXBLabels=(/"A","B","C","D","E"/);.plot=gsn_csm_xy(wks,x,y,res)颠颠倒Yaxis,关闭一些tickmarksLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot多条曲PositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFExampleASCIIY(#curves)x(#X可以和Y维同维数，也可以仅是一维的数组，其大小需和Y的最右边维的大小一致(#暂时不用load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl";;Dataonfileisdimensioned#points;by#curves(4),soweneedtoreorder; y!0="npts"y!1=y2=y(ncurves|:,npts|:);把y转变4xwks=gsn_open_wks("ps","xy2a");plot=gsn_csm_yres= plot=gsn_csm_y(500行(500行4列

y= y(0,0)=0y(0,0)=0y(0,1)=y(0,2)=y(0,3)=y(1,0)=y(1,1)=y(1,2)=y(1,3)=y(2,0)=..y(499,0)=Y(499,1)=Y(499,2)=Y(499,3)=0.113023200.113400.1130.254092200.254400.2540.4512200.451400.4510.703955200.704400.7041.01186201.012401.0121.3743201.374401.3741.79057201.791401.7912.25983202.26402.262.78115202.781402.7813.35351203.354403.3543.97575203.976403.9764.64663204.647404.6475.36482205.365405.365..28.1424228.142428.142.1063214.106414.106线线条默用不同类型的虚res@xyMonoDashPattern=从xy2c.ncl至xy2h.ncl是 不断增加了resource包括legendres@xyLineColor=xy2c.nclxy2c.ncl线条颜色改为res@xyLineThicknesses=(/2,3,4,5/)xy2d.nclxy2d.ncl为线条设定不同的颜色和粗 =(/"red","brown","green","blue"/)res@xyMarkLineModes=(/"lines","MarkLines","lines","markers"/)res@xyMarkers=(/0, 16,0,15/)res@xyMarkerColors=(/0,16,0,xy2e.nclxy2e.ncl仅用线条，仅用标识，用标识和线 =xy2f.nclxy2f.ncl添加一个"line="+xy2g.ncl改res@pmLegendOrthogonalPosF0.28 =res@pmLegendWidthF=res@pmLegendHeightF=0.10

;.移xy2h.nclxy2h.ncl移动事先定事先定义 Advanced将XY改变坐标轴(logirregularLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multipleUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFSpecialtopic:图 比调整，用viewport“vp”resources:vpWidthF和单单( “viewLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFSpecialtopic:“frameframeorpage）可通过resource“gsnFrameandprocedure“frame”来完load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y1=wks=gsn_open_wks(“ps”,res=plot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y1,res)plot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y2,res)

load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y1=y2=cos(0.0628*ispan(0,100,1))+2.wks=gsn_open_wks(“ps”,“xy”) =Trueres@gsnFrame 不翻plot=gsn_csm_y(wks,y1,res)plot= 现在翻load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"y1=y2=cos(0.0628*ispan(0,100,1))+2.wks=gsn_open_wks(“ps”,“xy_frame”) =res@gsnFrame ;不翻res@vpWidthF=res@vpHeightF= = ;靠近页的左边plot= =0.57;超 =0.57;超过Line-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame” izeresource的Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFSpecialtopic:在页中最大化图 ize=比会保留但图形的位置和大小会改 ize= ize= ize= ize= ClickBasicgraphicalPositioningPositioningLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFExample简单的contournetCDF数据有_FillValue属性,bygsn_csm暂时不改变load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"tftf=Ttf- ;PrintT’swks=res 暂不设置plotplot=1188valuesNumberofDimensions:2Dimensionsand [lat|33]x[lon|lat: _FillValue:- 标Example“unitslat和lon坐标cnFillOn打开填色设lbOrientation改变labelbarload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"tf=T=tf- ;GetfirsttimeT&lon@unitsT&lon@units“degrees_east”;加上单T&lat@units==res@lbOrientation=res@lbOrientation“Vertical”移动Example改变Colormap为“rainbow”colorcolorload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"tf=addfile("Tstorm.cdf","r")T=tf->t(0,:,:)T&lon@units=“degrees_east”;添加单T&lat@units=wks= ;改变color = = ; =“Vertical”;移plot=gsn_csm_contour(wks,T,res)300<=300<=values<values>=248248<=values<values<Line-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn

andunstructureddataWRFExample数据必须有lat/lon坐标数组“units须是“degrees_east”,“degrees_north”load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"tf=T=tf- ;TwillhavemetadataT有坐标数组和属性printVarSummary(T&lon);T&lonunitswks= ;res 暂不改变plot=运行运行该标本时会得到一些“spline”warnings和一个suggestion:“YoumaywanttosetgsnAddCyclictoFalsetoavoidawarning”1920valuesNumberofDimensions:2 [lat|40]x[lon|lat:[-lat:[-环性lon:[-timetime1 unitsDegreesres@gsnAddCyclic=“printVarSummary(T&lon)输出结Type:integer48valuesNumberofDimensions:1Dimensionsandsizes: [lon|48]unitsunits Example手动（manually）设置Contour还需用另3resources:cnMinLevelValF,cnMaxLevelValF,cnLevelSpacingFload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"(“ExplicitLevels”另一种模式,用 tf=addfile("meccatemp.cdf","r")T=tf->t(0,:,:)wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","contour2b") =True =LevelSelectionMode="ManualLevels" =195 ;LevelSelectionMode="ManualLevels" =195 ;最小值 =328 ;最大值 =2.25 ;间距Example改变Colorload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"tf=addfile("meccatemp.cdf","r")T=tf->t(0,:,:)wks= ===;Min=;Max=; = ;打开颜plot=gsn_csm_contour_map(wks,T,res)Example关闭等值线和labelbarbox的线仅适用colormap中的一部分的颜gsnSpreadColorStartgsnSpreadColorEnd指定colormap中的颜色段cnLinesOn打开或关contourlbBoxLinesOn-打开或关labelbarboxgsnSpreadColorStart=2gsnSpreadColorEnd=-1gsnSpreadColorStart=..tf=addfile("meccatemp.cdf","r")T=tf->t(0,:,:)wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","contour2d") = =FalseLevelSelectionMode="ManualLevels"=;最小=;最大=;间res@res@gsnSpreadColorStart ;起始于colorindex ;打开等值线= ;关闭等值线线= ;关闭lbarbox线plotplot=..Sidetopic:tfSidetopic: =wks= = =FalseLevelSelectionMode="ManualLevels"=;Min=;Max=;

;= ;关闭线= ;关闭lbarboxplot=ContouringexercisesandClickContourplotContoursovermapexercises(set1)Contoursovermapexercises(setLookfor“contour”categories:Contours:nomapContourlabelsAdvanced 控制每一条等值线的colorand/orLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

WRFSpecialtopiconcontouring1D坐标数组(递增或递减的−2Dlon/lat数组(曲线的,WRFfiles, lite使用sfXArraysfYArrayres@sfXArray=res@sfYArray=

WRFdata也用这方 非规则coordinates(1DX,Y,Z数组res@sfXArray=res@gsnAddCyclicres@gsnAddCyclicFalseExample:2Dlat/lonDimensionsandsizes: [lat|Dimensionsandsizes: [lat|384]x[lon|320]NumberOfAttributes:7time: units long_name: gridboxmeanicethicknesscoordinates:ijtime_FillValue:1e+30time_rep: 文件有two-dimensionallat/lon变floatfloatTLON(lat,lonlong_name: gridcenterlongitudeunits: floatTLAT(lat,lonlong_name: gridcenterlatitudeunits: load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"f=addfile("iceh_mavg.0014- =f->hi(0,:,:)

;Ice;注意没有坐标数wks=gsn_open_wks(”ps","ice") ;ice.ps = f->TLON;2Dlat/lon数组必须f->TLAT;“hi=;=;指定最南纬plot=gsn_csm_contour_map_polar(wks,hi,res)Example:1Dx,y,z数据是ARPEGE1DlatlonVariable:SUTOPRSU(filevariable)Type:floatNumberofVariable:SUTOPRSU(filevariable)Type:floatNumberofDimensions:Dimensionsandsizes: [time_counter|240]x[jpjb|1]x[jpib|6232]time_counter:[ 0..239]NumberOfAttributes:4short_name:PRECITOTALEgridtype: long_name: TotalPrecipitationunits: Variable:Variable:bt42_lat(filevariable)Type:doubleNumberofDimensions:Dimensionsand [jpjf|1]x[jpif|Variable:bt42_lon(filevariable)Type:doubleNumberofDimensions:Dimensionsand [jpjf|1]x[jpif|loadg=f=wks=gsn_open_wks("x11","arpege") =g->bt42_lon(0,:);1D=g-

== = LevelSelectionMode="ExplicitLevels" =fspan(0,30,201) 关闭box LambertEqualArea";地图contour=gsn_csm_contour_map(wks,f->SUTOPRSU(0,0,:),res)RastersmoothedRastersmoothedFillMode=RasterSmoothingOn=这个Raster效果好RasterRasterExamplesofcontouringnon-rectilinearClickon“non-uniformgrids/randomAdaptivegridsORCAgridsTriangularmes Line-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRF绘图样CindyBruyèreAbby 是“black-box”;过的customization,加载必须的

loadloadhgt=wrf_user_getvar(f,”HGT”,0)wks=gsn_open_wks(“ps”,”hgt”);蓝色的resources表明特别的蓝色的resources表明特别的WRF-NCLresourcesFillOn=;有一些特别的wrf_xxxxresources ="GEOGRIDFIELDS”res@ContourParameters=(/250.,3500.,100./)contour=wrf_contour(f,wks,hgt,res)pltres=Truempres=True

wrf_map_overlays会查看文档以决定地图投影方 =slp=wrf_user_getvar(f,“slp”,0)t2=wrf_user_getvar(f,“T2”,0)u10slp=wrf_user_getvar(f,“slp”,0)t2=wrf_user_getvar(f,“T2”,0)u10=wrf_user_getvar(f,“U10”,0)v10=wrf_user_getvar(f,V10“,0)

WRF-NCL线条/填色的等值线wksgsn_open_wks(“ps” ;Line;Line = =LineThicknessF= =;Filled =True =; =Trueov@NumVectors=47 =;Overlayeverythingonampres=Truepltres=TrueSampleSampleWRF版.有Line-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFExample−gsnPolar,gsnLeftString,load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"a=u=a-v=a-

;;读第一个时;.和第15 = ;Northernwks = ;Northern ="Zonal;Leftres@gsnRightString="meters/second";Rightres@gsnCenterString=" ;Notusedlot=lot=notusedheretickmarkresources在这里不起作用这些经res@vcRefMagnitudeFres@vcRefMagnitudeF=; 0.09;res@vcMinDistanceF=0.02;res@res@vcGlyphStyle= ;打开curlyres@res@vcLineArrowThicknessF= ;3=res@vcMonoVectorLineColor= =VectorplotClickon“vectorplotMorenclnclresv2@vcMapDirectionLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFFunctions有gsn_add_polygongsn_add_polyline,gsn_add_polymarker,gsn_add_text记号线条和多边形的resources以“gs(gsMarkerColor,gsLineThicknessF,gsFillColor,gsEdgesOn,etc.)文本的resources以“tx(txFontHeightFtxJusttxFont,txFontColor,etc.)Example–mpDataBaseVersion,mpLimitMode,mpMinLatF,mpMaxLatF,mpMinLonF,mpMaxLonF,mpFillOnload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"wksgsn_open_wks("ps","poly3c"打开 = res@mpDataBaseVersion="MediumRes";中等分辨率 =“Earth..4” ;有其他国家的分类res@mpOutlineBoundarySets="AllBoundaries" =

=-=-==

放大澳大利 ="Australianstatesandmap=gsn_csm_map(wks,res) ;DrawmapExample将mapcodeload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"functionAustralia_map(wks,mode:string)localresres ;建立resourceif(mode.eq."create")thenres@gsnFrame=Falseres@gsnDraw=Falseendif = =False res@mpDataBaseVersion="MediumRes"; ="Earth..4" res@mpOutlineBoundarySets="AllBoundaries"

==- =-== ="Australianstatesandmap=gsn_csm_map(wks,res);Createdrawdefaultmap;--Maincodewks=gsn_open_wks("ps","poly3d")map=Australia_map(wks,"draw")Example （略）wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","poly3e");Openmap=Australia_map(wks,"create");生成有5个;生成有5个lat/lon的数lat=(/-12.46,-31.95,-23.70,-37.81,-lon=(/130.84,115.86,133.88,144.96, =Truemres@gsMarkerSizeF ;放大记mres@gsMarkerColor=;将记号添加至地图dum=;绘制地图和记号Example（略）wks=gsn_open_wks("ps","poly3f");Open;Createthemapsowecanaddlines,strings,andmarkers.map=Australia_map(wks,"create");Createarrayswithcitiesandlat/loncities=(/"Darwin","Perth","AliceSprings","Melbourne","Sydney"/) =(/-12.46,-31.95, =(/130.84, ;Attach;Attachmarkersto =True;Makeit;Filleddum1=;Attachtextto =True =;Defaultis;defaultisdum2= ;Drawingthemapdrawsthemarkers.PrimitivesClickPrimitivesexercises(set1)Primitivesexercises(set2)Primitivesexercises(setMoreLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFExampleSpecialtopicpanelingplots(在一页中绘制多个plots)Plots必须是同样的大小可以设置公用的labelbar–gsnDraw,如果绘制不同大小请使用vpXFvpYF,vpWidthF,vpHeightFresourcesload"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.ncl"load"$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_csm.ncl"f=addfile("wrfout_d01_2003-07-15_00:00:00.nc",p=f-p=p*0.01p@units="hPa"

气压,;转换为;res@res@gsnDraw=res@gsnFrame=;Don'tdraw;Don'tadvancewks=gsn_open_wks("ps","panel1a") =Trueplot1=plot1=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(0,:,:),res)plot2=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(3,:,:),res)plot3=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(5,:,:),res)plot4=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(7,:,:),res);Createapanelofplotswith2rowsand2columns...f=addfile("wrfout_d01_2003-07-15_00:00:00.nc", =f- =p*0.01p@units="hPa"

;Read;Convertto;Updateunitswks=gsn_open_wks("ps","panel1b") = ;Plotoptions

==

;Don'tdraw;Don'tadvance =True

;绘; =new(4,graphic) 组表示plots(0)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(0,:,:),res)plots(1)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(3,:,:),res)plots(2)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(5,:,:),res)plots(3)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(7,:,:),res);2rows,2columns22x2What’sWhat’s“wrong”withthese.. = ;PlotoptionsLevelSelectionMode=LevelSelectionMode==-=;=2plots(0)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(0,:,:),res)plots(1)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(3,:,:),res)plots(2)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(5,:,:),res)plots(3)=gsn_csm_contour(wks,p(7,:,:),res)...

= ;Plotoptions

===

;Don'tdraw;Don'tadvance;TurnonLevelSelectionMode=

=-=

;Setcontourlevels;thesameforeach=设panel=设panel=panel改labelbar宽度 ="Perturbationpressure False关闭各个plot的plots=new(4,graphic)doi=0,3res@tiMainString="bottom-topindex"+i enddo;Createapanelofplotswith2rowsand2panelres@panelres@txString=22x311行3pres@pres@gsnPanelFigureStrings="b_tindex"+3x2添加屏幕输出关于paneledplotsdebug可以强制plotsPanelingClickon“panelingMoreLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRF

;Overlay矢量和等值线至地图 =“” =“”关闭右边关闭左边=;;Resourcelist用以共享. =True = =;don't;don'tadvance = =f- =f-speed=speed=;;最后绘制地图时，也会同时绘制等;和矢量;;==;=- ;将ref移至plot;vectorref;lengthofvec = ="CurlyVector";curlyvectorsvcres@vcRefMagnitudeF=20 移打开颜;spanfullcolor;不绘制线res@gsnSpreadColors=True =False= =contours=gsn_csm_contour( vectors=gsn_csm_vector(wks,u,v,vcres)不同之不同之处contours=gsn_csm_contour( vectors=gsn_csm_vector(wks,u,v,vcres)contours=gsn_csm_contour(wks,speed(::4,::4),cnres)vectors=gsn_csm_vector(wks,u(::4,::4),v(::4,::4),vcres)OverlayCanalsogotothe“functions”linkonExamplespageandsearchfor“overlay”.LotsofexamplesusethisLine-by-lineXYplot–oneXYplot–multiplePositioningplotsonaUseof“frame”Useof“gsn Contourplotover

andunstructureddataWRFres@tiMainString=“Happy~F35~r~F~Valentine’sDay”res@tiXAxisString=“m~S~2”FunctioncodeNCLGraphicsTheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLCommonmistakesandDebuggingCreatingimagesforWeband/orPyNGL/PyNIOPython回 时使用X11window;然后在用moveNCLGraphicsTheLine-by-line设置NCL环CommonmistakesandDebuggingCreatingimagesforWeband/orPyNGL/PyNIOPython改变“functioncode”为~默认是冒号改变默认的color “.hluresfile::!Color : :Functioncode默认 :!Setsizeofx11

::NCLGraphicsTheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLDebuggingCreatingimagesforWeband/orPyNGL/PyNIOPython(“xyLineColour”isnotaresourceinXyPlotatthis拼写错误“TheunitsattributeoftheYcoordinatearrayisnotsettooneoftheallowableunitsvalues(i.e.'degrees_north').Yourlatitudelabelsmaynotbecorrect.”正在使用的colormap中没有灰色(使用以增加灰色或者or设置为含有灰色的colormaps).“_NhlCreateSplineCoordApprox:AttempttocreatesplineapproximationforYaxisfailed:consideradjustingtrYTensionFvalue”NCLGraphicsTheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLCommonmistakesandCreatingimagesforWeband/orPyNGL/PyNIOPython对于NCL否则,使用“batch”模式.即,写 ncl .以下地址 print(min(xandprint(max(x));最大/

NCLGraphicsTheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLCommonmistakesandDebuggingPyNGL/PyNIOPython使用“png”输出并加大图形的大小 =wtype@wkWidth=2500;Defaultis1000wtype@wkHeight=2500wks=..如果“pngPSPDF“convert”ImageMagickMacportinstallLinuxyuminstallimagemagickapt-getinstallconvert–geometry2000x2000-density300-trimxy.ps“-density300IntroductiontoNCL首先输出“ps(或“pdf”)使用“delete(wks)”以强制关闭PS..filename=

=filename+=filename+

;PS(orPDF)file;PNGfilewks=res=..plotgsn_csm_xxxx(wks,data,res) ;重要!options=“–geometry2000x2000-density300-trimsystem(“convert”+options+psf+“”+NCLGraphicsTheLine-by-lineCustomizingNCLCommonmistakesandDebuggingCreatingimagesforWeband/orWheretoDownloadyourowndatasets(highlymended)orusesampleWritesimplescriptstoreaddataandplotSeescriptsBrowse“Examples”onNCLReviewgraphicalexamplesusedinTrytheStartwritingyourownNCLForverybasicinformation,readFAQonNCLRefertoindexinbackofbookforwebIntroductiontoNCLExercises,datafiles,scriptsusedinMaryHaleyWhatnew(graphical)thingsyoucandoinReadinexistingimagesandoverlayNCLgraphicsontopUsenamedcolorswithoutaddingthemtoyourcolormapUsemorethanonecolormap(colortable)perUsemorethan256colorsperres@xyLineColor=res@xyLineColor=YouYoucanusecolorswithbutthatcolormustbeinyourcolortable.Closestmatchisused,whichistheassociatedwithindex8inthe650650namedUseapredefinedcolorloadwks=gsn_open_wks("ps","color1”)Pickacolortablefromthe