败坏了赫德莱堡的人+课件

马克·吐温（MarkTwain，1835年—1910年），原名萨缪尔·兰亨·克莱门，美国小说家、作家、演说家，19世纪后期美国现实主义文学的杰出代表。主要作品有《哈克贝里·芬历险记》，《汤姆·索亚历险记》，《竞选州长》，《百万英镑》等。Hadleyburgisworldfamousforitshonesty.Butitisareputationthathasneverfacedrealtemptation...untilthedayastrangerleavesamysteriousbagofgoldasarewardforagooddeed.ThenthetruenatureofHadleyburg'scitizensisuncovered.Thestrangerfeltslighted（觉得受了冷落）onhisvisittoHadleyburg.Thebagofgoldispartofaschemetocorruptthetownwhoseprideintheirhonestybordersonhubris（傲慢）.Allbutoneofthetown'sprominentfamiliesbecometheobjectofderision（嘲笑）astheextentoftheirgreedanddishonestyispubliclyrevealed.However,eventhatonecoupleishauntedbytheirdishonestyandintheirguilt,misconstrue（误解）thegenerousgestureofanotherandsabotage（蓄意破坏）theirownsuccess.Theironicendingelicits（诱出）achuckle（轻笑、暗笑）asonlyoneofMarkTwain'ssardonic（讥讽的）witcan.《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》是美国作家马克·吐温的中篇小说。该故事描述了一个本来和睦平静的以“诚实”、“清高”而闻名于世的哈德莱堡小镇，在一袋金币的诱惑下，小镇的“诚实”的居民，尤其是那19位首要公民，非但没有一人能抵住诱惑，反而都昧尽良心为钱欺骗、作伪，撕去了他们诚实道德的外衣，露出了贪婪的本性，演出了场场丑剧，使得“诚实”、“清高”的哈德莱堡镇臭名远扬。运用讽刺手法，揭露批判了19世纪美国社会的拜金主义，辛辣讽刺了资产阶级的虚伪人性。“NINETEENERS(Someofthe19prominentcitizensofHadleyburg)MaryRichards---firsttoreceivetheaccursed（被诅咒的）sackofgoldEdwardRichards---herhusband,findshonestyisn'teasyMrs.Wilson---prominentlawyerMr.Wilson---herhusbandMs.JaneBillson---primeclaimantofthegoldMs.Harkness---speculator（投机者）

vyingfor（争夺）

aseatonthelegislature（立法机关）,theopponentofbankerPinkertonMs.Piketon---ownstownbankCharactersMinorcitizensJackHalliday---townloafer（浪子，懒汉）,providescommentaryRev.Ms.Burgess---thearbiter（仲裁人）ofthegoldrewardCharlesCox---owneroflocalnewspaperMabelCox---hiswifeJenny---CoxemployeeThearchitect---recentlymovedintotownOthersTheStranger---planstodestroythosewhoslightedhimNewspaperReporter---

fromtheAssociatedPressofficeMr.Richards理查兹是小镇银行的老出纳员。他是一个“为了那点儿薪水而甘当别人的奴隶”，但又很善于自我解脱的重要镇民。当他从妻子那里得知一袋金币的秘密时，下意识地开玩笑道：“把这些钱藏起来，把纸条子烧掉不就行了”。这种下意识其实正暴露了理查兹内心的贪欲和不诚实。他为了满足自己能看到其它市镇忌妒的虚荣心，理查兹将秘密告诉了报馆老板柯克斯。金币的秘密随着报纸的发行轰动了全美各地，这是理查兹始料不及的。理查兹夫妇追悔莫及，彼此埋怨不已。Stephenson“史蒂文森”“史蒂文森”是一位外乡人。他是一个来无踪、去无影的人物，是一个极高明的社会心理分析家。

Harkness

银行家哈克尼斯是一个典型的资本主义投机政客，老奸巨滑，既贪婪又善于耍弄手腕。哈克尼斯当上了州议会的议员。Plot

Chapter1

---an“incorruptible”town---asackofgold---aletterof“life-changingadvice”---newsspreadout---attentionacrossthecountryChapter2---honestyspreadthroughout---moodchanges---guess---19modelcouples---samelettersfromastranger---claimthegold---purchasethingsonfuturewealthChapter3---townhallmeeting---thesameremark(Billson&Wilson)---thesecondhalfofremark---“18”sameclaims---stanger'splotandrevenge---anauction---Mr.andMrs.Richardsandhis“honesty”Chapter4---checkstotheRichards---amessagefromBurgess---anxiety---Mr.andMrs.Richardsfallill---confesstheirguiltbeforedie---HadleyburgrenameFeatures

Humorandsatire(讽刺;讥讽)

---profoundtheme---psychologicaldescriptionandanalysis---cleverplotProfoundtheme

Moneyworship

Inordertogetthesackofgold,the19citizenspretendtothebenefactorofthestrangerwhohadgivenhimtheadvice.Irony

Thewholestoryisamicrocosm（缩影）ofthattimesThe“incorruptible”Hadleyburg---EarlyAmericancapitalistsociety19prominentcitizens---hypocriticalandgreedyupperclassPsychologicaldescriptionandanalysis

Mr.andMrsRichards

Hypocrites(伪君子)Useeveryconceivable（可想象的）meanstogainthegold

VSwanttokeepthereputation---“themosthonesty”contrastCleverplotAtfirst,settingupasuspense,letthe19prominentcitizenswalkintothetrapstepbystep.Inthemiddle,addsomedetailstomakethewholestoryperfectly.Atlast,theRichardsdied,Hadleyburgwasallowedtochangeitsname.1. WhatcanweknowaboutHadleyburg?A. Itwastheleasthonestanduprighttown.B. Itcanbecorruptedbyanyone.C. Ithasagoodreputation.D. Itoffendednobodyforyears.C2. WhatonearthruinsthegoodreputationofHadleyburg?A.Amanwhoisbitterandrevengeful.B. TheRichards.C. Thenineteenprincipalhouseholds.D. Theselfishandgreedynature.D3. WhydidMr.Richardsmakeapublicinquirytofindthemanwhogaveasufferingstrangertwentydollars?A. TomakesureeverybodyinHadleyburgknowthenews.B. Toshortensearchtimeandimproveefficiency.C. Tolettheneighboringtownshelpfindtheman.D. ToenlargeuponHadleyburg’sfineoldreputationforhonesty.D4. Afterthenewswaspublished,whydidthevillagers’feelingsswingfromhappyandvaintomoodyandabsent-minded?A.Thedesireformoneypoisonedtheirminds.B. Therewassomethingunfortunatehappenedinthevillage.C. Theyrealizedmoneywasevil.D. Nobodyclaimedthesackofgold.A5. WhatistheintentionofStephensonsendingthesameletterstothenineteenprincipalhouseholds?A. Toinformmoredetailedinformation.B. Tohelpeveryfamilymakeafortune.C. Tohelpvillagersgetridofpoverty.D. Tomakevillagerscon